Abstract: A lubricant is chemically bonded to an information carrying solid surface by contacting the surface with a diazoketone-terminated polymeric lubricant and decomposing said diazoketone-terminated polymeric lubricant to form a carbene which reacts with the solid surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin net by a polycondensation reaction is disclosed. One of the reactants is deposited upon a template and subsequently the second reactant is also deposited on the template. An embossed structure is obtained which can then be biaxially oriented to form a net sheet if desired.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for generating electric power in response to the rise and fall of tidal water. The system comprises a movable container which is mounted on a float to move up with the tide with reference to a coaxially enclosed fixed plunger, which comprises and forces a body of liquid in the movable container to overflow into a first trough adjacent its upper end. The movable container is rigidly coupled to a movable plunger which depends coaxially into a fixed container, the plunger moving down with the tide to compress a body of liquid in the fixed container, causing it to overflow into a second trough adjacent its upper end. The two troughs are interconnected vertically through a gravity flow system, including a turbine which is constantly operated by the liquid falling from one or the other of the troughs, as the tide rises and falls. One embodiment comprises two fixed containers with movable plungers and two movable containers with fixed plungers.

Abstract: Novel, improved adhesive compositions curable at ambient temperature to form adhesive bonds between opaque, impervious, substrates without external application of heat, light or other radiation. The adhesive compositions of this invention comprise one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, a source of free radicals, and an activator comprising an azine dye material or the reaction product of an azine dye material with a reducing agent.

Abstract: A decorative simulated ceramic tile comprises a substrate having a surface coated with an under-coat effective to provide a colored, printable base; an inked layer comprising a layer of colored ink lines of a silicone-containing drying ink forming a printed pattern on said printable base, said printed pattern being clearly visible; and a coloring pigment-containing top coat of a hard resinous, film-forming material; said top coat having a variable height thickness defining a contour of valleys, hills and plains, wherein the intensity of color in the top coat varies with the variation in the contour, the said valleys occurring over said ink lines such that the color of the ink is not obscured, and the hills lying adjacent said ink lines, said color in the top coat providing a contrast with the color in the under-coat and with the color in the printed pattern.

Abstract: The disclosed adhesive products include a carrier sheet bearing a polymeric film and an adhesive layer, overlying the film as in dry transfers or underlying the film in products such as wire markers and other labels, or there may be adhesive layers both over and underneath the polymeric film. A constituent initially contained in the polymeric film layer migrates into an ordinarily non-tacky precursor of the adhesive layer, thereby rendering the precursor tacky. The precursor layer becomes adhesive only where it is opposite the polymeric film, being non-tacky outside the area of the film. In important applications, the common area of film and adhesive layers does not cover the whole carrier sheet. Both the adhesive precursor layer and the polymeric film may include portions extending outside the common area.

Abstract: For record carrier material, the front and the back sides of which are provided with a lacquer layer and the front side of which is coated with an aluminum layer, one of the two lacquer layers is admixed with a material, such as metal azide, which forms a metal radical suitable for reacting with fatty acids, while at least one of the lacquer layers is admixed with a fatty acid or a mixture of fatty acids.

Abstract: A humidity sensor as well as a humidity detection circuit are disclosed, the former employing a humidity sensitive material the electric resistance of which varies in response to the variance of humidity in an atmosphere and the latter employing such humidity sensitive material. The humidity sensor comprises a base plate made of alumina or the like with a humidity sensitive material formed on the base plate so as to form a film of a high molecular polymer unit which contains a reactive cationic monomer unit, is capable of detecting humidity over a wide range, shows little variance in nature in a high humidity atmosphere of organic gas, and has a long life. The humidity detection circuit comprises an oscillation circuit, a pair of electrodes which are connected by means of the humidity snesor and to one of which is supplied the output of the oscillation circuit as an input, and an amplifier circuit which is connected to the other one of the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: To reduce scratches on the aluminum-covered front surface of a record carrier substrate having a back surface covered with a nitrocellulose lacquer, 0.1 to 2 percent by weight of a fatty acid, as referred to the weight of the wet lacquer, is added to the last applied layer of lacquer. When the record carrier is wound into a roll, the aluminum layer contacts and reacts with the fatty acid forming a sliding layer.

Abstract: A decorative simulated ceramic tile comprises a substrate having a surface coated with an under-coat effective to provide a colored, printable base; an inked layer comprising a layer of colored ink lines of a silicone-containing drying ink forming a printed pattern on said printable base, said printed pattern being clearly visible; and a coloring pigment-containing top coat of a hard resinous, film-forming material; said top coat having a variable height thickness defining a contour of valleys, hills and plains, wherein the intensity of color in the top coat varies with the variation in the contour, the said valleys occurring over said ink lines such that the color of the ink is not obscured, and the hills lying adjacent said ink lines, said color in the top coat providing a contrast with the color in the under-coat and with the color in the printed pattern.

Abstract: A method of improving the bond between dissimilar polymeric materials, such as, for example, a vinyl resin material and a polyurethane or acrylated polyurethane resin material, which comprises: including in the vinyl resin material an acrylate or an acrylated urethane; providing in the polyurethane or acrylated polyurethane resin material an organic peroxide or other UV or thermal activated free radical initiators; bringing the vinyl resin material and the polyurethane or acrylated polyurethane resin material into contact; and exposing the vinyl resin material and the polyurethane or acrylated polyurethane resin material, while in contact, to curing conditions in the presence of said organic peroxide or other UV or thermal activated free radical initiators, whereby there is sufficient chemical interreaction between these resin materials as to create a strong and permanent primary chemical bond therebetween, in addition to any secondary bonds, such as hydrogen bonds and/or van der Waals forces.

Abstract: An FRP molding can be in-mold coated using a one-component peroxide initiated composition of (a) a liquid crosslinkable composition having an average molecular weight of up to about 5,000, having a plurality of polymerizable ethylenic double bonds, being essentially free of active hydrogen atoms or being essentially free of isocyanate groups and (b) a material selected from the group consisting of (I) a polyisocyanate and (II) the reaction product of an excess of equivalents of a polyisocyanate and an ethylenically unsaturated compound having --NH.sub.2, --NH-- and/or OH groups, said reaction product being free of active hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preventing stress corrosion cracking or metal embrittlement of a zirconium or zirconium alloy container that is to be coated on the inside surface with a layer of a metal such as copper, a copper alloy, nickel, or iron and used for holding nuclear fuel material as a nuclear fuel element. The zirconium material is etched in an etchant solution, desmutted mechanically or ultrasonically, oxidized to form an oxide coating on the zirconium, cleaned in an aqueous alkaline cleaning solution, activated for electroless deposition of a metal layer and contacted with an electroless metal plating solution. This method provides a boundary layer of zirconium oxide between the zirconium container and the metal layer.

Abstract: A reference element for ion-selective membrane electrodes is prepared by coating portions of a layer of silver with a composition comprising a metal salt electrolyte, a hydrophilic binder and a membrane of the group consisting of an oxidizing agent and a silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: A method of selectively depositing a metal on a surface of a substrate is disclosed. A suitable substrate is selected and a surface is treated with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of (a) hydrazine, (b) a substituted hydrazine having the structural formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy and heterocyclic radicals and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the hydrogen radical or are the same as R.sub.1, and (c) a mixture of the foregoing. The reducing agent treated surface is selectively exposed to a source of ultraviolet radiation to render a selected area thereof incapable of reducing an activating metal species and to delineate an unexposed area so capable. The selectively radiation-exposed surface is treated with an activating metal species to activate the delineated, unexposed area.

Abstract: A process for the coating of glass surfaces with a transparent, duroplastic protective layer of more than 50 microns which comprises first treating the clean glass surface with an aqueous or alcoholic silane skim coat, drying the treated surface and then coating the dry surface with a paste of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates or mixtures thereof or the reaction products with water in the mole ratio of 2:.ltoreq.1 and a mixture of hydroxy-group-containing compounds consisting of40-80 wt. %, trifunctional, hydroxy-group-containing polyester polyols made of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof and a mixture of triols, diols or tricarboxylic acids, with an average molecular weight of 300 to 1400,15-50 wt. % bifunctional, hydroxy-group-containing polyester polyols from aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof and diols, with an average molecular weight of 400 to 2000 and, if necessary,2.5-25 wt.

Abstract: A process and composition for treating glass fibers for use as reinforcement of cementitious materials. The glass fibers are first sized with a size composition containing cationic fiber forming organic polymer and then a second coating containing an anionic film-forming organic polymer is applied to the glass fibers whereby the cationic and anionic polymers react to form a thin film on the glass fiber surfaces. The resulting glass fibers have good wetting and dispersibility characteristics for use as reinforcement of cementitious materials.

Abstract: A process for making a photographic product in which a plurality of liquid layers are coated on a base, comprising the steps of coating as the first layer adjacent the base a carrier layer containing a photographic hardener and coating as the second layer adjacent the first layer an isolation layer. The product is completed by coating a plurality of conventional photographic compositions over the first two layers and drying.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device is disclosed, which comprises forming a first polycrystalline silicon film containing an impurity such as phosphorus or boron on the surface of a silicon oxide film, forming an impurity-free second polycrystalline silicon film contiguous to the first polycrystalline silicon film, diffusing the impurity contained in the first polycrystalline silicon film into the second polycrystalline silicon film to form an impurity-containing region, and oxidizing the impurity-containing region to electrically separate the first and second polycrystalline silicon films from each other by the resulting oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminated insulating paper formed of cellulose paper or papers which is adhered to at least one side of cross-linked silicone grafted polyolefine film and to an oil-filled (OF) cable which insulated by the laminated insulating paper. The laminated insulating paper has outstanding peel strength as well as excellent non-solubility and anti-swelling properties in insulating oils.

Abstract: Decorative articles having a three-dimensional patterned surface are formed employing the different surface tension properties of a wet ink printed pattern and a liquid top coat composition; the difference in surface tension is such that the liquid top coat composition retracts from the wet ink pattern; subsequently the ink is dried and the top coat is dried and cured.

Abstract: A composite antistatic coating film comprising a first layer obtained by condensing a hydrolyzed partial condensate of an alkyltrialkoxysilane on the surface of a substrate and a second layer obtained by condensing a hydrolyzate or a hydrolyzed partial condensate of a tetrafunctional silicon compound, a chloropolysiloxane or an alkoxypolysiloxane on the first layer.

Abstract: An article of clothing, particularly a glove, which is highly resistant to chemical warfare agents, comprising a fabric substrate, normally pre-shaped to form the article, which is coated with an inner layer of a resilient elastomer, such as natural rubber, deposited from a latex, which adheres to but does not penetrate the substrate, and then coated with an outer layer of a butyl rubber which may contain an inorganic filler. The fabric substrate provides wearer comfort while the combination of an inner layer having a high vapor retention capacity and an outer layer which is resistant to toxic chemicals in liquid form and has a low vapor permeability, provides a high resistance to toxic chemicals for periods of time not heretofore possible.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite using urea-formaldehyde adhesive is described characterized by treating the lignocellulosic constituents with ammonium-base lignosulfonate prior to pressing to decrease the emission of formaldehyde.

Abstract: The adhesion of inorganic substrates such as glass, silica, clay, alumina, or steel, to organic resins such as polysulfides, polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, or EPDM rubber is improved with the use of compositions comprising from about 5 to 95 weight percent of a component selected from a first group consisting of methacryloxyalkyltrialkoxysilanes, mercaptoalkyltrialkoxysilanes, vinyltrialkoxysilanes, vinyltrihalosilanes, and alkylvinyldihalosilanes wherein each alkyl or alkoxy group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms inclusive, and from about 5 to 95 weight percent of a second component selected from a second group consisting of alkyltrialkoxysilanes, dialkyldialkoxysilanes, trialkylalkoxysilanes, trialkoxysilanes, tetraalkoxysilanes, aryltrialkoxysilanes, alkylaryldialkoxysilanes, and diaryldialkoxysilanes, wherein each aryl group is phenyl or para-tolyl, each alkyl group has 1 to 8 carbon atoms inclusive, and each alkoxy group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms inclusive.

Abstract: A decorative simulated ceramic tile is produced in a method which comprises applying to a flat surface of a non-metallic, porous substrate, an under-coat effective to seal the surface and provide a colored, printable base; printing on the printable base a pattern composed of ink lines of a colored drying ink containing 0.75 to 5% by weight of an organic silicone oil, and allowing the ink to dry; applying to the printable base, a coloring pigment-containing liquid top coat containing from 0.75% to 2.

Abstract: A method for coloring inorganic substrates such as glass beads, glass fibers, mineral wool, rock wool, mineral fiber boards and cloths, concrete molded materials, inorganic pigments and metallic powders, which comprises treating the inorganic substrate with (1) a cationic component comprising(a) a water soluble cationic resin or an aqueous solution of a water soluble cationic resin,(b) an aqueous solution of a water soluble cationic resin and a water soluble cationic dye, or(c) an aqueous dispersion of a water soluble cationic resin, a cationic dispersing agent plus a water insoluble dye or pigment and, optionally, a cationic water soluble dye; andWith (2) an anionic component comprising(d) an aqueous solution of a water soluble anionic dye,(e) an anionic dispersing agent or an aqueous solution of an anionic dispersing agent,(f) an aqueous solution of an anionic dispersing agent and a water soluble anionic dye, or(g) an aqueous dispersion of an anionic dispersing agent plus a water insoluble dye or pigment an

Abstract: An improvement for the flame spray process in which a heat-fusible self-fluxing material is heated in a heating zone to at least heat-softened condition and propelled in such condition out of said zone in finely divided form onto an obscure substrate surface of a base article. An obscure substrate surface may be such that conventional fusing techniques are not suitable for use in final bonding of the flame spray material to the substrate. The invention includes the use of an ordinary commercial soluble silicate solution applied to the coated substrate surface, solidified by furnace fusing, and removed by attrition to provide a base article which may be further processed to predetermined dimensional tolerances.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of composites of organic polyisocyanate plastics and metals. The metals are pretreated with certain adhesion promoters in order to increase adhesion between the metal and the plastic. The pretreated metal sheet or foil is brought into contact with the reaction mixture during the chemical reaction while the plastic is being formed.

Abstract: A process for producing long-lasting corrosion resistant carbon steel razor blades and the products made thereby. The process comprises first coating the cutting edges of the blades with chromium; and then immersing the blades in an electroless coating bath to provide a coating of a nickel-phosphorous, nickel- copper- phosphorous, cobalt-phosphorous or cobalt-nickel-phosphorous coating material on at least the bodies of the blades, the chromium coating preventing beading up of the coating material on the cutting edges of the blades to an extent that would require resharpening of the cutting edges. The blades may thereafter be overcoated with a carboxy-substituted silicone oil composition preferably comprising therein a long chain aliphatic acid, alcohol, amide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: In a device using an impregnated paper with a chemically reactive marker, the device includes a box-like housing having a translucent planar surface with light projected from within the box onto the rear side of the surface. A paper impregnated with an indicator dye resulting in an opaque paper is placed on the surface. Marker pens having substance chemically reactive with the indicator dye are used to mark the paper. The chemical reaction between the marker solution and the coating renders the so-marked areas translucent for passage of light through the paper in the region so-marked. Transparent dyes are utilized in the markers to combine with the color of the indicator dye to form a third color which is a combination of the two colors.

Abstract: A two-layer adhesive coating having a dry, non-tacky surface convertible to a permanently adhesive surface by application of heat. A first co-reactant in an adhesive-containing base layer combines with a second co-reactant applied to the base layer to form a dry, non-tacky barrier layer comprising a molecular complex which dissociates upon heating to form a permanently adhesive surface.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for coating a surface with a aqueous paint composition containing as the primary film-forming components: a synthetic polycarboxylic acid resin as the main binder component; an amino resin as a heat curing cross-linking agent for the polycarboxylic acid resin and a neutralizing agent for neutralizing the acid groups of the polycarboxylic acid resin, is provided. The improvement is applying the aqueous paint composition to the surface as two compositions (A) comprising a synthetic polycarboxylic acid resin having a neutralization degree of 30 to 70% and an amino resin; and (B) comprising a synthetic polycarboxylic acid resin having a neutralication degree 30 to 80% higher than that of the polycarboxylic acid resin of (A) and an amino resin, or (C) a neutralizing agent comprising ammonia or an organic amine.

Abstract: The discoloration of finishes derived from coating compositions containing polyarylene sulfide resin can be significantly reduced by applying to the substrate a citrate, carbonate, sulfate or hydroxide of an alkali metal prior to applying the polyarylene sulfide resin composition.

Abstract: A coating composition consisting essentially of certain heat-stable polymers, colorants, oxidation catalysts, and liquid carrier useful for coating an article to produce a finish which is capable of having a decorative pattern produced within it is provided.

Abstract: A coating composition consisting essentially of certain heat-stable polymers, colorants, antioxidants, and liquid carrier useful for coating an article to produce a finish which is capable of maintaining its hue and having a decorative pattern produced within it is provided.

Abstract: Lead paint can be extremely hazardous when ingested as a result of ionic lead, produced by the action of stomach acids, being subsequently absorbed into the blood stream. According to this invention, it has been found that certain metal salts of the dithiocarbamates of multifunctional amines are effective precipitants for lead ions. When ingested simultaneously with lead paint they precipitate the lead ion in a substantially insoluble and indigestible form and thereby prevent absorption of lead into the blood stream. The preferred compounds are: zinc pentaerythrityl tetrakis (dithiocarbamate), tetrasodium pentaerythrityl tetrakis (dithiocarbamate), disodium ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate), and zinc ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate). These materials can be included in a digestible coating which can be applied over lead based paints to effectively detoxify the lead paint.

Abstract: It is desirable to coat large area, thin sheets of large-grain polycrystalline silicon on an inexpensive ceramic substrate for use in solar cell applications and the like. Such ceramic substrates as are used are chosen from those having thermal expansion coefficients similar to those of silicon. The ceramics meeting these requirements, for example mullite, alumina and zirconia, when brought into contact with molten silicon, however, are not wet by the silicon and no coating takes place. In this invention the method of coating includes the step of carbonizing the surface of such a substrate and then contacting the carbonized surface of the ceramic with the molten silicon, whereupon a large-grain silicon coating is produced wherever the ceramic is carbonized. In this way the ceramic of the type which is not wet by molten silicon can be successfully coated with silicon.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the rapid curing of a partially hydrolyzed silicate film via the application of an aqueous coating. The aqueous coating composition comprises an epoxy resin and a curing agent, one of which is in an emulsion, and a hydraulic cement. Anions contained in the coating function as an alkaline catalyst causing a rapid polymerization of condensed silicates.

Abstract: Application of an actinic radiation curable coating which is essentially solvent free and comprises at least one organic compound having at least two photopolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated groups per molecule to a cushioned vinyl product comprising an expanded vinyl foam and clear vinyl overlay atop a carrier where a decorative pattern is usually present. The coating is fully reacted upon exposure to actinic radiation resulting in a tack-free surface essentially free from imperfections and property weakening voids. The actinic radiation coated cushioned sheet goods has improved stain resistance, gloss retention, scratch and abrasion resistance. The preferred application areas are sheet vinyl floor and wall coverings.

Abstract: A substrate is coated with a polyvinylpyrollidone-polyurethane interpolymer. In the method, a polyisocyanate and a polyurethane in a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone are applied to a substrate and the solvent evaporated. If the substrate is a polyurethane, only the polyisocyanate need be employed. Polyvinylpyrollidone in a solvent is then applied to the treated substrate and the solvent evaporated. The invention is applied, for example, to a tube such as a catheter, a condom and a peristaltic pump tube.

Abstract: A process for improving the adhesion of isocyanate-crosslinked polyester coatings on vulcanized articles of ethylene-.alpha.-olefin-diene terpolymers, characterized in that the vulcanized articles, which contain at least 30 parts by weight of carbon black per 100 parts by weight of the ethylene-.alpha.-olefin-diene terpolymer, are treated with a compound having a functional group reactive with isocyanates and a carbon structure with at least 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Conformable films of abrasion resistant coating materials derived from epoxy-terminated silanes are formed by partially curing the epoxy-terminated silane reaction components to a specific degree. Latent catalyst may be included within the film or subsequently added thereto from an adjacent polymer layer containing additional catalyst.

Abstract: The appearance of a heat-stable polymer coating is enhanced by a process which produces a decorative pattern within a heat-stable polymer coating. The process consists essentially of applying, in a decorative pattern, an oxidation catalyst composition which diffuses into the heat-stable polymer coating composition and renders the pattern visible, upon baking, within the baked coat produced by the coating composition.

Abstract: A method of forming low porosity microcapsule films which comprises chemically or ionically binding a water soluble or water dispersible heterocyclic amine to a microcapsule film forming material, or depositing the heterocyclic amine alone or a water insoluble material formed by reaction with the amine onto the microcapsule film.

Abstract: The appearance of a heat-stable polymer coating is enhanced by a process which produces a decorative pattern within a coating produced by a heat-stable polymer coating composition. The process consists of applying a heat-stable polymer composition as a subsequent coat over or directly under an antioxidant composition and an oxidation catalyst composition which are both arranged in decorative patterns and which diffuse into the heat-stable polymer coating composition and render the patterns visible, upon baking, within the baked coat produced by the coating composition.

Abstract: The appearance of a heat-stable polymer coating is enhanced by a process which produces a decorative pattern within a coating produced by a heat-stable polymer coating composition. The process consists of applying a heat-stable polymer composition as a subsequent coat over or directly under an antioxidant composition which diffuses into the heat-stable polymer coating composition and renders the pattern visible, upon baking, within the baked coat produced by the coating composition.

Abstract: A process is described for the hardening of a protein-aceous layer or layers, more especially of gelatin layers, e.g. gelatin layers in a photographic material, by the application on this layer or layers of a coating composition comprising a low molecular weight, fast-acting, carboxyl group-activating hardening agent in combination with a film-forming, hydrophilic, polymeric, fast-acting hardening agent carrying one or more carboxyl group-activating substituents.

Abstract: A process is provided for bonding otherwise incompatible resin systems to form laminated resinous articles. A first resin layer is coated with a solvated coating which forms a surface solution with the surface of the first layer. Thereafter, a second resin layer is bonded to the coating. The coating contains a butadiene resin, a portion of the resin used in the second layer, and curing agent for the resin. The process is particularly adapted to bonding polyvinyl chloride pipe cores to epoxy-impregnated glass fiber overwrap to form improved laminated plastic pipe.

Abstract: An article, such as a mica wrapped coil, a dynamo-electric machine component containing mica wrapped coils, or a metal substrate, is insulated by: (A) applying wet epoxy resin to the article, (B) contacting the wet epoxy resin with a titanate solution, for a time effective to form a resin impervious, gelled epoxy skin on the surface of the epoxy resin, where the titanate solution consists essentially of organo-titanate and an organic, non-polar solvent, where the weight ratio of organo-titanate:organic non-polar solvent is from 1:2.5 to 1:99, and (C) curing the epoxy resin.