Abstract: Metal and metal alloys with sealed anodic oxide coatings with at least partial crystallinity are disclosed. Associated articles are correspondingly disclosed. The sealed anodic coatings exhibit steam, superheated steam, alkaline and acidic resistance. The crystalline sealed anodic oxide coating can be prepared by impregnation of pores of a metal or metal substrate with metal precursor species, conversion of the metal precursor species into metal hydroxides, thermal treatment to dry out moisture and to promote phase transformation of the metal hydroxide product into metal oxides solids and bonding with metastable metal oxide substance in the pore structure of the metal or metal alloy substrate, and hydrothermal sealing, to create sealed anodic coating.

Abstract: A magnesium alloy member having mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and a method of manufacturing the magnesium alloy member are provided. A magnesium alloy member has a base material made of a magnesium alloy, and an anticorrosive film formed on the base material. The base material is a rolled magnesium alloy including 5 to 11% by mass of Al. By using a base material including a large amount of Al, a magnesium alloy member having excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance can be produced. In addition, by using a rolled material, the number of surface defects at the time of casting is small, and the frequency of compensation processes such as undercoating and puttying can be reduced.

Abstract: A transparent dielectric composition comprising tin, oxygen and one of aluminum or magnesium with preferably higher than 15% by weight of aluminum or magnesium offers improved thermal stability over tin oxide with respect to appearance and optical properties under high temperature processes. For example, upon a heat treatment at temperatures higher than 500 C, changes in color and index of refraction of the present transparent dielectric composition are noticeably less than those of tin oxide films of comparable thickness. The transparent dielectric composition can be used in high transmittance, low emissivity coated panels, providing thermal stability so that there are no significant changes in the coating optical and structural properties, such as visible transmission, IR reflectance, microscopic morphological properties, color appearance, and haze characteristics, of the as-coated and heated treated products.

Abstract: A heat sinking element and a method of treating a heat sinking element are provided. The heat sinking element includes a metal substrate. The metal substrate is mainly composed of aluminium. A surface of the metal substrate has a plurality of micro-nano holes and a diameter of the micro-nano holes is smaller than 300 nm. The method of treating a heat sinking element includes performing an oxidation process and an etching process on the metal substrate so as to form the plurality of micro-nano holes.

Abstract: A method for the joining of ceramic pieces with a hermetically sealed joint comprising brazing a continuous layer of joining material between the two pieces. The wetting and flow of the joining material is controlled by the selection of the joining material, the joining temperature, the time at temperature, the joining atmosphere, and other factors. The ceramic pieces may be aluminum nitride and the pieces may be brazed with an aluminum alloy under controlled atmosphere. The joint material is adapted to later withstand both the environments within a process chamber during substrate processing, and the oxygenated atmosphere which may be seen within the shaft of a heater or electrostatic chuck.

Abstract: A coating composition is provided. The coating composition comprises (a) an aluminum oxide precursor and (b) a solvent, wherein the aluminum oxide precursor (a) comprises aluminum elements and the following groups bound thereon: (a1) a —OR1 group, wherein R1 is H or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C13 alkyl; (a2) a bidentate chelating group; and (a3) a tetrahedral coordinating group, wherein, the amount of the aluminum oxide precursor (a) is about 1 wt % to about 50 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, and the total amount of the groups (a1), (a2) and (a3) is no more than 3 moles per 1 mole of the aluminum elements. The coating composition can be used in a semiconductor process for providing a passivation layer.

Abstract: A coated article is provided. The coated article comprises a transparent substrate, a base paint layer directly formed on a surface of the transparent substrate, an aluminum layer directly formed on the aluminum layer, and a top paint layer directly formed on the aluminum layer. The base paint layer is made of a paint containing color paste. The top paint layer is made of a transparent paint. A method for making the coated article is also described.

Abstract: In a method of producing a cold-rolled steel sheet being excellent in not only the phosphate treatability but also the corrosion resistance after coating under severe corrosion environment such as hot salt water immersion test or composite cycle corrosion test, a continuously annealed steel sheet after cold rolling preferably including 0.5-3.0 mass % of Si is pickled to remove a Si-containing oxide layer on a surface layer of the steel sheet and further repickled so that a surface covering ratio of an iron-based oxide on the surface of the steel sheet is not more than 40% and preferably a maximum thickness of the iron-based oxide is not more than 150 nm, as well as a cold-rolled steel sheet produced by this method and a member for automobile using the cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: There is provided a disk brake comprising: a piston that presses a brake pad to a disk rotor; and a caliper at which the piston is slidably provided through a piston seal, the caliper making the piston moved forward by hydraulic pressure, wherein the piston has that an anodized film layer formed by an anodized treatment is formed on a surface of a piston base body made of aluminum alloy, and a chromium plating layer is directly laminated on a surface of the anodized film layer.

Abstract: An effect of suppressing diffusion of metal elements from a substrate is high and orientation of a forcibly-oriented layer is improved. A base material (2) for a superconducting thin film includes: a substrate (10) including a metal element; a bed layer (22) formed on a surface of the substrate (10), the bed layer (22) including, as a main component, a non-orientated spinel compound that has a spinel type crystal structure and includes at least one transition metal element, Mg, and oxygen; and a forcibly-oriented layer (24) formed on a surface of the bed layer (22), the forcibly-oriented layer (24) having biaxial orientation and including, as a main component, a rock salt type compound that has a rock salt type crystal structure and includes Mg.

Abstract: A cast product for use in high temperature atmosphere comprising a cast body of a heat-resistant alloy comprising of, in mass percent, 0.05 to 0.7% of C, over 0% to up to 2.5% of Si, over 0% to up to 3.0% of Mn, 15 to 50% of Cr, 18 to 70% of Ni, 2 to 4% of Al, 0.005 to 0.4% of rare-earth elements, and 0.5 to 10% of W and/or 0.1 to 5% of Mo, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and a barrier layer formed at a surface of the cast body to be brought into contact with said high temperature atmosphere, said barrier layer comprising an Al2O3 layer having a thickness of 0.5 ?m or more wherein at least 80 area % of the outermost surface thereof is Al2O3, and said cast product having Cr-based particles dispersed at an interface between the Al2O3 layer and the cast body at a higher Cr concentration than that of a matrix of the alloy.

Abstract: A coated substrate having a surface containing at least one active species such as an oxide to which is bonded at least one amorphous phospho-alumina layer containing an aluminum to phosphorus atomic ratio of about 0.2 to about 0.8 is bonded to at least one further amorphous phospho-alumina layer containing an aluminum to phosphorus atomic ratio of at least about 1.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to solve a problem such as a small crystal size, which is the issue of a conventional method for formation of a film of graphene by a thermal CVD technique using a copper foil as a substrate, and thus providing a carbon film laminate in which graphene having a larger crystal size is formed. The carbon film laminate is configured to include a sapphire (0001) single crystal having a surface composed of terrace surfaces which are flat at the atomic level, and atomic-layer steps, a copper (111) single crystal thin film formed by epitaxial growth on the substrate and graphene deposited on the copper (111) single crystal thin film, and thus enabling formation of graphene having a large crystal size.

Abstract: Electrically conductive thin film metallizations having continuous operating temperatures of 300° C. and more are of considerable practical interest for a number of technical applications, such as surface wave elements. Technical reasons and high production costs are a bar to the use of standard films. In order to remedy this, films including a mixture of a high-melting conductive metal and aluminum oxides, wherein in particular aluminum-rich non-stoichiometric aluminum oxides are used. The aluminum oxides act as components thermally stabilizing the conductive metal film; an optional proportion of chemically available aluminum can additionally alloy with the conductive metal and thereby enables essential film properties, such as the electrical conductivity to be specifically influenced.

Abstract: A substrate assembly on which a first conduction-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conduction-type semiconductor layer are formed is disclosed, the substrate assembly comprising a first substrate, a second substrate and a bonding layer interposed there between. In the substrate assembly, the thermal expansion coefficient of the bonding layer is smaller than or equal to that of at least one of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: Decorative shape cast products and methods, systems, compositions and apparatus for producing the same are described. In one embodiment, the decorative shape cast products are produced from an Al—Ni or Al—Ni—Mn alloy, with a tailored microstructure to facilitate production of anodized decorative shape cast product having the appropriate finish and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A joined body of dissimilar metals which is produced by joining a steel material and an aluminum alloy material, wherein the steel material to be joined has a specific composition and is specified in the compositions of outer surface oxide layer and inner oxide layer and the aluminum alloy material to be joined is an Al—Mg-base or Al—Zn—Mg-base aluminum alloy having a specific composition. In the joined body of dissimilar metals, a content of Fe at a joint interface on the aluminum alloy material side is regulated, and a reaction layer of Fe and Al is formed at the joint interface of the joined body of dissimilar metals. The joined body of dissimilar metals exhibits high joint strength.

Abstract: Aluminum parts, e.g., heat exchangers, with improved resistance towards corrosion caused by contact with stationary water or aqueous compositions such as cooling water can be obtained by addition of Li compounds in specific amounts to the flux used for brazing the parts. LiF and especially Li fluoroaluminates are very suitable. The flux and the Li salt can be dispersed in water or an aqueous composition separately.

Abstract: A coated article is provided. A coated article includes a substrate having a color layer and a ceramic layer formed thereon, and in that order. The color layer substantially comprises a material elected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloy, zinc, and zinc alloy. The ceramic layer substantially consists of substance M, elemental O, and elemental N, wherein M is elemental Al or elemental Zn.

Abstract: A process for forming a low emissivity, moisture vapor permeable metallized composite sheet by coating a moisture vapor permeable sheet with at least one metal and exposing the freshly deposited metal to an oxidizing plasma thereby forming a protective synthetic metal oxide over the metal. The composite sheet material is suitable for use as a building construction barrier layer such as roof lining and house wrap.

Abstract: The radiation-selective absorber coating (20) has two barrier layers (24a, 24b), an IR-reflecting layer (21) arranged thereon, an absorption layer (22) arranged above the IR-reflecting (21) and an antireflection layer (23) over the absorption layer (22). The absorber tube (13) is a steel tube (1) with the radiation-selective absorber coating (20) applied to the outside thereof. In the process of coating the absorber tube (13) a first oxide barrier layer (24a) is applied to a steel tube by thermal oxidation; a second barrier layer (24b) is then applied by physical gas phase deposition of silicon with supply of oxygen; the IR-reflecting layer (21) is then applied by gas phase deposition of gold, silver, platinum or copper; the absorption layer (22) is then applied by deposition of aluminum and molybdenum; and a final antireflection layer (23) is applied by deposition of silicon with supply of oxygen.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy products comprising an aluminum alloy base and a sulfate-phosphate oxide zone integral therewith are disclosed. Methods of making the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for depositing multi-component and nanostructured thin films. Various parameters are monitored during the process to produce the structure of the thin films, on one hand the residence time of the gas mixture in the reactor is controlled by the pumping rate, on the other side to generate the plasma direct current (DC) or radio frequency (RF) sources are used, plus the combination of three unbalanced magnetrons allows alternative emission of elements that make up the multi-component and nanostructured films. The process is monitored by an optical emission spectrometer (EOE) and a Langmuir probe (SL), the EOE can follow the emission corresponding to the electronic transitions of atoms and molecules in the plasma. Emissions occur in the visible, infrared and ultraviolet domains. The relationships between spectral networks of different elements have been identified that ensure structural characteristics of thin films.

Abstract: An aluminum or aluminum alloy article is described. The aluminum or aluminum alloy article includes an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, a barrier layer formed on the substrate, a color layer formed on the barrier layer, and an insulation layer formed on the color layer. The barrier layer and the color layer are formed by vacuum sputtering. The barrier layer is a layer of chromium-oxygen-nitrogen, aluminum-oxygen-nitrogen, or titanium-oxygen-nitrogen. The insulation layer is an external layer of the aluminum or aluminum alloy article.

Abstract: An aluminum or aluminum alloy article is described. The aluminum or aluminum alloy article includes an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, a barrier layer formed on the substrate, a color layer formed on the barrier layer, and an insulation layer formed on the color layer. The barrier layer and the color layer are formed by vacuum sputtering. The barrier layer is a layer of silver-aluminum-oxygen-nitrogen. The insulation layer is an external layer of the aluminum or aluminum alloy article.

Abstract: A ceramic assembly includes one or more electrically and thermally conductive pads to be thermally coupled to a heat generating device, each conductive pad is electrically isolated from each other. The ceramic assembly includes a ceramic layer to provide this electrical isolation. The ceramic layer has high thermal conductivity and high electrical resistivity. A top surface and a bottom surface of the ceramic layer are each bonded to a conductive layer, such as copper, using an intermediate joining material. A brazing process is performed to bond the ceramic layer to the conductive layer via a joining layer. The joining layer is a composite of the joining material, the ceramic layer, and the conductive layer. The top conductive layer and the joining layer are etched to form the electrically isolated conductive pads. The conductive layers are bonded to the ceramic layer using a bare ceramic approach or a metallized ceramic approach.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermal spray composite coatings on a metal or non-metal substrate. The thermal spray composite coatings comprise (i) a ceramic composite coating undercoat layer having at least two ceramic material phases randomly and uniformly dispersed and/or spatially oriented throughout the ceramic composite coating, and (ii) a ceramic coating topcoat layer applied to the undercoat layer. At least a first ceramic material phase is present in the undercoat layer in an amount sufficient to provide corrosion resistance to the ceramic composite coating, and at least a second ceramic material phase is present in the undercoat layer in an amount sufficient to provide plasma erosion resistance to the ceramic composite coating. This invention also relates to methods of protecting metal and non-metal substrates by applying the thermal spray coatings.

Abstract: A method for selectively metallizing a substrate having a significant content of a plastics material includes ablating a layer of the substrate close to a surface of the substrate in a region of the substrate to be metallized so as to provide access to an additive having at least one compound from a substance family of aluminosilicates that is incorporated in the plastics material and to open one of a pore or a pore structure of the aluminosilicates in the region of the substrate to be metallized.

Abstract: A joined body of dissimilar metals which is produced by joining a steel material and an aluminum alloy material, wherein the steel material to be joined has a specific composition and is specified in the compositions of outer surface oxide layer and inner oxide layer and the aluminum alloy material to be joined is an Al—Mg—Si-base aluminum alloy having a specific composition. In the joined body of dissimilar metals, a content of Fe at a joint interface on the aluminum alloy material side is regulated, and a reaction layer of Fe and Al is formed at the joint interface of the joined body of dissimilar metals. The joined body of dissimilar metals exhibits high joint strength.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, an insulating coating formed on the substrate, and an anticorrosive coating formed on the insulating coating. The insulating coating is composed of electrically insulating ceramic material or polymer. The anticorrosive coating is a ceramic coating formed by physical vapor deposition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus suitable for forming hermetic electrical feedthroughs in a ceramic sheet having a thickness of .ltoreq.40 mils. More particularly, the method yields an apparatus including a hermetic electrical feedthrough which is both biocompatible and electrochemically stable and suitable for implantation in a patient's body. The method involves: (a) providing an unfired, ceramic sheet having a thickness of .ltoreq.40 mils and preferably comprising .ltoreq.99% aluminum oxide; (b) forming multiple blind holes in said sheet; (c) inserting solid wires, preferably of platinum, in said holes; (d) firing the assembly of sheet and wires to a temperature sufficient to sinter the sheet material but insufficient to melt the wires; and (e) removing sufficient material from the sheet lower surface so that the lower ends of said wires are flush with the finished sheet lower surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigeration circuit-forming member which has a metal surface and is used for a refrigeration circuit in which HFO-1234yf that is a refrigerant configured of molecules having a double bond is used. The metal surface, which comes into contact with the HFO-1234yf, is covered with a coating layer that is not reactive with the HFO-1234yf within the range of temperature at which the HFO-1234yf is used. The coating layer is formed of any of a coating film that is firmly fixed to the metal surface, a coating layer that is formed by adhesion of a specific component added into the lubricant oil, and a coating layer that is formed by modification of the metal surface layer itself that forms the metal surface. Consequently, the chemical instability that is caused when the refrigerant HFO-1234yf comes into contact with the metal can be eliminated.

Abstract: An FeO layer including fine crystal grains having random orientation is formed as inner layer scale on the surface of the steel wire rod containing C: 0.05-1.2 mass % (hereinafter referred to as “%”), Si: 0.01-0.50%, Mn: 0.1-1.5%, P: 0.02% or below, S: 0.02% or below, N: 0.005% or below, an Fe2SiO4 layer with the thickness: 0.01-1.0 ?m is formed in the boundary face between the FeO layer of the inner layer scale and steel, and the thickness of the inner layer scale is 1-40% of the total scale thickness. In another aspect, the maximum grain size of the crystal grain of the inner layer scale is 5.0 ?m or below and the average grain size is 2.0 ?m or below.

Abstract: A foil for producing a metal honeycomb or catalyst carrier body, has an average surface roughness of more than 0.3 ?m (micrometers) on both surfaces in at least one measurement direction. Preferably, the foil is rolled and has an average surface roughness of more than 0.3 or 0.5 ?m, especially approximately 0.6 ?m, in the rolling direction and/or transverse thereto. The foil can have an oxide coating with a thickness between 60 and 80 or between 70 and 75 nm (nanometers) on both surfaces. Despite the roughness, an even thickness of the oxide coating with a tolerance of less than 10% or 5% is advantageous on both surfaces. The foil allows production of durable honeycomb bodies, especially for exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, requiring an exactly defined distribution and quality of compounds in the interior thereof. A honeycomb body and method of production using a foil, are also provided.

Abstract: Inorganic substrates with a hydrophobic surface layer of a fluorinated material having the following structure are disclosed: where A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond; n is 1 to 20; Y is H, F, CnH2n+1 or CnF2n+1; X is H or F; b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, and p is 1 to 20. The fluorinated material can be directly adhered to the inorganic substrate or can be indirectly adhered to the inorganic substrate through an intermediate organometallic coating.

Abstract: Composites comprising an aluminum phosphate-based coating component and methods for sealing porous substrate surfaces.

Abstract: A coating process includes preheating a workpiece having an aluminum-containing layer through a temperature range in a reducing atmosphere having hydrogen to limit formation of thermally grown oxides on the surface of the workpiece. A source of oxygen is introduced to establish an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature above the temperature range to form a desired type of thermally grown oxide on the surfaces of the workpiece. A coating is then deposited on the desired type of thermally grown oxide.

Abstract: A method produces thermal barrier coatings that adhere to components even at high temperatures and temperatures that change frequently. A gas-tight glass-metal composite coating is applied to the component and annealed. The corroded part of the gas-tight coating is then removed, and a second, porous coating is applied. The second coating can comprise a ceramic, in particular yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide. A thermal barrier coating is provided that is a composite made of a gas-tight glass-metal composite coating and another porous coating disposed thereover. Because the boundary volume of the composite coating is partly crystallized to the other coating, superior adhesion within the composite is achieved. Thus, it is in particular possible to produce a composite made of silicate glass-metal composite coatings and yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide that are temperature-stable for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A substrate with an insulation layer has at least one metal base and an insulation layer. The insulation layer is laminated on a surface of the metal base. A linear thermal expansion coefficient of a material that constitutes the insulation layer is 8 ppm/K or less, and a linear thermal expansion coefficient of a material that constitutes the metal base is 17 ppm/K or more. The linear thermal expansion coefficient on the front surface of the insulation layer on a side opposite to the metal base is 6-15 ppm/K.

Abstract: A method and apparatus suitable for forming hermetic electrical feedthroughs in a ceramic sheet having a thickness of ?40 mils. More particularly, the method yields an apparatus including a hermetic electrical feedthrough which is both biocompatible and electrochemically stable and suitable for implantation in a patient's body. The method involves: (a) providing an unfired, ceramic sheet having a thickness of ?40 mils and preferably comprising ?99% aluminum oxide; (b) forming multiple blind holes in said sheet; (c) inserting solid wires, preferably of platinum, in said holes; (d) firing the assembly of sheet and wires to a temperature sufficient to sinter the sheet material but insufficient to melt the wires; and (e) removing sufficient material from the sheet lower surface so that the lower ends of said wires are flush with the finished sheet lower surface.

Abstract: A transparent conductive oxide (TCO) based film is formed on a substrate. The film may be formed by sputter-depositing, so as to include both a primary dopant (e.g., Al) and a co-dopant (e.g., Ag). The benefit of using the co-dopant in depositing the TCO inclusive film may be two-fold: (a) it may prevent or reduce self-compensation of the primary dopant by a more proper positioning of the Fermi level, and/or (b) it may promote declustering of the primary dopant, thereby freeing up space in the metal sublattice and permitting more primary dopant to create electrically active centers so as to improve conductivity of the film. Accordingly, the use of the co-dopant permits the primary dopant to be more effective in enhancing conductivity of the TCO inclusive film, without significantly sacrificing visible transmission characteristics. An example TCO in certain embodiments is ZnAlOx:Ag.

Abstract: A coated article suitable for use at elevated temperature includes a metal substrate and a coating on the substrate. The coating includes a corrosion resistant particulate component having an average coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) greater than alumina at 1200° F. (649° C.) dispersed in a binder matrix. An aspect ratio of at least a portion of the corrosion resistant particulate component is greater than about 2:1. The binder matrix includes a silicon-containing material and/or a phosphate-containing material.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to cutting tools. The disclosed cutting tools may have a wear resistant coating on a substrate. The substrate may have hard particles cemented in a binder phase. The binder may have a near-surface concentration gradient of at least one platinum group element and/or rhenium. Processes for producing cutting tools are also disclosed.

Abstract: A magnesium alloy member includes a member main body formed of a magnesium alloy containing aluminum, and an anodic oxidation coating covering at least a portion of the member main body. The anodic oxidation coating includes a porous first layer and a second layer located between the first layer and the member main body and having a higher aluminum content than that of the first layer. The ratio of the thickness of the second layer with respect to the thickness of the anodic oxidation preferably is about 5% to about 20%.

Abstract: There is provided a substrate processing apparatus equipped with a metallic component, with at least a part of its metallic surface exposed to an inside of a processing chamber and subjected to baking treatment at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure. As a result of this baking treatment, a film which does not react with various types of reactive gases, and which can block the out diffusion of metals, is formed on the surface of the above-mentioned metallic component.

Abstract: Methods for bonding adherent phosphorous-containing coating layers to oxide surfaces on substrates wherein the substrates with oxide surfaces are selected from: (a) oxidized iron, titanium, silicon, tin and vanadium; (b) indium tin oxide; and (c) substrates with oxide layers deposited thereon, wherein the substrates on which oxide layers are deposited are selected from ceramics, semiconductors, metals, plastics and glass, and the method contacts the oxide surface with a carrier conveying an organo-phosphonic acid coating composition and heats the oxide surface and carrier at a sufficient temperature while maintaining contact for a sufficient time to bond a layer of the organophosphonic acid to the oxide surface. Coated articles prepared by the inventive method are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a composite of aluminum material and synthetic resin molding with high efficiency; and a stable fast composite exhibiting high peeling resistance and large mechanical strength. The process is characterized in that aluminum material (1) is anodized in electrolytic bath of phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide to thereby form anodic oxidation coating (2) provided with innumerable pores (3) having a diameter of 25 nm or more made open in the surface thereof is formed thereon, and a synthetic resin mold (6) is coupled with the anodic oxidation coating (2) in such a condition that the portion (6a) of the synthetic resin molding (6) is intruded or anchored in the innumerable pores (3) of the anodic oxidation coating (2). By this process, composite (P) with the above properties can be easily obtained.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain an aluminum or aluminum alloy member having a uniform and dense anodic oxide film having sufficient corrosion and impact resistances. Provided is an anodic oxide film which has been formed on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the film comprising cells which have grown in random directions relative to the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy and thus have no orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for modifying piece surfaces consisting in bringing pieces into contact with at least one type of a modifying agent in such a way that the modification of the surface is carried out.

Abstract: An article of manufacture and a process for making the article by the anodization of aluminum and aluminum alloy workpieces to provide corrosion-, heat- and abrasion-resistant ceramic coatings comprising titanium and/or zirconium oxides, and the subsequent coating of the anodized workpiece with a second coating such as polytetrafluoroethylene (“PTFE”) or silicone containing coatings. The invention is especially useful for forming longer life coatings on aluminum substrates by pre-coating the substrate with an anodized layer of titanium and/or zirconium oxide that provides excellent corrosion-, heat- and abrasion-resistance in a hard yet flexible film.