Containing Transition Metal Oxide With Rare Earth Or Alkaline Earth Patents (Class 505/776)
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Patent number: 8716187Abstract: The films of this invention are high temperature superconducting (HTS) thin films specifically optimized for microwave and RF applications. In particular, this invention focuses on compositions with a significant deviation from the 1:2:3 stoichiometry in order to create the films optimized for microwave/RF applications. The RF/microwave HTS applications require the HTS thin films to have superior microwave properties, specifically low surface resistance, Rs, and highly linear surface reactance, Xs, i.e. high JIMD. As such, the invention is characterized in terms of its physical composition, surface morphology, superconducting properties, and performance characteristics of microwave circuits made from these films.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2010Date of Patent: May 6, 2014Assignee: Superconductor Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Brian Moeckly, Viktor Gliantsev, Shing-jen (Luke) Peng, Balam Willemsen
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Patent number: 7867950Abstract: The films of this invention are high temperature superconducting (HTS) thin films specifically optimized for microwave and RF applications. In particular, this invention focuses on compositions with a significant deviation from the 1:2:3 stoichiometry in order to create the films optimized for microwave/RF applications. The RF/microwave HTS applications require the HTS thin films to have superior microwave properties, specifically low surface resistance, Rs, and highly linear surface reactance, Xs, i.e. high JIMD. As such, the invention is characterized in terms of its physical composition, surface morphology, superconducting properties, and performance characteristics of microwave circuits made from these films.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2005Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignee: Superconductor Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Brian Moeckly, Viktor Gliantsev, Shing-jen (Luke) Peng, Balam Willemsen
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Patent number: 7830047Abstract: An electrically powered launcher is disclosed that can accelerate small payloads to orbital velocities. The invention uses a novel geometry to overcome limitations of other design, and allows full exploitation of existing superconducting materials.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2008Date of Patent: November 9, 2010Assignee: The University of Houston SystemInventors: Phil Putman, Kamel Salama
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Patent number: 7667562Abstract: A new class of fundamental devices and methods for their manufacture and use. The bulk magnetic field replicators of the present invention require no precision machining or alignment to accurately reproduce magnetic fields of any complexity, nor extreme positional stability to maintain superconductivity. Such bulk devices may be formed of either low or high critical temperature superconductive materials, but are particularly adapted to formation from high critical temperature materials.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1990Date of Patent: February 23, 2010Inventor: Roy Weinstein
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Patent number: 7541313Abstract: A alloy (Mg—X) of metal (X) and Mg in a liquid phase is made to react with B in a solid phase at a low temperature to manufacture a superconductor, which contains a large amount of MgB2 potential for MRI, linear motorcar, superconducting cavity, electric power transmission cable, high-magnetic field magnet for medical units, electric power storage (SMES), and the like and is formed in the shape of bulk, wire, and foil, by heat treatment performed at a low temperature for a short time and at low cost.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 2004Date of Patent: June 2, 2009Assignee: National Institute for Materials ScienceInventors: Akihiro Kikuchi, Kiyoshi Inoue, Yasuo Iijima, Yuji Yoshida
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Patent number: 6740623Abstract: An Hg- or Nd-based oxide superconductor comprises Ba as a constituent element and has a content of carbon as an impurity at a level of not greater than 2.0 atomic % whereby the oxide superconductor stably shows high superconducting characteristics without causing degradation with time. For its production, BaO, which has a reduced content of carbon impurity of 0.5% or below, is provided as a feed stock for Ba, and the starting materials are mixed and processed in a dry atmosphere wherein an amount of a carbon-containing gas is suppressed to a certain level, thereby obtaining the oxide superconductor.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2003Date of Patent: May 25, 2004Assignee: International Superconductivity Technology CenterInventors: Ayako Yamamoto, Wei-Zhi Hu, Setsuko Tajima
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Publication number: 20030199395Abstract: High-Tc superconducting ceramic oxide products and macroscopic and microscopic methods for making such high-Tc superconducting products. Completely sealed high-Tc superconducting ceramic oxide provides are made by a macroscopic process including the steps of pressing a superconducting ceramic oxide powder into a hollow body of a material inert to oxygen; heat treating the superconducting ceramic oxide powder packed body under conditions sufficient to sinter the ceramic oxide powder; and then sealing any openings of the body. Optionally, a waveform or multiple pulses of alternate magnetic filed can be applied during the heat treatment.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 9, 2003Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventor: Dawei Zhou
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Patent number: 6537949Abstract: An Hg- or Nd-based oxide superconductor comprises Ba as a constituent element and has a content of carbon as an impurity at a level of not greater than 2.0 atomic % whereby the oxide superconductor stably shows high superconducting characteristics without causing degradation with time. For its production, BaO, which has a reduced content of carbon impurity of 0.5% or below, is provided as a feed stock for Ba, and the starting materials are mixed and processed in a dry atmosphere wherein an amount of a carbon-containing gas is suppressed to a certain level, thereby obtaining the oxide superconductor.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2000Date of Patent: March 25, 2003Assignee: International Superconductivity Technology CenterInventors: Ayako Yamamoto, Wei-Zhi Hu, Setsuko Tajima
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Patent number: 6310297Abstract: A strongly-linked polycrystalline oxide superconductor article includes an oxide superconductor selected from the group consisting 124-type and 247-type oxide superconductors having fine, highly aligned oxide superconductor grains less than &mgr;m long a longest dimension. The oxide superconductor article has at least a 25% retention of critical current density in a 0.1 Tesla field.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: October 30, 2001Assignee: American Superconductor Corp.Inventors: Lawrence J. Masur, Eric R. Podtburg
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Patent number: 6281171Abstract: A Mg-doped high-temperature superconductor having low superconducting anisotropy includes a two-dimensional layered structure constituted by a charge reservoir layer and a superconducting layer, wherein some or all atoms constituting the charge reservoir layer are Cu and O atoms, metallizing or rendering the charge reservoir layer superconducting, a portion of the Ca of the CunCan−1O2n constituting the superconducting layer is replaced by Mg, increasing superconductive coupling between CuO2 layers, a thickness of the superconducting layer is increased, and therefore coherence length in a thickness direction is increased based on the uncertainty principle, lowering superconducting anisotropy.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1999Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science & Technology, Ministry of International Trade & IndustryInventors: Hideo Ihara, Shyam Kishore Agarwal
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Publication number: 20010011066Abstract: The fabrication of superconducting wires and rods having desired and consistent electrical and mechanical properties, in particular those based on Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) and Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide (BSCCO), is disclosed. The first fabrication step is to form an extrudable paste by mixing YBCO or BSCCO superconducting powder with a set of organic additives, which include binder, plasticizers lubricant, dispersant, and a solvent. The following additional steps are performed on both YBCO and BSCCO based wires or rods: (i) using a piston extruder to extrude the superconducting wire or rod; (ii) drying the wire or rod to remove the solvent; and (iii) subjecting the wire or rod to a binder burn-out treatment to remove the remaining organic additives. In addition, YBCO wires and rods also require a sintering step, while BSCCO wires and rods also require cold isostatic pressing and heat treatment steps.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 19, 2001Publication date: August 2, 2001Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTONInventors: Krishnaswamy Ravi-Chandar, Devamanohar Ponnusamy, Kamel Salama
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Patent number: 5919735Abstract: A high temperature superconductor which has a layered crystal structure, which has a superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of 110 K or more, and which has a composition expressed by:Cu.sub.1-z M'.sub.z Ae.sub.2 Ca.sub.x-1 Cu.sub.x O.sub.y,where M' is at least one element selected from the group consisting of (a) trivalent ions of Tl, and (b) polyvalent ions of Mo, W, and Re,where Ae is at least one of Ba and Sr,where x ranges from 1 to 10,where y ranges from 2x+1 to 2x+4, andwhere z ranges from 0<z.ltoreq.0.5.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1995Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Hideo Ihara, Akira Iyo
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Patent number: 5920246Abstract: A composite material having a plurality of sections integrated into a unitary structure and each including a bulk of a superconductive metal oxide of RE--Ba--Cu--O wherein RE represents a rare earth element, the bulk of each of the sections having pinning centers and capable of trapping a magnetic field. A first one of the sections has a superconductive current density different from that of a second one of the sections. The composite material may be produced by assembling preformed respective sections into a unitary structure or by immersing one of the sections in a solution to grow crystal of Y--Ba--Cu--O superconductive on that section, followed by trimming.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1997Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignees: International Superconductivity Technolgy Center, Railway Technical Research InstituteInventors: Ken Nagashima, Naomichi Sakai, Sang-Im Yoo, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Masato Murakami
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Patent number: 5843870Abstract: Alkaline-doped superconductors of the formulaX M.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.8+.alpha.are provided where X is selected from the group consisting of TI, Pb, Mo, Hg and mixtures thereof, M is selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and mixtures thereof, and a ranges from zero to about 0.2, and being doped with a dopant selected from the group consisting of Na and Li up to a level of up to about 12% molar ratio, based upon the amount of the element X taken as 100%. The superconductors of the invention exhibit extremely high T.sub.c onset and T.sub.cO values and have high J.sub.c properties as well. The superconductors can be fabricated at relatively low annealing temperatures (750.degree.-820.degree. C.) making them suitable for use as thin films with a variety of conventional substrates.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1997Date of Patent: December 1, 1998Assignee: The University of KansasInventors: Judy Z. Wu, Sehwan Yoo
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Patent number: 5814585Abstract: The invention relates to a spray pyrolytic process for the preparation of multi-element metal oxide powders useful as precursors of high temperature superconductor ceramics. Aerosols of aqueous solutions containing corresponding metal salts admixed in the required stoichiometric proportion are sprayed through an independently operated hydrogen/oxygen flame in such a way that a flame temperature of 800.degree.-1100.degree. C. is maintained to form said powders. Any contact of the aerosols and powders generated during the process with carbon or carbon-containing compounds or materials is strictly avoided.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1996Date of Patent: September 29, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Rodney Riddle, Matthias Kuntz, Bernd Muller, Dietmar Raulin, Gunther Feldmann-Schlobohm
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Patent number: 5716907Abstract: The present invention is an oxide superconductor containing alkaline earth metal M (where M is at least one element of Ba, Sr, and Ca) and having a crystalline structure in which a portion based on two rock-salt structures including the alkaline earth metal M, oxygen, and chlorine, and a 2n-1 piece of infinite layer structure portion are alternately layered on each other, said 2n-1 piece of infinite layer structure portion having an atom layer including copper atoms and oxygen atoms in a ratio of 1 to 2 and of an atom layer including only M atoms layered on each other (where n is an integer of 1 or more and where copper atoms and oxygen atom are contained in a ratio of 1 to 2 if n is 1).Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1996Date of Patent: February 10, 1998Assignees: International Superconductivity Technology Center, The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Tohoku Electric PowerInventors: Tadashi Tatsuki, Seiji Adachi, Makoto Itoh, Toshiyuki Tamura, Changqin Jin, Xiao-Jing Wu, Hisao Yamauchi
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Patent number: 5705457Abstract: The present invention provides an oxide superconductor which is expressed in the composition formula(Pb.sub.1-x-y M.sub.x (A1).sub.y)(A2).sub.2 (A3).sub.n-1 (Cu).sub.n (O).sub.2n+3+z(wherein 0.ltoreq.0.6, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.6, x+y.ltoreq.0.6, n denotes integers of 1 or more, -0.6.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.5, M denotes Cu or Cd, and A1, A2 and A3 denote at least one element of Ba, Sr, and Ca, respectively) and which has a crystal structure stacking rock salt structure based portions and infinite layer structure portions, wherein the rock salt structure based portion has a structure that an atoms layer having 0.5-1.5 oxygen atoms, in case the total atoms number of Pb, M and A1 is one, and an atoms layer having one or less oxygen atoms per one A2 atom, are stacked and the infinite layer structure portion has a structure that an atoms layer having 2 oxygen atoms per one Cu atom and an atoms layer of A3 atoms only, are stacked.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1995Date of Patent: January 6, 1998Assignees: The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., International Superconductivity Technology CenterInventors: Toshiyuki Tamura, Seiji Adachi, Xiao-Jing Wu, Hisao Yamauchi
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Patent number: 5674815Abstract: An oxide superconductor composed of Cu, O and M (M is Ba, Sr and/or Ca) and including alternately arranged at least one rock-salt structure section and at least one infinite layer structure section, wherein the rock-salt structure section consists of two atomic layers each consisting of O and M and each having an atomic ratio O/M of 1 or less, and the infinite layer structure section consists of alternately arranged, first and second atomic layers. Each of the first atomic layers consists of O and Cu and has an atomic ratio O/Cu of 2, while each of the second atomic layers consists of the element M. The infinite layer structure section may consist of only one first atomic layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1996Date of Patent: October 7, 1997Assignees: International Superconductivity Technology Center, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Seiji Adachi, Hisao Yamauchi, Shoji Tanaka, Nobuo Mouri
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Patent number: 5670458Abstract: An oxide superconductor having a composition of the formula: A.sub.n+1 Cu.sub.n O.sub.2n+1+.delta. in which A is at least one alkaline earth metal element selected from the group consisting of calcium, strontium and barium, n is an integer of at least one, and .delta. is a number larger than 0 and not larger than 1, a laminate structure in which a layer having a partial composition of A.sub.2 O.sub.1+.delta. and a layer having a partial composition of A.sub.n-1 Cu.sub.n O.sub.2n are alternately laminated, and a superconductive critical temperature equal to or higher than the liquid nitrogen temperature.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1996Date of Patent: September 23, 1997Assignees: Seisan Kaihatsu Kagaku Kenkyusho, NEC CorporationInventors: Mikio Takano, Zenji Hiroi, Yasuo Takeda, Toshio Takada, deceased, by Komichi Takada, administrator, by Jun Takada, administrator, by Kei Takada, administrator
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Patent number: 5670457Abstract: An oxide superconductor composed of Cu, O and at least one of Ba, Sr and Ca and including alternately arranged at least one oxygen-deficient perovskite structure section and at least one infinite layer structure section, wherein the perovskite structure section consists of two first atomic layers and a second atomic layer sandwiched between the first layers, and wherein the infinite layer structure section consists of alternately arranged, third and fourth atomic layers. Each of the first layers consists of O and an element M.sup.1 selected from Ba, Sr and Ca and has an atomic ratio O/M.sup.1 of 1 or less, while the second layer consists of O and Cu and has an atomic ratio O/Cu of 2 or less. Each of the third layers consists of O and Cu and has an atomic ratio O/Cu of 2, while each of the fourth layers consists of an element M.sup.2 selected from Ba, Sr and Ca. A superconductor having a superconducting critical temperature of over 100 K. may be produced by heat treatment at 800.degree.-1,200.degree.C.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1994Date of Patent: September 23, 1997Assignees: International Superconductivity Technology Center, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Seiji Adachi, Changqin Jin, Xiao-Jing Wu, Hisao Yamauchi, Shoji Tanaka
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Patent number: 5620945Abstract: Processes are provided for forming a superconductive composite, comprising a superconductive metal oxide and a ceramic. The composite may be formed in any desired shape. Liquid nitrogen can be held around the superconductor longer and delivered in a more controlled fashion and the composite has improved resistance to shatter and thermal shock. The ceramic also provides protection from atmospheric deterioration of the superconductive oxide.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: April 15, 1997Assignee: The Boeing CompanyInventors: Anna L. Baker, Michael Strasik
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Patent number: 5614472Abstract: The invention relates to a spray pyrolyric process for the preparation of multi-element metal oxide powders useful as precursors of high temperature superconductor ceramics. Aerosols of aqueous solutions containing corresponding metal salts admixed in the required stoichiometric proportion are sprayed through an independently operated hydrogen/oxygen flame in such a way that a flame temperature of 800.degree.-1100.degree. C. is maintained to form said powders. Any contact of the aerosols and powders generated during the process with carbon or carbon-containing compounds or materials is strictly avoided.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1995Date of Patent: March 25, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Rodney Riddle, Matthias Kuntz, Bernd M uller, Dietmar Raulin, G unther Feldmann-Schlobohm
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Patent number: 5589441Abstract: Processes are provided for forming a superconductive composite, comprising a superconductive metal oxide and a ceramic. The composite may be formed in any desired shape. Liquid nitrogen can be held around the superconductor longer and delivered in a more controlled fashion and the composite has improved resistance to shatter and thermal shock. The ceramic also provides protection from atmospheric deterioration of the superconductive oxide.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1994Date of Patent: December 31, 1996Assignee: The Boeing CompanyInventors: Anna L. Baker, Michael Strasik
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Patent number: 5578551Abstract: The present invention is a controlled vapor/solid reaction process for the synthesis of samples of bulk compositions with a structure defined by the homologous series HgBa.sub.2 Ca.sub.n-1 Cu.sub.n O.sub.2n+2+.delta. [Hg-12(n-1)n] with n=2, 3, . . . with up to 75 to 90% Hg-1212 and 65 to 75% Hg-1223 by volume, which display sharp superconducting transitions up to 135 K.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1993Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: University of HoustonInventors: Ching-Wu Chu, Ruling Meng, Y. Q. Wang
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Patent number: 5559084Abstract: Disclosed are a composition and a method of preparing a composition of the formula R.sub.2 Q.sub.4 Cu.sub.7 O.sub.x, wherein R is a rare-earth ion or a mixture of rare earth ions, and Q is Ba, or Ba combined with either Sr or Ca or both Sr and Ca. Such compositions have a unique crystalline structure and are superconducting oxides.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 1991Date of Patent: September 24, 1996Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: John B. Vandersande, Gregory J. Yurek, Toshihiro Kogure
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Patent number: 5523284Abstract: In accordance this invention, there is provided a process for making a bulk superconductive material. In the first step of this process, a diffusion couple is formed from superconductor oxide and impurity oxide. Thereafter, the diffusion couple is heated to a temperature in excess of 800 degrees Centigrade, cooled at a controlled rate, and annealed.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: Alfred UniversityInventors: James G. Fagan, Jr., Vasantha R. W. Amarakoon
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Patent number: 5508256Abstract: A method of producing a high-temperature oxide superconducting material, which comprises the steps of (a) preparing a material corresponding to an oxide superconductor of the perovskite type structure consisting essentially of a first member selected from the group consisting yttrium, lanthanoids, thallium and bismuth; at least one alkaline earth metal; copper; and oxygen and (b) heating the material in the presence of an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, rubidium and cesium to a temperature around the melting point of the alkali metal or to a higher temperature for a time sufficient to effect grain growth in the superconductor material, thereby to produce the superconductor containing the alkali metal in an amount not larger than 4 mole % based on the first member.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1994Date of Patent: April 16, 1996Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Teruo Kumagai, Tsuneyuki Kanai, Atsuko Soeta, Takaaki Suzuki, Kazutoshi Higashiyama, Tomoichi Kamo, Shinpei Matsuda, Kunihiro Maeda, Akira Okayama, Hideyo Kodama, Akira Yoshinari, Yoshimi Yanai
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Patent number: 5506196Abstract: A super conducting material is disclosed which exhibits super conducting properties at higher temperatures than known so far. The super conducting by the invented materials is exhibited at temperatures of over 110.degree. K. Various combinations of the components exhibits superconductivities even at temperatures of around 273.degree. K. or even around 300.degree. K. Contrary to known art superconducting materials, which require super cooled conditions and are suited only to sophisticated applications, and thereby have limited applications, the materials of this inventions do not always require super cooled conditions are suited for limitless applications and can work even at room temperature conditions. While a large range of choice of materials are suggested a few important combinations are made of oxides of Bismuth, Barium and Copper. Replacement of Barium by Thallium gives additional advantages.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1993Date of Patent: April 9, 1996Assignee: Magnetic Power, Inc.Inventor: Mihir Sen
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Patent number: 5445766Abstract: The disclosed substance has a composition of a general chemical formula ofBi.sub.2 -(Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.1).sub.1-x (La.sub.2 Y.sub.1).sub.x -Cu.sub.y -O.sub.z,where 0.4.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, y=2 and z=9-10.5, wherein said substance is an insulator or a semiconductor in the dark, and has a photoconductivity Q(.lambda.,T) in conjugate with superconductivity of a superconductor of an adjacent component of the Bi-SrCa-LaY-Cu-O system at and below a critical temperature (T) of less than 105-115K and below 65-85K at photoexcitation in an optical wavelength range (.lambda.) of 420-670 nm. The present invention relates to a method for producing the same and a superconductive optoelectronic device by using the same. The present invention also relates to an organized integration of the element or device into an apparatus to further develop a new field of "Superconductive Optoelectronics.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1992Date of Patent: August 29, 1995Assignee: The University of TokyoInventor: Taizo Masumi
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Patent number: 5444039Abstract: The oxide superconductor according to the present invention is represented by (Hg.sub.1-x Pb.sub.x)Ba.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub..delta. (0.08.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.41, 7.625.ltoreq..delta..ltoreq.9.15), and has a crystal structure in which a lamination unit of (Hg, Pb)O.sub.z -BaO-CuO.sub.2 -Ca-CuO.sub.2 -Ca-CuO.sub.2 -BaO is laminated in a c-axial direction of the crystal structure (0.625.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.2.15). Further, the method of manufacturing an oxide superconductor, according to the present invention, includes the steps of: mixing material powders of HgO, PbO, BaO, CaO and CuO at a mole ratio of (Hg.sub.1-x Pb.sub.x):Ba:Ca:Cu=a:2:b:c (1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.2.5, 2.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.3, 2.5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.4) and compression-molding the mixture powder into a compact; and subjecting the compact to a thermal treatment at 600.degree.-750.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1994Date of Patent: August 22, 1995Assignees: Tohoku Electric Power Copany, Incorporated, Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., International Superconductivity Technology CenterInventors: Kazuyuki Isawa, Ayako Yamamoto, Makoto Itoh, Seiji Adachi, Hisao Yamauchi
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Patent number: 5430008Abstract: Superconducting materials and methods of forming superconducting materials are disclosed. Highly oxidized superconductors are heated at a relatively high temperature so as to release oxygen, which migrates out of the material, and form a non-superconducting phase which does not diffuse out of grains of the material. The material is then reoxidized at a lower temperature, leaving the non-superconducting inclusions inside a superconducting phase. The non-superconducting inclusions act as pinning centers in the superconductor, increasing the critical current thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1991Date of Patent: July 4, 1995Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventor: Donald E. Morris
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Patent number: 5389603Abstract: A new class of high temperature superconductive oxides is disclosed. An exemplary member of the class has nominal composition Pb.sub.2 Sr.sub.2 Y.sub.0.5 Ca.sub.0.5 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.8 and has a transition temperature T.sub.c (onset) of about 79K.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1990Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: AT&T Corp.Inventors: Bertram J. Batlogg, Robert J. Cava
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Patent number: 5372990Abstract: Provided is an oxide superconductor in which superconducting layer is sandwiched between two blocking layers having different compositions. Available superconducting layers include a one-layer system having one Cu-O.sub.2 sheet, a two-layer system having a mediating layer sandwiched between two Cu-O.sub.2 sheets, and a three-layer system having mediating layers sandwiched individually between three Cu-O.sub.2 sheets.Since the blocking layers are of different compositions, seventy-seven kinds of oxide superconductors can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1992Date of Patent: December 13, 1994Assignee: Toray Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Hitoshi Nobumasa, Kazuharu Shimizu
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Patent number: 5360786Abstract: The disclosed superconductive material has a characteristic in accordance with which electrical resistance disappears at a temperature of at least more than the boiling point of 20.3.degree. K. (-252.7.degree. C.) of liquid hydrogen and relates to La-Ba-Cu-O series superconductive material.Said superconductive material consists essentially of a composition having the formula(La.sub.1-x M.sub.x).sub.2 CuO.sub.4-x/2wherein, M=Ba or Ba(Sr, Ca) and x=0.04.about.0.20 as a main body, wherein the material has a K.sub.2 NiF.sub.4 crystal structure.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1993Date of Patent: November 1, 1994Assignee: University of TokyoInventors: Shoji Tanaka, Koichi Kitazawa, Shin-ichi Uchida, Hidenoir Takagi
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Patent number: 5354733Abstract: An oxide superconductor contains carbonate radicals and compositions represented by the general formula (Ba.sub.1-x Sr.sub.x).sub.2 Cu.sub.1+y C.sub.w O.sub.3+Z, wherein x, y, w and z satisfy the following relations: 0.25.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.64, -0.11.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.77, 0.89.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.1.77 and 1.67.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.4.33. The superconductor has a transition temperature of 20 K. or higher and a coherence length of 30 .ANG..Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1993Date of Patent: October 11, 1994Assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone CorporationInventors: Kyoichi Kinoshita, Tomoaki Yamada
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Patent number: 5340797Abstract: A method of preparing a superconductor. The method includes preparing a mixture of superconductor material constituents, disposing the constituents on a silver containing substrate, heating the mixture of constituents on a silver containing substrate, heating the mixture in a first atmosphere having a partial pressure of CO.sub.2 to control decomposition of at least one of the superconductor material constituents and changing the first atmosphere to a second atmosphere consisting essentially of an oxidizing gas capable of allowing decomposition of at least one of the superconductor material constituents.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: Illinois Superconductor CorporationInventors: James D. Hodge, Lori J. Klemptner
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Patent number: 5318949Abstract: A superconducting ceramic composition which is free of thallium, the composition having a unit cell containing two perovskite structure copper-oxygen planes and a rocksalt structure layer having a single plane containing cadmium.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 1992Date of Patent: June 7, 1994Assignees: GEC-Marconi Limited, BICC Public Limited CompanyInventors: Martin R. Harrison, Simon R. Hall, Timothy P. Beales
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Patent number: 5278139Abstract: A superconducting material and a process for producing a superconducting material comprising a compound oxide represented by the general formula:(Ba, .gamma.).sub.x (.alpha.,.beta.).sub.1 -.sub.x .epsilon..sub.y Cu.sub.1-y O.sub.3 -zin which".gamma." represents an element of the IIa group of the periodic table except Ba, an atomic ratio of .gamma. to Ba, being selected in a range between 1% and 90%,".alpha.represents Y or La,".beta." represents an element of the IIIa group of the periodic table but is different from .alpha., an atomic ratio of .beta. to .alpha. being selected in a range between 1 and 90%,".epsilon." represents a metal element of the IIIb group of the periodic table,x, y and z are numbers each satisfies ranges of O.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, O.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1, and O.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1 respectively, andthe expression of (Ba, .gamma.) and (.alpha., .beta.) mean that the respective elements occupy predetermined sites in a crystal in a predetermined proportion.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1992Date of Patent: January 11, 1994Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Nobuhiko Fujita, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 5262393Abstract: The present invention provides a layered copper oxide as an insulator for superconductor or as a superconductor, which has a chemical composition represented by the formula of (R,Ce).sub.3 Sr.sub.2 Cu.sub.2 (M,Cu)O.sub.11, wherein R is a rare earth element other than Ce and M is one or both of Pb and T1, and has a crystal structure comprising a (M,Cu)Sr.sub.2 (R,Ce)Cu.sub.2 O.sub.7 ; unit of a TlBa.sub.2 CaCu.sub.2 O.sub.7 (1-2-1-2)-type structure and a [(R,Ce)O.sub.2 ].sub.2 unit of a fluorite-type structure alternately put on each other, or a chemical composition represented by the formula of (R,Ce).sub.3 Sr.sub.2 Cu.sub.2 (M,Cu)O.sub.10+z, wherein R is a rare earth element other than Ce, M is one or both of Pb or Tl, and has a crystal structure comprising a (R,Ce)Sr.sub.2 Cu.sub.2 (Cu,M)O.sub.6+z unit of a YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.3 O.sub.6+.delta. -type structure and a [(R,Ce)O.sub.2 ].sub.2 unit of a fluorite-type structure alternately put on each other, wherein z is in the range of 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1991Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignees: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., International Superconductivity Technology Center, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Ube Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Takahiro Wada, Ataru Ichinose, Kazuyuki Hamada, Hisao Yamauchi, Shoji Tanaka
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Patent number: 5250510Abstract: A now superconducting material comprising a compound oxide represented by the general formula:(Ba, Ca).sub.x (.alpha., Dy).sub.1-x Tl.sub.y Cu.sub.1-y O.sub.3-zwherein".alpha." represents Y or La;the atomic ratio of Ca to Ba is between 1% and 90%;the atomic ratio of Dy to .alpha. is between 1% and 90%;x, y and z are within the ranges of 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1, and 0.ltoreq.z<1 respectively; andthe expression of (Ba, Ca) and (.alpha., Dy) mean that the respective elements occupy predetermined sites in a crystal in a predetermined proportion.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1992Date of Patent: October 5, 1993Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Nobuhiko Fujita, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 5217949Abstract: Superconducting materials of the (T1,In)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system-type are modified to raise their critical tempertures by substituting an element M for part of the Tl/In and optionally substituting Y or a rare earth element for some of the Ca.M is a transition metal with valency electrons in d orbitals in its normal state and having accessible tri-and/or tetra-valent states, that is V, Ti, Cr, Zr, Nb, Hf or Ta (which are preferred) Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Rh, W, Os, Ir, Re or Ru.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1991Date of Patent: June 8, 1993Assignee: Lynxvale LimitedInventors: Ru-Shi Liu, Robert Janes, Wuzong Zhou, Peter P. Edwards
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Patent number: 5200387Abstract: A compact superconductor of the empirical composition YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x .times.zCuO, in which z is a number from 0.08 to 0.84, consists of elongated crystals grown together irregularly. It has a density of at least 5.9 g/cm.sup.3, in particular at least 6.02 g/cm.sup.3. It is prepared by mixing a fine-grained superconductor powder of the composition YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x with 1 to 10% by weight of CuO, compressing the mixture under a pressure of at least 1 MPa to give a compact, and heating this compact at 940.degree.-985.degree. C. for at least 5 hours.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1990Date of Patent: April 6, 1993Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Schwarz, Iris Kullmer
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Patent number: 5198413Abstract: An oxide-superconducting device comprises first and second electrodes of oxide-superconductor which are connected through a tunnel barrier layer. The oxide-superconductor is formed on a substrate having a recess, and it includes grain boundaries along the recess. The tunnel barrier layer is formed along the grain boundaries, and it is made of any material of an element F, Cl, Br, I, C, O, S, P or N, a mixture consisting of such elements, and a compound containing such an element, the material being introduced into the grain boundaries and/or lattice interstices near the grain boundaries.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1991Date of Patent: March 30, 1993Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Yoshinobu Tarutani, Ushio Kawabe
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Patent number: 5194421Abstract: The present invention provides an oxide superconductor which is mainly composed of bismuth, lead, strontium, calcium, magnesium, and copper and has the composition represented by the formula:Bi.sub.1-A Pb.sub.A Sr.sub.1-B Mg.sub.B Ca.sub.1 Cu.sub.1.7.+-.0.3 Oxwherein A=0.15-0.35 and B=0.05-0.3 in which numerals represent atomic ratio and an oxide superconductor which is mainly composed of bismuth, lead, strontium, calcium, magnesium, barium and copper and has the composition represented by the formula:Bi.sub.1-A Pb.sub.A Sr.sub.1-(B+C) (Mg.sub.B Ba.sub.C)Ca.sub.1 Cu.sub.1.7.+-.0.3 Oxwherein A=0.15-0.35, B=0.05-0.3 and C=0.02-0.2 in which numerals represent atomic ratio. Methods for producing these superconductors are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1991Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Hitachi Chemical CompanyInventors: Shuichiro Shimoda, Toranosuke Ashizawa, Keiji Sumiya, Hideji Kuwajima, Minoru Ishihara, Shozo Yamana
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Patent number: 5151409Abstract: A superconducting oxide composition comprising Ln-Th-Cu-O wherein Ln indicates at least one element selected from a group consisting of Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd and Er. A superconducting structure is formed in such a manner that at least an insulating layer is sandwiched between two superconductor layers but the superconductor layers are electrically coupled with each other, and a superconducting device including the superconducting structure is constructed so as to perform a switching operation for an electric signal, to detect a light signal, and to detect the intensity of a magnetic field. Another superconducting device is formed so that two superconductor layers are put in direct contact with each other, and a tunnel current between the superconductor layers can be controlled.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1990Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Masahiko Hiratani, Shin'ichiro Saitoh, Katsuki Miyauchi, Tsuyoshi Seko
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Patent number: 5149684Abstract: A process for preparing a superconductor-coated substrate including calcining a mixture of powdered yttrium or rare earth oxide (R), barium carbonate and copper oxide in a controlled atmosphere and in accordance with a predetermined temperature profile to form a superconductor powder having a stoichiometric ratio of R-Ba-Cu of approximately 1-2-3. The melting transition width of the resulting powder is relatively narrow, such that the melting onset temperature is above the high temperatures advantageously used to sinter the powder on the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 1991Date of Patent: September 22, 1992Assignee: General AtomicsInventors: Lawrence D. Woolf, Frederick H. Elsner, Clyde H. Shearer
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Patent number: 5140000Abstract: The present invention comprises novel oxide materials exhibiting bulk superconductivity up to and exceeding 85K and processes for their synthesis. The oxides are within the formula R.sub.a Ba.sub.b Cu.sub.c O.sub.d wherein 1.9<a<2.1, 3.9<b<4.1, 6.8<c<7.2, 14.4<d<15.2 and wherein R is Y or any of the lanthanide rare earth elements. Certain substitutions such as Ca and La on the R and Ba sites are included.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 1990Date of Patent: August 18, 1992Assignee: Her Majesty The Queen in right of New ZealandInventors: Jeffrey L. Tallon, Robert G. Buckley, Donald M. Pooke
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Patent number: 5098868Abstract: Vanadium-containing superconducting oxides are disclosed having critical temperature (T.sub.c) values of above about 100.degree. K. and preferably about 110.degree.-150.degree. K., together with predicted current density (J.sub.c) values on the order of 10.sup.4 -10.sup.5 amperes/cm.sup.2. The oxides hereof are moreover relatively ductile and easily bulk sintered to give end products having desirable superconductivity characteristics. Certain preferred oxides of the invention are defined by the general formula:(V.sub.1-x M.sub.x).sub.i (A.sub.1-y M.sub.y).sub.j Q.sub.k Cu.sub.m O.sub.r.+-.t I.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: University of KansasInventors: Kai W. Wong, Wai-Yim Ching, Peter C. W. Fung, Fui T. Chan, Zhengzhi Sheng
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Patent number: 4886776Abstract: Superconducting mirror surfaces are provided by forming a mirror surface from a material which is superconductive at a temperature above about 40.degree. K. and adjusting the temperature of the surface to that temperature at which the material is superconducting. The mirror surfaces are essentially perfect reflectors for electromagnetic radiation with photon energy less than the superconducting band gap.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1987Date of Patent: December 12, 1989Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: James T. Early, R. Steven Hargrove
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Patent number: RE35376Abstract: The present invention comprises novel oxide materials exhibiting bulk superconductivity up to and exceeding 85K and processes for their synthesis. The oxides are within the formula R.sub.a Ba.sub.b Cu.sub.c O.sub.d wherein 1.9<a<2.1, 3.9<b<4.1, 6.8<c<7.2, 14.4<d<15.2 and wherein R is Y or any of the lanthanide rare earth elements. Certain substitutions such as Ca and La on the R and Ba sites are included.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1994Date of Patent: November 5, 1996Assignee: Industrial Research LimitedInventors: Jeffrey L. Tallon, Robert G. Buckley, Donald M. Pooke