Abstract: The invention pertains to new composition and a method for increasing the solubility of various agricultural compounds in water at a low pH. The compounds included in this patent are typically not soluble at pH ranges less than 7 to produce commercially viable liquid concentrates. This method requires the use of amine-containing surfactants and organic acids to lower the pH of various compounds and also keep them soluble in water.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods suitable for ameliorating female sexual dysfunction, and in particular, female sexual arousal disorder. In one embodiment, the invention provides a semisolid composition suitable for topical application comprising: an effective amount of a vasoactive prostaglandin, a polysaccharide thickener, a lipophilic component, and an acidic buffer system.

Abstract: A solvent comprising a combination of water and organic solvent(s) capable of dissolving a therapeutically effective amount of medicament(s) not readily soluble in aqueous solvents, said organic solvents including alcohol and glycol, and said medicaments including hydrocortisone.

Abstract: Lung surfactant compositions are provided which can form a swelling phase when dispersed in a medium containing electrolytes. Hereby, a more active spreading of the lung surfactant into the alveoli can be obtained after administration to the lungs. Further provided are a pharmaceutical composition and a pharmaceutical kit comprising a lung surfactant composition as well as to a method for the treatment, prevention and/or diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome or other pulmonary diseases that are associated with a deficiency of a lung surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for application to the mucosa to be used in drug therapy comprising a water-insoluble and/or water-low soluble substance, ciclesonide, and an aqueous medium, and having an osmotic pressure of less than 290 mOsm. This composition is superior over conventional pharmaceutical compositions for application to the mucosa, due to efficient and high ciclesonide retentivity and permeability to the submucosa or the blood at the mucosa.

Abstract: The invention provides surfactant systems comprising alkyl polyglycosides, anionic surfactants and basic compounds. The invention also provides agricultural compositions comprising agriculturally active compounds, alkyl polyglycosides, anionic surfactants and basic compounds. The surfactant systems and agricultural compositions may further comprise nonionic surfactants.

Abstract: A phytosanitary treatment method by foliar absorption that uses a composition with at least a water soluble phytosanitary active principle and at least a modified oil, the composition having at least a phytosanitary active principle, at least a vegetable oil and/or an ethoxylated vegetable oil ester.

Abstract: The use of one or more cosurfactant (surfactant B) in a mixture with one or more surfactants different from surfactant B (surfactant A) for reducing the binding of surfactant A to the surface of the skin.

Abstract: A gel formulation is combined with a bactericidal concentrate which is a liquid mixture of about 1000 parts by volume of ultra pure water having an electrical resistance of 16-26 megohms, total dissolved solids of less than 0.04 parts per million and a specific conductance of less than 0.10 mho with about 1.2 to 3 parts by volume of Willard Water as prepared in accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 3,893,943. The bactericidal liquid concentrate in the amount of 3.5 to 12 ml in one liter of gel formulation is applied directly to a skin surface area having a burn or other dermal lesion to protect the area from bacterial contamination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an edible phytosterol or phytostanol composition useful in the food industry and to methods of preparing such an edible composition. The edible composition comprises a phytosterol or phytostanol, an isolated water soluble protein, and optionally an emulsifier, wherein the weight ratio of the protein to the phytosterol or phytostanol is from about 0.2:1 to about 10:1, and the weight ratio of the emulsifier to the phytosterol or phytostanol is from about 0.2:1 to about 5:1. The invention also relates to edible products containing such a composition and to methods for the production of the edible products.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective amounts of active substances through the nasal membrane into the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to surfactant systems for liquid aqueous or aqueous-organic formulations comprising a mixture of one or more basic cosurfactants and one or more surfactants from the group of the acidic phosphoric esters. The surfactant system makes possible the preparation of stable liquid formulations for active compounds, the formulations comprising (a) one or more water-soluble active compounds (type (a)) and (b) optionally one or more water-insoluble active compounds (type (b)), (c) optionally organic solvents, (d) the abovementioned surfactant system and water. The formulations are either single-phase aqueous or aqueous-organic formulations of type-(a) active compounds, for example glufosinate-ammonium or glyphosate(salts), or they are microemulsions of type-(a) and type-(b) active compounds, for example diphenyl ether herbicides.

Abstract: An emulsion of &agr;-tocopherol, stabilized by biocompatible surfactants, as a vehicle or carrier for therapeutic drugs, which is substantially ethanol free and which can be administered to animals or humans various routes is disclosed. Also included in the emulsion is PEGylated vitamin E. PEGylated &agr;-tocopherol includes polyethylene glycol subunits attached by a succinic acid diester at the ring hydroxyl of vitamin E and serves as a primary surfactant, stabilizer and a secondary solvent in emulsions of &agr;-tocopherol.

Abstract: A novel liquid pesticide composition comprising a pesticidally active ingredient and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether which has the following features (a) and (b): (a) an HLB value of 6 to 13.5; and (b) a content of 10 to 50 wt % based on the liquid pesticide composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to insect repellant compositions containing, based upon the total weight of the composition, from about 6 to about 30 percent by weight of insect repellant active material having functionality selected from ester, amide, urethane or combinations thereof; from about 5 to about 30 percent by weight of alcohol, and from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of nonionic surfactant. The compositions of the invention exhibit reduced rates of degradation of the active material in solution and are less drying and irritating to sensitive skin.

Abstract: An adjuvant composition for pesticide formulations which exhibits reduced eye irritancy is comprised of a polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine containing at least about 2 moles of an alkylene oxide group and an eye irritation reducing compound which simultaneously reduces the eye irritation caused by the polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine and which complexes with metal ions such as calcium and iron which may be present in an aqueous solution of the adjuvant and a pesticide or a plant growth regulator. The eye irritation reducing compound is a carboxylic acid that is capable of complexing with or forming chelates with metal ions in aqueous solution while simultaneously reducing the eye irritation caused by the polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine. The adjuvant also contains a mixture of polyhydric alcohols and, optionally, a defoamer. The adjuvant is particularly in N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) herbicidal formulations.

Abstract: A composition, process and method is disclosed of decreasing mammalian upper respiratory system airway resistance by administering an aerosolized mixture of lipid crystals comprised of a mixture of one or more lipids surfactants and one or more spreading agents selected from the group consisting of sterols, lipids, fatty acids, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, in powder form, and one or more propellants, in which the lipid surfactants and spreading agents are not soluble, through a mammalian external airway orifice. Upon administration, the propellant(s) are evaporated from the mixture and the lipid crystals are deposited upon the air/liquid interface resident upon the epithelial lining of the upper respiratory system forming an amorphous spread film thereupon substantially decreasing the resistance to air flow through said upper respiratory system.

Abstract: A method of vehicle modulated administration of an anticonvulsive agent to the nasal mucous membranes of humans and animals is disclosed. The vehicle system is an aqueous pharmaceutical carrier comprising an aliphatic alcohol, a glycol and a biological surfactant such as a bile salt or a lecithin. The pharmaceutical composition provides a means to control and promote the rate and extent of transmucosal permeation and absorption of the medicaments via a single and multiple administration. Nasal administration of the pharmaceutical preparation produces a high plasma concentration of the anticonvulsant nearly as fast as intravenous administration. Such compositions are particularly suitable for a prompt and timely medication of patients in the acute and/or emergency treatment of status epilepticus and other fever-induced seizures.

Abstract: A method for the controlled release of an active principle contained in a multiple water-in-oil-in-water emulsion characterized in that the multiple emulsion comprises an invert emulsion Ei with an aqueous phase A1 containing at least a hydrophilic active principle. The emulsion Ei is dispersed in the form of direct emulsion droplets Ed, in a continuous aqueous phase A2, with the two emulsions Ed and Ei stabilized by at least a surfactant, present in their respective continuous phases. The multiple emulsion is brought in the presence of an effective amount of an agent for transforming it into a direct emulsion and induce the release of the active principle, contained in the aqueous phase A1 of emulsion Ei, in the aqueous phase A2.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of increasing and enhancing mammalian eustachian tube lumen patency and pressure equalization performance by administering an aerosolized mixture of lipid crystals comprised of a mixture of one or more lipids surfactants and one or more spreading agents selected from the group consisting of cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, in powder form, and one or more fluorocarbon propellants through a mammalian nasal orifice. Upon administration, the propellant(s) are evaporated from the mixture and the lipid crystals are deposited at a subject mammalian eustachian tube whereupon said lipid crystals come into contact with lumen surfaces of the tube forming an amorphous spread film thereupon substantially decreasing the opening pressure of the lumen.

Abstract: A swallowable, solid dose form composition for treating upper gastrointestinal tract distress containing bismuth subsalicylate, carbonate or bicarbonate salt, disintegrating agent, anionic or nonionic surfactant, and microcrystalline cellulose is described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition including a lower alcohol and water in a weight ratio of about 35:65 to 100:0, between at least 0.5% and 8.0% by weight thickener system comprised of at least two emulsifiers, each emulsifier present in at least 0.05% by weight wherein the composition free of auxiliary thickeners has a viscosity of at least 4,000 centipoise at 23° C. and wherein each emulsifier is comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic group. The composition is useful as a presurgical scrub replacement, a lotion or other hand preparation.

Abstract: A therapeutic preparation for inhalation which comprises insulin and a substance which enhances the absorption of insulin in the lower respiratory tract, is provided in the form of a powder preparation suitable for inhalation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to emulsions which remain perfectly stable over time, prepared from an emulsifier comprising at least one polyglycoside, i.e. polypentoside with or without pohexoside, in which the aliphatic radical has 16 to 18 carbon atoms, and at least one fatty alcohol having 12 to 22 carbon atoms; a process for stabilizing the emulsions; and an emulsifying agent.

Abstract: An antibacterial liquid dish cleaning composition with desirable cleansing and de-staining properties comprising a C8-18 ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate, two anionic surfactant, a betaine surfactant, a hydroxy containing organic acid, polyethylene glycol, hydrogen peroxide and water.

Abstract: A non-toxic aqueous pesticide and method are provided for controlling insects and parasites on plants. The pesticide contains at least one surfactant and at least on high terpene containing natural oil to effectively control insects and parasites, such as darkling beetles, lice, ticks, mites, flies, aphids, mosquitoes and chiggers. Further, the pesticide has a pH of about 7.7: to about 9.0. Also the pesticide is diluted with water at a dilution rate of from about 1:10 to about 1:600 by weight of the pesticide for application to a plant to control the insects and parasites.

Abstract: An antibacterial liquid dish cleaning composition with desirable cleansing properties comprising a C8-18 ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate, two anionic surfactant, a betaine surfactant, a hydroxy containing organic acid, an organic thickener, polyethylene glycol and water.

Abstract: Anhydrous, liquid antimicrobial compositions comprising quaternaries 1-(benzyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride, 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride and the cis- and cis/trans-isomers thereof, 1-(&agr;-(2-xylyl))-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride and methyl 1-(3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride) acetate in admixture with an anhydrous carrier liquid and a thixotropic material are substantially stable to color changes, physical changes and/or chemical changes while under conventional storage conditions for extended time periods.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid, particulate lipid-based excipients which are loaded with cyclosporine. Said excipients have improved biopharmaceutical properties for cyclosporines in vivo, are of a better quality (in terms of fineness, homogeneity of the particles, inclusion of the medicament) and are more physically stable in the particulate formulation (no aggregation or gel formation). The invention also relates to a therapeutic treatment with cyclosporine formulations which produce an average blood level concentration in the steady state range of 300 ng/ml to over 1000 ng/ml, preferably over 800 ng/ml, especially up to 900 ng/ml, preferably 400 ng/ml to 800 ng/ml in the absence of high initial blood level concentrations essentially over 1500 ng/ml, especially over 1200 ng/ml. This blood level concentration is preferably maintained for an extended period of at least 5 hours, preferably at least 7 hours.

Abstract: An absorbent article, particularly a tampon having additives that reduce toxic shock syndrome toxin (TST-1) production is disclosed. The tampon has a combination of an effective amount of at least one oxygen inhibiting agent and an effective amount of at least one surface active agent applied to: the surface of the absorbent tampon material; the surfaces of the fibers comprising the tampon; to the tampon applicator; or any combination of the foregoing. The effective amounts of the oxygen inhibiting agent and the surface active agent are sufficient to reduce the toxin production at lease about 50%, but do not negatively affect the wearer's normal vaginal flora.

Abstract: A synergistic insecticide is provided by the addition of sodium lauryl sulfate or lecithin to an essential oil, preferably an essential oil which has been deregulated by the Environmental Protection Agency, to enable independently inactive or relatively inactive materials to provide commercially acceptable insecticidal properties without the need for undesirable poisons that may be toxic to humans and pets.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanoemulsion, that includes: an oily phase dispersed in an aqueous phase; and at least one glycerol fatty ester surfactant which is solid at a temperature of less than or equal to 45° C.; wherein the oily phase includes oil globules having a number-average size of less than 100 nm; wherein the oily phase includes at least one oil having a molecular weight of greater than 400; and wherein a weight ratio of the oily phase to the surfactant ranges from 2 to 10. The invention also provides a process for making the nanoemulsion and methods for its use. Ideally, the emulsion is transparent and stable on storage. It can ideally contain large amounts of oil while retaining good transparency and good cosmetic properties. The nanoemulsion is particularly useful in the cosmetics and dermatological fields, in particular for moisturizing the skin and/or mucous membranes, as well as for treating the hair, and, in the ophthalmological field, as an eye lotion for treating the eyes.

Abstract: An aqueous pharmaceutical composition which is capable of being sprayed into the nasal cavity of an individual and which comprises: (A) a pharmaceutically effective amount of solid particles of medicament which is effective in treating a bodily condition by virtue of its being present on the mucosal surfaces of the nasal cavity; and (B) a suspending agent in an amount effective to maintain said particles dispersed uniformly in the composition and to impart to the composition the following thixotropic properties: (i) the viscosity of the position in unsheared form is relatively high, with the composition being in gel-like form; (ii) as the composition is subjected to shear (shaken) in preparation for spraying, the viscosity of the composition becomes relatively low and such that the composition in the form of a mist flows readily into the nasal passages for deposit on the mucosal surfaces of the nasal cavity; and (D) in deposited form on the mucosal surfaces, the viscosity of the composition is relatively high

Abstract: This invention relates to disinfectant concentrates having improved biocidal activity containing an aldehyde, such as glutaraldehyde, a glycol and a lithium based buffer.

Abstract: A two-part disinfecting systems, as well as disinfecting compositions and methods for making and using the same. The two-part disinfecting system contains a first part and a second part adapted to be mixed to yield an aqueous disinfecting composition, wherein the first part comprises a chlorite and the second part comprises an acid and an optional oxidizable colorant, and wherein the first part, the second part, or both the first and second parts comprise an alpha olefin sulfonate.

Abstract: Solid sanitizing compositions have advantages over corresponding liquids and powders. A solid sanitizing product can be contained within a plastic bottle with a label indicating that the contents have antimicrobial or deodorizing properties containing a non-flowable solid composition having greater than about 0.02 percent by weight antimicrobial compounds. The preferred solid sanitizing compositions consist essentially of an antimicrobial compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, fatty amines and diamines, chlorhexidine gluconate, phenol, derivatives of phenol, parachloro metaxylenol and mixtures thereof, and between 0 and 99.98 percent by weight of a cleaning composition. The solid sanitizing compositions can be effectively used with solid dispensers. The solid dispensers have a bowl with a drain at the bottom and an upward pointing spray nozzle.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treating clothing, pillows, bedding, furniture, rugs or carpets for dust mites. Non-toxic aqueous compositions contain one or more surfactants high terpene oils and a monohydric alcohol. Various percentage weight amounts such as 17 to 27 percent of surfactants, 8 to 16 percent of high terpene oils, 4 to 8 percent monohydric and water are comprised by a composition for treating and controlling dust mites on clothing, pillows, bedding, furniture, rugs or carpets. A method for controlling and treating dust mites includes applying an effective amount of a non-toxic aqueous composition, scrubbing the composition into the clothing, pillows, bedding, furniture, rugs or carpets and rinsing the composition and dust mites therefrom.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed wherein exogenous chemicals are applied to plants to generate a desired biological response. One embodiment of the present invention is a plant treatment composition that comprises (a) an exogenous chemical; (b) a first excipient substance which is a compound or mixture of compounds having the formula R14—CO—A—R15 wherein R14 is a hydrocarbyl group having about 5 to about 21 carbon atoms, R15 is a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to about 14 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R14 and R15 is about 11 to about 27, and A is O or NH; and (c) a second excipient substance which is an amphiphilic substance having a critical packing parameter greater than ⅓.

Abstract: The use of one or more cosurfactants (surfactant B) in a mixture with one or more surfactants different from surfactant B (surfactant A) for reducing the binding of surfactant A to the surface of the skin.

Abstract: A delayed release pharmaceutical dosage form for oral administration of a hydrophilic drug, e.g., a polysaccharide drug such as low molecular weight heparin, are provided. The dosage form comprises a composition of: (a) a therapeutically effective amount of low molecular weight heparin; (b) a bile salt or bile acid; (c) at least one surfactant selected from hydrophilic surfactants, lipophilic surfactants, and mixtures thereof; and a means for delaying release of the composition from the dosage form following oral administration. Osmotic drug delivery systems for oral administration of a hydrophilic drug are also provided, wherein an osmotically activated device houses the drug, a bile salt or bile acid, and at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic surfactants, lipophilic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Methods for administering hydrophilic drugs, particularly polysaccharide drugs such as low molecular weight heparin, are also provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a porous matrix-type drug delivery system is provided. It comprises the steps of: dispersing, stirring, and emulsifying an aqueous solution of a drug in an organic solvent having a polymer compound and a surface active agent solved therein; thereafter forming it into a desirable matrix shape; lyophilizing or drying it at a low temperature or room temperature until the matrix surface is hardened; and drying it again in order to remove the water and the organic solvent.

Abstract: An adjuvant composition, comprising a metabolizable oil and an emulsifying agent, wherein the oil and the detergent are present in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion having oil droplets substantially all of which are less than 1 micron in diameter. In preferred embodiments, the emulsifying agent is also an immunostimulating agent, such as a lipophilic muramyl peptide. Alternatively, an immunostimulating agent separate from the emulsifying agent can be used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to triglyceride-free pharmaceutical compositions for delivery of hydrophobic therapeutic agents. Compositions of the present invention include a hydrophobic therapeutic agent and a carrier, where the carrier is formed from a combination of a hydrophilic surfactant and a hydrophobic surfactant. Upon dilution with an aqueous solvent, the composition forms a clear, aqueous dispersion of the surfactants containing the therapeutic agent. The invention also provides methods of treatment with hydrophobic therapeutic agents using these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rinse-off antimicrobial cleansing composition comprising from about 0.1% to about 5.0%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of an antimicrobial active; from about 9% to about 14%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of an anionic surfactant, wherein at least about 67% of the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of Class A surfactants, Class C surfactants, and mixtures thereof, wherein the ratio of Class A surfactant to Class C is from about 4:1 to about 1.5:1, and wherein the total anionic surfactant comprises less than about 50% of the ammonium counter cation salt; from about 4% to about 8%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of a proton donating agent having a Biological Activity Index, Z, of greater than about 0.

Abstract: Composition in the form of an aqueous solution, useful for disinfecting hard surfaces comprises: a) from 0.0005% to 20% by weight of peracetic acid, b) from 0.001% to 45% by weight of acetic acid, c) from 0.001% to 35% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, d) from 0.0001% to 2% by weight of at least one compound of formula (I) (R1)(R2)(R3)N→O  (I) e) if desired, up to 2.5% by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant, and wherein f) the weight ratio between the compound of formula (I) and the peracetic acid is less than or equal to 1, and in that g) the weight ratio between the nonionic surfactant and the peracetic acid is less than or equal to 0.2.

Abstract: Fatty acid/amino acid soaps are used to enhance antimicrobial effectiveness in topically administrable pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one active ingredient, a cationic preservative and an anionic polyelectrolyte, such as a carboxyvinyl polymer, xanthan gum, polystyrene sulfonic acid polymer or cationic exchange resin.

Abstract: An antibacterial liquid dish cleaning composition with desirable cleansing properties comprising a C8-18 ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate, two anionic surfactant, a betaine surfactant, a hydroxy containing organic acid, polyethylene glycol and water.

Abstract: A mixed micellar aerosol pharmaceutical formulation includes a micellar proteinic pharmaceutical agent, an alkali metal lauryl sulphate, at least three micelle forming compounds, a phenol and a propellant. The micelle forming compounds are selected from the group consisting of lecithin, hyaluronic acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of hyaluronic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, chamomile extract, cucumber extract, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, monoolein, monooleates, monolaurates, borage oil, evening of primrose oil, menthol, trihydroxy oxo cholanyl glycine and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, glycerin, polyglycerin, lysine, polylysine, triolein, polyoxyethylene ethers and analogues thereof, polidocanol alkyl ethers and analogues thereof. The amount of each micelle forming compound is present in a concentration of from 1 to 20 wt./wt. % of the total formulation, and the total concentration of micelle forming compounds are less than 50 wt./wt. % of the formulation.

Abstract: Compositions useful as adjuvants for agricultural chemical formulations are comprised of a lower alkanol ester of a fatty acid and an emulsifier package. The emulsifier package is comprised of a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated castor oil, an alkoxylated castor oil, an ethylene-propylene block copolymer, an ethoxylated-propoxylated alkyl phenol, an ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester and an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated partial phosphate ester, alkyl sulfate, an alkyl ether sulfate, a branched alkyl benzene sulfonate, a linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and an alpha olefin sulfonate. The adjuvants exhibit particularly good electrolyte tolerance and are stable to hard water when used in combination with fertilizers.

Abstract: An adjuvant composition for pesticide formulations which exhibits reduced eye irritancy is comprised of a polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine containing at least about 2 moles of an alkylene oxide group and an eye irritation reducing compound which simultaneously reduces the eye irritation caused by the polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine and which complexes with metal ions such as calcium and iron which may be present in an aqueous solution of the adjuvant and a pesticide or a plant growth regulator. The eye irritation reducing compound is a carboxylic add that is capable of complexing with or forming chelates with metal ions in aqueous solution while simultaneously reducing the eye irritation caused by the polyoxyalkylene aliphatic amine. The adjuvant also contains a mixture of polyhydric alcohols and, optionally, a defoamer. The adjuvant is particularly in N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) herbicidal formulations.