Abstract: A light-sensitive microcapsule comprising a core material containing a polymerizable compound and a shell material characterized in that the shell material contains therin silver halide in the form of grains. A light-sensitive material comprising a light-sensitive layer containing a great number of said microcapsules and a reducing agent provided on a support is also disclosed.

Abstract: Method of processing photographic silver halide material wherein an imagewise release of the development inhibitor 1-aryltetrazole-5-thiol is achieved during processing.

Abstract: An image forming process is disclosed, which comprises, in the photographic processing of silver halide color photographic materials, processing the color photographic material having a swelling degree of the photographic layer(s) of from 1.5 to 4.0 in the water washing step for the total water washing processing time of from 30 to 90 seconds. According to the process of the invention, the storage stability of color images obtained after processing and/or after lapsing a time does not reduce even when the water washing processing time is shortened.

Abstract: This invention relates to a color developing solution for processing of a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material which comprises containing a compound represented by the following formula [I] and at least one compound selected from a compound represented by the following formula [II] and a compound represented by the following formula [III], and a processing method of a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material, which comprises, after imagewise exposure of a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material, carrying out processing including at least a color developing step, wherein the light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material has silver halide emulsion layers containing silver halide grains substantially comprised of silver chloride, and a color developing solution used in the color developing step contains the compound represented by the following formula [I] and at least one compound selected from the compound represented by the following formula

Abstract: Photosensitive cuprous halide-type materials, particularly cuprous chloride and cuprous bromide materials, can be prepared from an anode product material produced from electrolysis of copper in an aqueous acid halide bath. Preferably, the copper electrolysis is carried out in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution. The resulting anode product materials are particularly sensitive in the presence of a polar molecule catalyst such as water or ammonia. In one highly preferred embodiment of this invention the anode product material is treated with the aqueous solution of ammonium salt of a water soluble organic acid (e.g. aqueous solution of ammonium ascorbate); one of the chief advantages of these materials is that they are highly photosensitive when dry and can be developed from a latent image prepared thereon.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material is disclosed, which comprises developing a silver halide color photographic material with a color developer comprising:(a) an aromatic primary amine color developing agent;(b) at least one brightening agent represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkylamino group, an aryloxy group or an arylamino group; provided that R.sub.1 is not the same as R.sub.3 when R.sub.2 is the same as R.sub.4, and R.sub.1 is not the same as R.sub.4 when R.sub.2 is the same as R.sub.3 ; and M represents a monovalent cation; and(c) at least one organic phosphonic acid series chelating agent.

Abstract: A method for forming a direct positive color image by subjecting an inner latent image type light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material for formation of a direct positive color image, having at least one light-sensitive emulsion layer containing inner latent image type silver halide grains which have not been previously fogged on the grain surfaces to color developing processing after image exposure, which comprises developing an inner latent image type light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material for formation of a direct positive color image wherein a silver halide emulsion in at least one light-sensitive emulsion layer consists substantially of a silver chlorobromide emulsion with the use of a color developing solution containing an N-hydroxyalkyl-substituted-p-phenylenediamine derivative at 30.degree. C. or higher for not longer than 150 seconds.

Abstract: Photographic color developing compositions which are especially useful in the processing of high chloride silver halide photographic elements are free, or at least substantially free, of bromides; optionally contain a small amount of sulfite; and comprise (1) a primary aromatic amino color developing agent, (2) an N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine, (3) at least one sequestering agent which functions to sequester iron and (4) at least one sequestering agent which functions to sequester calcium. The developing compositions exhibit excellent stability. They also provide minimal development restraint which permits the use of very short development times, as needed for rapid access processing.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material is described, which comprises treating said material after imagewise exposure with a color developer containing an aromatic primary amine developing agent and at least one compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## in which X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 each represents a divalent organic group. In accordance with this method, the stability and color-forming capacity of the color developer are remarkably improved, the increment of fog during continuous processing of photographic material is greatly reduced, and the color developer need not substantially contain benzyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method is described for processing a silver halide color photographic material after imagewise exposure, comprising color developing, desilvering, and at least one of washing and stabilizing a silver halide color photographic material, wherein a color developer which does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol but comprises at least one compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein M.sup.1, M.sup.2, M.sup.3 and M.sup.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal ion, an ammonium ion, or 1/n of an n-valent cation is used for the color development.

Abstract: A developing solution composition for a silver halide color photographic material is described, comprising an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group; R.sup.3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; and the total number of carbon atoms contained in R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is at least 3.The color developer composition has improved stability and color forming properties and remarkably limits fog formation during continuous processing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for processing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material in which a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer is exposed imagewise to light and then subjected to processing including at least a color development treatment or a color development treatment followed by a bleach-fixing treatment, the improvement wherein said at least one silver halide emulsion layer is a silver halide emulsion layer in which not less than 80 mole % of the total silver halide in the layer is silver chloride and the pH value of the bleach-fixing solution used in said bleach-fixing treatment is in the range of 4.5 to 6.8.

Abstract: A process for processing silver halide photographic materials by processing, after development and fixing, the silver halide photographic materials with wash water or a stabilizing solution using a replenisher thereof of not more than 2 liters (including 0) per square meter of the photographic material and drying using a roller transporting type automatic processor, wherein the swelling percentage of the silver halide photographic material is not more than 200% and the total processing time from development to drying is not longer than 70 seconds.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material is disclosed, which comprises processing an imagewise exposed silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver chloride or silver chlorobromide containing at least 80 mol % of silver chloride with a color developing solution and thereafter processing the material with a bleach-fixing solution, wherein the bleach-fixing solution contains a ferric complex salt of an organic acid and from about 1.times.10.sup.-2 to about 2 mol of bromide ions and/or from about 5.times.10.sup.-4 to about 5.times.10.sup.-2 mol of iodide ions per liter.The method for processing a silver halide color photographic material according to the present invention is excellent in desilvering ability, and enables rapid processing to be conducted.

Abstract: A storage stable and rapid dissolving packaged powder developer of uniform composition is produced by preparing developer or developer precursor solutions and removing solvent to provide powder for packaging in plastic impervious to the atmosphere. Preferably, the solvent is removed by freeze-drying or spray-drying.

Abstract: A process for developing a photographic material containing on a support an image-wise exposed silver halide emulsion layer of which the silver halide is substantially silver chloride and in which the photographic material before its exposure contains already at least one silver halide developing agent in a hydrophilic colloid binder in waterpermeable relationship with the silver halide, said process containing the step of contacting the exposed photographic material with an aqueous alkaline liquid, called activator liquid, being initially substantially free from developing agent(s), said contacting being not followed by a silver complex diffusion transfer processing, characterized in that said aqueous alkaline liquid contains a primary and/or secondary amine.

Abstract: There is provided a method of processing a silver halide color photographic material which comprises processing the silver halide color photographic material with a color developer containing an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a specific hydroxylamine compound. According to this method the stability of a color developer is improved so that the increased fogging problem in continuous processing is lessened and the processing time is shortened.

Abstract: A method for forming a color image which comprises imagewise exposing a color photographic material comprising a reflective support having thereon at least one photosensitive layer containing a color coupler capable of forming a dye image through its coupling reaction with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a silver halide emulsion and processing it with a color developing solution containing substantially no benzyl alcohol, wherein the color development is carried out under the condition that a substantially colorless anionic surface active agent having an unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group excluding a fluorine-substituted aliphatic group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic group as a hydrophobic group; and --SO.sub.3 M, --SO.sub.2 M, --OSO.sub.3 M, or --OSO.sub.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprising a light-sensitive layer which contains silver halide, a reducing agent and a polymerizable compound provided on a support, characterized in that the reducing agent is a hydrazine derivative having the following formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group and a heterocyclic group, each of which may have one or more substituent groups; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently is an aryl group which may have one or more substituent groups, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form, together with the neighboring carbon, a condensed aromatic ring; R.sup.

Abstract: A method of forming a color image which comprises processing, after imagewise exposure, with a color developing solution which contains not more than 0.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprising a light-sensitive layer which contains silver halide, a reducing agent and a polymerizable compound provided on a support, characterized in that the reducing agent is a hydrazine derivative having the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkynyl group and a heterocyclic group, each of which may have one or more substituent groups; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently is an aryl group which may have one or more substituent group, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form, together with the neighboring carbon, a condensed aromatic ring; R.sup.4 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group and carbamoyl, each of which may have one or more substituent groups.

Abstract: Photographic elements and processes are described which employ a compound containing a hydrazide moiety attached by a linking group, comprising an acidic group or an active methylene group adjacent to an acidic group, to a heteroatom of a moiety containing a photographically useful group comprising a photographic dye or precursor thereof or a photographic reagent; wherein:(a) the hydrazide moiety is capable of being oxidized to an azo group by an oxidized developing agent,(b) the azo group formation causes the release of the photographically useful group, and(c) the released photographically useful group does not contain the linking group or the nitrogen atoms of the hydrazide moiety.

Abstract: A method of processing a photographic material which contains a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a blocked photographic agent capable of releasing a photographically useful agent by ring cleavage of a 4- to 7-membered ring containing at least one carbonyl group in the presence of a hydroxylamine, whereby both high stability of the photographic material upon storage and timely release of the photographically useful agent upon processing are achieved.

Abstract: A process for forming color images, and a silver halide color photographic material for use in the process, are described, said process comprising processing with a developer containing hydroxylamine a silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, said blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer being disposed at a more upper portion than other color-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, and said color photographic material further comprising (1) a light-insensitive layer containing at least one of a yellow colored magenta-dye-forming coupler and a yellow non-diffusible organic dye between the lowermost blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and the uppermost layer of the other color-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, and (2) a light-insensitive silver halide emulsion in any layer above sa

Abstract: A process for development-processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described, comprising processing with a developing solution containing 0.1 mol/liter or more of sulfite ion and at least one compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein n represents an integer of from 2 to 6; each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal atom.According to the process, the generation of silver sludge and the formation of fog are prevented when a black-and-white photographic light-sensitive material is processed with a developing solution containing sulfates in a high concentration.

Abstract: A gelatino-silver halide film is exposed and then developed with a tanning developer bearing a positively or negatively charged substituent, e.g., a quaternary amine-substituted hydroquinone, to produce a charged matrix in the gelatin. To enhance the image the film is then processed to mordant an oppositely charged species, e.g., an anionic dye, to the charged matrix.

Abstract: A method is described for forming a desired pattern in a layer of polymethyl methacrylate resist formed on a substrate by irradiating the layer with a pattern of radiation substantially identical to the desired pattern and thereafter immersing the layer of polymethyl methacrylate in a solution of acetone to remove the irradiated portion of the layer of polymethyl methacrylate.

Abstract: Imidomethyl blocked photographic reagents are useful in photographic elements, film units and processes. The blocked photographic reagents have the structure: ##STR1## wherein: J represents ##STR2## X represents the atoms to complete a 5- or 6-membered ring or ring system; R represents hydrogen, alkyl or 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms; andPR represents the residue of an organic photographic reagent containing a heteroatom through which it is joined to the imidomethyl blocking group.

Abstract: For making families of steady-state heat transfer coefficient curves visible, the invisible residual moisture profile obtained by exposing a moisture photogelatin layer to a gas is immersed, in daylight, in a soluble organic sulfur compound, particularly thioacetamide, and is converted into a silver sulfide line photogram. The method is used, for example, for making visible families of steady-state heat transfer coefficient curves on forced air-cooled electronic assemblies.

Abstract: The process for the development of color photographic images with an aqueous alkaline color developer mixture comprising methyl-p-dialkylaminoaniline derivates. The process provides brilliant color photographic images avoiding coloration of the support and color fog even when processing at high temperatures.

Abstract: A method of developing a positive electron resist for delineating a desired integrated circuit pattern upon a circuit substrate is disclosed for a positive resist consisting of a copolymer film of poly (methyl alpha-chloroacrylate-co-methacrylonitrile) utilizing a developer selected from the group consisting of benzonitrile, a mixture of benzonitrile and methyl cellosolve, and a mixture of benzonitrile and methyl ethyl ketone.

Abstract: A device for dry development of photoresists, etching of semiconductor devices, fabrication of photomasks and removal of photoresist materials is described. The device includes a reaction chamber, a means for evacuating the reaction chamber, a supply of and means for introducing one or more reactive gases to the reaction chamber, a controllable relatively low-voltage direct-current power supply to generate a gas plasma in the reaction chamber, planar electrodes to confine the plasma energy to specific target areas in the chamber, means for defining and controlling the temperature of targets to be processed in the chamber and means for modifying and controlling the temperature of the plasma generating gas. The device and the manner of using the same are described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid composition for treating photosensitive laminates having an alcohol-soluble polyamide layer, which comprises 12 to 70 parts by weight of an aromatic neutral salt, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of an alkali, 1 to 15 parts by weight of an alcohol and 84 to 100 parts by weight of water.

Abstract: A composition and process for developing diazotype material utilizes a developing liquid comprising a buffered, aqueous solution of an azo-coupling component having a pH between 5.5 and 8 and, as an additive compound, sorbic acid, an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, or magnesium salt of sorbic acid or mixtures of the same. The process produces a clear copy image more quickly than a process in which the developing liquid does not contain the additive compound and, when the azo-coupling component is a mixture of phloroglucinol and resorcinol, forms a neutrally black image. The additive compound is added in an amount of 10 to 80%, and preferably 30 to 60%, by weight, of the maximum amount soluble in the solution at room temperature.

Abstract: Novel electron donor precursors have the structure: ##STR1## where: R is an alkali labile group;Y is an aliphatic or aromatic group; andZ is an electron withdrawing group.The compounds are useful in photographic elements, film units and processes to provide electrons to immobile compounds which must accept at least one electron before releasing a diffusible dye or photographic reagent.

Abstract: A developer composition for a lithographic printing plate provided with a coated layer composed of a photosensitive polymer having in the main chain thereof groups of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X and Y independently represent hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro, and n is an integer of 1 or 2, comprising ethylene glycol monophenyl ether and at least one acid selected from the group consisting of a mineral acid, an organic carboxylic acid and an organic sulfonic acid.

Abstract: A photographic process comprising exposing imagewise a photosensitive layer containing a divalent tin basic salt to actinic rays to form a pattern consisting of non-reducing exposed areas and reducing non-exposed areas and contacting the exposed photo-sensitive layer with a developer capable of forming or erasing color by reduction to thereby form a visible image corresponding to said non-exposed areas or said exposed areas.

Abstract: After exposure to radiation photoresist may be developed by a dry process using a gas plasma, preferably an oxygen plasma. The process can be used for chemical milling, photolithography, printed circuit board and photomask manufacture and it is particularly advantageous in the manufacture of semiconductors. The plasma development process can be followed by plasma etch and strip processes without requiring removal of the work piece from the plasma reactor.

Abstract: A process of producing a photoresist pattern on a circuit board including applying a casein based photoresist film of a thickness of at least 4.0 micrometers to a circuit board, air drying the film, exposing the dried film to actinic radiation through a photomask and developing the exposed photoresist film with soft water to wash away the unexposed areas of the film, thereby leaving an etch resistant pattern of photoresist on the circuit board.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for producing cross-linked polymeric images on a substrate employing an oxygen-insensitive silver halide system to obtain camera-speed imaging with good resolution of the resulting image. The process comprises imagewise exposing a photosensitive layer containing dispersed silver halide in operative association with a multifunctional hydrophilic polymeric coupler, developing the exposed layer with a multifunctional developing agent, and removing the undeveloped, noncross-linked areas by washing with a solvent.