Abstract: A ball includes a core, a cover, and cracking element or cracking layer. The cracking layer may be deformed or actuated to create discontinuities in the cover. The creation of discontinuities allows for easier recycling of the ball parts. The cracking layer may include one of a bladder or a hydrophilic material that expand upon the introduction of a fluid, a shape memory polymer that deforms upon application of a stimulus, or two materials that react chemically to form a gas.

Abstract: A golf ball comprising: an inner core formed from a first substantially homogenous rubber composition comprising a carbon-carbon initiator, the inner core having a geometric center and a first outer surface having a hardness less than that of the geometric center by up to about 20 Shore C; an outer core layer disposed about the inner core formed from a second substantially homogenous rubber composition and comprising a second outer surface having a hardness that is up to about 43 Shore C points greater than the hardness of the geometric center; an inner cover layer disposed about the core comprising an ionomeric material and having a material hardness of about 55 Shore D or greater; an outer cover layer disposed about the inner cover layer comprising a polyurea or polyurethane and having a material hardness of 20 Shore D to 70 Shore D.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition for golf balls which includes (A) a base rubber containing a polybutadiene having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60 wt %, (B) an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, and (C) a benzimidazole of general formula (1) or (2) below wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbons, and m is an integer from 1 to 4, with the proviso that if m is 2 or more, each occurrence of R may be the same or different. The golf ball rubber composition of the invention enables a high-quality molded and crosslinked product having a suitable hardness and a high resilience to be obtained.

Abstract: Method of making a golf ball. A blend of a first highly neutralized acid polymer, a second highly neutralized acid polymer, and an ionomer-based masterbatch comprising an ionomer resin and an additive is used to form a layer of a golf ball. A second layer that essentially encloses the blend-containing layer then is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-molecular-weight, linear, neodymium-catalysed polybutadiene having a high proportion, >95%, of cis-1,4 units having a low proportion, <1%, of 1,2-vinyl content, and also having a small molar-mass-polydispersity index (MPI), characterized in that Mooney viscosity (ML1+4 100° C.) of the polybutadiene is from 70 to 90 and The molar-mass-polydispersity index of the polybutadiene is smaller than 10.

Abstract: A ball includes a core, a cover, and a separator or separating layer. The separating layer may be deformed or actuated to separate at least a portion of the cover from the core. This removal allows for easier recycling of the ball parts. The separating layer may include one of a bladder or a hydrophilic material that expand upon the introduction of a fluid, a shape memory polymer that deforms upon application of a stimulus, or two materials that react chemically to form a gas.

Abstract: A ball includes a core, a cover, and an intermediate layer between the core and the cover. The intermediate layer may be deformed or actuated to create discontinuities in the cover. The creation of discontinuities allows for easier recycling of the ball parts. The intermediate layer may include one of a bladder or a hydrophilic material that expand upon the introduction of a fluid, a shape memory polymer that deforms upon application of a stimulus, or two materials that react chemically to form a gas.

Abstract: A golf ball has a diameter of at least about 43.6 mm and a density of from about 0.85 g/cm3 to 1.05 g/cm3. The golf ball can be made of ionomer resin or a combination of ionomer resins, including highly neutralized polymers and highly resilient polymers as disclosed. The golf ball may have a solid core made of a highly neutralized polymer or highly resilient polymer and a cover of an ionomer resin.

Abstract: The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” is intended as a novelty item, having the same weight and approximate proportional dimensions with a plurality of dimples on the outer covering, resembling an ordinary spherical golf ball. The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” will be a cube in physical nature. The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” will resemble an ordinary golf ball in all aspects except for its unique cube shape, and unlike an ordinary golf ball, the “Novelty Square Golf Ball” solid core materials will not be of consequence to the final product or its performance. The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” is not intended for use in a game of golf, or any other challenge. The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” will appear white in overall color, but may be produced in a variety of colors. The “Novelty Square Golf Ball” may have one or more graphics, logos and/or text messages imprinted on the outer cover.

Abstract: Multi-layered golf balls having at least one layer made of a polyamide composition containing a transparent polyamide polymer are provided. The transparent polyamide may be blended with other transparent or non-transparent polyamides. Thermoplastic polyamide elastomers such as polyether-amide block copolymers may be used. In one version, the composition comprises a blend of transparent polyamide, acid anhydride-modified polyolefin, and plasticizer. The golf ball includes a core having at least one layer and a cover having at least one layer. The polyamide composition may be used to form any core, cover, or other layer in the golf ball. In one version, the polyamide composition is used to form the inner cover layer.

Abstract: Friction-fit, removable plugs for holes in hollow, perforated game balls, such as Wiffle Balls and practice golf balls. Plugging the holes allows users to adjust the flight and composition of the balls in various ways, including matching the distance of balls to the available space and to the players' abilities. An adjustable golf ball is one embodiment. Plugging the holes also provides a means to attach various accessories, which creates modularity, facilitates experimentation and ball development, and permits an app-like avenue of marketing and development of balls.

Abstract: A thermoplastic golf ball material is made by combining and reacting (a) an unneutralized copolymer of ethylene and at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, which has from about 5 to about 12 percent by weight acid monomer; (b) a metallocene-catalyzed copolymer of ethylene and octene; (c) an unsaturated fatty acid; and (d) a metal cation in an amount sufficient to neutralize from about 65 to about 90% of the acid groups, to produce an ionomeric thermoplastic material. The ionomeric thermoplastic material may be used in a core, a cover, or a layer between a core and a cover of a golf ball.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition for golf balls which includes: (A) a base rubber containing a polybutadiene having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60 wt %; (B) an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof; (C) an anthranilic acid derivative of the general formula wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, and n is an integer from 1 to 3, with the proviso that if m and/or n is 2 or more, each occurrence of R1 and R2 may be the same or different; and (D) sulfur. The rubber composition for golf balls of the invention enables a high-quality molded and crosslinked product having a suitable hardness and a high resilience to be obtained.

Abstract: Rubber composition for golf balls which includes: (A) a base rubber containing a polybutadiene having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60 wt %; (B) an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof; (C) an anthranilic acid derivative of the general formula wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, and n is an integer from 1 to 3, with the proviso that if m and/or n is 2 or more, each occurrence of R1 and R2 may be the same or different; and (D) an organic peroxide having a one-minute half-life temperature which is at least 158° C. and less than 175° C. The rubber composition for golf balls of the invention enables a high-quality molded and crosslinked product having a suitable hardness and a high resilience to be obtained.

Abstract: A plurality of layers and elements are incorporated into a golf ball to display values for various swing characteristics on a display layer of a ball. A calculator is incorporated to calculate a value of at least one swing characteristic. A weighted light source is incorporated to display the value on a display layer. The display layer is a substantially opaque layer.

Abstract: When manufacturing golf balls having a structural component which is a molded and vulcanized material obtained by vulcanizing a rubber composition containing, as the essential ingredients, a base rubber and an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, the distinguishability of structural components such as cores can be enhanced by including also a soluble pigment within, and thereby coloring, the rubber composition. Moreover, vulcanized rubber powder obtained by rendering processing scrap and waste from such cores into powder can be easily decolorized by liquid washing to remove the pigment, thus enabling advantageous use of the vulcanized rubber powder as a compounding ingredient in the manufacture of other golf ball cores without affecting the color tone of the manufactured balls.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball endowed with an improved distance and durability. The ball has a core and a cover, the core being formed of a rubber composition containing a base rubber, a co-crosslinking agent, a crosslinking initiator and a metal oxide. The base rubber is a mixture of (A) polybutadiene with (B) styrene-butadiene rubber and/or isoprene rubber, the co-crosslinking agent is methacrylic acid, and the metal oxide is zinc oxide. The rubber composition contains the crosslinking initiator in an amount of from 1.2 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the base rubber.

Abstract: The accuracy or computation speed of mechanical analysis of a golf ball using the finite element method is increased. In the mechanical analysis, a model representing the golf ball is prepared on a computer, and computation is made by the finite element method using elements and nodes. At this time, the elements are made solid elements of hexahedron, the aspect ratio of the shape of each element is set so as to be not lower than 1.0 and not substantially higher than 6.5, and nodes are provided on the sides and at the vertexes of the hexahedron of element.

Abstract: Based on a surface shape appearing at a predetermined point moment by moment during rotation of a golf ball having numerous dimples on its surface, a data constellation regarding a parameter dependent on a surface shape of the golf ball is calculated. Preferably, the parameter is a distance between an axis of the rotation and the surface of the golf ball. Another preferable parameter is a volume of space between a surface of a phantom sphere and the surface of the golf ball. Based on a maximum value and a minimum value of the data constellation, a fluctuation range is calculated. By dividing the fluctuation range by a total volume of the dimples, an evaluation value is calculated. This value is calculated for each of PH rotation and POP rotation.

Abstract: The invention provides a resin composition for golf balls having excellent resilience, flexibility and fluidity, and golf balls having excellent resilience and shot feel.

Abstract: A golf ball 2 includes a core 4 and a cover 6 positioned outside the core 4. The cover 6 has a thickness of 0.2 mm or greater and 1.0 mm or less. The cover 6 is formed by injecting a resin composition from an injection molding machine into a mold. The product (M*V*T) of: a melt fluidity M (g/10 min) of the resin composition, which is measured at 190° C.; an injection rate V (cm3/sec) of the injection molding machine; and an injection time T (sec) of the injection molding machine, is equal to or greater than 500 and equal to or less than 1000. Preferably, in the golf ball 2, the melt fluidity M of the resin composition is equal to or greater than 15 g/10 min and equal to or less than 100 g/10 min.

Abstract: A method for customizing a golf ball, and associated kits, are provided. The method includes steps of heating a golf ball that has a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer material making up the cover layer, and then cooling the golf ball at a preselected rate so as to change the degree of crystallinity. The change in degree of crystallinity allows the golf ball to achieve different play characteristics. The change is reversible by repeating the method, and the method may be repeated many times using the same golf ball. Kits used to carry out the method may include a golf ball having a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer material for the cover layer, a graphical representation of how the cooling relates to the desired play characteristics, a stand for holding the golf ball, a heater, and an additive that aids in heating or cooling the golf ball.

Abstract: An ink that is curable with high intensity visible light. Also, substrates, particularly game balls, printed with such ink, and a method for printing.

Abstract: The object is to provide a rubber composition for a high-strength golf ball which has a high hardness, high resiliency, excellent processability and improved filler dispersibility, by adjusting each of the Mooney viscosity, the molecular weight distribution and the n value (the rate-dependent index for Mooney viscosity) of a high-cis-polybutadiene rubber using a cobalt catalyst to a value falling within a specific range. The rubber composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a high-cis-polybutadiene synthesized using a cobalt catalyst and 10 to 50 parts by weight of a co-crosslinking agent, wherein the high-cis-polybutadiene satisfies the following requirements (a) to (c): (a) the Mooney viscosity (ML) is 40 to 55; (b) the molecular weight distribution [a weight average molecular weight MW)/a number average molecular weight (Mn)] is 3.0 to 4.2; and (c) the rate-dependent index of Mooney viscosity (n value) is 2.3 to 3.0.

Abstract: A process for designing the rugged pattern includes the steps of: assuming a plurality of states; assuming a large number of cells on a spherical surface; assigning any one of the plurality of states to each cell; assigning, as an attribute, any one of INSIDE, OUTSIDE and BOUNDARY to the each cell based on the state of the each cell and states of a plurality of cells located adjacent to the each cell; assuming craters based on the attributes of the large number of cells; and updating the attribute of the each cell so as to enlarge the areas of the craters, based on the attribute of said each cell and the attributes of the plurality of cells located adjacent to the each cell.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball which is excellent in the gloss and the evenness of the paint film and a golf ball aqueous paint therefor. The golf ball of the present invention has a paint film which is formed from a curing type polyurethane aqueous golf ball paint, comprising (A) an aqueous polyol composition and (B) an aqueous polyisocyanate, wherein (A) the aqueous polyol composition contains (a-1) an aqueous acrylic polyol, (a-2) an aqueous urethane polyol and (a-3) an aqueous polyurethane resin; a molar ratio (NCO/OH) of an isocyanate group of (B) the aqueous polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group of (A) the aqueous polyol composition ranges from 1.25 to 2.50; and a content of a high boiling point solvent having a boiling point of 150° C. or more in the aqueous golf ball paint is more than 0 mass % and 10 mass % or less.

Abstract: A method and system of subjective evaluation of golf ball performance for golf ball fitting analysis to match a golf ball to a golfer's subjective preferences is described. A golfer subjectively evaluates the performance of one or more golf balls against different subjective criteria. Analysis of the subjective evaluation is used to determine a golf ball that maximizes or most closely conforms to the golfer's subjective preferences. A kit of parts is provided to allow a golfer to subjectively evaluate multiple golf balls to each other to determine a golfer's preference or to recommend another golf ball. The kit includes different types of golf balls and a fitting tool that is used by the golfer to evaluate his or her subjective preferences. The fitting tool can be calibrated to the specific subjective perceptions of a golfer. The fitting tool can also be customized to a specific course.

Abstract: Elastomeric interpolymers comprising at least two, or more, cyclic olefin monomers that are prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization, and that are characterized by having no crystallinity, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than ?80° C., and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 40 kg/mole, and functionalized products thereof. A ring opening metathesis polymerization process for producing the elastomeric interpolymers having no crystallinity. Uses of the elastomeric interpolymers in applications such as rubber compounds, tires, and the like. Cores of golf balls that are prepared by using metathesis polymerization produced elastomeric interpolymers having 0 to about 30% crystallinity.

Abstract: A high performance golf ball made in part of a modified high Mooney viscosity rubber. The modified high Mooney viscosity rubber has less than about 20 phr oil and is high Mooney viscosity rubber having a Mooney viscosity at least about 40 blended with between about 1 phr and about 10 phr of process oil and between about 0.05 phr and 5 phr of peptizing agent.

Abstract: A golf ball has a radio-frequency identification (RFID) circuit for storing ID information therein, the RFID circuit formed of conductive ink; and an antenna for communicating by using radio frequency signals, the antenna connected to the RFID circuit. The antenna may be formed of conductive ink or paste. The RFID circuit and the antenna may be formed on the surface of the golf ball. The golf ball may further include a core layer, a cover layer disposed on the outside of the core layer, and optionally, an intermediate layer disposed between the core layer and the cover layer. The core or intermediate layer has a groove on the surface thereof, and the RFID circuit and the antenna may be formed within the groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides a golf ball resin composition comprising (A) an ionomer resin component and (B) a compound having an anionic part within a molecule thereof, wherein with respect to a metal ion contained in the golf ball resin composition, (A) the ionomer resin component and (B) the compound having the anionic part within the molecule thereof, following coordinate energies obtained by ab initio molecular orbital calculation method using a basis function B3LYP/6-31G(d) satisfy the following expression: 0.3?(A?C)/(B?C)?0.6, wherein coordinate energy A is the coordinate energy between the metal ion and the anionic part of (B) component, coordinate energy B is the coordinate energy between the metal ion and the carboxyl ion of (A) component, and coordinate energy C is the coordinate energy between the metal ion and the olefin of (A) the ionomer resin component.

Abstract: A golf ball including one or more configurable materials allows the attributes of the golf ball, including physical properties and play characteristics, to be changed by selective exposure of energy from an energy source to the golf ball. The exposure to the energy from the energy source causes certain configurable materials within the golf ball to undergo a physical change in structure, thereby changing the attributes of the modified golf ball. A method of post production modification of a golf ball allows the attributes of the golf ball to be changed to meet the desired attributes of a consumer. A customization system including multiple stock golf ball sets with different configurations is used with different energy sources to produce a variety of modified golf balls having different attributes. A distribution system processes stock golf balls using post production modification processes to produce different modified golf balls to consumers.

Abstract: Provided are a resin composition for a golf ball which is excellent in resilience, flexibility and fluidity, and a golf ball excellent in resilience and shot feeling. The present invention relates to a resin composition for a golf ball, including (A) a resin component and (B) a nonionic surfactant, the resin component (A) including at least one selected from the group consisting of (a-1) a binary copolymer of an olefin and a C3-8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid; (a-2) a metal ion-neutralized product of a binary copolymer of an olefin and a C3-8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid; (a-3) a ternary copolymer of an olefin, a C3-8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester; and (a-4) a metal ion-neutralized product of a ternary copolymer of an olefin, a C3-8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester.

Abstract: A golf ball has a non-uniform density. When the golf ball is divided into 10 layers whose volumes are the same and which are concentric with each other, a layer having the highest weight is any one of six layers including a first layer 28 from a center to a sixth layer 38 from the center. The layer having the highest weight may be two or more layers. The ratio of the distance between a point at which a local density is highest and the central point of the golf ball with respect to the radius of the golf ball is equal to or less than 85%.

Abstract: Golf balls and a system for finding golf balls and methods for making golf balls and methods for using such balls. In the case of one exemplary golf ball, the ball includes a shell and a core material which is encased in the shell and a tag which is disposed within the core material and which has at least one perforation. The tag includes a diode and an antenna which are coupled together. Another exemplary golf ball includes a shell and a core material which is encased within the shell and a tag which is within the core material and which includes an electrical element which is coupled to an antenna; the tag is detectable over a range of at least 20 feet from a handheld device, and the golf ball has high durability and substantially complies with the golf ball specifications of the United States Golf Association.

Abstract: Golf balls comprising a plurality of markings, each relating to a different future action in a game of golf, the future action generally being the type of club to be used on a future shot. Methods of playing games of golf using the balls are also described herein. Once a shot has been played the marking on the golf ball that lies uppermost is used to determine the future action.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a two-component curing type urethane-based aqueous golf ball paint, which is excellent in gloss of a paint film and evenness of the film thickness. Another object of the present invention is to provide a two-component curing type urethane-based aqueous golf ball paint, which is excellent in adhesion to the surface of a golf ball body. The present invention provides a two-component curing type urethane-based aqueous golf ball paint containing (A) an aqueous polyol composition and (B) an aqueous polyisocyanate, wherein the aqueous paint has a contact angle of 45° or less to a resin component constituting an outermost layer of a golf ball body and a paint film has reflectivity of 70% or more at an incident angle of 20°.

Abstract: A golf putting practice ball having visually contrasting lighter and darker sections and a visually contrasting aiming line going across a lighter color section in a 90 degree angle to the borderline of the lighter and darker color sections, and a visually contrasting mark located on the border of the different color sections of the ball, at a location 90° away from the midpoint of the aiming line, and a weight located in an asymmetric position in relation to the internal center of the ball.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball polyurethane composition excellent in resilience. Another object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball excellent in a shot feeling and resilience. The present invention provides a golf ball polyurethane composition comprising, as a resin component, a polyurethane elastomer including a polyisocyanate with one alicyclic hydrocarbon structure having 3 or more carbon atoms as a constituting component, and having a spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of 13C nucleus of 8.9 seconds or less measured by a High resolution solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method.

Abstract: Curable polyurethane, polyurea and polyurethane/polyurea compositions that are particularly useful as the outer layer and/or at least one inner layer of golf balls, cured compositions, golf balls comprising the cured composition, and methods of increasing the initial velocity of a golf ball using the curable polyurethane, polyurea and polyurethane/poly urea compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball polyurethane composition excellent in resilience. Another object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball excellent in a shot feeling and resilience. The present invention provides a golf ball polyurethane composition comprising, as a resin component, a polyurethane elastomer including a polyisocyanate with at least two alicyclic hydrocarbon structures having 3 or more carbon atoms as a constituting component, and having a storage modulus E? (Pa) and a loss modulus E? (Pa) satisfying a following expression; log(E?/E?2)??6.08 when measured in a tensile mode using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring apparatus.

Abstract: A resin composition for a golf ball which has excellent resilience performance and fluidity provides for a golf ball that exhibits excellent shot feeling and excellent resilience performance. The resin composition includes (A) a resin component containing at least one selected from (a-1) a binary copolymer of an olefin and a C3-C8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, (a-2) a metal ion-neutralized product of a binary copolymer of an olefin and a C3-C8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, (a-3) a ternary copolymer of an olefin, a C3-C8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, and (a-4) a metal ion-neutralized product of a ternary copolymer of an olefin, a C3-C8 ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester; and (B) a fatty acid amide. The fatty acid amide is present in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the resin component.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball material which is a resin mixture composed of (a) a nonionic olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer and/or olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, (b) a nonionic olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer and/or olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, (c) an organic acid or a metal salt thereof, (d) a basic inorganic metal compound for neutralizing at least 70 mol % of acid groups in components (a) to (c), and (e) a spherical inorganic filler, which resin mixture has a Shore D hardness of from 40 to 60. The golf ball material of the invention provides an excellent rebound resilience and durability while maintaining the flow properties essential for injection molding.

Abstract: There are provided a mold for forming a golf ball, which allows a dimple formed near the equator of golf ball corresponding to the partition surface of upper and lower molds to be formed so as to have the same shape as that of a dimple formed in other regions, and a golf ball manufactured using this mold. The mold for forming a golf ball in accordance with the present invention includes at least two body parts, a cavity is formed within the mold by the joining of the at least two body parts, and in at least one of the body parts, a groove for forming a projecting land part which is ground after the formation of the golf ball is provided in a cavity wall surface adjacent to the whole circumference of a parting line formed by the joining.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf handicap systems and methods to calculate a golf handicap are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: The accuracy or computation speed of mechanical analysis of a golf ball using the finite element method is increased. In the mechanical analysis, a model representing the golf ball is prepared on a computer, and computation is made by the finite element method using elements and nodes. At this time, the elements are made solid elements of hexahedron, the aspect ratio of the shape of each element is set so as to be not lower than 1.0 and not substantially higher than 6.5, and nodes are provided on the sides and at the vertexes of the hexahedron of element.

Abstract: A multi-layered golf ball having a core, moisture vapor barrier layer, and outer cover, wherein the moisture barrier layer is preferably made from a non-ionomeric polyolefin composition is disclosed. The moisture barrier layer is applied at very low thickness, preferably in the range of 0.0001 to 0.010 inches, so that the playing performance properties of the ball are not altered. Preferably, the moisture vapor barrier layer is applied over the core material using powder coating or solution coating methods.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments concern using at least one triazine, typically an amine or polyamine triazine (referred to as amino triazines), in combination with at least one ionomer or ionomer precursor to form compositions useful for making sporting equipment, such as golf ball components. The ionomer or ionomer precursor typically includes plural acid functional groups, such as carboxyl or carboxylate groups, that react or form salts with the amino triazine. Specific examples, without limitation, of suitable amino triazines include guanamine, 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine(acetoguanamine), 6-nonyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine(nonylguanamine), 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine(benzoguanamine) and 2,4,6-triamino-triazine(melamine).

Abstract: A golf ball 2 has a large number of craters 8. A rugged pattern is formed on the golf ball 2 by the craters 8. A process for designing the rugged pattern includes the steps of: assuming a plurality of states; assuming a large number of cells on a spherical surface; assigning any one of the plurality of states to each cell; assigning, as an attribute, any one of INSIDE, OUTSIDE and BOUNDARY to the each cell based on the state of the each cell and states of a plurality of cells located adjacent to the each cell; assuming craters based on the attributes of the large number of cells; and updating the attribute of the each cell so as to enlarge the areas of the craters, based on the attribute of said each cell and the attributes of the plurality of cells located adjacent to the each cell.

Abstract: A golf ball having visual markings on its surface visible to the golfer during initial alignment of the ball to the target line and during the stroke, the visual markings being a pair of non-parallel straight lines, preferably joined at one end to form a narrow V-shape. At least one line provides a perception correction for misalignment issues caused by eye dominance.