Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a catalyst for cracking organic carbon compounds, said method comprising the following steps: a) producing an aqueous suspension comprising red mud and at least one calcium salt, b) heating the suspension to a temperature between 25° C. and 78° C., and c) removing at least most part of an aqueous phase from a solid product mixture produced in step b), said solid product mixture comprising the catalyst. The invention further relates to a catalyst and to a method for cracking organic carbon compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to coated particles comprising a core material and a shell and wherein said core material is an organic compound and wherein said shell comprises a layered double hydroxide comprising a hydroxide or an organic anion as charge-balancing anion.

Abstract: An animal litter such as a clay material is treated to reduce the bulk density thereof by contacting the clay material with an aqueous electrolyte solution and then heating at an elevated temperature. Substantial reductions in bulk density have been achieved without reducing the absorption capacity of the clay granule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposing hydrocarbons including hydrocarbons having 2 or more carbon atoms, comprising magnesium, aluminum, nickel and cobalt as constitutional elements, and further comprising ruthenium and/or palladium, wherein the metallic ruthenium and/or metallic palladium in the form of fine particles have an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 20 nm, and a content of the metallic ruthenium and/or metallic palladium is 0.05 to 5.0% by weight based on the weight of the catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention is capable of efficiently decomposing hydrocarbons including hydrocarbons having 2 or more carbon atoms (C2 or more hydrocarbons), is less expensive, and exhibits an excellent catalytic activity for decomposition and removal of hydrocarbons, in particular, an excellent capability of decomposing propane, and an excellent anti-coking property.

Abstract: A method of preparing a mercury sorbent material comprising making a copper/clay mixture by admixing a dry clay and a dry copper source; making a sulfur/clay mixture by admixing a dry clay and a dry sulfur source; admixing the copper/clay mixture and the sulfur/clay mixture, to form a mercury sorbent pre-mixture; and shearing the mercury sorbent pre-mixture to form the mercury sorbent material. The mercury sorbent material has an interlayer d(001)-spacing of less than 12 ? when the mercury sorbent material contains less than 4 wt % water, and a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the mercury sorbent material is substantially free of a diffraction peak at 2.73±0.01 ?, and the ?-potential of the mercury sorbent material is greater than the ?-potential of the dry clay.

Abstract: A catalyst particle which comprises a metallic oxide such as kaolin is provided with the unique structure by mixing small amounts of a polyphosphate structuring agent with the metallic oxide and heating the mixture of metallic oxide and polyphosphate to allow reaction of the structuring agent with the metallic oxide.

Abstract: An apparatus for promoting the clotting of blood and controlling bleeding comprises a receptacle for retaining molecular sieve material in particulate form therein. A pad for controlling bleeding comprises a mesh structure and a rigid or semi-rigid support attached to the mesh structure to facilitate the application of pressure to the pad and the wound. A bandage applicable to a bleeding wound comprises a mesh structure and a flexible substrate attached to the mesh structure, the substrate being a cloth or plastic member that may be adhesively attached to cover a wound. In any embodiment, at least a portion of the receptacle or mesh structure is defined by a mesh having openings therein, and at least a portion of the particulate molecular sieve material is in direct contact with blood.

Abstract: A device for promoting the clotting of blood comprises a clay material in particle form and a receptacle for containing the clay material. At least a portion of the receptacle is defined by a mesh. Another device comprises a gauze substrate and a clay material disposed on the gauze substrate. Another device is a bandage comprising a substrate, a mesh mounted on the substrate, and particles of a clay material retained in the mesh. A hemostatic sponge comprises a substrate, a hemostatic material disposed on a first surface of the substrate, and a release agent disposed on a second surface of the substrate. The release agent is disposed on the wound-contacting surface of the substrate. When treating a bleeding wound, application of the hemostatic sponge causes at least a portion of the hemostatic material to come into contact with blood through the release agent and through the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorbent comprising a clay material and activated carbon. Further the invention relates to an animal feed comprising such adsorbent and to the use of such adsorbent for the adsorption of microbial toxins, in particular mycotoxins.

Abstract: An apparatus for promoting the clotting of blood and controlling bleeding comprises a receptacle for retaining blood clotting material in particulate form therein. A pad for controlling bleeding comprises a mesh structure and a support attached to the mesh structure to facilitate the application of pressure to the pad and the wound. A bandage applicable to a bleeding wound comprises a mesh structure and a flexible substrate attached to the mesh structure, the substrate being a cloth or plastic member that may be adhesively attachable to cover a wound. In any embodiment, at least a portion of the receptacle or mesh structure is defined by a mesh having openings therein, and at least a portion of the particulate blood clotting material is in direct contact with blood. The mesh may include a zeolite powder impregnated or otherwise incorporated therein.

Abstract: A composition for promoting the formation of clots in blood comprises a zeolite and a binder. The zeolite is adjusted to have a specific moisture content. Processes by which the moisture content is adjusted include drying, re-hydrating, and combinations of drying and re-hydrating. A method of forming the composition comprises the steps of providing a zeolite and adjusting the moisture content such that upon application of the composition to a wound, a heat of hydration is reduced and heat transferred to the wound is reduced. A method of clotting blood flowing from a wound comprises the steps of applying the zeolite to the wound and maintaining the zeolite in contact with the wound for a predetermined amount of time, the zeolite having an adjusted moisture content and being capable of producing a controllable exothermic effect on the wound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a supported nonmetallocene catalyst and preparation thereof. The supported nonmetallocene catalyst can be produced with a simple and feasible process and is characterized by an easily controllable polymerization activity. This invention further relates to use of the supported nonmetallocene catalyst in olefin homopolymerization/copolymerization, which is characterized by a lowered assumption of the co-catalyst as compared with the prior art.

Abstract: The invention provides an adsorbent for removing sulfur from cracking gasoline or diesel fuel, which adsorbent comprises: (1) a carrier consisting of a source of silica, an inorganic oxide binder, and at least one oxide of metal selected from Groups IIB, VB and VIB; (2) at least one accelerant metal which is capable of reducing the sulfur in oxidized state to hydrogen sulfide and has a ?<0.5, wherein ?=(the amount in percentage of accelerant metal in crystal phase)/(the amount in percentage of accelerant metal in the adsorbent). The active components in the adsorbent can be evenly dispersed on the carrier in a matter close to monolayer dispersion, and which greatly improves the activity of the adsorbent. The preparation method and the use of the above adsorbent are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solid mineral composition of heavy metals, in particular mercury, in flue gas, to a method for preparing such a solid mineral compound and to the use thereof for reducing heavy metals, in particular mercury, in flue gas, by placing the flue gas in contact with the solid mineral composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, in particular the preparation of alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or their esters by core hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic polycarboxylic acids or their esters, and also to catalysts suitable therefore.

Abstract: Composite adsorbent beads have a porous and non-adsorbent core comprising at least one inorganic material and a porous and adsorbent shell comprising at least one adsorbent layer comprising a porous adsorbent material on the surface of the core. The core preferably comprises agglomerated inorganic particles having a mean particle size equal to or smaller than the mean particle size of the surrounding agglomerated adsorbent particles. The beads preferably are manufactured by calcining together a non-sintered core and the adsorbent layer. The beads can be used at the outlet end of an adsorption column to improve performance.

Abstract: Disclosed are device for promoting the clotting of blood comprising a clay material and a release agent. In some embodiments, the clay material is disposed within a substrate and the release agent is disposed within a mesh. The release agent can be configured to make direct contact with a bleeding wound when the device is in particle form and the clay material can promote hemostasis.

Abstract: An adsorbent for desulfurizing cracking gasoline or diesel fuel comprising 1) pillared clay, (2) inorganic oxide binder, (3) an oxide of one or more metals selected from Groups IIB, VB and VIB, and (4) at least one metal accelerant selected from cobalt, nickel, iron and manganese. The adsorbent exhibits excellent abrasion-resistant strength and desulfurization performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified clay sorbents which may be used as sorbents for chemical compounds. In addition, the present invention also relates to the use of modified clay sorbents for the sorption of chemical compounds. The modified clay sorbents of the present invention have particular application for the sorption of anionic and/or hydrophobic compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst system is disclosed for catalytic pyrolysis of a solid biomass material. The system comprises an oxide, silicate or carbonate of a metal or a metalloid. The specific combined meso and macro surface area of the system is in the range of from 1 m2/g to 100 m2/g. When used in a catalytic process the system provides a high oil yield and a low coke yield. The liquid has a relatively low oxygen content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst used in the manufacture of fatty acid alkyl esters and a method for preparing fatty acid alkyl esters using the same. The invention provides a high hardness solid ceramic metal catalyst obtained by mixing and sintering 0 wt %-80 wt % active catalyst material with a support material, wherein the support material is a silica alumina that is a mixed metal oxide and the active catalyst material is at least one of oxides, carbonates, and hydroxides of any kind selected from magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), beryllium (Be), copper r (Cu), zirconium (Zr), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), and barium (Ba). In addition, the invention provides a method for preparing fatty acid alkyl esters by performing transesterification and esterification of animal and vegetable oils and alcohols in the state where the ceramic metal catalyst is fixed within a reactor without processes for removing and purifying the catalyst.

Abstract: This invention is directed to hydrocracking catalysts and hydrocracking processes employing a magnesium aluminosilicate clay. The magnesium aluminosilicate clay has a characteristic 29Si NMR spectrum. The magnesium aluminosilicate clay is the product of a series of specific reaction steps. Briefly, the magnesium aluminosilicate clay employed in the catalyst and process of the present invention is made by combining a silicon component, an aluminum component, and a magnesium component, under aqueous conditions and at an acidic pH, to form a first reaction mixture and subsequently the pH of the first reaction mixture is adjusted to greater than about 7.5 to form a second reaction mixture. The second reaction mixture is allowed to react under conditions sufficient to form the magnesium aluminosilicate clay. The resulting magnesium aluminosilicate clay combines high surface area and activity for use in hydrocracking catalysts and processes.

Abstract: A mercury absorbent comprising a metal sulphide, a support material, a first binder and a second binder, wherein the first binder is a cement binder and the second binder is a high aspect ratio binder having an aspect ratio >2. A mercury removal process comprises contacting a mercury containing feed stream with the absorbent.

Abstract: A sorbent, suitable for removing heavy metals, including mercury, from fluids containing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide at temperatures up to 550° C., in the form of a shaped unit comprising one or more mixed-valency metal sulphides of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt or nickel.

Abstract: Synthesis of a support material impregnated with silver sulfide provides a sorbent composition. Generating the silver sulfide relies on reaction of sulfur dioxide and one of hydrogen gas and hydrogen sulfide in presence of the support material following silver loading of the support material. Contacting a fluid stream with the sorbent composition removes heavy metal from the fluid stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to apparatus designed to impregnate a sorbent. In some embodiments apparatus of the disclosure may comprise a mixing vessel having either a conical mixing chamber or an cylindrical mixing chamber designed to increase the contact surface area and/or contact/residence time of a sorbent and impregnant to produce compositions comprising an impregnated sorbent. Apparatus of the disclosure may also comprise one or more atomizers operable to produce atomized droplets of impregnant. The disclosure also provides methods for impregnation of a milled sorbent or an un-milled sorbent. Methods of the disclosure provide several technical advantages and may be cost effective. Impregnant sorbent compositions produced by methods and/or apparatus of the disclosure may have higher concentrations of an impregnant, a more uniform distribution of an impregnant and may have a greater sorbent efficiency.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a blended hydrous kaolin clay product comprising a platy coarse kaolin clay and a fine, hydrous kaolin clay. The blended kaolin clay product is suitable for use as a raw material component in the formation of cordierite products.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the maintenance of active chromium-based catalysts and their use in polymerization processes are described. In one embodiment, a system for the introduction of multiple polymerization components to activate a chromium based catalyst within a mix tank is described. Other described features may include materials and methods to purify the liquid medium of a catalyst slurry so that the catalyst slurry maintains a high level of activity. The active chromium-based catalyst may provide polyolefins with a number of desirable properties in a reliable, consistent, and predictable manner.

Abstract: A hemostatic device for promoting the clotting of blood includes a gauze substrate, a clay material disposed on the gauze substrate, and also a polyol such as glycerol or the like disposed on the gauze substrate to bind the clay material. When the device is used to treat a bleeding wound, at least a portion of the clay material comes into contact with blood emanating from the wound to cause the clotting. A bandage that can be applied to a bleeding wound to promote the clotting of blood includes a flexible substrate and a gauze substrate mounted thereon. The gauze substrate includes a clay material and a polyol. A hemostatic sponge also includes a gauze substrate and a dispersion of hemostatic material and a polyol on a first surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided, where the catalyst has an active surface that includes at least one nodular-structured (particulate) catalyst layer disposed on a support substrate, where the nodular-structured catalyst layer partially coats a surface of the support substrate. The invention further includes a fabrication method of the catalyst. The method includes depositing a catalyst precursor coating on a support substrate by heating a catalyst precursor solution on the support substrate, and further heating the catalyst precursor-coated substrate until a nodular-structured (particulate) catalyst is formed, where the nodular-structured catalyst layer partially coats a surface of the support substrate.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a synthesis process for preparing magnesium aluminosilicate clays and to the products of said process. Briefly, a silicon component, an aluminum component, and a magnesium component are combined, under aqueous conditions and at an acidic pH, to form a first reaction mixture and subsequently the pH of the first reaction mixture is adjusted to greater than 7.5 to form a second reaction mixture. The second reaction mixture is allowed to react under conditions sufficient to form the magnesium aluminosilicate clay of the present invention. The invention is also directed to catalyst compositions comprising the magnesium aluminosilicate clays synthesized according to the process of the invention. The resulting magnesium aluminosilicate clay can be used as a catalyst or as a component in catalyst compositions.

Abstract: A catalyst system for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising saccharide is disclosed. Generating the polyol involves, contacting hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising saccharide, with a catalyst system to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol and recovering the polyol from the effluent stream. The catalyst system comprises at least one metal component with an oxidation state greater than or equal to 2+.

Abstract: A pressed sorbent form includes a sorbent and a binder. The sorbent is chosen from the group including silica gel, molecular sieve, activated carbon, and clay. The binder is powdered ethyl vinyl acetate.

Abstract: A hazardous substance adsorbing tablet prepared by direct compression of a dry powder mixture which includes a porous particulate adsorbent having an average particle diameter of 100 ?m or less and containing 200 mesh pass particles in an amount of more than 80% by weight, and a particulate binder having an apparent specific gravity of at least 1.

Abstract: Provided are a mesoporous carbon containing at least one heteroatom boron and phosphorus, a manufacturing method thereof, and a fuel cell using the same. The mesoporous carbon contains a heteroatom such as boron and phosphorous to reduce sheet resistance, and thus can efficiently transfer electric energy. Such a mesoporous carbon can be used as a conductive material of electrodes for fuel cells. When the mesoporous carbon is used as a support for catalysts of electrodes, a supported catalyst containing the support can be used to manufacture a fuel cell having high efficiency.

Abstract: The disclosed sorbents are for adsorbing sulfur compounds, particularly sulfur-containing aromatic compounds, from liquid hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline, cracked gasoline, diesel, high sulfur liquid fossil fuels, ultra-low sulfur fuel (ULSF) in fuel cell applications, and mixtures thereof. The sorbent compositions comprise one or more silicates having one or more metal nitrates admixed together. The one or more metal nitrates include iron (II) or (III), zinc (II), cadmium (II) and mercury (II) nitrate. The method of preparing and using the sorbents is also provided.

Abstract: The use of a sulfur-impregnated organoclay provides a mercury or arsenic removal media having increased reactivity, stability, and mercury removal ability. The Hg/As removal media described herein is prepared by impregnating an organophilic clay with elemental (free state) sulfur. Alternatively, the clay can be made organophilic by onium ion reaction prior to or simultaneously with impregnating the organoclay with sulfur.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a catalyst useful for the epoxidation of an olefin. More particularly, the invention pertains to an improved catalyst useful for the epoxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide. The catalyst has improved selectivity in the epoxidation process. The catalyst comprises a solid support having a surface, which has a first mode of pores which have a diameter ranging from about 0.01 ?m to about 5 ?m and having a differential pore volume peak in the range of from about 0.01 ?m to about 5 ?m. The surface then has a second mode of pores, different from the first mode of pores, which second mode of pores have a diameter ranging from about 1 ?m to about 20 ?m and have a differential pore volume peak in the range of from about 1 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a novel active clay having superior decolorizing performance to the conventional active clays and a decolorizing agent comprising the active clay for animal and plant fats and oils or for mineral oils. [Means for Solution] The active clay has a porous volume of 0.40 to 0.60 cm3/g with porous sizes of 1.7 to 100 nm as measured by the nitrogen adsorption method, a porous volume ratio (B/A) of the porous volume (A) with porous sizes of 1.7 to 11.5 nm and the porous volume (B) with porous sizes of not smaller than 11.5 nm but not larger than 100 nm in a range of 0.75 to 1.5, and an amount of solid acid of Ho??3.0 in a range of 0.15 to 0.40 mmols/g.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for constructing a fractal network structure in hydrogen storage material to improve the hydrogen uptake at room temperature, the method including the following steps: providing a hydrogen storage material comprising a source and a receptor of hydrogen atoms, wherein the source is disposed above the receptor, and a chemical bridge is disposed between the source and the receptor, wherein the chemical bridge is composed of precursor material; and treating the hydrogen storage material to construct a fractal network structure of mesopores and micropores in the receptor, so as to enhance the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage material at room temperature.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a method of preparation of a nano-material for dechlorination of polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) from oil. The method involves preparing a modified bentonite prepared by treating with hexadecyl pyridinium bromide surfactant and dispersing the modified bentonite in cyclohexane. Aqueous solutions of metal ion such as Cadmium Nitrate or Zinc Nitrate and sulfide ions such as sodium sulfide are added alternately to obtain metal sulphide nano-particles. zinc nitrate is more preferable. The method of dechlorination of polychlorobiphenyls from oil involves irradiating a mixture of oil, nano-material and a solvent such as toluene under UV light for 2-6 h. A nano-material including a modified bentonite with a mono-layer of surfactant and metal sulphide nano-particles such as ZnS and CdS for remediation of oil containing PCB, is also provided.

Abstract: A device for promoting the clotting of blood comprises a clay material in particle form and a receptacle for containing the clay material. At least a portion of the receptacle is defined by a mesh. Another device comprises a gauze substrate and a clay material disposed on the gauze substrate. Another device is a bandage comprising a substrate, a mesh mounted on the substrate, and particles of a clay material retained in the mesh. A hemostatic sponge comprises a substrate, a hemostatic material disposed on a first surface of the substrate, and a release agent disposed on a second surface of the substrate. The release agent is disposed on the wound-contacting surface of the substrate. When treating a bleeding wound, application of the hemostatic sponge causes at least a portion of the hemostatic material to come into contact with blood through the release agent and through the substrate.

Abstract: An adsorbent composition prepared based on high solids formulation containing a clay, a binder precursor, optionally an adsorbent additive, a slurring agent and a process for preparing a shaped microspherical adsorbent product to be used in animal feed for reducing feed contamination and preventing bacteria growth and feed spoilage.

Abstract: Architecture comprising ceramic or metallic foam, characterized in that the foam has a constant axial and radial porosity between 10 to 90% with a pore size between 2 to 60 ppi, and at least one continuous and/or discontinuous, axial and/or radial concentration of catalytic active(s) phase(s) from 0.01 wt % to 100 wt %, preferentially from 0.1 to 20 wt. %, and in that the architecture has a microstructure comprising specific area ranging between 0.1 to 30 m2/g, a grain size between 100 nm and 20 microns and a skeleton densification above 95%.

Abstract: An architecture made of a ceramic or a metallic foam has at least one continuous and/or discontinuous, axial and/or radial porosity gradient ranging from 10 to 90% associated to a pore size range from 2 to 60 ppi, at least one continuous and/or discontinuous, axial and/or radial concentration gradient of catalytic active(s) phase(s) from 0.01 wt % to 100 wt % preferentially from 0.1 wt % to 20 wt %, and a microstructure with a specific area ranging between 0.1 to 30 m2/g, a grain size between 100 nm and 20 microns and a skeleton densification above 95%.

Abstract: A method for producing an oil-binding agent of granular open-porous structure with a silicate ceramic matrix by using recovered paper material and clay. The method is characterized in that, in each case based on the entire raw material, 35 to 60 wt.-% sewage sludge with a water content of between 70 and 85 wt.-%, 25 to 55 wt.-% recovered paper material with a water content of between 35 and 55 wt.-%, 10 to 25 wt.-% clay and optionally 1 to 3 wt.-% zeolite, 1 to 2 wt.-% quicklime and/or up to 3 wt. % fly ash are mixed to a homogeneous mixture. The raw material thus obtained is subsequently processed in order to form particles having an average diameter of 4 to 6 mm. The particles are then dried and subsequently burnt at 950 to 1050° C. The oil-binding agents produced according to said method have a bulk density of between 0.4 and 0.75 kg/1 and a oil-binding capability of 0.7 to 1.0 1 oil per oil-binder.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a catalyst for the epoxidation of an olefin to an olefin oxide, the catalyst comprising a support having at least two pore size distributions, each pore size distribution possessing a different mean pore size and a different pore size of maximum concentration, the catalyst further comprising a catalytically effective amount of silver, a promoting amount of rhenium, and a promoting amount of one or more alkali metals, wherein the at least two pore size distributions are within a pore size range of about 0.01 ?m to about 50 ?m. The invention is also directed to a process for the oxidation of an olefin to an olefin oxide using the above-described catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing metallic nanoparticles and to the materials thus obtained. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of preparing metallic nanoparticles consisting in: selecting a precursor from the salts, hydroxides and oxides of metallic elements that can be reduced at temperatures below the clay silicate network destruction temperature; and depositing said precursor on a support selected from pseudolaminar phyllosilicate clays. According to the invention the method comprises: (i) a deposition step in which the precursor is deposited on the support: (ii) when the precursor is selected from among salts and hydroxides, a thermal decomposition step in a controlled atmosphere, in which the precursor is subjected to a decomposition process and is transformed into an oxide of the metallic element: and (iii) a reduction step in which the oxide of the metallic element is subjected to a reduction process in a controlled atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst comprising a mixture of at least one acid-activated sheet silicate with a transition metal oxide of groups 8 and/or 9 of the Periodic Table of the Elements and also a process for preparing polytetrahydrofuran, polytetrahydrofuran copolymers, diesters or monoesters of these polymers, in which tetrahydrofuran is polymerized in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer over such a catalyst.

Abstract: A method for making a solid catalytic component for a Ziegler-Natta catalyst includes contacting a particulate porous support with a solution of a hydrocarbon soluble organomagnesium precursor compound in a hydrocarbon solvent; and reacting said hydrocarbon soluble organo-magnesium precursor compound with an amount of aliphatic or aromatic alcohol, said amount being within an acceptable range of a molar equivalent of aliphatic or aromatic alcohol calculated according to formula (I): Equ Alkanol = 2 · [ ( mmole ? ? MgR / g ? ? support ) - 2.1 - 0.