Abstract: A group of reductive 2D materials (R2D) with extended reactive vacancies and a method for making the R2D with extended reactive vacancies are provided, especially the example of the reductive boron nitride (RBN). To create defects such as vacancies, boron nitride (BN) powders are milled at cryogenic temperatures. Vacancies are produced by milling, and the vacancies can be used to reduce various metal nanostructures on RBN. Due to the thermal stability of the RBN and the enhanced catalytic performance of metal nanostructures, RBN-metals can be used for different catalysts, including electrochemical catalysts and high temperature catalysts.

Abstract: Apparatus (1) for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects by means of successive layerwise selective irradiation and consolidation of layers of a build material which can be consolidated by means of an energy beam, with a stream generating unit (2) configured to generate a stream of a process gas (3) being capable of being charged with particles (4), in particular non-consolidated particulate build material and/or smoke and/or smoke residues, generated during operation of the apparatus (1) and a filter unit (5) configured to separate particles (4) from the stream of process gas (3), wherein the filter unit (5) comprises a filter chamber (6) with at least one filter element (7) at least partly arranged in the streaming path of the generated stream of process gas (3), wherein particles (4) in the stream of process gas (3) are separated from the process gas (3) by the filter element (7).

Abstract: A process to decompose methane into carbon (graphitic powder) and hydrogen (H2 gas) without secondary production of carbon dioxide, employing a cycle in which a secondary chemical is recycled and reused, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method to recycle TiB2 articles, and in particular, a method to recycle a TiB2 feedstock including TiB2 articles and Ti-ore and/or Ti-slag by chlorination.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of metal borides. Metal boride compounds synthesized by those methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include metal boride nanoparticles, methods of making metal boride nanoparticles, methods of using metal boride nanoparticle, metal oxide nanoparticles, methods of making metal oxide nanoparticles, methods of using metal oxide nanoparticle, and the like.

Abstract: A hydrogen-free amorphous dielectric insulating film having a high material density and a low density of tunneling states is provided. The film is prepared by e-beam deposition of a dielectric material on a substrate having a high substrate temperature Tsub under high vacuum and at a low deposition rate. In an exemplary embodiment, the film is amorphous silicon having a density greater than about 2.18 g/cm3 and a hydrogen content of less than about 0.1%, prepared by e-beam deposition at a rate of about 0.1 nm/sec on a substrate having Tsub=400° C. under a vacuum pressure of 1×10?8 Torr.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte solution including: a solvent composed primarily of a BF3-cyclic ether complex; and a supporting electrolyte. For example, preferred is an electrolyte solution in which the cyclic ether is one or two or more selected from optionally substituted tetrahydrofuran and optionally substituted tetrahydropyran.

Abstract: A device including a near field transducer, the near field transducer including gold (Au) and at least one other secondary atom, the at least one other secondary atom selected from: boron (B), bismuth (Bi), indium (In), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb), manganese (Mn), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O), and combinations thereof erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), lutetium (Lu), praseodymium (Pr), scandium (Sc), uranium (U), zinc (Zn), and combinations thereof and barium (Ba), chlorine (Cl), cesium (Cs), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), fluorine (F), gadolinium (Gd), germanium (Ge), hydrogen (H), iodine (I), osmium (Os), phosphorus (P), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), selenium (Se), samarium (Sm), terbium (Tb), thallium (Th), and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are near field transducers (NFTs) that include either silver, copper, or aluminum and one or more secondary elements.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preparing a nanopowder are presented. The process comprises feeding a reactant material into a plasma reactor in which is generated a plasma flow having a temperature sufficiently high to vaporize the material; transporting the vapor with the plasma flow into a quenching zone; injecting a preheated quench gas into the plasma flow in the quenching zone to form a renewable gaseous condensation front; and forming a nanopowder at the interface between the renewable controlled temperature gaseous condensation front and the plasma flow.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to hexagonal osmium boride, OsB2, and methods of producing the same. In one non-limiting embodiment, hexagonal OsB2 is produced by mechanochemical synthesis of osmium and boron in a high energy ball mill.

Abstract: A hard phase material is provided for increasing the hardness of a matrix material and improving the wear resistance thereof. The hard phase material is an aluminum boride material having the structure AlB8-16. The aluminum boride hard phase may be incorporated into a matrix material by mixing particulate aluminum boride with the matrix material and through precipitation of aluminum boride from the matrix material. Materials including the aluminum boride hard phase may be used in coating applications to provide a hard and wear resistant coating. Aluminum boride hard phase may also be incorporated into metallurgical products to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the metallurgical products.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to hexagonal osmium boride, OsB2, and methods of producing the same. In one non-limiting embodiment, hexagonal OsB2 is produced by mechanochemical synthesis of osmium and boron in a high energy ball mill.

Abstract: A method of purifying a nanomaterial and the resultant purified nanomaterial in which a salt, such as ferric chloride, at or near its liquid phase temperature, is used to penetrate and wet the internal surfaces of a nanomaterial to dissolve impurities that may be present, for example, from processes used in the manufacture of the nanomaterial.

Abstract: The invention provides a preparation process of transition metal boride, comprising the following steps: A) aluminum is put in a reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 700 to 800° C. and then added with dry potassium fluoborate or sodium fluoborate, monomer boron and cryolite are generated by rapid stirring and reaction for 4 to 6 hours, and the molten liquid at the upper layer is sucked out and the monomer boron is obtained by means of separation; and B) the obtained monomer boron is added with transition metal for reaction at the temperature from 1800 to 2200° C. in order to generate corresponding transition metal boride.

Abstract: The invention provides a preparation process of transition metal boride, comprising the following steps: A) aluminum is put in a reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 700 to 800° C. and then added with dry potassium fluoborate or sodium fluoborate, monomer boron and cryolite are generated by rapid stirring and reaction for 4 to 6 hours, and the molten liquid at the upper layer is sucked out and the monomer boron is obtained by means of separation; and B) the obtained monomer boron is added with transition metal for reaction at the temperature from 1800 to 2200° C. in order to generate corresponding transition metal boride.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lamp comprising a ceramic discharge vessel (3) with end parts (34) and with electrodes (4) which are connected to a respective external contact via a respective feedthrough (20). Each feedthrough is sealed with a sealing part (40) thereof by a sealing compound (10) in the end part. The discharge vessel gastightly encloses a discharge space into which said two electrodes extend from the end part and which contains an ionizable filling. The sealing compound comprises at least one first component chosen from the group consisting of ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), osmium (Os) and rhenium (Re), and comprises at least one second component chosen from the group consisting of silicium (Si), boron (B), phosphor (P). Thus, a halide resistant lamp vessel is obtained exhibiting excellent lifetime characteristics and long lifetimes.

Abstract: A cyclic preparation method including the following steps: a) boric acid or boric anhydride is added with hydrofluoric acid and then with potassium sulfate for reaction to generate potassium fluoborate; titanium-iron concentrate is added with hydrofluoric acid and then with potassium sulfate for reaction to generate potassium fluotitanate; B) the potassium fluoborate is mixed with the potassium fluotitanate, and the mixture reacts with aluminum to generate titanium boride and potassium cryolite; C) the potassium cryolite is sucked out and then fed into a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen fluoride gas as well as potassium sulfate and potassium aluminum sulfate are generated by reaction in the rotary reaction kettle, and the hydrogen fluoride gas is collected and then dissolved in water to obtain hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; and D) the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution and potassium sulfate aqueous solution are recycled.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing spheroidized boron nitride which enable the further improvement in the heat conductivity of a heat dissipative member. Specifically disclosed is a process for producing spheroidized boron nitride, which is characterized by using spheroidized graphite as a raw material and reacting the spheroidized graphite with a boron oxide and nitrogen at a high temperature ranging from 1600 to 2100° C. to produce the spheroidized boron nitride. The boron oxide to be used in the reaction is preferably boron oxide (B2O3), boric acid (H3BO3), or a substance capable of generating a boron oxide at a higher temperature. A gas to be used in the reaction is preferably nitrogen or ammonia.

Abstract: A high purity ZrB2 powder having a purity of 99.9 wt % or higher excluding C and gas components, and a manufacturing method of such high purity ZrB2 powder, including the steps of: subjecting a Zr sponge raw material to electron beam melting and casting to prepare an ingot having a purity of 99.9 wt % or higher; cutting the ingot into a cut powder and hydrogenating the cut powder into ZrH2; pulverizing and dehydrogenating the resultant product into a Zr powder and oxidizing the Zr powder at a high temperature in an oxygen atmosphere into a ZrO2 fine powder; and mixing the ZrO2 fine powder with B having a purity of 99.9 wt % or higher so as to reduce ZrO2 and obtain a ZrB2 powder having a purity of 99.9 wt % or higher. Purity of the ZrB2 powder for use in sintering is made to be 99.

Abstract: A cyclic preparation method for producing titanium boride from intermediate feedstock sodium-based titanium-boron-fluorine salt mixture and producing sodium cryolite as byproduct, which comprises the steps: a) boric acid or boric anhydride is added with hydrofluoric acid and then with sodium carbonate solution for concentration and crystallization to generate sodium fluoborate; titanium-iron concentrate is added with hydrofluoric acid and then with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium fluotitanate; B) the sodium fluoborate is mixed with the sodium fluotitanate, and the mixture reacts with aluminum to generate titanium boride and sodium cryolite; C) the sodium cryolite is sucked out and then fed into a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen fluoride gas as well as sodium sulfate and sodium aluminum sulfate are generated by reaction in the rotary reaction kettle, and the hydrogen fluoride gas is collected and then dissolved in water to obtain hydrofluoric aci

Abstract: One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of making a ceramic material that contains boron and a metal. A metal source, an oxidizer, a boron source, and a fuel source are combined. These reactants are then heated at, or to, a temperature sufficient to initiate a combustion reaction. The combustion reaction produces a ceramic material that includes boron and the metal. The present disclosure also provides materials formed by the disclosed method, as well as methods and systems using such materials.

Abstract: A dichalcogenide thermoelectric material having a very low thermal conductivity in comparison with a conventional metal or semiconductor is described. The dichalcogenide thermoelectric material has a structure of Formula 1 below: RX2-aYa??Formula 1 wherein R is a rare earth or transition metal magnetic element, X and Y are each independently an element selected from the group consisting of S, Se, Te, P, As, Sb, Bi, C, Si, Ge, Sn, B, Al, Ga, In, and a combination thereof, and 0?a<2.

Abstract: A method for preparing single-crystalline, rare-earth metal hexaboride nanowires by a chemical vapor deposition process is described. Also described are the nanowires themselves, the electron emitting properties of the nanowires, and the use of the nanowires in electron emitting devices, particularly as point electron sources.

Abstract: Described herein are rhenium boride compounds having desirable characteristics for a variety of applications, ranging from abrasives and cutting tools to protective coatings.

Abstract: The invention provides a preparation process of transition metal boride, comprising the following steps: A) aluminum is put in a reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 700 to 800° C. and then added with dry potassium fluoborate or sodium fluoborate, monomer boron and cryolite are generated by rapid stirring and reaction for 4 to 6 hours, and the molten liquid at the upper layer is sucked out and the monomer boron is obtained by means of separation; and B) the obtained monomer boron is added with transition metal for reaction at the temperature from 1800 to 2200° C. in order to generate corresponding transition metal boride.

Abstract: Methods for removing an organic contaminant from contaminated boron powder are provided. One method includes providing a contaminated boron powder, the boron powder being comingled with an organic contaminant. The method also includes placing the contaminated boron powder and the organic contaminant comingled therewith onto an inert container. The method includes placing the inert container, the contaminated boron powder, and the organic contaminant comingled therewith, into an enclosed space. A heat source is provided in the enclosed space. The method also includes heating the contaminated boron powder and the organic contaminant comingled therewith to an elevated temperature. The method includes altering the organic contaminant so as to reduce the amount of the organic contaminant comingled with the boron powder. Another method includes reducing the amount of the organic contaminant comingled with the boron powder to not more than about 0.1 weight percent of soluble residue.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a lanthanum hexaboride sintered body which contains lanthanum hexaboride as the main component, has an element nitrogen content of 0.1 to 3 mass % inclusive, contains an impurity composed of element carbon and/or at least two elements selected from La, C, O and B at a content of 0.3 vol % or less, and has a relative density of 88% or more; and a target comprising the lanthanum hexaboride sintered body. An LaB6 sintered body can be provided, which enables the production of a highly pure and dense LaB6 thin film having excellent crystallinity and a good work function and which is suitable for a sputtering target or the like.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a device and method used to produce a tubular structure made of a refractory metal compound. In particular, the disclosure provides a device and method used to produce a tubular structure made of a refractory metal compound by reacting a green tubular structure made of a refractory metal with at least one reactive gas.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of metal borides. Metal boride compounds synthesized by those methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of converting shaped templates into shaped metal-containing components, allowing for the production of freestanding, porous metal-containing replicas whose shapes and microstructures are derived from a shaped template, and partially or fully converting the shaped templates to produce metal-containing coatings on an underlying shaped template are described herein. Such coatings and replicas can be applied in a variety of fields including, but not limited to, catalysis, energy storage and conversion, and various structural or refractory materials and structural or refractory composite materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for production of calcium compounds having very low content of phosphorus and boron from an impure calcium chloride, solution containing phosphorus and boron, which method comprises the following steps: a) addition of a FeCl3-solution to the calcium chloride solution, b) adjusting the pH of the solution by addition of a base to between 3 and 9.5 for precipitation of iron hydroxide, iron phosphate and boron compounds, c) removal of the solid precipitate from the solution in step b) obtaining a purified calcium chloride solution, d) precipitation of a calcium compound from the solution from step c), and e) separation of the calcium compound from the solution in step d).

Abstract: The invention provides a MgB2 superconductive wire which is long and has a high critical current density. The invention provides a manufacturing method of a superconductive wire in which a magnesium or a magnesium alloy is reacted with a magnesium boride expressed by MgBx (x=4, 7, 12) by carrying out a heat treatment. A superconductive wire is characterized by the magnesium boride expressed by the MgBx (x=4, 7, 12) is included in a part.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of making a ceramic material that contains boron and a metal. A metal source, an oxidizer, a boron source, and a fuel source are combined. These reactants are then heated at, or to, a temperature sufficient to initiate a combustion reaction. The combustion reaction produces a ceramic material that includes boron and the metal. The present disclosure also provides materials formed by the disclosed method, as well as methods and systems using such materials.

Abstract: Ultrafine metal carbide or metal boride particles are consolidated by a method including sintering at intermediate pressures. A green body comprising the ultrafine metal carbide or metal boride particles may be preheated under vacuum and then pressurized to the intermediate sintering pressure. After sintering, the article may be densified at an intermediate temperature below the sintering temperature, and at an elevated pressure above the intermediate sintering temperature. The resultant consolidated metal carbide or metal boride article may then be cooled and used for such applications as armor panels, abrasion resistant nozzles, and the like.

Abstract: A method is taught for of producing a relatively insoluble cation-borate in wood by sequential impregnation of wood with a cation-compound or a borate compound and subsequently the impregnation of the wood with a borate compound or a cation-compound so as to produce a precipitate of cation-borate within the treated wood, without using ammonia or volatile amines.

Abstract: The invention relates to boron carbide and to a method for making the same, as well as to a super-abrasive material and a machine device including said boron carbide. The boron carbide of the invention has the following formula BC5 and has a diamond-type cubic structure with a mesh parameter a=3.635±0.006 &angst. The boron carbide of the invention can particularly be used in the field of machining.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an anode containing calcium hexaboride, where the electrochemical device is an alkaline cell or an air cathode cell.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing high density boron carbide by pressureless sintering, enabling to create sintered products of complex shapes and high strength. The process comprises mixing raw boron carbide powder with carbon precursor, such as a polysaccharide, compacting the mixture to create an object of the desired shape, and finally carbonizing and sintering the object at higher temperatures.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a catalyst including platinum phosphide having a cubic structure, a method of making the catalyst, and a fuel cell utilizing the catalyst. The present disclosure also relates to method of making electrical power utilizing a PEMFC incorporating the catalyst. Also disclosed herein is a catalyst including a platinum complex wherein platinum is complexed with a nonmetal or metalloid. The catalyst with the platinum complex can exhibit good electro-chemically active properties.

Abstract: An amorphous or a partially crystalline magnesium diboride comprising a crystalline material content of ?25% by weight as determined by an X-ray powder diffraction.

Abstract: Elemental boron with a boron content of at least 96.8% by weight, an oxygen content of at most 1.6% by weight, a nitrogen content of at most 0.2% by weight, a crystallinity of 30% by weight or less, and a particle size distribution with a d100 value of 9 ?m or less.

Abstract: Improved magnesium diboride superconducting materials and methods of synthesis are disclosed. Embodiments of the superconducting material comprise at least two starting materials capable of forming MgB2 and at least one dopant compound comprising silicon, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The starting materials and the at least one dopant compound are heated and mixed at an atomic level to produce a silicon-doped MgB2 superconducting material. Examples of the dopant compound include silicone oil, Triacetoxy(methyl)silane (2), 1,7-Dichloro-octamethyltetrasiloxane (2) and Tetramethyl orthosilicate (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal boride precursor mixture comprising a metal oxide and a boric oxide combined in such a manner so as to produce intimately linked clusters wherein the boric oxide is found within the metal oxide. Furthermore, the invention discloses a carbon composite material made with the metal boride precursor mixture and a carbonaceous component. Finally, the invention also teaches the process for preparing the metal boride precursor mixture comprising steps of providing a metal oxide and a boron oxide, mechanically mixing the metal oxide and the boron oxide at a temperature that liquefies the boron oxide and may impregnate the metal oxide to produce an intimately linked cluster of metal oxide and boric oxide.

Abstract: The crystal structure of three compositions of matter has been determined to be iso-structural with FeB ortho-rhombic (space group Pnma). The crystalline structures are: Ti0.5Ta0.5B, Zr0.5Ta0.5B and Hf0.5Ta0.5B. A process for preparing ceramics is disclosed. Molded ceramics including the compositions of matter are useful for applications such as rocket nozzles, leading edges on hypersonic missiles, engine parts and other applications requiring a structural component to operate at temperatures of 1600° C. to 2400° C.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing a superconducting material, comprising mixing starting materials comprising magnesium, boron, silicon and carbon; heating the mixture of starting materials to a temperature in the range between 650° C. and 2000° C. to produce a material comprising magnesium boride doped with silicon carbide; and cooling the resulting material to a temperature below the critical temperature of the material to render the material capable of superconducting.

Abstract: In a refining method for boron-containing silicon, boron-containing silicon is irradiated with an electron beam in a vacuum vessel to melt the boron-containing silicon. A boron compound-forming substance is introduced into the vacuum vessel, and boron contained in the molten silicon is formed into a boron compound. After at least a portion of the boron compound has vaporized, irradiation with the electron beam is stopped. The high-purity molten silicon can then be solidified.

Abstract: A method for producing extremely pure amorphous boron, wherein a reducing gas and a gaseous boron halide are introduced continuously or quasi-continuously into a reaction chamber (10; 32) of a reactor (8; 9; 30; 42) during its operation, wherein a surface of a catalyst (15; 20; 37) is provided in the reaction chamber (10; 32) of the reactor (8; 9; 30; 42), which supports the reaction of the boron halide to form boron; and wherein the boron that is deposited on the surface of the catalyst (15; 20; 37) is regularly mechanically removed such that the removed boron is available in the form of powder in the reaction chamber (10; 32) of the reactor (8; 9; 30; 42). The method produces extremely pure amorphous boron which already has a very small grain size without downstream disintegration of the extracted boron. The use of boron powder produced in this fashion is proposed, in particular, for the superconductor production in the magnesium boron system due to the improved current carrying capacity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a complex hydride and a borohydride catalyst wherein the borohydride catalyst comprises a BH4 group, and a group IV metal, a group V metal, or a combination of a group IV and a group V metal. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the composition.