Abstract: The invention provides a photographic element comprising a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing a cyan dye-forming coupler of formula (I), a phenolic solvent of formula (II) and a bisphenol derivative compound of formula (III): wherein the substituents are as defined herein the specification.

Abstract: A process for making a direct dispersion of a photographically useful material is discloses comprising: mixing (i) an aqueous phase comprising a gelatin solution and (ii) a liquid organic phase comprising a photographically useful material under conditions of high shear or turbulence to form a fine dispersion of the organic phase having an average particle size of less than 0.5 micron dispersed in the aqueous phase; wherein the gelatin solution comprises a mixture of a first gelatin having an isoelectric point pH of less than or equal to 5.2 and a second gelatin having an isoelectric point pH of greater than or equal to 6.0. In accordance with the invention, the use of blends of a first gelatin having an pI of less than or equal to 5.2, such as a conventional lime processed gelatin, and a second gelatin having an pI of greater than or equal to 6.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon photographic constituent layers comprising at least three silver halide emulsion layers each having a spectral sensitivity different from one another and containing yellow, magenta and cyan color forming couplers, respectively and a light-insensitive hydrophilic colloid layer, wherein the cyan color forming coupler is at least one dye forming coupler represented by the formula (I) shown below, at least one of the silver halide emulsion layers containing the cyan color forming coupler contains a silver halide emulsion composed of high silver chloride content grains having a silver chloride content of 80 mol % or more, and the high silver chloride content grains are tabular silver halide grains having (100) faces as major faces: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed comprising a support bearing at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer comprising a dispersion of a dye-forming coupler and a water-insoluble polymer, wherein the polymer has a glass transition temperature of less than 75.degree. C. and is formed from at least 30 wt % monomer units which provide the polymer with functional groups that are hydrogen bond donors. The combination of such relatively low T.sub.g polymers with couplers in photographic elements leads to both decreased pressure sensitivity and improved image-dye light stability, as well as a decreased tendency toward dye smear or thermal induced change. The advantages of the invention are particularly useful for yellow coupler dispersions used in photographic color paper elements on reflective supports, although they will also be useful for motion picture print film and other projection or display films on transparent or diffuse supports.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon photographic component layers, at least one of the component layers containing a coupler represented by the following formula, and the photographic material having an overall silver potential of 50 to 120 mV.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a dispersion material which is obtained by emulsifying a mixture of a yellow coupler represented by the formula and a polymer compound that is insoluble in water and soluble in an organic solvent.

Abstract: A silver halide light sensitive photographic element is disclosed comprising a support bearing at least one yellow image forming hydrophilic colloid layer comprising yellow image dye forming couplers and a substituted bisphenol light stabilizer compound which has a melting point of greater than 20.degree. C., wherein the yellow image forming layer contains less than 10 wt % high boiling permanent solvent relative to the total amount of yellow coupler in the layer. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the yellow image forming layer is substantially free of high boiling permanent solvent. Light stability for yellow image dyes formed in an exposed and processed photographic element may be significantly improved where the yellow dyes are formed in a photographic layer which is substantially free of organic solvents, or which contains only a very low level of organic solvents, in combination with a substituted bisphenol light stabilizer compound which is a solid at room temperature.

Abstract: A color photographic material with a support and at least one spectrally sensitised silver halide emulsion layer containing at least one color coupler, which layer contains a polymer with repeat units of the structure I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 are identical or different and mean hydrogen, alkyl or halogen,L means a chemical bond or a linking member andX means a group which reacts with NH.sub.2 --, COOH-- or OH-- groups in an addition or condensation reaction,in dispersed form with an average particle size of <300 nm, is distinguished by improved "dark fading" stability.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprises a support and provided thereon a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the material comprises a water-insoluble alcoholic compound having a hydroxy group forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond.

Abstract: A silver halide light sensitive photographic element is disclosed comprising a support bearing at least one yellow image forming hydrophilic colloid layer comprising yellow image dye forming couplers, at least one hydrophilic colloid layer immediately adjacent to the yellow image forming layer, and at least one adjacent cyan or magenta image forming hydrophilic colloid layer comprising cyan or magenta image dye forming couplers; wherein the yellow image forming layer is substantially free of high boiling permanent solvent, any immediately adjacent hydrophilic colloid layers and the adjacent image forming layer are substantially free of high boiling permanent solvents having a logP value of less than about 5.5, and the adjacent image forming layer contains a high boiling permanent solvent having a logP value of at least about 5.5.

Abstract: Improvements in post process Dmin are provided in a photographic element that has a preferred coupler, hardener, and permanent solvent. The coupler of the element comprises between about 20 and 40 percent by weight of the coupler and oil phase components and the element further comprises chromanol stabilizer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which has a layer containing a swellable inorganic stratifying compound.

Abstract: A photographic element comprises an ultraviolet ray absorbing polyester support bearing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion layer, the support having adjacent thereto one or more contiguous non imaging layers between the support and the closest silver halide photographic emulsion layer said one or more contiguous layers containing a combined gelatin laydown of 2.3 g/m.sup.2 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming color images by processing in a short period of time color photographic materials containing at least one oil-soluble coupler with a color developer which does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol, wherein a silver halide color photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a reflective support, the emulsion layer containing a dispersion of oleophilic fine grains having a mean grain size of 0.25 .mu.m or less, which contain a coupler capable of forming a dye after having been coupled with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent, and at least one high boiling organic solvent having a dielectric constant of 4.00 or more (25.degree. C., 10 KHz). The photographic material is imagewise exposed and then subjected to development with a color developer which contains an aromatic primary amine developing agent but does not substantially contain benzyl alcohol for 2 minutes and 30 seconds or less.

Abstract: A silver halide black-and-white photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support provided thereon a silver halide emulsion layer and provided farther from the support another higher-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein both silver halide emulsion layers each have a coating weight of silver of not less than 0.5 g/m.sup.2 and are sensitized substantially to the same spectral region; at least two, different hydrazine compounds being contained in the silver halide emulsion layers or another photographic component layer.

Abstract: Silver halide photographic light-sensitive elements comprising a support having coated thereon a coupler dispersion containing layer comprising phenolic cyan dye forming couplers of Formula I and a high boiling organic solvent of Formulas II-V as defined in the specification, wherein the weight ratio in said layer of solvent of formulas II-V relative to coupler of formula I is from 0.1 to 0.5. Such elements provide relatively high cyan coupler reactivity to obtain satisfactory cyan dye density upon processing of the photographic material.

Abstract: A photographic coating composition comprising an aqueous medium containing a hydrophilic colloid and having dispersed therein solid particles of a yellow filter dye also contains a oxidized developer scavenger of formula III ##STR1## wherein x.sup.1 =hydrogen or a process cleavable group;R.sup.14 =an electron withdrawing and aqueous solubilizing group;R.sup.15 =a substituent group;R.sup.16 =a ballasting group;R.sup.17 =a substituent group;i=1, 2, 3, or 4; andj=1, 2, 3, or 4.The coating composition is stable with regard to crystal growth of the dispersed solid particles of filter dye even when held at coating temperatures (about 45.degree. C.) for several hours.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a support, and a silver halide emulsion layer and optionally a hydrophilic colloid layer provided on the support, in which the silver halide layer comprises a silver halide emulsion chemically sensitized in the presence of fine particles of a water-insoluble sulfur sensitizer which are added to the silver halide emulsion in a form of dispersion of solid particles.

Abstract: Photographic element are described comprising a support bearing a photographic silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a micro-precipitated dispersion of a high dye-yield coupler having the formula:COUP--(T).sub.m --L--DYEwhere COUP is the coupler moiety of the coupler capable of reacting at the coupling position with oxidized color developer to form a first dye, T is one or more timing groups with m=0, 1 or 2, L is a linking group selected from the group consisting of --OC(O)--, --OC(S)--, --SC(O)--, --SC(S)--, or --OC(.dbd.NSO.sub.2 R)--, where R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, and DYE is a second dye or precursor thereof comprising an electrically neutral chromophore. The invention also provides a photographic coupler dispersion, a photographic silver halide emulsion, and a process for forming an image in a photographic element in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: This invention provides an oil-in-water emulsion, particularly a photographic dispersion, having a reduced droplet size in the oil phase obtained by an increase in the viscosity of the aqueous phase prior to homogenization of the oil and aqueous phases; methods of forming thereof and to the use of the emulsion in a silver halide based photographic system.

Abstract: An emulsification and dispersion method of a hydrophobic, photographically useful compound comprising dispersing a water-insoluble phase containing the hydrophobic, photographically useful compound in water or in a hydrophilic colloid composition, wherein the water-insoluble phase at a temperature at which the prepared dispersion is stored may have a viscosity of from 100 poise or more to less than 1,000,000 poise at the shear rate of 10 sec.sup.-1. According to the present invention, a silver halide photographic material comprising a fine dispersion of a hydrophobic, photographically useful compound and having an excellent production suitability can be obtained.

Abstract: Coupler dispersions comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein an organic phase comprising (i) a primary photographic coupler comprising a first ballasting group containing at least 5 carbon atoms and (ii) an auxiliary photographic coupler comprising a second ballasting group, wherein the primary coupler and the auxiliary coupler are present in the dispersion at a weight ratio of from 4:1 to 99:1 and the auxiliary coupler differs from the primary coupler solely in that the second ballast group contains 2 or more additional carbon atoms and associated hydrogen atoms relative to the first ballasting group.

Abstract: The invention is accomplished by providing an aqueous dispersion of a photographic coupler by precipitation from a solvent solution by solvent and/or pH shift. A second aqueous dispersion of an activating permanent solvent for the photographic coupler is also provided. The dispersion of activating permanent solvent and photographic coupler are combined to form a combined dispersion with relatively low amounts of coupler solvent which may be then mixed with a gelatin dispersion of silver halide particles to form a photographic emulsion coating composition suitable for casting as a photographic element layer. The coupler is selected to have a logP greater than or equal to about 10 and the activating solvent is selected to have a logP greater than or equal to about 8 and a Tg less than or equal to about -80.degree. C. to provide stable, small size photographically active coupler dispersions without the need for nonionic water soluble polymers and with minimal amount of added solvent.

Abstract: Surfactants useful as dispersing aids in the preparation of compositions comprising a hydrophilic colloid having hydrophobic particles dispersed therein have the structure ##STR1## wherein M is a cation;X represents a group having the structure ##STR2## wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represents hydrogen or alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together represent cycloalkyl; or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 taken together represent cycloalkyl; and,n represents 0 or 1;provided that the total number of carbon atoms in each X group is 3 or 4, and when R.sup.1 is hydrogen R.sup.2 is other than methyl. Such surfactants offer coating and photographic property advantages when incorporated in multilayer photographic materials comprising a support bearing a plurality of hydrophilic colloid layers.

Abstract: A method is described for preparing a concentrated dispersion of a photographically useful compound ready-for-use in coating solutions of hydrophilic colloid layers of a silver halide photographic material, wherein said compound has at least one ionisable acid site on its molecule, the said method comprising the steps of deprotonising and solubilising the said compound in alkaline medium; microprecipitating the said compound and milling the microprecipitated compound obtained, coating the said dispersion of a photographically useful compound in non-light-sensitive and/or light-sensitive hydrophilic layers of a silver halide photographic material, wherein milling proceeds during and/or after the microprecipitating step.

Abstract: Solid particle dispersions of compounds useful in imaging elements can be made with substantially improved stability to particle growth by dispersing the compound of interest in the presence of a relatively small amount of a second compound that is structurally similar to the compound of interest. This second compound is combined with the compound of interest prior to dispersing the compound of interest, i.e., prior to milling in the case of milled dispersions, and prior to precipitation in the case of pH or solvent precipitated dispersions. While being distinct, the second compound has a similar chemical structure to the main compound.

Abstract: A process for buffering concentrated aqueous slurries comprising the steps of:providing a particulate solid substance comprising a weak acid functional group, having effective pK.sub.a1 >1 and less than 1% by weight aqueous solubility at pH=pK.sub.a1 ;providing an aqueous solution consisting essentially of water or a mixture of water with water-miscible solvent, at pH less than the greater of 7 and pK.sub.a1 +2;providing a buffering salt of a weak acid, where the weak acid associated with this buffering salt has pK.sub.a2 and wherepK.sub.a1 -2.ltoreq.pK.sub.a2 ; andcombining said aqueous solution, said particulate solid substance, and said buffering salt to form a slurry;wherein said process is essentially devoid of any step comprising the addition of any weak acid, other than that arising from reaction between said buffering salt and said particulate solid substance, having greater than 2% by weight aqueous solubility at pH=pK.sub.a1 is disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon photographic constituent layers with at least one layer thereof containing water-insoluble polymers, wherein at least one of the water-insoluble polymers is a polymer containing an aromatic ring and having a number average molecular weight of 4,000 or less and the weight percentage of the aromatic ring in the polymer molecule is 40% or more.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material that comprises, in at least one photographic layer constituting the material, a dispersion containing fine grains of a solid dye represented by the following general formula (II), wherein the solid dye has been subjected to heat treatment at 40.degree. C. or higher, and wherein the dispersion further contains a specific water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer-compound that has a hydrophobic group bonding at a terminal of a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl ester: ##STR1## wherein D represents a residue of a compound having a chromophoric group; X represents a dissociating hydrogen atom, or a group having a dissociating hydrogen atom, which atom or group connects to the D directly or via a divalent connecting group; and y is an integer of 1 to 7. The photographic light-sensitive material prevents any change of viscosity with the lapse of time due to the dye in a state of dispersion solution containing fine grains of the dye.

Abstract: Spectral properties of dye images produced from low silver halide coverage materials are improved by using dyes which are formed in the magenta, yellow and cyan image dye-forming units. These dyes have certain spectral characteristics, as determined by their unwanted absorptions, in combination with certain silver halide emulsion grain characteristics in each emulsion layer. In particular, reduction of unwanted absorptions can be achieved either with couplers per se which meet these characteristics or by the use of certain high-boiling solvents in the coupler dispersions at preferred levels.

Abstract: There is disclosed an emulsified dispersion, in which at least one compound of the formula (1) dissolved in an organic solvent comprising at least one high-boiling organic solvent satisfying the condition X.gtoreq.85 in formula (A) is emulsified in a water medium; with the proviso that phthalates and compounds having an epoxy group and having the viscosity less than 100 mPas are excluded from said high-boiling organic solvents: formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6, which are the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 may bond together to form a 6-membered ring,formula (A)X=24.7.times.Log.sub.10 Y-11.7.times.Z+43.7wherein Y and Z stand for, respectively, the viscosity in mPas at 25.degree. C. and the specific water content in % by weight of the high-boiling organic solvent. There is also disclosed a silver halide color light-sensitive material containing the emulsified dispersion.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is disclosed, which comprises a support having thereon at least one yellow coloring light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one magenta coloring light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one cyan coloring light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one of said yellow coloring light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer contains at least one dye-forming coupler represented by formula (Y) and at least one non-coloring compound represented by formula (A) or (B): ##STR1## with the substituents as defined herein the specification.

Abstract: The invention provides a photographic element comprising a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a cyan coupler represented by formula (I) in combination with a phenolic solvent represented by formula (II): ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.3 represents an alkyl group of 2 to 15 carbon atoms;R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group;R.sub.6 represents an alkyl or aryl group;X represents a halogen atom; andZ represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being split off by oxidized color developer; andeach R independently represents a substituent while q represents an integer from 1 to 3;provided that all R groups taken together contain at least 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Silver halide photographic light-sensitive elements comprising a support having coated thereon a coupler dispersion containing layer comprising phenolic cyan dye forming couplers of Formula I and a high boiling organic solvent of Formulas II-V as defined in the specification, wherein the weight ratio in said layer of solvent of formulas II-V relative to coupler of formula I is from 0.1 to 0.5. Such elements provide relatively high cyan coupler reactivity to obtain satisfactory cyan dye density upon processing of the photographic material.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic element comprising a magenta dye forming coupler and a compound of formula (A) associated with the coupler: ##STR1## wherein: each R.sup.20 independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl, or heteroaryl group;Ar represents an aryl or heteroaryl group. Photographic elements of the present invention exhibit low thermal pinking, while still having good image stability and hue.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material having at least one photographic constitutional layer on a support, wherein at least one reducing agent for color formation, which is a specific hydrazine compound, at least one dye-forming coupler, and at least one high-boiling-point organic solvent whose electron-donative parameter .DELTA..nu..sub.D at 25.degree. C. is 80 or more, are contained in at least one of said photographic constitutional layers. The above light-sensitive material enables low replenishment and reduced discharge of a color developer; can form colors favorably even when the coating film's pH is low; and is reduced in stain due to long-term storage of the light-sensitive material or stain after the processing of the light-sensitive material.

Abstract: The invention provides a photographic element comprising a polyester support bearing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion layer, the support having adjacent thereto a polymer-containing subbing layer, the subbing layer having adjacent thereto a layer comprising a hydrophilic binder containing dispersed droplets of a high boiling hydrophobic organic liquid, said liquid having a logarithm of its octanol/water partition coefficient (log P) value greater than 7.7. The invention also includes a process for preparing a photographic element of the invention and a process for forming an image in an element of the invention. The invention further includes a photographic element comprising a polyester support bearing a hydrophilic layer containing an antihalation agent, such as elemental silver, with or without an intervening subbing layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a photographic element which comprises a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a cyan dye-forming coupler having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 represents an alkyl or aryl group;R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;Ar represents an aryl group; andZ represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being split off by reaction of the coupler with an oxidized color developing agent.Such elements provide an improved cyan dye hue upon development.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is disclosed which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one photographic layer containing: (i) at least one yellow dye-forming coupler represented by formula (I); and (ii) a compound represented by formula (IV), or an oligomer or polymer comprising a moiety of the compound represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represents an aliphatic oxy group, an aliphatic group, an aryloxy group, an aryl group, an aliphatic amino group, or an anilino group; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, or an aryl group; and Q represents a dye-forming coupler residue capable of forming a yellow dye by undergoing a coupling reaction with an oxidation product of a developing agent;R.sub.31 CON(R.sub.32)R.sub.33 (IV)wherein R.sub.31, R.sub.32, and R.sub.33 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, or an aryl group; provided that the sum of the carbon atom numbers of R.sub.31, R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support is disclosed. The light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer contains tabular silver halide grains having an average aspect ratio of 2 or more and contains a compound represented by the following formula (I) and/or the oxidized product thereof:X.sub.1 --A--X.sub.2 Formula (I)wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 each represent OR.sub.1 or ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being converted to a hydrogen atom upon hydrolysis, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, heterocyclic sulfonyl, heterocyclic carbonyl, sulfamoyl, or carbamoyl, A represents arylene, and at least one of the groups representative of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, and A is substituted by a group which accelerates adsorption to a silver halide grain.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material contains a specific pyrroloazole-type cyan coupler and a high-boiling organic solvent selected from phosphoric ester, phosphonic ester, phosphinic ester, and phosphine oxide in a cyan forming silver halide emulsion layer formed on a support.

Abstract: Low melting point epoxy scavenger compounds are disclosed which contain a pH dependent ionizable group to facilitate migration of the scavenger from an adjacent scavenger layer (that does not contain any coupler) to an imaging layer (containing coupler and emulsion) of a photographic element at the pH of development. One aspect of the invention comprises a process of forming an aqueous dispersion of an epoxy compound of the structural formula SI: ##STR1## wherein: R is H, an alkyl group, or an aryl group; L.sub.1 is an alkyl group or an aryl group; L.sub.2 is --O--, --CO--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --PO.sub.2 --, --CO.sub.2 --, --NHCO-- or --NHSO.sub.2 --, wherein L.sub.2 may be orientated in either direction; L.sub.3 is an alkyl group; m is 0 or 1; p is 0 or 1; and X is ##STR2## wherein R' is H or an alkyl or aryl group, with the proviso that where L.sub.2 comprises an ionizable group, X may also be an alkyl group or an aryl group; wherein the compound has a melting point of less than about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing microprecipitated dispersions of filter dyes by preparing a concentrated slurry in aqueous medium of a filter dye having ionizable acid sites on the dye molecule, adding sufficient aqueous hydroxide to dissolve the filter dye, acidifying the solution with a stoichiometric amount of acidic protons to reprotonate up to 100% of the total ionizable acid sites on the dye molecule and provide a microprecipitated dispersion of the filter dye that is insoluble in aqueous media at pH values less than 3 but soluble in aqueous media at pH greater than 10.

Abstract: Disclosed are a photographic yellow dye-forming coupler of formula (I) and a photographic material containing one or more such yellow couplers. ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylamino group, an anilino group, or a heterocyclic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic-oxy group, an aryloxy group, an aliphatic group, or an amino group; R.sub.3 represents an alkenyl group; R.sub.4 represents a substituent; m represents an integer of from 0 to 3; and X represents a hydrogen atom, or a group capable of being split off from the formula by the coupling reaction with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent. The couplers have a high solubility in solvents, and emulsions containing the couplers can be stored in cool for a long period of time without worsening the coloring property of the couplers.

Abstract: This invention describes gelatin thickening compounds for photographic coating melts with the general structure: ##STR1## wherein: A is an aromatic or heteroaromatic group;X is SO.sub.3 M or CO.sub.2 MM is H or an alkali metal, ammonium or pyridinium ion; each R1 and R2 is independently an alkyl or substituted alkyl group, each alkyl group being straight or branched chain and having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;each R3 and R4 is independently H or an alkyl or substituted alkyl group, each alkyl group being straight or branched chain and having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;each of a, b, c and e is independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that a+b+c+e is at least 1; andd is 1, 2, or 3;with the further proviso that when A is phenyl, X is SO.sub.3 M, d is 1 and any one of a, c, or e is 1, the sum of a+b+c+e is at least 2; and wherein there is a substantial absence of a compound containing one or more --SO.sub.2.sup.- groups in the composition.

Abstract: A color diffusion transfer film unit containing an alkali processing element as one of elements constituting the film unit, wherein at least one of the elements contains at least one oligomer or polymer having surface activity. The film unit can contain a small amount of a photographically useful substance in a stable state. The film unit forms a clear image at a high rate of image formation.

Abstract: A process for forming a nanocrystalline dispersion of a photographically useful compound in a continuous phase comprising the steps of:providing a nanoamorphous dispersion of said photographically useful compound in said continuous phase, andannealing said nanoamorphous dispersion to transform the physical state of said chemical compound therein to a crystalline physical state and to thereby obtain a nanocrystalline dispersion is disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material which comprises a support having thereon at least one layer containing at least one compound represented by the following general formulaR.sup.1 --SO.sub.2 NH.sub.2wherein R.sup.1 represents an unsubstituted aliphatic group having 6 or more carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aryl group or an aryl group substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aryloxy group, a carbamoyl group, an acylamino group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group and a halogen atom, provided that R.sup.1 does not contain any coupler residue.

Abstract: This invention provides composition and method to overcome the very high viscosity of prior small-particle dispersions when admixed with gelatin in aqueous solution for coating a photographic film element.The invention is generally accomplished by the utilization of a second surfactant in the melt formulated by the admixture of the small-particle dispersion and the gelatin solution. The surfactants of this invention, that is, utilized to control the rheology of such said melts, have the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein n=5 to 20 andx=1 to 4.

Abstract: A process for making a direct dispersion of a photographically useful material is disclosed comprising subjecting a mixture of an aqueous gelatin solution, a liquid organic phase comprising a photographically useful material, and an ionic polymer to conditions of high shear or turbulence to form a fine dispersion of the organic phase having an average particle size of less than 0.5 micron dispersed in the aqueous solution; wherein the ratio of the organic phase viscosity to the aqueous gelatin solution viscosity in the absence of the ionic polymer, measured at the temperature of the dispersion forming step, is greater than a value of 2.0, and the ionic polymer is a water soluble or dispersible substantially non-surface active polyelectrolyte which has a molecular weight of at least 10,000 selected from: i) synthetic polymers derived from at least 5 mole % of monomers which contain --OSO.sub.3 M, --SO.sub.3 M, --COOM, or ---OPO(OM).sub.