Abstract: A method for coating a paper or board web or the like (7) using a coating mix aerosol generated by means of an ultrasonic atomizer. The output power of a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (15) disposed proximate to a surface of the moving web (7) is passed via a vibrated beam (14) to a coating mix flow (2) flowing proximate to the web (5). Ultrasonic vibrations applied to the coating mix atomize the upper layer of the coating mix flow into an aerosol (11) which is emitted toward the web (7) and adheres thereto.

Abstract: A high voltage generated by a high voltage generator is applied to corona electrodes, and powder supplied from a powder flow passage collides against a diffuser main body while being moved in a vortex by air ejected from a vortex air introduction port and is ejected from a nozzle opening. After the powder is charged by ions generated by corona discharge, it is sprayed to an object to be coated. Free ions generated by the corona discharge are trapped by ion trap electrodes. The adhesion of the powder can be prevented by the ejection of compressed air through a diffuser front portion cover and an outer cylinder cover each composed of a porous member and the ejection of compressed air from a nozzle hole.

Abstract: For the application of a coating material to an object, the coating material is conveyed along a conduit by means of an entraining gas. For good conveying conditions, the entraining gas is made to travel at high velocity. In order that the velocity of the coating material discharged at the coating zone is not excessive, a partial vacuum source extracts part of the entraining gas from a point upstream of the outlet, via a separate conduit. This results both in an improved rate of deposition of the coating material on the object to be coated and in a particularly uniform coating.

Abstract: A powder coating control system comprising a plurality of gun controls associated with a like plurality of powder spray guns. Each of the gun controls stores a plurality of presets spray parameters. Each of the gun controls responds to part identification signals and part position signals to select in real time one of the stored presets of spray parameters and trigger its respective powder spray gun ON and OFF to apply a powder coating to the moving part in accordance with the selected set of spray parameters. The control system further permits a gun purge cycle to be programmed either before or after the powder coating process is executed. The control system automatically initializes and brings each of the gun controls to an operable state on-line with the system control.

Abstract: Apparatus for electrostatically applying a coating to articles in a chamber includes nozzles for discharging a fluid stream of coating composition, usually a dry powder, into the chamber. An electrical charge is applied to the individual particles of the coating composition. An endless conveyor supports suspended racks on which the articles to be coated are supported. Electrically grounded conductive strips having a projecting edges electrically ground each of the racks they move through the chamber. The strips have a thin flat profile with a laterally projecting edge to frictionally engage the racks moving through the chamber. Preferably the edge is vertically inclined so that the point on the racks contacted by the edge continually varies as the racks are conveyed, thus insuring a scraping action and good electrical contact between the grounding strip and the rack.

Abstract: An electrostatic powder coating apparatus comprising a powder reservoir, a gas flow injection chamber, a diffusion chamber and a coating chamber and method for coating a substrate or target objects. The injection chamber receives powder from the reservoir at a controlled rate. The powder particulates awe entrained by a gas flow within the injection chamber. The diffusion chamber receives the particulates from the injection chamber. The diffusion chamber deaccelerates the particulates and creates a particulate cloud. The coating chamber receives the particulate cloud. A housing encloses the coating chamber. The coating chamber is isolated from the ambient atmosphere. The coating chamber has a cloud inlet and a cloud outlet. The cloud flows through the coating chamber from the inlet to the outlet. One or more deflectors, within the chamber, define a passage and two or more pockets adjoining the substrate or target objects.

Abstract: A precursor liquid comprising several metal 2-ethylhexanoates, such as stroritium tantalum and bismuth 2-ethylhexanoates, in a xylenes/methyl ethyl ketone solvent is prepared, a substrate is placed within a vacuum deposition chamber, the precursor liquid is misted, and the mist is flowed into the deposition chamber while maintaining the chamber at ambient temperature to deposit a layer of the precursor liquid on the substrate. The liquid is dried, baked, and annealed to form a thin film of a layered superlattice material, such as strontium bismuth tantalate, on the substrate. Then an integrated circuit is completed to include at least a potion of the layered superlattice material film in a component of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A self-supporting sheet-like structure is described, which contains a substrate layer and a structured coating on at least one surface of the substrate layer. The structured coating is produced by treating at least one surface of the substrate layer by means of an electric corona discharge, which takes place between a high voltage electrode and a grounded counter-electrode. In this procedure, an aerosol containing discrete inert particles is simultaneously introduced into the corona discharge space during the corona discharge to improve the slip characteristics and reduce friction of the substrate layer.

Abstract: The disclosed present invention relates to a method of applying a metallic coating, such as a finish paint coating to an automobile. This method comprises two processes or stages using a bell-shaped rotary atomizer and a metallic paint. The amount of paint ejected from the rotary atomizer, shaping air pressure, and coating speed are maintained at approximately the same values during both the first and second processes. In the first process, the peripheral speed of the bell-shaped atomizing head is set within a range of 39 to 65 m/s. In the subsequent second process, the peripheral speed of the bell-shaped atomizing head is set to a lower value than in the first process, that is, within the range of 21 to 39 m/s, and the reduction rate of the nonvolatile (NV) value is set to 3% or more. This method improves the orientation of a bright pigment, enabling the automobile to appear high-grade, and providing a quality metallic coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for spraying powder coating material includes a rotatable turret which moves articles to and from a work station. A powder spray gun is operable to spray a pattern onto each of the articles in turn while the article is at the work station. The powder flows through the spray gun as a series of pulses. A diverter assembly is operable to divert a portion of each pulse of powder away from the nozzle to more sharply define the pulse. An excess powder collector draws a flow of powder away from the work station. A virgin powder container supplies powder to a powder collector container which supplies powder to a powder feed container which supplies powder to the spray gun. Sensors associated with the virgin, collector and feed containers ensure that a predetermined quantity of powder is maintained in each container. During transport of powder from the virgin and collector containers, the containers and their associated pumps are vibrated to facilitate the flow of powder.

Abstract: A method of electrostatically painting and an apparatus for producing an electric field within a booth includes a paint spray gun charged to a first potential and a target to be painted to a second potential with one of the panels in the booth charged to a third potential intermediate the first potential and the second potential to repel paint particles away from the panel. The paint particles and the panels are charged to the same polarity and the target is of the opposite polarity. The panel is usually a wall, a ceiling and/or a conveyor protection housing within the paint spray booth. The preferred panel comprises an outer insulating layer of plastic, glass or porcelain that is easily wiped of paint and an interior, electrically-conducting layer such as a thin sheet of aluminum. Variations of the panel include a version which is completely enclosed in plastic and a version which is bonded to plastic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrostatically coating a non-conductive article. The article is passed through multiple stations where electrostatically charged liquid coatings are applied to the article. Adjacent stations have opposite polarity and neutralize the residual electric charge buildup from the preceding station.

Abstract: A continuous, automated method and apparatus for transporting and electrostatically powder coating articles such as fasteners. Articles in an unoriented state are oriented one behind another, transferred in succession to and magnetically retained on a face of a rotating feed wheel at a first position with respect to the feed wheel, transported to a second position by rotation of the feed wheel, transferred in succession at the second position to a respective portion of a moving conveyor, and releasably suspended magnetically and electrically grounded at the respective portion of the conveyor. Magnets used to suspend the articles from the conveyor are shielded from direct contact with the articles to avoid coating the magnets. While the articles remain suspended magnetically from the conveyor by their end portions, they are conveyed through a coating booth where they are electrostatically powder coated.

Abstract: In a system and method for forming a metal oxide coating on glassware, heated glassware is provided in a coating zone, preferably by a grounded conveyor. An electrostatic charging and depositing field is established to a surface of the glassware in the coating zone, and a flow of metallic vapor is generated and introduced into the electrostatic charging and depositing field. The metallic vapor is electrostatically deposited on the surface of the heated glassware, and reacts with oxygen at the surface of the heated glassware to form a metal oxide coating on the surface of the glassware. The system and method can be used in either cold end coating or hot end coating, and can provide a dual cold end coating with an initial metal oxide cold end coating and a subsequent conventional cold end coating, providing improved surface lubricity at reduced costs.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of coating an article by the use of electro-static attraction of ionized particles which are subsequently cured. The apparatus includes a first foraminous conveyor for carrying the article through a powder coating zone and a second conveyor for carrying the article through a curing zone. The surface of the article which rests on the foraminous conveyor is cleaned of particles as the article is transferred from the first foraminous conveyor to the second conveyor. The first foraminous conveyor is also cleaned of particles after the article has been transferred. After the articles have been cured to form a coating on the article, the article is put through the coating system again except that the article is supported on the conveyor so that the surface which was not coated in the first pass through the system is out of contact with the conveyor.

Abstract: A coating is applied to a substrate by conveying the substrate past a number of liquid spraying nozzles (32) to which high voltage is applied to produce spray in the form of liquid ligaments which deposit as such, or in the form of droplets, on the substrate to form generally parallel tracks which merge with each other to produce a substantially uniform thickness coating. The nozzles (32) are operable in two modes: a normal spraying mode and a deflect mode in which the ligaments are deflected away from the substrate and towards a collector electrode (34). Operation of the nozzles (32) may be co-ordinated so that different formulations are deposited as separate panels in succession lengthwise of the substrate. The coating system is particularly suitable for coating multicoloured dyesheets for use in thermal transfer printing.

Abstract: Electrostatic coating methods and apparatus are used to coat the exterior surface of glassware and preclude deposition on the interior surface and mouth of the glassware. A preferred stearic acid coating electrostatically applied over glassware with a hot end coating provides a more durable coating, improves scratch resistance and can reduce the amount of hot end coating for improved scratch resistance.

Abstract: An electrostatic powder coating apparatus comprising a powder reservoir, a gas flow injection chamber, a diffusion chamber and a coating chamber and method for coating a substrate or target objects. The injection chamber receives powder from the reservoir at a controlled rate. The powder particulates are entrained by a gas flow within the injection chamber. The diffusion chamber receives the particulates from the injection chamber. The diffusion chamber deaccelerates the particulates and creates a particulate cloud. The coating chamber receives the particulate cloud. A housing encloses the coating chamber. The coating chamber is isolated from the ambient atmosphere. The coating chamber has a cloud inlet and a cloud outlet. The cloud flows through the coating chamber from the inlet to the outlet. One or more deflectors, within the chamber, define a passage and two or more pockets adjoining the substrate or target objects.

Abstract: The apparatus, system and method utilize sequential sprays of wet, low-temperature steam, and dry, high-temperature steam to clean the exterior of laminated objects as well as to effect volatilization of liquid contaminates trapped between lamina thereof. Water is injected into the conduit through which the low-temperature steam is delivered, so as to produce a desirable concentration of droplets therein. A conveyor moves the laminated objects along a horizontal path through zones in which they are sprayed by the low temperature and high temperature steam, and then through a zone in which they are electrostatically coated with powder.

Abstract: A system for coating articles by the use of electrostatic attraction of ionized particles which are subsequently cured. The system includes a pair of carriers for jointly carrying each article through the system, from application of the particles to the article through curing of the particles on the article. Each carrier is capable of carrying the article independently of the other. After deposition of the particles on the article, the article and the carriers are conveyed through a cleaning station wherein one of the carriers is moved out of carrying engagement with the article and cleaned while the article supported by the other carrier. The other carrier is then moved out of supporting engagement with the article and cleaned while the article is supported by the first carrier.

Abstract: A process for forming a multilayer coating. The process enables coating of multiple layers by a continuous process in which mixing and diffusion between the layers is prevented. The process is particularly useful for producing, e.g., electrophotographic photoreceptors or photosensitive printing plate precursors comprising two or more coating layers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for spraying a solid particulate powder onto the interior surface of tubular articles by intermittently pumping the powder from a fluidized bed of powder through a powder supply line containing an intermittently operated venturi pump and air amplifier, as well as a pair of constantly operated air diffusers and an electrostatic charging apparatus. A powder collection shroud adjacent at least one open end of the tubular article has a carefully regulated vacuum applied thereto in order to collect oversprayed powders.

Abstract: A spray painting booth for electrostatically painting objects includes encapsulated electrically charged panels which are adapted to repel electrically charged paint particles that are produced by an electrostatic spray painting device. The electrostatic spray painting device is charged to a potential of 60,000 to 135,000 volts DC negative with respect to ground so that the resulting spray of paint particles is negatively charged. An object or article to be painted is disposed in the booth by a conveyor mechanism and is maintained at ground potential. The encapsulated, electrically charged panels or walls of the booth are charged to a potential of 30,000 volts DC negative with respect to ground by a power supply such that the panels are charged to a potential between the negative DC potential with respect to ground to which the spray paint device is charged and the ground potential of the article to be painted.

Abstract: The apparatus, system and method utilize sequential sprays of wet, low-temperature steam, and dry, high-temperature steam to clean the exterior of laminated objects as well as to effect volatilization of liquid contaminates trapped between lamina thereof. Water is injected into the conduit through which the low-temperature steam is delivered, so as to produce a desirable concentration of droplets therein. A conveyor moves the laminated objects along a horizontal path through zones in which they are sprayed by the low temperature and high temperature steam, and then through a zone in which they are electrostatically coated with powder.