Abstract: A method of making porous ceramic granules is provided. The method comprises heating pore-forming agent particles to a temperature above a glass transition temperature for the pore-forming agent particles; contacting the heated pore-forming agent particles with a ceramic material to form a mixture of pore-forming agent particles and ceramic material; heating the mixture to remove the pore-forming agent particles from the mixture to form a porous ceramic material; and micronizing the porous ceramic material to obtain the porous ceramic granules, wherein the porous ceramic granules have an average diameter from about 50 ?m to 800 ?m. The porous ceramic granules are also disclosed.

Abstract: Nanostructured aluminosilicates including aluminosilicate nanorods are formed by heating a geopolymer resin containing up to about 90 mol % water in a closed container at a temperature between about 70° C. and about 200° C. for a length of time up to about one week to yield a first material including the aluminosilicate nanorods. The aluminosilicate nanorods have an average width of the between about 5 nm and about 30 or between about 5 nm and about 60 nm or between about 5 nm and about 100 nm, and a majority of the aluminosilicate nanorods have an aspect ratio between about 2 and about 100.

Abstract: Provided is a photocatalyst including a photocatalyst in which part of calcium ions are substituted with titanium ions, and part of phosphoric acid ions are substituted with metal oxoacid ions in a calcium hydroxyapatite crystal structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, wherein the method forms a biofilm, wherein the biofilm comprises a population of at least one bacterial strain attached to particles, wherein the biofilm is configured to colonize a gut of a subject in need thereof for at least five days, when ingested by the subject, the method comprising: a. obtaining a population comprising at least one strain of bacteria; b. inoculating a growth medium containing particles with the population comprising at least one strain of bacteria; c. incubating the particles with the population comprising at least one bacterial strain for a time sufficient for the population of at least one strain of bacteria to attach to the particles; and d. culturing the population comprising at least one strain of bacteria attached to the particles in a growth medium, for a time sufficient to form a biofilm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dispersion of surface modified inorganic particles including (a) fluid comprising a complexing agent, and (b) the surface modified inorganic particles comprising polyvalent metal ions.

Abstract: A photocatalytic nanocomposite hollow sphere comprising a shell surrounding a hollow core, and the shell comprising zirconium dioxide, hydroxyapatite, and platinum, as well as a method for producing the nanocomposite hollow sphere and a method employing the nanocomposite hollow sphere in reducing an aromatic nitro compound to an aromatic amine compound under visible light are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition comprising all or a portion of a beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) bound to all or a portion of a ?-TCP binding peptide and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing a metal carbonate from an ultramafic rock material is provided. The method includes providing an ultramafic rock material comprising a metal silicate; reacting the ultramafic rock material with an acid to form a mixture comprising a salt of the metal; contacting the mixture comprising a salt of the metal with oxygen so as to aerate impurities in the mixture and/or to remove residual acid from the mixture; heating the resultant mixture to decompose the salt of the metal to form metal oxide; and reacting the metal oxide with aqueous ammonium carbonate to obtain the metal carbonate. A system for producing a metal carbonate from ultramafic rock material is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to nano-sized complexes formed by associating amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and/or amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (ACFP) with an amphiphilic polymer surfactant. The amphiphilic polymer surfactants can form nano-sized assemblies in aqueous solution, serving as a nano dispersant preventing ACP and/or ACFP from aggregation, and as a nano carrier associating or attaching ACP and/or ACFP, stabilizing ACP and/or ACFP against the conversion to a crystalline form as well, thus maintaining calcium and phosphate/and fluoride ions in a bioavailable state for dental re-mineralization and prevention of dental caries, dental calculus and dental hyper-sensitivity. A method for the nano-sized complex preparation and compositions comprising the nano-sized complexes are also provided.

Abstract: Refrigerated hydraulic cement compositions comprise a mixture of (a) ?-tricalcium phosphate powder, (b) monocalcium phosphate comprising monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (MCPA), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), or a combination thereof, wherein a 0.1 g/ml saturated aqueous solution of the monocalcium phosphate has a pH less than 3.0, (c) non-aqueous water-miscible liquid, and (d) an aqueous hydrating liquid. The aqueous hydrating liquid is included in an amount of about 1-50 volume percent, based on the combined volume of the non-aqueous water-miscible liquid and the aqueous hydration liquid, and the refrigerated hydraulic cement composition is storage stable for greater than one day, without setting. Methods of forming hardened cements in vivo and/or for forming implants for use in vivo employ the hydraulic cement compositions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods of neutralizing apatite surfaces, for example after a flow-through collection of a target and prior to cleaning the chromatography solid support.

Abstract: An apatite compound represented by general formula: A10(PO4)6(OH)2 (wherein A represents Ba or a combination of Ba and Sr and/or Ca) is used as a carrier. This exhaust gas purifying catalyst is obtained by having the apatite compound carrier support a noble metal component.

Abstract: An apparatus for mineralising a biological material includes an ultrasonic source, operable to generate an ultrasonic signal, an ultrasonic probe and one or more mineralising probes, operable to receive a mineralising agent. The mineralising agent is transferred from at least one mineralising probe to the biological material using the ultrasonic signal. Also disclosed are a mineralisation agent and a method of mineralising a biological material that includes the steps of: providing an ultrasound source, providing a mineralising agent, generating an ultrasonic signal from the ultrasound source, and applying the ultrasonic signal and the mineralising agent to the biological material separately, sequentially or simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic non-resorbable silicon-containing calcium phosphate biomaterial having a microporosity of 23% by volume or greater, wherein the surface free energy of the biomaterial is 19 mJ/m.

Abstract: Calcium peroxyphosphate compounds and dental compositions comprising these compounds that combine both whitening/stain removal of teeth with remineralization are disclosed. The calcium peroxyphosphate compounds are capable of releasing, in an aqueous environment, whitening and remineralization effective amounts of calcium ion, phosphate ion, and active oxygen. Preferred compounds are calcium peroxymonophosphate or calcium diperoxymonophosphate compounds. These compounds may be used in humans and other animals, including other mammals.

Abstract: A c-axis-oriented HAP thin film synthesized by seeded growth on a palladium hydrogen membrane substrate. An exemplary synthetic process includes electrochemical seeding on the substrate, and secondary and tertiary hydrothermal treatments under conditions that favor growth along c-axes and a-axes in sequence. By adjusting corresponding synthetic conditions, an HAP this film can be grown to a controllable thickness with a dense coverage on the underlying substrate. The thin films have relatively high proton conductivity under hydrogen atmosphere and high temperature conditions. The c-axis oriented films may be integrated into fuel cells for application in the intermediate temperature range of 200-600° C. The electrochemical-hydrothermal deposition technique may be applied to create other oriented crystal materials having optimized properties, useful for separations and catalysis as well as electronic and electrochemical applications, electrochemical membrane reactors, and in chemical sensors.

Abstract: The present invention provides white pigments of crystalline aluminum orthophosphate dihydrate, their use as white pigment in paints and also processes for their production.

Abstract: A hydroxyapatite ceramic hybrid material, which includes a biodegradable polymer included in the pores in a hydroxyapatite ceramic structure, and a method thereof, and a calcium phosphate porous body, which is formed by an intertwining of fibrous calcium phosphates and includes a plurality of first pores formed where the fibrous calcium phosphates interconnect and plurality of equal diameter substantially spherical second pores with a larger inside diameter than the first pores, and a method thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apatite that includes metal atoms having a photocatalytic function and other metal atoms, and the metal atoms having a photocatalytic function include metal atoms that absorb energy corresponding to light energy of visible light. By applying the apatite as a base material of various products to be arranged indoors, the photocatalytic function can be exhibited indoors as well.

Abstract: Colorless dental compositions for restoring the enamel layer of a tooth are disclosed. The colorless enamel compositions are combined with pigmented dentin compositions to provide a true color match and natural esthetics. Methods that utilize the compositions in placement/build-up techniques in direct restorations are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided for forming an embolus within a region of an anatomical lumen for a transitory period in order to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Abstract: Described is a method for the production of metal salts, wherein the cationic metal is preferably selected from Group I to IV metals and mixtures thereof and the anionic group is selected from phosphates, silicates, sulfates, carbonates, hydroxides, fluorides and mixtures thereof, and wherein said method comprises forming a mixture of at least one metal source that is a metal carboxylate with a mean carbon value per carboxylate group of at least 3 and at least one anion source into droplets and oxiding said droplets in a high temperature environment, preferably a flame. This method is especially suited for the production of calcium phosphate biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite (HAp,Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP,Ca3(PO4)2) that exhibit excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity and therefore are widely used for reparation of bony or periodontal defects, coating of metallic implants and bone space fillers.

Abstract: A method and composition are provided for treating cancer in a mammal. The method includes administering to a tumor site of the mammal an anticancer composition comprising a mixture of an anticancer agent and a nanocrystalline or poorly crystalline calcium phosphate paste, said paste comprised of one or more calcium phosphates and a physiologically acceptable fluid, the paste having an injectable or formable consistency at the time of administration and hardenable at the tumor.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a process for obtaining a bone substitute of given chemical and physical characteristics and entirely similar to those of the mineral portion of natural bone tissue. The process substitutes Ca ions with Mg ions in a porous matrix; the process comprises a phase of contacting the matrix with a saline aqueous solution containing an effective quantity of Mg ions at a pressure greater than or equal to 1 bar.

Abstract: A method for preparing nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles by combining an amount of a calcium ion source, which includes calcium acetate, and an amount of a phosphate ion source, wherein the amounts are sufficient to produce nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles and the amounts are combined under ambient conditions to produce the hydroxyapatite particles. Nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles are also presented.

Abstract: According to a first aspect, hydrolysis of a protein-containing raw material and separation of amino acids/peptides is carried out, wherein the hydrolysis is effected by using the endogenous enzymes of the protein-containing raw material. The hydrolysate is passed through a membrane filter, wherein peptide/amino acids follow a permeate stream, whilst the active enzymes continuously break down any protein residues that are deposited on the membrane surface. The enzymes are passed together with retentate back to the hydrolysis. Furthermore, an amino acid and peptide product and an oil product are described and the use thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for production of ammonium phosphates includes providing (210) of a phosphorus-loaded water immiscible liquid phase, adding (212) of anhydrous ammonia to the water immiscible liquid phase, precipitating (214) of mono-ammonium phosphate and/or di-ammonium phosphate from the water immiscible liquid phase and extracting (218) of the precipitated mono-ammonium phosphate and/or di-ammonium phosphate from the water immiscible liquid phase. The method further includes controlling (216) of a temperature of the water immiscible liquid phase during the adding (212) and precipitating (214) to a predetermined temperature interval.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of an apatite-based resin from which retained solutes have been eluted by an elution buffer that contains an alkali metal salt with solutions of calcium ion, phosphate ion, and hydroxide separately from any sample loading and elution buffers. The treatment solutions restore the resin, reversing the deterioration that is caused by the alkali metal salt in the elution buffer.

Abstract: An ultrathin film of calcium phosphate crystals having a thickness of 200 nm or less on a surface of a solid substrate, and a method for preparing the same are disclosed. Further, an amorphous dendritic extension used as an intermediate material in preparation of the ultrathin film of calcium phosphate and a method for forming the same are disclosed. The ultrathin film of calcium phosphate crystals can be coated on the surface of the solid substrate while substantially maintaining surface roughness of the solid substrate. The method employs calcium phosphate ion solutions at low temperature.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of tricalcium phosphates are presented, as well as a series of specific reaction parameters that can be adjusted to tailor, in specific ways, properties in the tricalcium phosphate precursor precipitate. Particulate tricalcium phosphate compositions having an average crystal size of about 250 nm or less are provided. Compositions of the invention can be used as prosthetic implants and coatings for prosthetic implants.

Abstract: An inorganic silicate-substituted calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite, useful as a biomaterial, has a Ca/P molar ratio in the range 2.05 to 2.55 and a Ca/(P+Si) molar ratio less than 1.66. The hydroxyapatite can be substantially free of carbonate ions. The material has relatively high solubility and is able to release silicon into solution.

Abstract: Provided are a hard tissue restoration material, which is excellent in hard tissue restoration ability, extremely effective in promoting recalcification of dental enamel, and excellent in protection properties and aesthetic properties, and a hard tissue restoration method. The hard tissue restoration material according to the present invention is a biocompatible ceramic film with flexibility and pliability that is obtained, for example, by immersing a substrate, having the biocompatible ceramic film formed thereon, in a solvent, which does not dissolve the biocompatible ceramic but dissolves at least a portion of the substrate, to dissolve or separate the substrate. Also, with the hard tissue restoration method according to the present invention, the hard tissue restoration material according to the present invention is bonded to or wound around a hard tissue defect site.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of crystallizing Yb:C-FAP [Yb3+:Ca5(PO4)3F], by dissolving the Yb:C-FAP in an acidic solution, following by neutralizing the solution. The present invention also provides a method of forming crystalline Yb:C-FAP by dissolving the component ingredients in an acidic solution, followed by forming a supersaturated solution.

Abstract: The invention concerns calcium phosphates in granular form having an x-ray diffraction pattern characteristic of hydroxyapatite and good compressibility and flow properties in direct compression applications. The invention also concerns the method for preparing said granules characterized in that it comprises processing a suspension of brushite dicalcium phosphate having a certain particle-size distribution using a basic solution, and maintaining the pH at not less than 7.0 for a sufficient time interval to enable the transformation of the brushite calcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite calcium phosphate.

Abstract: Methods for preparing a tricalcium phosphate coarse particle composition are provided. Aspects of the methods include converting an initial tricalcium phosphate particulate composition to hydroxyapatite, sintering the resultant hydroxyapatite to produce a second tricalcium phosphate composition and then mechanically manipulating the second tricalcium phosphate composition to produce a tricalcium phosphate coarse particle composition. The subject methods and compositions produced thereby find use in a variety of applications.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one metal cation source, (2) at least one phosphate anion source, (3) at least one organic base comprising at least one organic moiety comprising at least about five carbon atoms, and (4) at least one organosilane comprising at least one organic moiety comprising at least about six carbon atoms; and (b) allowing the metal cation source and the phosphate anion source to react in the presence of the organic base and the organosilane (for example, to form surface-modified metal phosphate nanoparticles).

Abstract: A method for preparing nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles by combining an amount of a calcium ion source, which includes calcium acetate, and an amount of a phosphate ion source, wherein the amounts are sufficient to produce nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles and the amounts are combined under ambient conditions to produce the hydroxyapatite particles. Nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles are also presented.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing hydroxyapatite nanorods, having high purity, high crystallinity and high aspect ratio is disclosed here. In one embodiment, high crystalline hydroxyapatite nanorods with relatively stoichiometric structure are prepared via hydrothermal method at 200° C. and under moderate acidic conditions. The synthesized hydroxyapatite nanorods have a diameter of 30-95 nm, a length of 850-1400 nm with an average aspect ratio of 24, degree of crystallinity of 73% and stoichiometry ratio of 1.69. Further it discloses the use of HAp in dental adhesive. The dental adhesive comprising synthesized HAp shows improved diametral tensile strength and high microshear bond strength. Energy dispersive X-ray mapping confirmed the uniform distribution of nanorods in the adhesive matrix. The synthesized hydroxyapatite nanorods have high colloidal stability in the dental adhesive solution.

Abstract: According to a first aspect, hydrolysis of a protein-containing raw material and separation of amino acids/peptides is carried out, wherein the hydrolysis is effected by using the endogenous enzymes of the protein-containing raw material. The hydrolysate is passed through a membrane filter, wherein peptide/amino acids follow a permeate stream, whilst the active enzymes continuously break down any protein residues that are deposited on the membrane surface. The enzymes are passed together with retentate back to the hydrolysis. Furthermore, an amino acid and peptide product and an oil product are described and the use thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides that powder is mainly constituted from secondary particles of hydroxyapatite. The secondary particles are obtained by drying a slurry containing primary particles of hydroxyapatite and aggregates thereof and granulating the primary particles and the aggregates. A bulk density of the powder is 0.65 g/mL or more and a specific surface area of the secondary particles is 70 m2/g or more. The powder of the present invention has high strength and is capable of exhibiting superior adsorption capability when it is used for an adsorbent an adsorption apparatus has.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxylapatite material, for the production of which a nanoscale hydroxylapatite paste is subjected to a thermal treatment.

Abstract: Phosphorus-calcium-strontium compound of formula (I); method for preparing same; composition for the extemporaneous preparation of a cement comprising a solid phase (SP) and a liquid phase (LP), wherein the solid phase comprises a mixture of inorganic compounds of formula (II); use as an endodontic cement.

Abstract: Methods for preparing a tricalcium phosphate coarse particle composition are provided. Aspects of the methods include converting an initial tricalcium phosphate particulate composition to hydroxyapatite, sintering the resultant hydroxyapatite to produce a second tricalcium phosphate composition and then mechanically manipulating the second tricalcium phosphate composition to produce a tricalcium phosphate coarse particle composition. The subject methods and compositions produced thereby find use in a variety of applications.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods of manufacturing calcium phosphate particles. In particular, the method is directed at eliminating the requirement for a sintering step in the manufacturing process. The method involves the atomization and combustion of one or more antecedent compositions containing calcium precursors, phosphorus precursors and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Catalytic processes to produce a reaction product comprising 1-butanol by contacting a reactant comprising ethanol with a catalyst composition under suitable reaction conditions are provided. The catalyst composition may comprise a hydroxyapatite of the Formula (MwM?xM?yM??z)5(PO4)3(OH), wherein M is Mg; M? is Ca; M? is Sr; M?? is Ba; w is any number between 0 and 1 inclusive; x is any number from 0 to less than 0.5; y is any number between 0 and 1 inclusive; z is any number between 0 and 1 inclusive; and w+x+y+z=1. Base-treated catalyst compositions may be used. Also provided are processes for contacting an initial catalyst composition comprising the hydroxyapatite with a base to produce a base-treated catalyst composition, and the base-treated catalyst compositions so obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing a vanadium, phosphorus, and oxygen comprising catalyst precursor for preparing maleic anhydride by heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase oxidation of a hydrocarbon having at least four carbon atoms, which comprises (a) reacting vanadium pentoxide with 102% to 110% strength phosphoric acid in the presence of isobutanol and optionally of a primary or secondary, noncyclic or cyclic, unbranched or branched, saturated alcohol having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in a temperature range from 80 to 160° C.; (b) isolating the precipitate formed; (c) (i) drying the isolated precipitate down to a residual isobutanol content of less than 5% by weight; (ii) then passing a gas which in addition to one or more inert gases comprises 0.1% to 9% by volume of oxygen through the dried precipitate, directly or after isolation, in the temperature range from 130° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: A hydroxyapatite ceramic hybrid material, which includes a biodegradable polymer included in the pores in a hydroxyapatite ceramic structure, and a method thereof, and a calcium phosphate porous body, which is formed by an intertwining of fibrous calcium phosphates and includes a plurality of first pores formed where the fibrous calcium phosphates interconnect and plurality of equal diameter substantially spherical second pores with a larger inside diameter than the first pores, and a method thereof are provided.

Abstract: A collagen production enhancer for increasing the amount of collagen contained in the skin tissues, comprising calcium phosphate fine particles as effective ingredients.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for stabilizing fine particles of calcium phosphates without lowering their solid phase forming activity. It is possible to stabilize the fine particles of calcium phosphates by stopping the growth of the fine particles formed in an aqueous solution supersaturated with respect to calcium phosphates. More specifically, the fine particles of calcium phosphates were stabilized by lowering the inorganic ion concentration of a fine-particle-forming solution containing fine particles of calcium phosphates by dialysis, ion exchange, dilution, or the like, or by separating the fine particles of calcium phosphates from the fine-particle-forming solution by filtration, centrifuging, or the like.

Abstract: Methods for synthesis of nanocrystalline apatites are presented, as well as a series of specific reaction parameters that can be adjusted to tailor, in specific ways, properties in the recovered product. Particulate apatite compositions having average crystal size of less than 150 nm are provided. Products also can have a surface area of at least 40 m2/g and can be of high density. Hydroxy apatite material is investigated in particular detail. Compositions of the invention can be used as prosthetic implants and coatings for prosthetic implants.