Abstract: A glass consisting essentially of antimony oxide. An optically active glass consisting essentially of antimony oxide and up to about 4 mole % of an oxide of a rare earth element. A rare earth-doped, antimony oxide-containing glass including 0-99 mole % SiO2, 0-99 mole % GeO2, 0-75 mole % (Al, Ga)2O3, 0.5-99 mole % Sb2O3, and up to about 4 mole % of an oxide of a rare earth element. The oxide of the rare earth element may comprise Er2O3. The glass of the invention further includes fluorine, expressed as a metal fluoride. An optical energy-producing or light-amplifying device, in particular, an optical amplifier, comprising the above-described glass. The optical amplifier can be either a fiber amplifier or a planar amplifier, either of which may have a hybrid composition. Embodiments of the glass of the invention can be formed by conventional glass making techniques, while some of the high content antimony oxide embodiments are formed by splat or roller quenching.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass excellent in infrared absorption capability and corrosion resistance, and its fabrication process. A compound of divalent copper and a compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide are introduced in a wet gel. Then, the wet gel is dipped in a dipping solution having a low solubility with respect to the compound of divalent copper and the compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide for the precipitation in the wet gel of the divalent copper compound and the compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide, followed by drying and firing. Thus, an infrared absorbing glass comprising 70 to 98 mol % of SiO2, 1 to 12 mol % of CuO and 1 to 18 mol % of a network modifier oxide other than CuO is fabricated.

Abstract: Glass-ceramic sealants for ceramic membrane reactors, ceramic membrane sealed to holders or substrates and methods of making seals between two ceramic materials or between a ceramic and a metal or metal alloy are provided. These sealants combine silicate glass-ceramic materials with selected metal oxides and, optionally, materials similar or identical to the materials being sealed, and employ thermal processing so that the resultant materials will have a thermal expansion coefficient that substantially matches the thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials. Surfaces of the ceramic sealant that are exposed to reactive atmospheres can be protected by providing a metal or metallic alloy layer over the ceramic seal.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a glass sheet intended to be thermally toughened, the matrix of which is of the silica-soda-lime type, having an expansion coefficient &agr; of greater than 100×10−7 K−1, a Young's modulus E of greater than 60 GPa and a thermal conductivity k of less than 0.9 W/m.K.

Abstract: A glass for a data storage medium substrate, which consists essentially of the following components as represented by mol %: SiO2 60 to 72, Al2O3  2 to 9 MgO  3 to 9, CaO  2 to 10, SrO  0 to 15, ZnO  0 to 4, TiO2  0 to 8, ZrO2  0 to 4, Li2O  1 to 12, Na2O  0 to 8, K2O  0 to 5, Y2O3  0 to 5, La2O3  0 to 5, and Li2O + Na2O + K2O  4 to 15, and which has a Young's modulus of at least 85 GPa.

Abstract: A method for processing a glass fiber material, wherein the glass fiber material has been heat treated at a temperature less than or equal to the annealing temperature of the glass for a length of time effective to prevent separation and fraying of the edges of the material upon cutting.

Abstract: There is disclosed second-order nonlinear glass material wherein a part having second-order nonlinearity contain Ge, H and OH and second-order nonlinear optical constant d of 1 pm/V or more, and a method for producing second-order nonliner glass material comprising treating a porous class material containing Ge with hydrohen, sintering it and subjecting it to a ultraviolet poling treatment. There can be provided second-order nonlinger glass material having second-order nonlinearity which is a sufficiently high and has a sufficiently long lifetime for a practical purpose, in use of the glass material for optical elements or the like.

Abstract: A glass material for use in a microwave-transparent window of a plasma processing apparatus is provided. The glass material has not only good properties similar to those of quartz glass but a corrosion resistance particularly to fluorine-containing plasma. The glass having the corrosion resistance to the fluorine-containing plasma is composed of a first glass phase consisting of Si and O and a second glass phase consisting of Si, Al and O. The second glass phase has a mass ratio of Al to Si of at least 0.01. The glass member is useful as a component for forming an electromagnetic-wave introducing window of the plasma processing apparatus or the like.

Abstract: Glass for a light filter capable of preventing variation of refractive index in a band-pass filter has a coefficient of thermal expansion within a range from 90×10−7/° C. within a temperature range from −20° C. to +70° C. and, preferably, Young's modulus of 75 GPa or over and Vickers hardness of 550 or over, and light transmittance for plate thickness of 10 mm of 90% or over within a wavelength range from 950 nm to 1600 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass excellent in infrared absorption capability and corrosion resistance, and its fabrication process. A compound of divalent copper and a compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide are introduced in a wet gel. Then, the wet gel is dipped in a dipping solution having a low solubility with respect to the compound of divalent copper and the compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide for the precipitation in the wet gel of the divalent-t copper compound and the compound of a metal species for a network modifier oxide, followed by drying and firing. Thus, an infrared absorbing glass comprising 70 to 98 mol % of SiO2, 1 to 12 mol % of CuO and 1 to 18 mol % of a network modifier oxide other than CuO is fabricated.

Abstract: Glass fibers prepared by flame attenuation display excellent chemical resistance to both acids and moisture while being highly biosoluble at the same time. The glass compositions are characterized by ratios of components which are reflective of acid resistance, biosolubility, and moisture resistance. Preferred glass fibers exhibit a biodissolution greater than about 350 ng/cm/2hr.

Abstract: Low temperature melting lead-free glass and enamel compositions are provided which have low boron content and possess high durability properties. Enamel pastes containing frits of the glass compositions are particularly useful in forming colored borders in automotive glass.

Abstract: A dielectric forming material for use as a transparent dielectric layer formed on an inside surface of a front glass substrate in a plasma display panel comprises powder of colored glass. The powder of colored glass comprises a base glass and coloring ingredients added thereto. The coloring ingredients comprise CoO and NiO. The powder of colored glass provides a glass film having a spectral transmittance T%(460 nm) of 50-75% at the wavelength of 460 nm or a glass film having a spectral transmittance T%(460 nm) higher than a spectral transmittance T%(550 nm) at the wavelength of 550 nm and a spectral transmittance T%(620 nm) at the wavelength of 620 nm. The glass film is formed by applying the colored glass powder onto a soda lime glass plate having a thickness of 1.7 mm and by baking the colored glass powder to form a baked film having a thickness of 20-40 &mgr;m as the glass film.

Abstract: A living tissue replacement of crystallized glass having bioaffinity and mechanical strength is briefly obtained simply by pressure molding or machining without using a special equipment. A glass material having a softening point below its crystallization temperature and exhibiting viscous flow at temperatures below its melting point is heated at a temperature above its Tg and pressed at the temperature to mold to a desired shape, thereby manufacturing a living tissue replacement such as a dental crown. Molding can be done under a pressure of up to 20 MPa.

Abstract: A pre-glass agglomeration fragrance delivery system comprising fused microspheres and a fragrance incorporated therein. The pre-glass agglomeration has an extended fragrance release time exceeding a year and a half, and uses microcapillary action to quickly uptake oils and alcohols. The pre-glass agglomeration provides a slow release of fragrance without the escape of any residual liquid. The pre-glass agglomeration may be replenished, an unlimited number of times, with fragrance containing oils and alcohols after the odor fades. The pre-glass agglomerations can be molded and may be colored or dyed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thick film coating compositions which adhere particularly well to silicon nitride substrates and accordingly may be used in the manufacture of heater apparatus using such substrates. Such thick film coating materials comprise a borosilicate glass matrix containing an amount of a metal oxide sufficient to enable said thick film coating material to react with a silicon nitride substrate to promote adherence thereto; and desirably further contains ceramic powders and/or metal or metal-containing compound powders and/or flakes.

Abstract: Radiation stable glass for space applications, especially glass in the form of thin sheet for cladding of spacecraft, is produced by including at least 5% by weight of barium oxide in a borosilicate glass composition. Because barium has a low absorption in the ultra violet, its use enables radiation stable glasses of low ultra violet absorption to be produced, alleviating problems of overheating when the glasses are used for cladding space craft. The glass is useful in the production of solar cell cover slips and second surface mirrors for cladding purposes, and space applications generally.

Abstract: A glass including SiO2, Na2O, MgO, Al2O3 and cobalt oxide, wherein the cobalt oxide is 4.5-85 wt % as an oxide of CoO or 4.9-91 wt % as an oxide of Co3O4.

Abstract: Growth of scale on the wall surfaces of high-temperature furnaces is prevented, or the damaged portions are repaired. In addition, the inner wall surfaces of furnaces such as coke furnaces and carbon-firing furnaces, and attachments to furnaces (furnace lids and gas pipes) are protected from deposition of carbon.Glazing layers are formed by application to the refractory surfaces of furnaces of a glazing agent which comprises as a glaze, on an oxide basis, 0-10% by weight of Li.sub.2 O, 0-10% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 10-40% by weight of R.sub.2 O (R represents Na or K) and SiO.sub.2 as the balance, wherein the glaze has a melting point of 900.degree. C. or below.

Abstract: An insulating ceramic composition which comprises about 62-75 wt % of silicon oxide (in terms of SiO.sub.2), about 4-22 wt % of barium oxide (in terms of BaCO.sub.3), about 0.5-2.5 wt % of aluminum oxide (in terms Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), 0 to about 0.8 wt % of chromium oxide (in terms of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3), about 0.2-0.8 wt % of calcium oxide (in terms of CaCO.sub.3), about 8-18 wt % of boron oxide (in terms of B.sub.2 O.sub.3), and 0 to about 2.5 wt % of potassium oxide (in terms of K.sub.2 O). A ceramic inductor is made of said insulating ceramic composition.

Abstract: An environmentally safe abrasive composition which contains at least about 60 weight percent of ferrometalsilicate, at least about 5 weight percent of spinel, and at least about 70 weight percent of crystalline material. This composition has a Vickers hardness of at least about 550 and a density of from about 2.8 to about 4.1 grams per cubic centimeter. It is crystallized in situ from a thermally crystallizable mixture comprising from about 50 to about 75 weight percent of electric arc furnace dust, from about 5 to about 40 weight percent of glass, and at least about 10 weight percent of silica sand.

Abstract: A number of unique processes are disclosed for manufacture of sintered high-purity quartz glass products in which a shaped silica body or preform is made from an aqueous slurry of micronized silica particles by gel casting, slip casting or electrophoretic deposition. The silica particles may comprise a major portion by weight of crystalline silica. In one embodiment of the invention the sintered quartz glass is transparent, substantially bubble-free and suitable for scientific or optical uses. In another embodiment the porous silica preform is fired in steam to increase the hydroxyl content and then nitrided in a nitrogen-hydrogen reducing atmosphere. A minute amount of chemically-combined nitrogen in the high-purity quartz glass is sufficient to provide a tremendous improvement in physical properties and an incredible increase in the resistance to devitrification.

Abstract: The invention relates to lenses such as aspherical lenses and to a process for their manufacture. According to the invention, the lens is composed of a glass matrix including the constituents below in the following weight proportions:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 65-85% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-10% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-20% Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 3-20% CaO + MgO + BaO 1-15% FeO + Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.1%, ______________________________________wherein the K.sub.2 O content is equal to or less than 1% and the BaO content is equal to or less than 1%.

Abstract: A glass substrate for magnetic disks, obtained by chemical strengthening treatment of a glass consisting essentially of from 50 to 65 wt % of SiO.sub.2, from 5 to 15 wt % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 2 to 7 wt % of Na.sub.2 O, from 4 to 9 wt % of K.sub.2 O, from 7 to 14 wt % of Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O, from 12 to 25 wt % of MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO, and from 1 to 6 wt % of ZrO.sub.2.

Abstract: Glass having low solar radiation and ultraviolet ray transmittance, which consists essentially of a soda lime-silica type matrix glass containing from 0.53 to 0.70 wt % of total iron calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 0.2 to 0.4 wt % of TiO.sub.2 and from 0.5 to 0.8 wt % of total cerium calculated as CeO.sub.2, wherein the weight of FeO calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 is from 30 to 40% of the weight of the total iron calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of producing a chemically pretensioned glass body. In the method, a glass body is provided having a composition in percent by weight on oxide basis: SiO.sub.2 70-85; B.sub.2 O.sub.3 8-15; Na.sub.2 O 1-5; K.sub.2 O 1-<5; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 1-5; MgO 0-3; SrO+BaO 0-2; CaO 0-3; ZnO 0-3; with CaO+ZnO 2-6; and, ZrO.sub.2 0-3.5. The glass body is placed in an ion exchange salt bath containing at least 90% by weight of potassium salts. The salt bath is maintained at a temperature below the transformation point Tg of the glass defined by the glass composition for a duration of at least 2.0 hr causing potassium ions from the salt bath to migrate into the surface region of the glass body to thereby produce the chemically pretensioned glass body.

Abstract: Carriers comprising silica-based glass providing for the controlled release of biologically active molecules, their methods of preparation, and methods of use are disclosed. The carriers are prepared using a sol-gel-derived process. Biologically active molecules are incorporated within the matrix of the glass during production.

Abstract: Carriers comprising silica-based glass providing for the controlled release of biologically active molecules, their methods of preparation, and methods of use are disclosed. The carriers are prepared using a sol-gel-derived process. Biologically active molecules are incorporated within the matrix of the glass during production.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed implantable medical device is provided with a multi-pin arrangement including selected glass to metal or ceramic to metal seals for a feedthrough of the compression seal or matched seal type.

Abstract: Carriers comprising silica-based glass providing for the controlled release of biologically active molecules, their methods of preparation, and methods of use are disclosed. The carriers are prepared using a sol-gel-derived process. Biologically active molecules are incorporated within the matrix of the glass during production.

Abstract: A glass material variable in volume by irradiation with ultraviolet light has a GeO.sub.2 --SiO.sub.2 glass composition having a GeO.sub.2 content of 0.5 to 90 mol %, and is in the form of a thin film formed in an argon atmosphere or in an argon-oxygen mixed gas atmosphere by the high-frequency sputtering method.

Abstract: A bioceramic system for delivery of a bioactive compound, which comprises a combination of bioactive glass, bioactive glass ceramic or bioactive ceramic, hydroxyapatite, optionally one or more other calcium phosphate compound and optionally a matrix, and which may incorporate into the bioceramic system a bioactive compound. The timing of the release of the bioactive compound can be regulated as desired and depends on the conditions of the surrounding, the composition of the bioceramic system and its method preparation.

Abstract: Composite materials formed from bone bioactive glass or ceramic fibers and structural fibers are disclosed. In preferred embodiments, a braid or mesh of interwoven bone bioactive glass or ceramic fibers and structural fibers is impregnated with a polymeric material to provide a composite of suitable biocompatibility and structural integrity. Most preferably, the mesh or braid is designed so that the bioactive fibers are concentrated at the surface of the implant to create a surface comprised of at least 30% bioactive material, thereby providing enhanced bone ingrowth. The interweaving between the bone bioactive glass or ceramic fibers and the core of structural fibers overcomes the problems found in prior composite systems where the bioactive material delaminates from the polymer. Preferred bioactive materials include calcium phosphate ceramics and preferred structural fibers include carbon fibers. Further preferred bioactive materials include aluminum oxide at greater than 0.2%, by mole.

Abstract: An acid-resistant glass article is provided comprising: about 25-45 wt-% SiO.sub.2 ; about 20-35 wt-% TiO.sub.2 ; less than about 5 wt-% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 15-40 wt-% of an alkaline earth modifier selected from the group consisting of BaO, SrO, and mixtures thereof; and no greater than about 25 wt-% of an alkali-metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof. The glass article is preferably in the form of a microsphere that is adapted for use as a retroreflective element in pavement markings.

Abstract: Glass compositions containing, expressed in percentages by weight, from 0.75 to 1.4% total iron expressed in the form Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 0.25 to 0.32% ferrous iron in the form of FeO and which has, and at a thickness of between approximately 3 and 3.3 millimeters, exibit a total light transmission factor under illuminent A (TL.sub.A) of at least 70%, a total energy transmission factor (T.sub.E) less than approximately 46% and a transmission factor for ultraviolet radiation (T.sub.UV) less than approximately 25%, and are suitable for the production of windows or panes for use in the architectural field or in automobile and industrial vehicles.

Abstract: Glass beads in accordance with the present invention may be constituted of SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, BaO, SrO, TiO.sub.2, and CeO.sub.2. The glass of which the glass beads is made will generally contain at least 40% SiO.sub.2 as the network former, from about 10 to about 25% Na.sub.2 O and K.sub.2 O as fluxes, from about 5 to about 25% of BaO and/or SrO as a fracture resistance improvement components, a small amount of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and--when made from CRT waste--very small amounts of TiO.sub.2 and CeO.sub.2. The glass beads of the invention are suitable for use as reflective elements in roadway markings and as media in shot-peening metal cleaning procedures.

Abstract: A hexagonal pyramid shape silicate glass form having top and bottom surfaces wherein the distance between opposite corners at the bottom surface is in the range of 11/16 to 11/2". The slope of the pyramidal sides of the silicate glass form ranges from 23.degree. to 30.degree. off the vertical sloping from a larger bottom surface to a smaller top surface. The height of the silicate glass form is between 5/8" and 11/8". This form is very stable with a minimum of internal stresses. In this way, the dusting of the particle is reduced.

Abstract: Novel non-crystalline, porous bioactive glass and ceramic materials that permit the in vitro formation of bone tissue when exposed to a tissue culture medium and inoculated with cells are disclosed. The present invention also discloses methods of treating bioactive glass materials to control pH so that when the glass is exposed to a tissue culture medium and then inoculated with cells, bone tissue growth occurs in vitro. The glass material disclosed is preferably formed from SiO.sub.2, CaO, Na.sub.2 O and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 and the porous, non-crystalline structure is most preferably created by melting the constituents, cooling and pulverizing the resulting glass, and then forming and hot pressing the powder. The glass of the present invention may be formed to produce templates that are useful for various indications, as well as granules that may be formed into a paste.

Abstract: Disclosed is a barium-free glass of good x-ray absorption, which has a composition (in wt.-% on the oxide basis) of SiO.sub.2 50-75; ZrO.sub.2 5-30; Li.sub.2 O 0-5; Na.sub.2 O 0-25; K.sub.2 O 0-25; .SIGMA. alkali oxides 0-25. Preferred is a dental glass of the composition of SiO.sub.2 55-70; ZrO.sub.2 10-25; Li.sub.2 O 0-15; Na.sub.2 O 10-25; K.sub.2 O 0-15; .SIGMA. alkaloids 15-25. The glass can furthermore contain also up to 3 wt.-% of fluorine, up to 5 wt.-% of MgO, up to 5 wt.-% of TiO.sub.2, and in each case up to 10 wt.-% of the oxides Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, GeO.sub.2, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.3, Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZnO and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5. The glass finds its use in powder form with an average particle size of .ltoreq.10 .mu.m as filler for dental composites for filling teeth.

Abstract: Lightweight, monolithic ceramics resistant to oxidation in air at high temperatures are made by impregnating a porous carbon preform with a sol which contains a mixture of tetraethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane and trimethyl borate. The sol is gelled and dried on the carbon preform to form a ceramic precursor. The precursor is pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere to form the ceramic which is made of carbon, silicon, oxygen and boron. The carbon of the preform reacts with the dried gel during the pyrolysis to form a component of the resulting ceramic. The ceramic is of the same size, shape and form as the carbon precursor. Thus, using a porous, fibrous carbon precursor, such as a carbon felt, results in a porous, fibrous ceramic. Ceramics of the invention are useful as lightweight tiles for a reentry spacecraft.

Abstract: The use of a composition based on silicon dioxide as antiblocking agent is described which is characterized in that it has silicon dioxide having a particle size of 2 to 8 .mu.m, a specific surface of 150 to 850 m.sup.2 /g and a specific pore volume of 1.4 to 2.0 ml/g which has been treated with polyol. This silicon dioxide can be used together with a slip agent as combined antiblocking agent and slip agent. The working-in of the antiblocking agent or of the combined antiblocking agent and slip agent into a polymer is preferably in the form of a masterbatch. A preferred antiblocking agent contains as polyol ethoxylated pentaerythritol in which the pentaerythritol/ethoxy ratio lies in the range from 1:0.5 to 1:25. The antiblocking agent can be obtained by micronizing silicon dioxide to the given particle size and impregnating it with the polyol.

Abstract: Carriers comprising silica-based glass providing for the controlled release of biologically active molecules, their methods of preparation, and methods of use are disclosed. The carriers are prepared using a sol-gel-derived process. Biologically active molecules are incorporated within the matrix of the glass during production.

Abstract: Ultraviolet ray absorbent colored glass for buildings and vehicles, which consists essentially of from 65 to 75 wt % of SiO.sub.2, from 0.1 to 5.0 wt % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 , from 10 to 18 wt % of Na.sub.2 O, from 0 to 5 wt % of K.sub.2 O, from 5 to 15 wt % of CaO, from 1 to 6 wt % of MgO, from 0.05 to 1.0 wt % of SO.sub.3, from 0.08 to 0.20 wt % of vanadium as calculated as V.sub.2 O.sub.5, from 0.36 to 0.65 wt % of MnO.sub.2, from 0 to 0.0020 wt % of CoO and from 0.06 to 0.18 wt % of iron as calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein from 0 to 10 wt % of the total iron content is FeO.

Abstract: A microporous thermal insulation molding comprising compressed thermal insulation material comprising 30-100% by weight of finely divided metal oxide, 0-50% by weight of opacifier, 0-50% by weight of fiber material and 0-15% by weight of inorganic binder, wherein at least one surface of the molding has channel pores having a cross-sectional area of the pore of 0.01-8 mm.sup.2 and having an intrusion depth of 5-100%, based on the thickness of the molding, with 0.004-10 channel pores being present per 1 cm.sup.2 of the molding surface.

Abstract: A solid phase extraction (SPE) filtration disk provides a glass fiber disk embedded with bonded silica/particulate chemistries homogeneously dispersed throughout the disk. Bonded silica/particulate chemistries are added to the glass fibers (and acidified water/solvent solution) during the formation of the glass fiber paper, as opposed to after the formation of the glass fiber paper. This enables homogenous dispersion of silica throughout the entire depth of the filtration disk.

Abstract: An electric arc discharge lamp having an arc discharge light source which emits both visible light radiation and UV radiation enclosed within an anti-solarization borosilicate glass envelope which is lead and arsenic free and having a transmission of greater than 90% at a wave length of 425 nm and a transmission of not more than 40% of said UV radiation at 320 nm; 8% of said UV radiation at 300 nm; and 0.5% of said UV radiation at 290 nm; said borosilicate glass comprising, in weight percent: from about 3.89% Na.sub.2 O; about 1.5% K.sub.2 O; about 0.15% Li.sub.2 O; about 17% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 1.4% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; about 0.6% CaO; about 0.35% MgO; about 0.15% CeO.sub.2 ; from about 0.075% to about 0.30% SnO.sub.2 ; and the balance SiO.sub.2. Also, a glass having the above composition.

Abstract: A novel type of lead-free glass for use in glass components of electric lamps, such as stems (1) for incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps and lamp envelopes for compact fluorescent lamps. The glass does not contain PbO, F and B.sub.2 O.sub.3. The glass has favorable physical properties as regards meltability, softening, expansion, electric resistance, transparency, strength and chemical resistance.

Abstract: A transparent, fixed tint glass lens is provided having a thickness of between about 1.0 mm and about 1.8 mm and which is derived from an alkali silicate composition containing, in terms of weight percent on an oxide basis, at least 6.2% iron oxides, at least 0.03% cobalt oxide and at least 0.12% nickel oxide in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as arsenic oxide. Preferably, the lenses have a transmittance of not more than 1% of ultraviolet radiation at 380 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat resistant composition which exhibits excellent heat and wear resistances after being cured. Further, it has excellent releaseability and durability, and the cured film thereof has a more excellent stability than a prior art adhesive of this type, by preparing it from two components: a powder mixture consisting of 20% by weight or more of zirconium oxide, 1 to 10% by weight of sodium titanate, 2 to 15% by weight of yttria based on the zirconium oxide and the balance of silica; and a sodium silicate containing a small amount of water added thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glass forming composition for encapsulating selenium which includes, by weight percent of raw materials, 20 to 50% silica and 50 to 80% alkali and alkaline earth materials. The composition has a liquidus temperature between 600.degree. to 1200.degree. C., preferably up to 1000.degree. C., and a viscosity up to 10,000 Poise at said liquidus temperature, preferably up to 5,000 Poise. The alkali and alkaline materials preferably include at least one group of materials combined in an approximate eutectic molar ratio. In one particular embodiment of the invention, the alkali and alkaline earth materials include groups of nitrates, such as KNO.sub.3, NaNO.sub.3 and/or Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2, and/or carbonates, such as K.sub.2 CO.sub.3, Na.sub.2 C0.sub.3 and/or Li.sub.2 CO.sub.3.