Abstract: Disclosed is a printing sheet comprising(a) a support, and(b) a surface layer provided on at least one side surface of the support, the surface layer containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of n-butyl (meth)acrylate based polymers, phenyl (meth)acrylate based homopolymer and copolymers, benzyl (meth)acrylate based homopolymers and copolymers, styrene based homopolymers and copolymers, cinnamic acid, and cinnamic acid derivatives. The printing sheets have improved printability.

Abstract: Flexible sheet materials and envelopes are described which are useful for packaging electronic components. The sheet material includes an electrically insulating film with a conductive layer on the upper surface and an antistatic layer carried by the lower surface. The antistatic layer includes a fluoroaliphatic sulfonamide polyether compound. Optionally a tie layer may be included between the film and the antistatic layer.

Abstract: A static protective laminated material suitable for releasably supporting thereupon static-sensitive components having leads, such as integrated circuits and the like, and for protecting such components from electrostatic charges comprises a layer of antistatic material through which the leads of the component being supported may penetrate, the antistatic material being adapted to control the rate of discharge of any static charges through the component leads as the leads are inserted into the laminated material, and a layer of conductive material into which the component leads projecting through the antistatic layer may penetrate and be releasably supported thereupon, the conductive material being adapted to establish a conductive path between the component leads, thereby preventing the discharge of static charges through the component.

Abstract: Anti-static conductive mechanical components of synthetic resin with a conductive membrane formed on the surface of the synthetic resin through evaporation. When static electricity is generated during the operation of the mechanical components, the conductive membrane, which can be used to ground the synthetic resin, quickly eliminates the static electricity. The equipment constructed from the mechanical components can thus prevent malfunctions caused by static electricity.

Abstract: A self-supporting sheet-like article is described which is comprised of a substrate layer and an antistatic coating applied to at least one surface of the substrate layer. The antistatic coating is produced by the treatment of at least one surface of the substrate layer with an electrical corona discharge which runs between a live electrode and a counter electrode. Simultaneously, i.e. during the corona discharge, an aerosol is introduced into the corona discharge area, which aerosol contains an antistatic agent. Furthermore, a procedure for the production of a self-supporting sheet-like article with an antistatic coating as well as a firmly adhering antistatic coating on a polymer substrate are described.

Abstract: There is described a composite sheet includes a textile layer containing an electrically conductive fiber with an electric resistance of 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.9 ohms/cm as disposed at spaced intervals not exceeding 30 mm and a semiconductive layer with a surface resistivity of 10.sup.6 to 10.sup.10 ohms as disposed on the reverse side of the textile layer. This composite sheet releases the static electricity of the charged body on mutual contact and is therefore suitable for use as a car upholstery material and particularly as a seat covering material.

Abstract: A bag for holding and protecting articles sensitive to mechanical damage as well as to electric fields, the walls of the bag being essentially a layer of cushiony microfoam about 1 to about 4 millimeters thick, an essentially unfoamed polyethylene coating about 25 to about 100 microns thick on the inside surface of the microfoam, an essentially unfoamed support layer on the opposite surface of the microfoam, at least one face of the support layer being treated to protect the bag contents against external electric fields, and the polyethylene coating carrying sufficient antistat to protect the bag contents against the build-up of static electricity to the intensity that damages those contents when they are slid into the bag.

Abstract: There is here provided an electroconductive thermoplastic sheet prepared by superposing, upon either surface or both the surface of a thermoplastic film, or sheet an electroconductive nonwoven fabric formed by irregularly twining an electroconductive fiber into a hot-melt adhesive fiber, further superposing, upon the outer side of the electroconductive nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric made from the hot-melt adhesive fiber to obtain a laminate, and fusing the laminate integrally.The sheet of the present invention retains transparency and electroconductivity, and it is suitable for, for example, materials for packing of electronic parts and precision instruments where dust deposition and static electricity obstruction should be avoided.

Abstract: A thin static dissipative tape construction for use as a rug or runner in static sensitive areas should have a thickness of less than 1.5 mm and preferably less than 1.02 mm and be adhesively coated for application direct to the floor. The tape comprises a static dissipative layer, a conductive layer laminated thereto and a continuous pressure sensitive adhesive coating. The static dissipative layer is textured. The tape may be perforated to apply wide webs to surfaces.

Abstract: An electrically heatable transparent panel (1) comprises spaced electrically conductive bus strips (2, 3) interconnected by electrically conductive heating means (4) deposited on a substrate (5) of glazing material.To reduce the visual obtrusiveness of the heating means (4) as compared with linear heating elements as conventionally used in heatable rear windows or motor vehicles, and for other purposes, the heating means comprises electrically conductive enamel deposited meshwise on the substrate, the interstices of the mesh having a maximum dimension of 10 mm or less, and substantially no individual line of mesh has a width greater than 0.5 mm.

Abstract: In surface packaging of thin resin packages such as resin molded memory ICs or the like, cracks of the package occur frequently at a solder reflow step where thermal impact is applied to the package because the resin has absorbed moisture before packaging. To solve this problem, the devices are packaged moisture-tight at an assembly step of the resin molded devices where the resin is still dry, and are taken out from the bags immediately before the execution of surface packaging.

Abstract: A launderable cloth-like product and a method for making same are provided wherein such product is a readily manufactured knitted fabric comprised of non-conductive yarn fibers that form a combined stitch construction providing a matrix that is liquid impermeable while remaining relatively gas permeable. In a preferred embodiment the present invention comprises nonconductive and conductive yarn fibers that form overlaps and underlaps to such an extent so as to form a combined stitch construction providing a matrix that is resistant to the build-up of a static charge, and the resulting grid pattern results in increased tear-resistance.

Abstract: A multi-layer conductive article and method of making same wherein the article has a first layer of an organic polymer having a volume resistivity of between about 10.sup.7 and 10.sup.12 ohm-cm, a second layer, preferably in direct physical and electrical contact with the first layer of a conductive polyurethane having a surface resistance on the order of 100 to 900 ohms/square and a third layer in direct physical and electrical contact with the second layer of an organic polymer having a volume resistivity of 10.sup.7 to 10.sup.12 ohm-cm so that the article is capable of dissipating static electric charges which are impressed thereupon. The first and third layers are preferably formed of polyvinyl chloride, while the third layer can be expanded to a foam. Also, the article can be laminated to a fabric sheet to form a conductive fabric.

Abstract: A high electrical power-resistant radiowave absorbing body is disclosed comprising a carbon fiber fabric embedded in inorganic cement. The fabric can be woven or nonwoven. Carbon fiber fabrics of different densities can be used to develop a concentration gradient to enable wide frequency band absorption.

Abstract: A laminated antistatic electrical test mask for use with bed-of-nails test equipment in analyzing electrical properties between locations on a circuit board or card wherein the mask material prevents unused probes from contacting the product to be tested. The mask includes a plurality of layers comprised alternatively of cured glass cloth and a hygroscopic material, with a plurality of apertures disposed through the mask for receipt of test probes. In a particular embodiment, the layers are comprised of prepreg and a cellulose-containing material such as bonded paper. Electrostatic charges are more evenly distributed throughout the multiple layers of the composition to reduce charge densities presented to the test probes thereby significantly reducing destruction of JFETs associated with the probes from electrostatic discharge therethrough.

Abstract: A conductive fabric comprising conductive fibers and thermoplastic fibers with a higher heat shrinkage than that of said conductive fibers, said conductive fibers being crimped by heat shrinkage of said thermoplastic fibers. This invention also provides a conductive sheet or film comprising the conductive fabric and a base on which said conductive fabric is disposed, said conductive fabric and said base that are laminated together being fused into one piece by being heated at a temperature above the melting point of the thermoplastic fibers and melting said thermoplastic fibers.

Abstract: An antistatic sheet material and package formed therefrom is provided. The laminated sheet material includes a first inner layer which is preferably a coextruded film having a polyolefin ply and second copolymer ply of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, or blends thereof, a second intermediate layer such as a polyester film having an electrically conductive material thereon, and an outer layer of an antistatic material. The laminate may be formed by hot roll lamination or an adhesive may be used between the first and second layers.

Abstract: Filled polymer material, which is either textile material comprising filaments of a fibre-forming polymer filled with a particulate conductive material or sheet material of a polymer filled with a particulate conductive material, treated with an organic liquid to increase its electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A method for conditioning a composite structure to have an increased sparking current threshold. The method calls for the treatment of the joint in a composite structure by injected currents for predetermined periods of time at a sequence of voltages which are initially less than the present sparking voltage threshold of the structure. The voltage levels can be increased during the treatment to be greater than the sparking voltage threshold of the original structure. If the composite structure contains fasteners, the sparking voltage threshold can be conveniently increased by injecting the current from a timed voltage source through a variety of pairs of the fasteners.

Abstract: An electroconductive thermoplastic resin sheet causing no fluffing of electroconductive fibers is provided, which sheet comprisesa thermoplastic resin film;a non-woven fabric or a knitted or woven fabric consisting of hot-melt-adhesive fibers and electroconductive fibers and applied and integrally melt-adhered onto one surface or both the surfaces of the film and then subjected to surface treatment; anda coating having a curing composition composed mainly of an unsaturated resin and a reactive diluent applied onto the treated surface and crosslinked and cured and having a coating thickness of 1 to 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A synthetic resin molded article having good antistatic properties is disclosed, which is composed of a body of a synthetic resin (B) having a surface layer which is predominantly comprised of an antistatic polymer (A) and is integral with the body (B). The antistatic polymer (A) mainly composed of units of a quaternary ammonium base monomer of the formula: ##STR1##wherein R.sub.1 is H or methyl, R.sub.2 through R.sub.4 are H, unsubstituted or substituted (C.sub.1-9) alkyl, m is 1-10 and X.sup.- is an anion of a quaternizing agent. The molded article is made by forming a film of the antistatic polymer (A) on the molding surface of a casting mold, casting a polymerizable material to be formed into the synthetic resin (B) as the base material in the casting mold, and polymerizing the polymerizable material to form a body of the synthetic resin (B), simultaneously rendering the film of the polymer (A) integral with the body of the base material.

Abstract: The invention features a static dissipative elastomeric outer coating for an electronic package composite. The coating is characterized by its superior abrasion resistant and electrical properties. The coating chemically bonds with the conductive layer and has superior static dissipative qualities characterized by a surface resistivity in the range of between 10.sup.5 and 10.sup.11 ohms per square.

Abstract: A layer of conductive plastic material can be made to exhibit relatively high conductivity with a relatively small amount of electrically conducting particles included in it if the layer is extruded in a lamellate form. Particularly, sublayers having thicknesses of the size of the conducting particles or less being the randomly distributed particles in one sublayer into close proximity with those in adjacent sublayers. Consequently, relatively short conducting paths through the layer are provided. The laminate layer is formed by an extrusion die with a plurality of dividers adapted to divide the extrudate into sublayer prior to recombination for the extrusion of the final layer. The laminate layer can be coextruded with electrically insulating layers to fabricate electrical components such as capacitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for antistatic treatment or pretreatment for subsequent surface-coating of materials based on polyamides, polyimides or polyamideimides, where the molded articles of the material are treated with a solution of salt mixtures comprising(a) halides of elements of main groups 1 and/or 2 of the periodic system, in particular CaCl.sub.2, MgCl.sub.2, LiCl, NaCl and/or KCl and(b)(1) salts of weak inorganic bases with strong inorganic acids, in particular AlCl.sub.3, FeCl.sub.3, TiCl.sub.4, SbCl.sub.5, CaCl.sub.2, FeCl.sub.2, CuCl.sub.2, ZnCl.sub.2 and/or MoCl.sub.5(2) and/or the chelate complexes of (b1) with Schiff bases, amines, carboxylic acids, diketones, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones and phosphines,(c) in a non-corrosive, organic swelling agent or solvent for the materials mentioned, where appropriate with the addition of water, preferably in an alcohol, at temperatures up to the boiling point of the solvents, preferably at temperatures of from -15.degree. C. to +60.

Abstract: A conductive tape for an electrifiable fence comprising a tape of woven or knitted construction having at least two conducting wires arranged longitudinally and integrally in the woven or knitted structure. A bridging conductor is carried in or on the knitted or woven structure and is directed transversely across the two longitudinal conductors at intervals, so that, if a break occurs in one of the conductors, the current path is capable of continuing via the bridging conductor.

Abstract: There is here provided a flocked product having a warm and soft appearance and a thick and tender feel which is obtained by flocking the surface of a nonwoven, woven or knitted fabric.

Abstract: A blow molded container provides protection for electrically sensitive devices by including antistatic agents in the outer layer and electrically conductive agents in the inner layer of a multilayer parison used to form a container. The invention renders the use of separate antistatic foam pads unnecessary by providing an antistatic surface in the container when closed.

Abstract: A flexible, breathable, antistatic, non-flammable, filtering, non-linting, clean and cleanable composite laminate is provided. The laminate comprises a middle layer of a non-flammable fabric, preferably a polyamide or glass fabric, containing an antistatic agent, and a top and bottom layer each containing a sheet of porous, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bonded to the middle layer by means of an adhesive between the middle layer and the top and bottom layers. Preferably the top and bottom layers comprise (a) a flexible, first layer of hydrophobic material having a moisture vapor transmission rate exceeding 1000 gms./m.sup.2 .multidot.day and an advancing water contact angle exceeding 90 degrees; and (b) a continuous hydrophilic layer attached to the first layer, the hydrophilic layer having a moisture vapor transmission rate exceeding 1000 gms./m.sup.2 .multidot.day and forming a barrier to passage of fluids with low surface tension, wherein the hydrophobic layers are both external to the middle layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a static dissipative laminate film produced by: coating a surface of a first plasticized thermoplastic film with graphite or carbon; overlaying the coated surface of the first film with a second plasticized thermoplastic film; and pressing the first and second films together to form a laminate film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoplastic plymeric composition having antistatic characteristics and a method to make same. The composition comprises a thermoplastic polymer in admixture with an antistatic agent. In one embodiment the polymer is polyethylene and the agent is a mixture of polyethoxylated cetyl alcohol and glyceryl monostearate. Also disclosed is the antistatic polymeric composition in a film, which is useful for packaging static sensitive devices such as electronic circuit boards, or for packaging devices that must be protected from static electricity such as devices in a medical operating room where explosive oxygen and/or ether are present.

Abstract: A transparent box for protecting against damage from electrostatic discharge and sheet material to be cut into a box blank for forming the same. The box blank has an electrically insulating, transparent, polymeric sheet and a continuous, transparent, electrically conductive layer disposed on at least one surface of the polymeric sheet. The polymeric sheet has grooves on at least one surface forming fold lines and the sheet material has sufficient stiffness to enable the sheet material when cut into a box blank and folded into a box to hold its shape. Grooves formed into the surface of polymeric sheet 14 and the subsequent folding do not disturb the continuous electrically conductive layer enabling the completed box to have complete electrostatic shielding from all directions.

Abstract: This granular composite is obtained by chopping granules from a composite strand which contains at least one bundle of gear crimped fibers embedded in a polymer. The fibers can have reinforcing or electrically conductive properties. The granular composite is mixed with another polymer granulate and softened, whereby the fibers are dispersed in the polymer mass, which is then shaped, for example, by injection molding into plastic articles.

Abstract: An antistatic article comprises a thermoplastics polymeric substrate having at least one surface layer comprising (a) a polychlohydrin ether of an ethoxylated hydroxyamine and (b) a polyglycol diamine, the total alkali metal content of components (a) and (b) not exceeding 0.5% of the combined weight of (a) and (b).Articles such as fibres, filaments, sheets and films, particularly polyester films, are thereby rendered antistatic without detriment to the optical characteristics thereof.

Abstract: A static dissipative laminate having a resistivity on the order of 10.sup.6 to 10.sup.9 ohms/square and a surface resistance in the static dissipative range even at very low humidities is produced by adding to the melamine resin for the decor sheet a small amount of ionic salt and a small amount of an aliphatic tertiary amine or glycerin which is believed to function as a humectant. The core sheets are formed of carbon filled paper impregnated with a phenolic resin containing a small amount of ionic salt.

Abstract: This container, through its pseudo-mobius strip design, will control the introduction of static electricity to the electronic circuits it houses. Static electricity would have to overcome it's tendency not to enter an internal surface, as demonstrated by Faraday. The internal surface presented in this container is uniquely more difficult for static electricity to enter than that of existing containers.

Abstract: A flexible sheet material and package formed therefrom is provided. The multilayer sheet material includes a first flexible heat sealable plastic material with antistatic properties on at least the one major surface thereof which first layer is laminated to a second flexible plastic material with an electrically conductive material on the one major surface thereof and antistatic properties on the other major surface thereof.

Abstract: An antistatic sheet material comprises a substrate layer, an electroconductive layer, and a surface layer. The electroconductive layer is disposed on the substrate layer and contains carbon black in such a manner that the carbon black partly protrudes into the surface layer. The surface layer is a thin transparent plastic layer. The sheet material possesses decreased surface resistance and exhibits excellent antistatic properties. The sheet material permits an object held thereunder to be clearly seen therethrough and enjoys high resistance to surface friction and never deteriorates any object which is in contact therewith. Thus, the sheet material of this invention is used advantageously as containers for objects which by their nature are vulnerable to electrostatic damage.

Abstract: In order to prevent the build-up of static electricity in laminated cork floor tiles consisting of a layer of granular cork bonded by a binder and a wear surface preferably composed of polyvinyl chloride foil, provided on one side of the granular layer, the electrical conductivity of the laminate is increased by incorporating agents to reduce electrical resistance in the binder included in the cork layer and by incorporating antistatic agents in the wear surface. The tiles may have a moisture barrier provided on the side of the granular cork layer opposite the wear surface, the moisture barrier also incorporating an agent or agents reducing the electrical resistance thereof.

Abstract: An antistatic laminated sheet material suitable for making receptacles for the protection of electronic components from electrostatic charges. The material comprises an insulating layer having a high tensile modulus, a metal layer of surface resistivity not exceeding about 10.sup.4 ohms/square and a conductive ink layer, said ink layer being dry and being sufficiently flexible to adapt to folds in the material. Bags formed of the material are also disclosed.

Abstract: A plastic molded article excellent in transparency, antistatic property and abrasion resistance is produced by providing on the surface of a base material comprising a transparent plastic molded article an electrically conductive coat layer comprising 60-80% by weight of an electrically conductive powder mainly composed of tin oxide and 20-40% by weight of a resin component and further providing thereon a topcoat layer comprising 0-50% by weight of an electrically conductive powder mainly composed of tin oxide and 50-100% by weight of a resin component.

Abstract: A method for protecting composite structures from electrostatic discharge. This method includes limiting resistive heating in conductivity enhanced layers of composite material to prevent delamination due to pyrolytic reactions. Only sufficient metal is used in external conductivity enhanced layers to cause dielectric breakdown to occur before delamination due to pyrolytic reaction results.

Abstract: A decorative, high pressure, conductive laminate for flooring material is formed of a plurality of phenolic impregnated carbon-containing core sheets, a melamine resin impregnated decor sheet containing about 3-5% carbon fibers having a length greater than 1/16 inch and preferably 1/8 inch or more, and a melamine resin impregnated abrasion resistant overlay. The overlay melamine resin also contains an ionic salt and a tertiary aliphatic amine, both also preferably being in the decor melamine as well. The laminate has a volume resistance of 2.5.times.10.sup.4 to about 10.sup.6 ohms. To make the product more dimensionally stable, carbon containing core sheets are interleaved with non-carbon-containing kraft sheets, the phenolic resin of which also contains ionic salt.

Abstract: Triboelectric charging of magnetic record disk jackets causes static electricity to attract and hold foreign matter. This triboelectric charging can be reduced by the application of nonvolatile, non-integral, electrically conductive organic coatings on the surfaces of the jackets.

Abstract: A glass unit suitable for use as a window in a building comprising at least a pair of spaced, generally parallel, electrically conductive and transparent films in a space between a pair of glass panes. The films are taut and a conductive lead is electrically connected with the films to couple them to ground.

Abstract: A stainproof, flame-resistant composite sheet material including at least one silicone polymer layer containing a silicon resin or rubber and optionally a flame-resistant inorganic filler and at least one stainproof surface layer containing at least one synthetic thermoplastic stain-resistant, weathering-resistant polymeric material, the silicone polymer layer and the stainproof surface layer being bonded optionally through an adhesive material, a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer or a cold plasma or corona discharge-modified and graft polymerization-modified surface portion of the silicone polymer layer.

Abstract: A laminated sheet material which can be used to form packages or envelopes for electrically sensitive components. The laminated sheet material includes an antistatic layer providing a surface resistivity in the range from about 10.sup.8 to about 10.sup.13 ohms per square. A first conductive metal layer is adhered to the antistatic layer and provides a surface resistivity of less than about 10.sup.5 ohms per square. A carrier film layer is adhered to the first conductive metal layer. A second conductive metal layer is adhered to the carrier film layer. A transparent, protective topcoat layer is adhered to the second conductive metal layer for protecting the second conductive metal layer from abrasion and oxidation and for maintaining the outer surface resistivity of the combined clear protective layer and second conductive metal layer in the range from about 10.sup.4 to about 10.sup.8 ohms per square.

Abstract: An article of manufacture which is a conductive floor tile for control of generation of static electricity and method of installation. The tile includes a thin, hard layer of plastic material having bonded to it a lamination which is an electrically conductive mesh screen which is bonded to the top surface lamination by an electrically conductive adhesive. The product is a tile, the tiles being adapted for being bonded to a surface adjacent to each other with electrically conductive strips positioned beneath the joints between adjacent tiles to provide electrical continuity. The method includes the fabrication of the tiles and the steps in the installation of the tiles as described by being bonded to a surface or subsurface.

Abstract: An antistatic or electrically conductive carpet tile and a method of producing such carpet tile, which method comprises forming a plurality of separate columns of electrically conductive material, extending generally perpendicularly between the back surface of the carpet tile and the face of the carpet tile, the electrically conductive columns formed in a nonelectrically conductive thick backing layer, so as to provide an electrically conductive path from the face of the carpet to ground. An antistatic carpet which comprises a fibrous face secured to a primary backing layer, an electrically conductive precoating layer on the backing layer, and a nonelectrically conductive backing layer and a plurality of columns of electrically conductive material, such as electrically conductive polymeric ink, extending from the back surface of the carpet tile to the nonelectrically conductive backing layer and into contact with the electrically conductive precoat layer or face.

Abstract: A method of making an electrically-conductive floor covering presses a polymeric bottom layer into apertures in a top layer having a higher flow viscosity than the bottom layer, the pressure also bonding the layers together. The bottom layer contains from about 3% to about 80% by weight carbon black or graphite for electrical conduction; the top layer contains not more than about 0.5% thereof. The apertures in the top layer are at least 1 mm in diameter and regularly or irregularly spaced from the next adjacent aperture from about 2 mm to about 40 mm, the area of the apertures not exceeding 40% per unit area of the top layer. The dark color of the bottom layer resulting from its carbon black or graphite content therefore need not significantly affect the appearance of the top layer, but provides electrical conductivity through the apertures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to articles, particularly plate or sheet-like articles made of plastic in which very low contents of fine electrically conductive fibers are uniformly dispersed so as to make the articles conductive. It also relates to specific intermediate plastic products, referred to as grains, threads and granules, and the processes for manufacturing each of these products as well as the final conductive articles. The articles can be used as a suitable shielding against radio-frequency and high-frequency electromagnetic radiation or as antistatic plastic articles.