Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon, in succession, a 1st silver halide photographic light-sensitive emulsion layer, a photographic auxiliary layer, and a 2nd silver halide photographic light-sensitive emulsion layer, or comprising a support having on one side thereof a 1st silver halide light-sensitive layer and on the other side thereof a photographic auxiliary layer and a 2nd silver halide photographic light-sensitive layer, the photographic auxiliary layer having a spectral reflectance of higher than 20% in a wavelength range of 410 nm to 700 nm and a spectral transmittance of higher than 5% in the same wavelength range. The invention provides a color photographic material giving recorded images, etc., capable of viewing by both reflected light and transmitted light.

Abstract: A document has information appearing thereon, with at least a portion of the information being located on a front face of a portion of the document. The front face portion has a color with a sufficiently low reflection spectral response to render the document portion substantially incapable of being photocopied in an information-readable manner. The document portion is capable of transmitting visible light from the rear face to the front face to cause sufficient contrast between the relatively non-translucent information and the transmitted light to enable the information to be read by a human eye viewing the front face of the document when visible light is transmitted through the document from the rear face to the front face.

Abstract: A photosensitive element containing a photosensitive composition sandwiched between a flexible support layer and a removable cover sheet, wherein the cover sheet has a roughened surface.

Abstract: A coating composition for the backside of photographic prints and photographic prints so coated are described. The white coating is reflective, flexible, and water resistant.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described, comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide photographic light-sensitive emulsion layer, said photographic light-sensitive material further comprising at least one light-insensitive surface layer on at least one side thereof, at least one of said surface layer or layers comprising a graft polymer or copolymer having a silicone unit, and at least one of said surface layer or layers and a layer or layers adjacent to the surface layer or layers comprising an antistatic agent.The silver halide light-sensitive material has good antistatic property and reduced sliding friction without giving bad influences on the photographic properties; has good antistatic property and lubricity after development processing; has improved antistatic property and lubricity without reducing the coating properties at the production of the photographic light-sensitive material; and forms no scum during development processing.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of stable aqueous dispersions of finely divided solid spherical polymer beads having an average particle size between about 0.5 and about 5 .mu.m and having a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. by dissolving in an aqueous solvent mixture at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of forming a polymer that is soluble in the monomer(s) present in said aqueous solvent mixture but which is insoluble in said aqueous solvent mixture, a free radical-forming polymerization initiator, and a graft-polymerizable polymer containing hydrophilic groups, heating the solution to a temperature from 50.degree. C. to the reflux temperature thereof with stirring so as to form said polymer beads. The polymer beads can be used in an antifriction surface layer, an antihalation surface layer, an antistatic surface layer, or in a protective surface layer of a photographic element or in a top layer of a drafting film containing a photosensitive layer.

Abstract: A support of photographic paper one of whose surfaces is provided with a writing-retainable layer capable of retaining penciled characters, marks, ink, etc. The writing-retainable layer comprises crystalline silica having a number-average particle size of 0.1-3.0 .mu.m and a film-forming organic polymer.

Abstract: The photographic silver halide recording material contains particles of a hydroxyalkyl-alkyl cellulose dicarboxylic acid semiester having a particle size of from 0.5 to 8 .mu.m and a particle size distribution of up to .+-.2 .mu.m dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid in at least one of its outermost layers.

Abstract: A photohardenable element comprising a support bearing, in order, optionally a solvent-soluble nonphotosensitive layer, at least one photohardenable layer and a nonphotosensitive liquid removable layer, the photohardenable layer present immediately beneath the nonphotosensitive layer having therein substantially discrete, inert particles at least some of which cause protuberances in the nonphotosensitive layer. The particles have a size range of 0.1 to 10.0 .mu.m, not more than 50% by volume being below 3.5 .mu.m. A preferred element contains two photohardenable layers, the lower layer having an optical density greater than 3.0 over at least the 300 to 550 nm spectral region. The elements can be used for the preparation of proofs and printing plates.

Abstract: A process for producing a light-sensitive lithographic plate requiring no dampening solution comprising (1) carrying out corona discharge treatment on the surface of a silicone rubber layer of a light-sensitive lithographic plate requiring no dampening solution wherein the silicone rubber layer is the top layer, (2) spraying a solution or dispersion containing a non-volatile solid component on said silicone rubber layer, and (3) drying to provide fine projection patterns on said silicone rubber layer.

Abstract: A photosensitive element containing a photosensitive composition sandwiched between a flexible support layer and a removable cover sheet, wherein the photosensitive composition has a roughened surface.

Abstract: A photographic element of the conventional wet processed type or of the dry silver type which includes an antihalation or acutance dye which absorbs in the near infrared and has a relatively low visible absorption while retaining a high extinction coefficient at .sub.max. The dye is of the general formula: ##STR1## in which: m+p=2,n is 0 or 1,s is 0 or 1,Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 independently represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic nucleus of the type present in cyanine dyes,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent an alkyl or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl or aralkyl group of up to 20 carbon atoms,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl or substituted alkenyl group of up to 10 carbon atoms,R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A photobleachable layer has been found to improve the resolution limits of two-layer photoresists for making integrated circuits.

Abstract: The contact of an image-bearing film to the surface of a photosensitive polyamide printing plate is improved by forming an anti-stickiness layer on the photosensitive polyamide layer, the anti-stickiness layer comprising a polymer which is soluble or dispersible in a developer for the photosensitive polyamide, and having a thickness of 0.2 to 20.mu. and having a matted surface.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material is described, comprising(1) an emulsion layer containing light-sensitive silver halide grains, and(2) a layer containing metal salt grains on which a dye is adsorbed, which cannot be substantially developed and are sparingly soluble in water,wherein the absorption maximum of said dye is separated by 20 nm or more from the sensitization maximum of an emulsion layer located in a position farther from the light source than the layer containing said dye.

Abstract: A photosensitive element containing a photosensitive composition sandwiched between a flexible support layer and a removable cover sheet, wherein the cover sheet has a roughened surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive material which comprises a support and at least an undercoating layer and a silver halide emulsion layer, said undercoating layer containing a matting agent having an average particle size larger than the thickness of the undercoating layer. Use of this photosensitive material for diffusion transfer process causes neither slipping between the photosensitive material and the image receptive layer nor pinholes in silver images.

Abstract: This invention relates to a light-sensitive copying material comprising a layer support and a positive-working light-sensitive layer thereon having a rough surface and a content of finely divided particles, wherein the smallest dimension of the particles corresponds at least to the thickness of the layer.

Abstract: A light-sensitive printing plate is disclosed. The printing plate is comprised of a support base having a light-sensitive layer positioned thereon and a matting layer comprised of a micropattern of protuberances. The protuberances are present in a regular or randomly mixed manner on the light-sensitive layer and are comprised of a copolymer. The copolymer includes a monomer (unit a) with a sulfonic acid group, a monomer (unit b) selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety thereof and alkyl methacrylates having 4 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety thereof and a monomer (unit c) copolymerizable with monomer (unit a) and monomer (unit b), monomer (unit c) as a copolymer having a glass transition point of 60.degree. C. or above. The matting layer does not cause staining of a film original when superposed thereon and is resistant to rubbing or pressure and provides a surface which can be vacuum contacted with a film in a short period of time.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material for photomechanical process and a method for the reduction treatment of said light-sensitive material are described. The light-sensitive material comprises a support, at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one light-insensitive upper layer, characterized in that at least one light-insensitive upper layer contains a polymer comprising: (a) a monomer unit containing at least one group having an electric charge; and (b) a monomer unit having a functional group capable of crosslinking through a gelatin hardening agent with a like functional group of another polymer chain of the same type or with gelatin. The light-sensitive material is very advantageous; for example, it has greatly improved reduction treatment suitability, and the reduction treatment suitability is not deteriorated even if the amount of silver coated per unit area is reduced.

Abstract: A photohardenable element comprising a support bearing, in order, optionally a solvent-soluble nonphotosensitive layer, at least one photohardenable layer and a nonphotosensitive liquid removable layer, the photohardenable layer present immediately beneath the nonphotosensitive layer having therein substantially discrete, inert particles at least some of which cause protuberances in the nonphotosensitive layer. The particles have a size range of 0.1 to 10.0 .mu.m, not more than 50% by volume being below 3.5 .mu.m. A preferred element contains two photohardenable layers, the lower layer having an optical density greater than 3.0 over at least the 300 to 550 nm spectral region. The elements can be used for the preparation of proofs and printing plates.

Abstract: Gravure printing plates which are highly abrasion-resistant and scratch-resistant can be produced rapidly and simply from a photosensitive recording material by exposing the latter through a photographic positive, washing out the unexposed areas and drying the resulting gravure printing plate, if the photosensitive recording material employed, which comprises a photopolymerizable and/or photocrosslinkable layer (L) applied to a dimensionally stable base, contains finely divided, hard, abrasive particles in the layer (L), the surface of this layer, which subsequently constitutes the surface of the printing plate, has a peak-to-valley height of <2 .mu.m, and the materials of this layer are chosen so that, after exposure and development, it has a Vickers hardness of not less than 10 N/mm.sup.2, measured under load.

Abstract: A negative-acting photoresist imaging system is provided having a substrate, a metal layer, a latently sensitized, crosslinkable, negative-acting photoresist base layer, and a negative-acting photoresist layer. The system may further have an organic protective coat between the metal layer and the base layer, a matte top layer, and/or an antistatic layer on the back side of the substrate.

Abstract: Process for improving the printing quality of photohardenable reproduction materials for the production of relief printing plates whose surface has been abraded before imagewise exposure, by filling in the abraded relief with the photohardenable material itself or with a thermoplastic binder.

Abstract: The recording material contains in an outer layer pre-formed polymer particles, the particle size of which is less than 10 .mu.m and which have a particle size distribution of .+-.1 .mu.m, which are soluble in alkaline medium and are dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid, and which are a graft copolymer of methacrylic acid and methyl-methacrylate on the graft base of an .alpha.-olefin- or styrene-maleic acid semiamide-copolymer.

Abstract: An opaque reflective print copy is produced by transferring via heat and pressure, an electrophotographically formed toner image to a presoftened transparent thermoplastic thin layer carried bonded to an opaque substrate. The print is formed of at least one generally planar toner image layer embedded in the plastic layer near the outer surface thereof whereby light illuminating the print enters the thin layer and is reflected from the interface between said layer and said substrate, passing through the toner particles as well as being reflected from the toner particles themselves, whereby to provide an image having greater depth intensity and contrast than can be obtained using silver halide photographic film, all without distortion of the image, loss in density or loss in resolution. The substrate may have smooth or roughened surface, and may be selected from plain or coated paper, metal, stone, stretchable and/or inflatable media as well as irregularly shaped objects.

Abstract: Novel polymers having the structure--A).sub.x, --B).sub.y and --C).sub.z ;whereinA represents a polymerized acrylonitrile monomer;B represents a polymerized hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomer;C represents a polymerized ionically charged vinyl monomer;x is from 10 to 90 weight percent;y is from 5 to 40 weight percent except that when B is a vinyl halide monomer, y is 10 to 89.9 weight percent; andz is from 0.1 to 10 weight percentThe polymers are useful in forming protective overcoats for photographic elements.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive element having on a support, at least one silver halide light-sensitive emulsion layer which has thereon a protective layer composed of a binder containing a non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloid. The protective layer is made up of an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer contains oil particles in the form of water-insoluble liquid droplets finely dispersed in the binder and the inner layer contains fine solid particles wherein the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer to the outer layer is at least 1.5.

Abstract: An optical barrier layer for use in reflection type image carrying media of the type wherein a thin transparent image receiving layer includes an image which is viewed through one side of the image receiving layer with ambient light that is reflected from a light scattering layer located on the other side of the image-receiving layer. The optical barrier layer is a thin, transparent layer located between the image receiving layer and the light scattering layer and operates to minimize nonlinear density effects of multiple internal reflections.

Abstract: A silver halide color reversal photographic material comprising a backing layer containing both gelatin of an isoelectric point of 5.5 or more and a cationic polymer is disclosed. By utilizing the particular backing layer the color reversal photographic material has increased retouchability.

Abstract: A photographic recording material for the production of color images to be viewed by reflected light contains, on a transparent support layer at least 60 .mu.m in thickness with smooth surfaces, a plurality of silver halide emulsion layers with differing spectral sensitivities and color couplers associated therewith and a light reflective opaque layer of binder. The material is developed chromogenically from the coated side. Exposure and viewing are carried out through the transparent support layer.

Abstract: A thermal recording element comprising a support having formed thereon a recording layer, a first protective layer comprising an organic high molecular weight material having a softening point below about 70.degree. C. formed on the recording layer, and a second protective layer comprising an organic high molecular weight material having high mechanical strength.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a photomechanical process which has an excellent reduction processing aptitude is disclosed. The material is comprised of a support having a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer thereon and a light-insensitive layer disposed outside the silver halide emulsion layer. The light-insensitive layer contains a hydrophilic colloidal binder coated in such an amount per unit area as to be 1.0 or more times that of a hydrophilic colloidal binder contained in the silver halide emulsion layer.

Abstract: A print surface is formed by photoexposure of a photocurable resin layer through a photomask comprising an image-wise distribution of opaque material on its image surface, and sticking of the image surface to the resin layer during photoexposure is prevented by providing over the image surface a clear thin film of a natural gum or other material that is impermeable to softeners such as alcohols that are liberated from the resin layer. A coated photomask may be made by image-wise laser scanning of a transparent sheet to which opaque material such as graphite is bonded by a binder such as an alkyl cellulose, followed by application of the film over the resultant image-wise distribution of opaque material.

Abstract: Photographic elements, comprising a support, at least a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and an external non light-sensitive gelatin protective layer, have the surface delustered by the presence in the external protective layer of water-soluble vinyl polymers which contain, as pendant groups, methylolamide moieties.Preferably said water-soluble vinyl polymers are polymethylolacrylamide and copolymers of methylolacrylamide and other unsaturated vinyl monomers, such as ethylacrylate, acrylamide, acrylic acid, ethylvinylether and butylvinylether, said copolymers containing at least 50% by weight of unities derived from the vinyl monomer containing the methylolamide moiety.

Abstract: A matt surface can be provided on a photographic material comprising a support base, one or more light-sensitive gelatin silver halide emulsion layers and an outer non-light-sensitive gelatin layer coated on said layers if discrete particles, insoluble in water and substantially soluble in aqueous alkaline medium, of a carboxyl group containing copolymer are introduced into said outer layer. The particles, of a diameter between 0.5 and 4 micron, are introduced into the coating composition of the outer layer as a dispersion of a methacrylic acid and ethylmethacrylate copolymer containing 20 to 50 percent by weight of methacrylic acid, which dispersion is obtained by dispersing in an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic colloid a solution of said copolymer in ethylacetate or water-including ethylacetate.

Abstract: Process for modifying the tacky surface of a surprint multicolor proof having at least two nonplanar, nonsilver halide colored photoimaged elements bonded to a support and an outer photosensitive tacky layer whereby at least one particulate material, 0.1 to 20.mu. average particle size, having an oil absorbtivity of at least 30% by weight based on the weight of particulate material determined by Gardner-Coleman Method, ASTM D-1483-60 treated with at least 5% by weight of a transparentizing oil liquid having a boiling point greater than 100.degree. C. whereby the treated particulate material is applied to the tacky surface and the excess material is removed. The proofs obtained are excellent matches to press proofs on various surfaces.

Abstract: An electrically-conductive support for an electrophotographic medium, comprising a support and an electrically-conductive layer provided on the support is disclosed. The electrically-conductive layer comprises a binder and electrically-conductive metal oxide fine particles having an average grain size of 0.5.mu. or less, dispersed in the binder.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and a protective layer on one side of the support and a non-photosensitive back layer on the other side of the support. The amount of silver halide in the emulsion layer is not more than 30 mg/dm.sup.2. A matting agent in indeterminate form is included in the protective layer and a substantially spherical matting agent is included in the back layer.

Abstract: A silver halide photosensitive material comprising a support, a silver halide photosensitive layer, and a protective layer formed on said support. The protective layer is essentially composed on a plurality of non-photosensitive hydrophilic colloidal layers at least one of which contains oil particles. The outermost layer of the hydrophilic colloidal layers contains a matting agent in the form of colloidal particles and has a thickness of not more than one fourth of the average size of the matting agent particles and wherein the density of the oil particles in said outermost layer does not exceed 0.2 by volume of the binder, and that of the oil particles in the protective layers other than the outermost layer is in the range of 0.1 to 0.8.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is described containing in its outermost layer a high molecular weight matting agent formed from at least one kind of alkali insoluble synthetic polymer grains having a glass transition point of at least 60.degree. C. and an average grain size of from 0.2 to 10, and said polymer is represented by the formula (I):--A).sub.x (B).sub.y (C).sub.z (I)wherein A represents a divalent group derived from at least one monomer having the formula (II); B represents a divalent group derived from at least one monomer having the formula (III), whose homopolymer has a glass transition point of at least 50.degree. C.; C represents a divalent group derived from an ethylenic unsaturated monomer other than A or B which is capable of copolymerizing with the monomers forming both A and B; x represents the fractional content of group A, which ranges from 0.005 to 0.20 mol/mol of polymer of formula (I); y represents the fractional content of group B, which ranges from 0.50 to 0.

Abstract: A planar, solid, light-transmitting coating (7) is applied directly to a photoresist layer (6) before the exposure of the latter in the production of integrated circuits by photolithography. Any dust particles will thus be held separated from the photoresist layer (6) by a distance at which they are less effective optically. The probability of the occurrence of standing waves is reduced by increasing the total thickness of the combined layer (6+7) covering the semiconductor (5) proper.

Abstract: The finished surface of a multicolor surprint proof is made to exhibit a matte appearance and closely simulate the surface texture of the printing stock to which it is applied. Individual colored image adhesive layers are laminated in register to a receptor sheet which comprises a coated layer of film-forming polymer composition on a polyester carrier sheet having a matte texture surface. Subsequent to final adhesive lamination of the assembled surprint to desired printing stock, the receptor carrier sheet is stripped from the polymer film layer to yield a tough protective film overlayer which complements the matte texture of the original receptor carrier sheet surface and provides the desired matte appearance of the multicolor proof.

Abstract: It is generally undesirable to have surfaces on photographic elements which are highly reflective and therefore reduce the attractiveness of the image. One of the traditional means of correcting this reflectance is to coat the developed film or print with an anti-reflective coating or to place a glass cover over the imaged photographic element where the glass itself has an anti-reflective surface.According to the present invention, an anti-reflective surface may be provided within the photographic element itself by including within a top coat gelatin layer a combination of a first water-soluble soft matting agent incompatible with gelatin and a second water-insoluble soft matting agent.

Abstract: Photographic elements, multicolor filters and receivers are disclosed having supports providing microvessels for materials such as radiation-sensitive materials, imaging materials, mordants, silver precipitating agents and materials which are useful in conjunction with these materials. Processes of forming microvessels and introducing materials therein are also disclosed. Processes of forming images are disclosed employing microvessel containing elements. Image transfer processes are disclosed for producing one or a combination of silver and multicolor subtractive primary images alone or in combination with multicolor additive primary images.

Abstract: It is generally undesirable to have surfaces on photographic elements which are highly reflective and therefore reduce the attractiveness of the image. One of the traditional means of correcting this reflectance is to coat the developed film or print with an anti-reflective coating or to place a glass cover over the imaged photographic element where the glass itself has an anti-reflective surface.According to the present invention, an anti-reflective surface may be provided within the photographic element itself by including within a top coat gelatin layer a water-soluble dextran incompatible with gelatin.

Abstract: A transfer film for use in electrophotographic copiers comprising a matted plastic film having a UL temperature index of at least 120.degree. C. and at least one side of which has a surface roughness of at least 1.0 micron.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive silver halide element is described comprising a support, at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a light-scattering layer. This element is used for forming a dot image by a photographic exposure using laser through a contact screen. The light-scattering layer is provided in such a manner that the silver halide emulsion layer is exposed to laser through the light-scattering layer.

Abstract: For improving the contrast of information displayed on the screen, there is placed in front of this latter a filter comprising a matrix of channels pierced in a photosensitive glass plate. The pierced plate is covered over the whole of its surface with a blackened deposit so as to reduce to the maximum its coefficient of reflection. Thus filters can be formed readily on request, according to the direction of observation in particular, with a good coefficient of transmission and improved contrast.

Abstract: A light-solubilizable composition comprising at least one o-quinonediazide compound and at least one alkali-soluble resin compatible therewith as essential components and containing fine particles dispersed therein which:(1) have an average particle size of 500 m.mu. or less;(2) are insoluble in an organic solvent used to coat the light-solubilizable composition and have a hydrophobic surface;(3) are transparent or white; and(4) have a refractive index of 1.3 to 1.7,in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on said light-solubilizable composition.