Abstract: A decorative mirror having a reflective silver layer deposited on a transparent sheet. A substance which reacts with silver is applied to the silver layer to create randomly distributed areas containing reaction products including non-metallic silver where the visible light reflectance of the mirror is modified or interrupted. In order to manufacture the mirror, a transparent sheet is wetted with a silvering solution to form a reflective silver layer, and while the sheet is still wet with the silvering solution the sheet is contacted with randomly distributed droplets of a solution of a substance which reacts with silver, the two solutions being made up using different solvents. The substance which reacts with silver may be a tin compound in an alcoholic solution, the silvering being effected with an aqueous solution. The silver layer whose reflective properties have been modified may be overcoated with a second silver layer, and the whole protected with further layers, for example of copper and paint.

Abstract: A new chemical method of forming thin ceramic films has been developed. An aqueous solution of metal nitrates or other soluble metal salts and a low molecular weight amino acid is coated onto a substrate and pyrolyzed. The amino acid serves to prevent precipitation of individual solution components, forming a very viscous, glass-like material as excess water is evaporated. Using metal nitrates and glycine, the method has been demonstrated for zirconia with various levels of yttria stabilization, for lanthanum-strontium chromites, and for yttrium-barium-copper oxide superconductors on various substrates.

Abstract: Flat glass is disclosed, bearing a tin oxide coating layer which is at least 200 nm in thickness. In order to promote a uniform visual appearance across the coated area, the expected grain area of a representative sample of the tin oxide coating crystals measured in units of 10.sup.-4 .mu.m.sup.2 is numerically equal to a value of at least 0.4 times the layer thickness measured in nanometers.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate, preferably of glass, with a pyrolyzed transparent, electroconductive layer. The coating is comprised of indium formate, optionally mixed with a powdered or gaseous tin compound or a gaseous organotin compound. The coating layer is deposited upon a hot substrate whereupon it pyrolytically decomposes, forming a layer which is subsequently heat treated in a reducing or an oxidizing atmosphere to optionally enhance the low emissivity and low resistivity of the coating or reduce said low emissivity and low resistivity properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to the process and apparatus coating of a substrate, particularly a glass ribbon, with a pulverulent product. The invention proposes the implementation of a distribution nozzle (10, 24) that sprays the pulverulent product in suspension in a gas, and a suction device (14) for evacuating the resultant waste of the decomposition of the pulverulent product from a coating zone (Z). The invention concerns the formation of at least one to extend the residence time of the pulverulent product in the coating zone to facilitate its deposit on the substrate. The invention also concerns the production of substrates, particularly glazings, coated with metal oxides.

Abstract: Production of a safety pane comprising a sheet of glass and a polyurethane-based layer having energy-absorbent properties. The polyurethane-based layer having energy-absorbent properties is formed directly on the sheet of glass by reactive spraying of a reactive mixture of an isocyanate component having a viscosity under 5000 centipoises at 40 degrees C. and a polyalcohol component, with the isocyanate component containing at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, or a prepolymer of these isocyanates, with the polyalcohol component containing at least one long difunctional polyalcohol having a molecular mass between 500 and 4000 and at least one short diol as a chain extending agent.

Abstract: A method for preparing dibutyl tin difluoride which comprises reacting dibutyl tin chloride and ammonium fluoride to form dibutyl tin difluoride; dissolving the dibutyl tin difluoride in an appropriate solvent to form a solution; adding a refractory powder having a predetermined particle size to the solution to act as a recrystallization initiator; rapidly cooling the solution to recrystallize the dibutyl tin difluoride; washing the recrystallized dibutyl tin difluoride at least once with a suitable solvent; and recovering a final dibutyl tin difluoride product having spherical grains averaging 15-25 microns in size which are free of alkaline-earth and alkali impurities. The products produced by this process.

Abstract: A process for coating a transparent article of high optical quality, which comprises spraying a polymerizable reaction mixture of reaction components on the transparent article to form a homogenous coating layer of high optical quality, wherein the mixture of reaction components is sprayed by high-speed centrifugal spraying; and polymerizing the resultant coating layer.

Abstract: Improved nebulizable coating compositions for making high quality, fluorine-doped tin oxide coatings having a low sheet resistance and high visible light transmission includes a mixture of less than 95 wt. % of monobutyltin trichloride, less than 50 wt. % of an inorganic fluorine dopant, which is ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride or dibutyltin difluoride, and the rest is a mixture of solvents.

Abstract: A process for formation of tin oxide film is described, wherein a glass substrate is heated to a high temperature and then tin oxide film is formed on the surface of said substrate by a thermal decomposition oxidation reaction caused by bringing a tin compound or a mixture of a tin compound and a fluorine-containing compound into contact with the surface of said glass substrate, and wherein prior to the formation of tin oxide film, said glass substrate is preliminarily brought into contact with a solution of chloride of a metal belonging to Group IVB of the Periodic Table so that a layer of a composition containing the chloride of the Group IVB metal as the primary component is formed on the surface of said substrate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing a coating from a turbulent gaseous stream of a powder coating reactant delivered to a substrate surface through a slot-shaped nozzle.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a new article of manufacture. The article includes a glass substrate and an adherent coating on the glass substrate of a gray color. The coating on the glass substrate has a composition selected from the group of glass coating compositions consisting essentially of oxides of cobalt, manganese, and copper, wherein the metal content of the metal oxide composition contains 45-60% by weight of cobalt, 26-39% by weight of manganese, and 12-20% by weight of copper. The actual weight percent of each metal is adjusted so that all metals are within their stated ranges when providing a total of 100% by weight metal. The coated glass substrate can be made into a product which has particular utility as a tinted architectural or a tinted automotive glass product.

Abstract: A method and kit for glare control and improvement of image transmission through a reflective-transmissive surface comprising surface irregularities to control glare. A dispersion of particles is applied to the surface and allowed to dry. Then an inert fluid coating is applied to the surface to enhance clarity. A liquid dispersion comprising a flattening agent is applied to the surface and allowed to dry so that the particles and flattening agent form a transparent glare-reducing coating. An inert fluid coating is applied to sufficient thickness to remove some, but not all, of the surface irregularities created by the glare reducing coating. A method of formulating the liquid dispersion is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved liquid coating composition for producing high quality, high performance fluorine-doped tin oxide coatings by chemical vapor deposition includes the reaction product of a reactive fluorine dopant compound and an organotin compound, preferably 1-30 wt. % of the fluorine dopant and 70-99 wt. % of the organotin compound. The preferred liquid coating composition includes the reaction product of trifluoroacetic acid and monobutyltin trichloride.

Abstract: Infra red reflecting fluorine-containing tin oxide coatings are applied to glass using a solid chlorine-containing volatile inorganic tin (IV) compound optionally containing fluorine. The inorganic tin (IV) compound is suspended in carrier gas. When that compound is fluorine free, the suspension is directed on to the hot glass surface in the presence of a separate source of fluorine which may be an organic tin compound. When the inorganic tin (IV) compound contains fluorine, the suspension is directed on to the hot glass surface in the presence of an organic tin compound which may contain fluorine. Examples of the inorganic tin (IV) compounds which may be used are ammonium hexahalostannates of the formula (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SnHal.sub.6 wherein Hal represents halogen, being either chlorine, or a minor atomic proportion of fluorine and the balance chlorine.

Abstract: This specification is directed to a method of improving the conductivity and lowering the emissivity of a doped tin oxide film on the surface of a soda lime silica glass sheet. The method includes the steps of heating the glass sheet to a temperature in a range from 1000.degree. F. to 1250.degree. F. Thereafter, a fluorine-containing compound is applied to a surface of the heated glass sheet to react therewith to form a film in which divalent oxygen atoms and hydroxyl ions on the surface of the glass sheet are replaced with monovalent fluorine atoms. In this manner, the surface of the glass sheet is brought closer to a state of electro-neutrality and the monovalent fluorine atoms form a more stable bond with soda and silica atoms of the surface of the glass sheet. Thereafter, a doped tin oxide film is applied to the film formed on the heated glass sheet to a thickness required to give the doped tin oxide film the desired conductivity and emissivity characteristics.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing metal containing films using relatively water-insoluble coating reactants by dispersing said coating reactants in ultrafine powder form into an aqueous medium containing a wetting agent to form an aqueous chemical suspension.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing metal-containing films using relatively water-insoluble coating reactants by dispersing said coating reactants in powder form into an aqueous medium with vigorous agitation to form an aqueous physical suspension.

Abstract: An improved process for coating the surface of a transparent refractory material such as glass with a semi-reflective film of tin oxide by depositing finely divided particles of a pyrolytically decomposable organotin compound on the surface of a substrate which has been heated to a temperature of between about 400.degree. and 650.degree. C. The finely divided organotin compound has a particle size not greater than about 20 microns. Before deposition, the organotin compound is mixed with a predetermined amount of finely divided particles of a compound containing a halogen constituent. Deposition is accomplished by suspending the mixture of both compounds in an anhydrous carrier gas which is projected onto the surface of the substrate. In an alternative process, a single compound containing both tin and halogen constituents is projected onto the surface of the pre-heated substrate by means of the anhydrous carrier gas.

Abstract: The method of producing transparent and conductive tin oxide, which comprised the steps of(a) providing a phosphorous fluoride or a non-matallic halocarbon where the halogen consists of fluorine;(b) providing an organotin compound; and(c) applying the combination of said fluoride or said halocarbon and said organotin compound to a substrate in an oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: An antireflective coating and a process for producing the same are described. This antireflective coating has the difference in refractive index between the glass interface and the outer surface of the antireflected coating of 0.15 or less. This antireflective coating can be formed by treating a glass with an aqueous solution containing specified amounts of an acidic salt, Al.sup.3+ and Si.sup.4+. The antireflective coating has a high mechanical strength and optical elements having such an antireflective coating are useful for use in the laser nuclear fusion system.

Abstract: The present invention provides curable silicone compositions, comprising:(a) a substantially linear olefinic group-containing polydiorganosiloxane;(b) a resinous olefinic group-containing polysiloxane;(c) a reactive organic monomer;(d) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane, and(e) a hydrosilation catalyst.There are also provided articles of manufacture prepared by coating substrates such as optical fibers with said composition as well as methods for making said curable compositions and articles of manufacture.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate with a thin film of a polymer of predetermined porosity comprises depositing the thin film on the substrate from a non-gelled solution comprising at least one hydrolyzable metal alkoxide of a polymeric network forming cation, water, an alcohol compatible with the hydrolysis and the polymerization of the metal alkoxide, and an acid or a base, prior to depositing the film, controlling the structure of the polymer for a given composition of the solution exclusive of the acid or base component and the water component, (a) by adjusting each of the water content, the pH, and the temperature to obtain the desired concentration of alkoxide, and then adjusting the time of standing of the solution prior to lowering the temperature of the solution, and (b) lowering the temperature of the solution after the time of standing to about 15 degrees C.

Abstract: A process for producing an aerosol stream, which is conducted through an essentially aerosol-free vapor and/or gas stream to prevent undesirable precipitation of particles contained in the aerosol stream, is augmented by additionally employing thermophoresis. For this purpose, the vapor and/or gas stream is heated to a temperature which is higher than the temperature of the aerosol stream. Thermophoresis then causes the particles to be held within the aerosol stream.

Abstract: A method for the orientation of a liquid crystalline substance with respect to a substrate to which the substance is to be applied, the method comprising treating the surface of the substrate prior to application of the substance with a solution of at least one steroid, or at least one porphyrin dyestuff or both.

Abstract: A method for producing a directed aerosol stream from gaseous and/or vapor phase reactants by conveying the gaseous and/or vapor phase reactants including vaporous silicon tetrachloride, water vapor, and at least one vaporous, fluorine-containing hydrocarbon to a reaction site; reacting the reactants at the reaction site in a flame-free chemical reaction to produce an aerosol composition constituted of solid silicon dioxide particles which include silicon dioxide doped with fluorine, whereby the optical index of refraction of the solid silicon dioxide particles is reduced; and causing the aerosol composition to flow as an aerosol stream from the reaction site and immediately surrounding the aerosol stream with a moving, essentially aerosol-free, gas and/or vapor stream to form a directed aerosol stream enveloped in the aerosol-free stream.

Abstract: A method of controlling light transmission through a reflective/transmissive surface by first creating surface irregularities having an anti-glare effect and then applying an inert liquid coating sufficiently thick to remove at least some, but not all, of the anti-glare effect. The surface irregularities are created by applying a dispersion and allowing it to dry to form a coating that reduces reflected glare at the surface. The dispersion is a dispersion of polyvinyl acetate particulates and water or acrylic particulates and water; alternatively, the dispersion comprises a matte varnish comprising an aqueous dispersion of an acrylic resin, and an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate.

Abstract: An aromatic condensation polyimide film that is approximately 90% transparent at 500 nm, useful for thermal protective coatings and the like and the process for preparing same are disclosed. An essential feature of the invention for achieving maximum optical transparency films requires utilizing recrystallized and/or sublimated specific aromatic diamines and dianhydride monomers and introducing bulky electron-withdrawing groups and separator groups into the polymer molecular structure. The incorporation of bulky electron-withdrawing groups in the diamine portion of the polymer structure serves to reduce the formation of inter-chain and intra-chain charge transfer complexes which normally cause large absorptions in the UV-visible range. Incorporation of separator atoms into either the diamine or dianhydride monomers serves to reduce the amount of conjugation and inter-and intra-chain electronic interactions and thereby lessen charge transfer complex formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a directed aerosol stream by a flame free reaction which is conducted while enveloped within an aerosol free gas and/or vapor stream. It is particularly suitable for use in coating systems, as it permits economical coating without so-called wall deposits.

Abstract: Solid tin (IV) compounds, free from carbon-tin bonds, and containing both chlorine and fluorine are used to apply infra red reflecting fluorine containing tin oxide coatings to glass. Examples of the tin compounds that may be used are ammonium hexahalostannates of the formula (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SnHal.sub.6 wherein Hal represents halogen, and a minor atomic proportion of the halogen present is fluorine and the balance is chlorine. The tin compounds are dispersed in finely divided form in a carrier gas, and the suspension of the tin compound in the carrier gas is directed on to a hot glass surface to be coated.

Abstract: A method as disclosed for preventing the formation of Newton ring light patterns between a transparency or photographic negative and a transparent mounting surface such as a sheet of glass. The method comprises the application of a thin film of a substantially transparent resin to form a matte surface finish on the surface of the transparency to be applied against the mounting surface and then mounting the transparency or equivalent to the mounting surface with the resin film interposed therebetween, such that the matte resin film serves as a spacer and also reduces reflection of light between the transparency surface and the mounting surface.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method of making an infrared reflective glass sheet. The method has the following steps. The glass sheet formed of soda/lime silica glass is selected. The glass sheet is heated to a temperature in a range from 900.degree. to 1100.degree. F. If desired, the sheet glass selected may be selected at the time it is being manufactured in a glass manufacturing operation and it would have upon leaving a process such as a float process a temperature in a range of 900.degree. to 1100.degree. F. An organic/tin ion-containing, chlorine-free compound is applied to a surface of the glass sheet. Application of this compound forms a tin oxide seal coating having a columnar grain microstructure on the surface of the glass sheet. A coating of tin oxide is applied to the tin oxide seal coating. The coating of tin oxide is formed from the decomposition of butyltin trichloride.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method of making an infrared reflective glass sheet. The method has the following steps. The glass sheet formed of soda/lime silica glass is selected. The glass sheet is heated to a temperature in a range from 900.degree. to 1100.degree. F. If desired, the sheet glass selected may be selected at the time it is being manufactured in a glass manufacturing operation and it would have upon leaving a process such as a float process a temperature in a range of 900.degree. to 1100.degree. F. An organic/metallic ion-containing, chlorine-free compound is applied to a surface of the glass sheet. Application of this compound forms a metallic oxide seal coating on the surface of the glass sheet. A coating of tin oxide is applied to the metal oxide seal coating. The coating of tin oxide is formed from the decomposition of butyltin trichloride. The glass sheet is cooled to room temperature after application of the metal oxide seal coating and the tin oxide coating thereon.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating optical transmission glass fibers with a resinous composition. A vessel is provided through which a glass fiber is drawn. While it is being drawn through the vessel, the fiber is spun, and a resin coating is applied. In order to maintain the air pressure within the vessel fairly constant, an exhaust vent is provided through which excess particles of the resinous composition may escape. Turbulence is thus substantially reduced preventing the fiber from swinging and allowing the particles to be sprayed smoothly. Further, the particles may be electrically charged so that they are both attracted to the optical fiber and repel one another during flight. The invention employs both of these features to produce a uniform coat on an optical transmission glass fiber.

Abstract: A system is provided for delivering controlled quantities of a steady stream of a fluid to an application zone. The system includes a positive displacement pump for producing uniform pulses of small quantities of said fluid. The pump has a piston housing with an elongated bore extending from a first open end to a position proximate a second closed end and a pumping chamber region at said second end. The pumping chamber is provided with a pumping fluid inlet and a pumping fluid outlet. A reciprocating and rotating piston, is positioned for rotational and reciprocating motion within said elongated bore of said piston housing, from a first position in which said piston substantially occupies the space within said pumping chamber and displaces pumping fluid from said pumping chamber to a second position in which said piston is substantially removed from said pumping chamber and draws pumping fluid into said chamber.

Abstract: To produce a heat-reflecting glass plate by coating a glass plate surface with a titanium oxide film, a solution of a thermally decomposable organic titanium compound is sprayed onto the glass plate surface while the glass plate is kept heated. As the improvement, use is made of a chelate compound of titanium formed by coordination of two molecules of either acetylacetone or ethyl acetoacetate as chelate ligands and two molecules of a polyalcohol as nonchelate ligands to a titanium atom. Preferably the polyalcohol is a 1,3-diol, and particularly 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane diol. This chelate compound is not easily influenced by moisture and gives a titanium oxide coating film of superior quality.

Abstract: Process for producing an optical component, particularly a metal reflector. A glass prism is sprayed with several coatings of a metal alloy. The spray jet is guided in such a way that uniform coating thicknesses are obtained. The resulting sprayed part is removed from the glass prism and the surface formed against the prism is used as a metal reflector. Additional coatings can also be applied after removal to improve reflectance characteristics.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method of obtaining coated glass articles having a desired shading coefficient with the most economical thickness of coating composition applied thereto. The method taught is characterized by the following steps. A plurality of glass samples are coated with a selected coating composition. This coating operation is carried on the various glass samples in a manner such that the glass samples have different coating thicknesses of the selected coating composition. The thickness of the coating composition on each glass sample, along with the resulting shading coefficient, is measured. The correlation is made between the thickness of coating and the resulting shading coefficient. The correlation is one which will define two separate functions interconnected by a transition point. A first function (1) is one in which the shading coefficient decreases with increasing coating thickness.

Abstract: This specification discloses a method of forming a high performance reflective film on a glass sheet. The glass sheet is one which is at a temperature sufficiently high to pyrolyze an organic based, metal containing glass coating composition coming into contact therewith. An organic based, heated pyrolyzable, dual metal containing glass coating composition is directed against a surface of the heated glass sheet. The dual metals in this coating composition are cobalt and iron. The dual metals are present in the coating composition by weight percentage of dual metals in a range from 97% cobalt/3% iron to 90% cobalt/10% iron, preferably 96% cobalt/4% iron to 92% cobalt/8% iron, and most preferably 95% cobalt/5% iron to 93% cobalt/7% iron.

Abstract: A process for producing a molded article of an aromatic polycarbonate having a heat-cured surface layer, which comprises(1) coating an aromatic polycarbonate article pretreated with a solution of an amino alcohol in a non-solvent for the aromatic polycarbonate, with a heat-curable film-forming liquid composition consisting of a solution, in a non-solvent for the aromatic polycarbonate, of (A) 100 parts by weight of methyletherified methylolmelamine, (B) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a short-chain glycol having 2 to 8 main-chain atoms between the two hydroxyl groups and represented by the following formulaHO--R.sup.1 O--.sub.m H . . . (1),(C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a long-chain glycol having at least 11 main-chain atoms between the two hydroxyl groups and represented by the following formulaHO--R.sup.2 O--.sub.n H . . .

Abstract: Actinic radiation curable coating compositions are provided applicable to many substrates comprising a pentaerythritol-based polyacrylate or polymethacrylate such as pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, a cellulose ester such as cellulose acetate butyrate and a photoinitiator. The compounds are preferably applied to the substrate by spraying a solution of the composition in one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of lower alcohols and ester, ketones having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms and lower alkyl Cellosolves, and removing the solvents.Upon curing in air the compositions form extremely abrasion resistant coatings on the substrate and are also characterized by being scratch resistant and resistant to attack by chemical and organic solvents.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing a coating from a gaseous stream of a powder coating reactant, wherein the carrier gas is supplied at a high volume rate (at least 100 cubic ft./min) and low pressure (not greater than one psi).

Abstract: A method of placing a metal oxide film on a surface of a heated glass substrate (16) is disclosed. The glass substrate is one which is being moved in a selected direction from a glass manufacturing process (20) and is one which would have a temperature in a range from 700.degree.-1200.degree. F. (370.degree.-650.degree. C.). The method is accomplished by spraying a heat decomposable, organic based metal salt onto the glass ribbon. The spray powder is delivered by means of a gaseous stream to a location spaced above the moving substrate. The spray powder is then accelerated from the location spaced above the moving glass substrate. The acceleration is accomplished by entraining the spray powder in a high velocity stream of air. The accelerated spray powder is directed downwardly toward the moving glass substrate and longitudinally along the selected direction of movement of the glass substrate.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for developing a coating film on a surface of a sheet of glass. Generally the sheet of glass is heated to a temperature in the range of 510.degree.-625.degree. C. The process is characterized by the step of engaging the surface of the heated glass sheet with a powder spray composition. The powder spray composition comprises a plurality of hollow, generally spherical particles. Each of the particles is formed from heat decomposable, organo-metallic salts of at least two metals. Preferred teachings indicate that the organo-metallic salts are salts of cobalt, iron and chromium.

Abstract: To obtain the desired light-intensity distribution in lighthouses for exposing color-picture-tube screens, use is made of light filters. The filter disclosed is obtained by spraying droplets of an opaque paint onto a suitable transparent support.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for obtaining a preferred multi-component metallic oxide coating on the surface of a glass substrate by pyrolytic coating techniques. In a pyrolytic coating technique, a heat decomposable, non-homogeneous, dry powder mixture of organic based metallic salts is sprayed against the surface of the glass substrate while the surface is at a temperature in the range from 700.degree. F. (370.degree. C.) to 1200.degree. F. (650.degree. C.). In accordance with the general teachings of this specification, the methods are initiated by selecting a preferred composition for the metallic oxide coating to be developed on the surface of the substrate. Different spraying compositions under a single set of spraying conditions or a single spray composition under different sets of spraying conditions are applied to test substrates to develop test specimens.

Abstract: A nickel layer is prepared by applying a nickel salt and a reducing agent for reducing said nickel salt, on a substrate and reducing said nickel salt by a chemical reaction. The chemical reduction is carried out in the presence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine, and imidazole.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for silvering glass at higher than normal deposition efficiencies by premixing a silver solution, a caustic solution and a reducing solution and immediately spraying the mixture onto a glass to be coated through a large orifice spray nozzle. The spray nozzle is one which provides an orifice large enough to pass the total volume of mixtures required for silvering through a single opening with a defined spray pattern, preferably in the form of a conical spray.

Abstract: In the formation of a metal or metal compound coating on a face of a heated glass substrate during its forward displacement by contacting such face at a coating station with at least one stream of droplets comprising one or more substances from which the coating is formed, problems are encountered in controlling the thickness of the coating.To facilitate such control, the or each droplet stream (21) is downwardly inclined towards the substrate (4) in the forward (6) direction or in a rearward direction, and at least one current (25) of preheated gas is discharged into the environment above the substrate (4) to flow in the same forward or rearward direction as the droplet stream(s) (21) and into contact therewith, the preheated gas current temperature being such as to influence the temperature of the droplets on their way to the substrate.The invention includes apparatus for performing the method.

Abstract: In the formation of a metal or metal compound coating on a face of a heated glass substrate during its forward displacement by contacting such face, at a coating station with at least one stream of droplets comprising one or more substances from which said coating is formed there is a problem in forming uniform high quality coatings which are free from structural defects.To help reduce this problem, the stream(s) of droplets (e.g. from spray gun 20) is or are repeatedly displaced along a transverse path (defined by guide 15) across the substrate (4), and gas is propelled (e.g. from discharge nozzles 24) unidirectionally forwardly or rearwardly across said transverse path, out of line with the droplet stream(s).