Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed for polyurethane production by reaction between aliphatic hydroxyl-containing compounds and secondary or tertiary aliphatic isocyanate group-containing compounds, comprising (i) 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)-undecene-7, or a salt thereof; (ii) an organic tin compound and, optionally, (iii) an organic lead compound.

Abstract: In a process of the preparation of flexible polyester urethane foams by reacting polyester polyols having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule with at least difunctional polyisocyanates in the presence of water, optionally of physical blowing agents, catalysts, stabilizers and optionally of other conventional additives, the following two components are added for catalysis in the form of a mixture to the reaction formulation in the amounts given (which are based on the polyester polyol):(a) 0.2 to 1.5 weight percent of N,N'-dimethylpiperazine,(b) 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent of a polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymer of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a polyoxyalkylene radical of the general formula--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O).sub.n R.sup.2in whichR.sup.2 is an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms;m=2 or 3, the average value of m being 2 to 2.5:n=a whole number corresponding to a molecular weight for the R.sup.

Abstract: Methods of producing high molecular weight polyamide-imide foams having superior flame resistance and the foam products produced thereby. Initially, an imidocarboxylic acid is prepared by reacting a suitable oxoimine with a suitable cyclic dianhydride at a temperature of from about 25.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a solvent or by melt condensation without a solvent. The ratio of oxoimine to dianhydride may be varied to vary the number of imido groups in the final monomer. The imidocarboxylic acid monomer is reacted with an organic isocyanate in the presence of a suitable tertiary diamine catalyst and water to produce the polyamide-imide foam. The material foams spontaneously at room temperature. The reaction may be accelerated by heat or the addition of suitable metal salts. Additives, such as surfactants, flame retardants, fillers, etc., may be added if desired.

Abstract: Rigid, closed-cell, flame-resistant polyurethane foams are produced by reacting a polyol mixture with a polyphenyl-polymethylene-polyisocyanate in the present of a catalyst system. The polyol mixture includes: (1) from 25 to 43 wt % flame proofing agent, (2) from 5 to 50 wt % sucrose polyether having an OH number of from 350 to 550, (3) from 0 to 30 wt % amine initiated polyethers having an OH number of from 400 to 800, (4) from 0 to 30 wt % other polyether or polyester having an OH number of from 150 to 600, (5) from 4 to 13 wt % glycerol, (6) from 0.5 to 3 wt % silicone stabilizer and (7) from 0.05 to 1.5 wt % water. The catalyst system is made up of at least two components selected from tertiary amines, alkali metal carboxylates, quaternary ammonium carboxylates and organic tin compounds. The reactants are employed in quantities such that the NCO to OH equivalent ratio is from 1.07 to 1.45 (the isocyanate-index is from 1.07 to 1.45).

Abstract: Polyurethane modified polyurea foams having a finer cell structure and an increased volume of finished product are prepared by reacting crude organic di- or polyisocyanates with a mixture of polyether polyols and an alkylene or dialkyl carbonate in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst, a silicone surfactant and a blowing agent selected from water, which reacts with the di- or polyisocyanate to generate CO.sub.2, fluorocarbons having a boiling point below 60.degree. C. and mixed with water and methylene chloride mixed with water.

Abstract: The invention relates to stabilizer-containing reactive components for the production of polyurethane foams having little or no tendency towards core discoloration which are characterized by a stabilizing addition of monomeric and/or oligomeric derivatives of the diphenylamine series, including the phenothiazine series. The invention also relates to new stabilizers of the diphenylamine and/or phenothiazine series and to a process for their production, characterized in that aromatic amines of the diphenylamine and/or phenothiazine series ae reacted with bifunctional halogen derivatives, diols, bis-ethers or bis-esters or with bis-olefins formed therefrom at elevated temperatures in the presence of strong acids and the amines are optionally further alkylated.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene foam stabilizing surfactants can be prepared by reacting a polyoxyalkylene adduct, a cyclic nitrogenous vinyl monomer and an esterified unsaturated dibasic acid under free radical polymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical initiator, and by subjecting the reaction product obtained to a solvent extraction. The isolated components can be utilized as surfactants in producing cellular foams.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic polyester polyol or polyether polyol in the presence of a catalytic amount of specific amine compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group selected from a C.sub.4 or a C.sub.5 straight or branched chain hydrocarbon, X is an organic mono or dicarboxylic acid and n is an integer from 0 to 1.

Abstract: Copolyester polyol resins comprising the reaction product of an aromatic component selected from phthalic derivatives, polyethylene terephthalate, or dimethyl terephthalate, an aliphatic component selected from certain dibasic compounds, at least one primary hydroxyl glycol, and at least small amounts of a secondary hydroxyl glycol, the mole ratios of the components being:(a) glycols to aromatic plus aliphatic component of from about 1.3 to 2:1;(b) aromatic component to aliphatic component of from about 0.6 to 4.0:1;(c) a secondary to primary hydroxyl glycol of from 0.05 to 0.4:1; and(d) ethylene glycol content to aromatic component of from about 0.01 to 0.5:1.0.The invention also comprises polyol blends utilizing from 30 percent up to 90 percent of such resins and resultant polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate foams made by reacting such polyol blends with polymeric polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate.

Abstract: Trimerized isocyanates having improved solubility in polyisocyanates are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate with a low equivalent weight polyol to form a first prepolymer, forming a cotrimer from said first prepolymer by reaction of same with diphenylmethane diisocyanate or polymeric derivatives thereof, and forming a second isocyanate terminated prepolymer by reacting said cotrimer with a second low equivalent weight polyol. The resulting cotrimer can be diluted in a polyisocyanate and used to prepare polymers, particularly polyurethane foams, having excellent properties.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of a flexible polyurethane foam comprising reacting(a) an organic polyisocyanate, and(b) a coupled polyol which consists essentially of the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate and an organic compound having a hydroxy functionality of at least 2 and a primary hydroxy group content of at least 30%, the ratio of hydroxyl groups in said organic compound to isocyanate groups being greater than 1,(c) in the presence of(i) a blowing agent,(ii) a catalyst, and(iii) a foam stabilizer, said foam stabilizer being capable of producing a flexible polyurethane foam meeting the standard specifications for high resilience polyurethane foam as set forth in ASTM D-3770-79, when used in a foam formulation based on toluene diisocyanate and either (A) a polymer polyol prepared by polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in a polyether polyol, or (B) a dispersion of polyurea and/or polyhydrazodicarbonamide in a hydroxyl group containing

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polyol blend comprising:(a) from about 30 to about 90 percent by weight of a polyester diol having an OH number of from about 50 to about 500 and having the structure: ##STR1## wherein each R may be the same or different and represents a radical of the formula: ##STR2## where R" represents H or CH.sub.3 with the proviso that both R"s cannot be CH.sub.

Abstract: Incorporation of from about 0.01% to about 5% of an N-alkanoyl-N,N'-dialkyl-phenylenediamine compound (e.g. N-heptanoyl-N,N'-di-sec-butyl-para-phenylenediamine) in a flame retarded polyurethane foam formulation stabilizes the formulation against scorching as the foam is formed therefrom and also improves the indentation load deflection of the foam.

Abstract: Polyurethane resins having high rigidity and improved physical properties such as mechanical strengths and heat resistance are obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polymer polyol derived from an epoxy-containing monomer, for example, glycidyl esters of unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids, and a polyol, and bringing about ring-opening reaction of epoxy radicals in the presence of an epoxy curing agent, simultaneously with, or before or after the urethane-forming reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compositions capable of catalytically trimerizing organic isocyanates said compositions comprising solutions of the reaction products obtained by reacting in an inert solvent in substantially equimolar proportions electron-rich ketene-aminals with electron-poor olefins having the respective formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## The variously substituted electron-rich ketene-aminals (I), as the name implies, have high electron density associated with the double bond because of the two tertiary amine groups while the electron-poor olefins (II) have the opposite situation due to the presence of electron withdrawing substituents R.sub.9 and R.sub.10.Also disclosed is an improved process for trimerizing organic isocyanates using the above catalyst compositions including the preparation of polyisocyanurate polymers and isocyanurate-modified polyisocyanates.

Abstract: A polyester polyurethane foam formulation useful in medical pads to support bedridden patients is described. The foam is formed by reaction of a polyester polyol, isocyanate and blowing agent combination of water and halogenated hydrocarbon auxiliary blowing agent. A halogenated flame retardant, e.g., an organophosphorus compound, is present. A liquid char forming and dripping ember retardant additive is also present.

Abstract: Graft copolymers are prepared by the copolymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or a mixture of such monomers, with a polyurethane oligomer in a polyol. The polyurethane oligomer is the reaction product of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with an isocyanate reactive group-containing unsaturated monomer. The graft copolymers are useful in polyurethane formulations.

Abstract: A high-modulus, solid urethane spray coating is prepared by spraying onto a substrate equal volumes of an A-side and a B-side mixture together, the A side comprising 100 parts of a prepolymer prepared by reacting a polyether triol with a low-functionality MDI, and the B side comprising from about 5 to 40 parts of a butane diol and 60 to 95 parts of a polyether triol, and a catalyst system which comprises a tetravalent tin catalyst in combination with an acid-blocked amine catalyst.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing polyurethane foam by a reaction of organic polyisocyanates and polyols in the presence of a foaming agent and catalysts comprises using as the catalyst, a salt of carbonic acid and polyamine represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are combined to form a heterocyclic ring having 3-6 carbon atoms together with a nitrogen atom; and R.sub.3 is an alkylene group.

Abstract: Polyurethane prepolymers containing terminal isocyanate groups in which oleochemical polyols are present as the polyol component. The oleochemical polyols are ring opened products or partial ring-opened products of epoxidized fatty acid triglycerides with alcohols. The use of oleochemical polyols having a residual epoxide number of from 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of epoxide oxygen is preferred. The polyurethane prepolymers are particularly suitable for use in one-component or two-component polyurethane foam formulations.

Abstract: A process of coloring polyurethane resins during the production of same with reactive colorants having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 are selected from halogen, carboxylic acid, alkanoyl, aryloyl, alkyl, aryl, cyano, sulfonylalkyl, sulfonylaryl, thioalkyl, thioaryl, sulfinylalkyl, sulfinylaryl, dithioalkyl, dithioaryl, thiocyano, amidoalkyl, amidodialkyl, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, hydrogen, sulfonamidoalkyl, sulfonamidoaryl, sulfonamidodialkyl, sulfonamidodiaryl, carbocyclic forming polymethylene chains, sulfenamidoalkyl, sulfenamidodialkyl, sulfenamidoaryl, sulfenamidodiaryl, sulfinamidoalkyl, sulfinamidodialkyl, sulfinamidoaryl, sulfinamidodiaryl; and A is an organic dyestuff coupler that is resistant to stannous octanoate and flame retardant compounds and which has functionality through reactive substituents thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst and process are provided for producing polyurethanes by contacting an organic polyol and an organic isocyanate with a catalyst comprising an N-substituted alkoxyalkyl piperazine and preferably additionally comprising an N-alkoxyalkyl morpholine wherein the alkylene moieties of the morpholine and piperazine are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to about C.sub.5 alkylene moieties, and wherein the alkoxy moieties are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to about C.sub.3 alkoxy moieties.

Abstract: Electroconductive foams are prepared by dehydrohalogenating a foam containing a halogen-containing polymer.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene foam stabilizing surfactants can be prepared by reacting a polyoxyalkylene adduct, a cyclic nitrogenous vinyl monomer and an esterified unsaturated dibasic acid under free radical polymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical initiator, and by subjecting the reaction product obtained to a solvent extraction. The isolated components can be utilized as surfactants in producing cellular foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea molded parts by reacting organic polyisocyanates, polyols and chain extenders in the presence of monocyclic amidines having the formula ##STR1## as catalyst or catalyst mixtures of monocyclic amidines having the formula (I) and (a) tertiary amines, (b) metal salts having the formula Me X.sub.n Y.sub.m (II), and/or (c) optionally-substituted aliphatic carboxylic acids. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, Me, X, Y, n, and m are defined herein.

Abstract: A normally liquid, flame retardant polyol ester prepared by a process comprising reacting a halogen containing anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid or a mixture of said anhydrides with an aliphatic polyol having at least three hydroxy groups and an aliphatic diol, to obtain a substantially fully esterified halogen containing product in which the acid number does not exceed 10, with the optional removal of unreacted diol during the course of the reacting or subsequent to the reacting. This flame retardant polyol ester may be used in the preparation of polyurethanes or polyesters.

Abstract: A normally liquid flame retardant polyol ester prepared by a process comprising reacting a halogen containing anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid or a mixture of said anhydrides with about 2-10 moles of an aliphatic diol or mixture of diols per mole of said anhydride to obtain a substantially fully esterified halogen containing product in which the acid number does not exceed 10 with the optional removal of unreacted diol during the course of the reacting or subsequent to the reacting.

Abstract: A process for the production of an expandable silicone resin includes reacting a substantial amount of the silanol (SiOH) groups present in the resin to form siloxane bonds and water, and heating the resin to a temperature above the resin's melting point, at which chemical reaction (condensation) of the silanol groups occur. The reaction increases the molecular weight of the resin and decreases the amount of water that must be removed during a subsequent foaming step, thereby controlling the rate and extent of foaming which can occur. The resin is solidified, pulverized and size-reduced to a powder form. The resin powder is blended with a minor amount of a particulate inert filler which is coated with a silicone resin curing catalyst and also with a minor amount of blowing agent (powder). The dry powder blend is then thermally fused for a closely-controlled, short duration, time at a temperature near the lower end of the blowing agent's gas-generating temperature range.

Abstract: The alkylene oxide adduct of bis(aminoethyl)ether may be reacted with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation-dehydration catalyst to produce compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R" is methyl or ##STR2## where R is as above. Monocarboxylic acid salts of these compounds show unexpectedly high efficiency as polyurethane catalysts. Smaller amounts of this amine are required to produce foams having the same reaction profile as foams made with prior art amine salt catalysts.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: A method for making polyurethanes in a mold that is cooler than usual; i.e., at a temperature less than 120.degree. F., is described. Normally, polyurethanes made in relatively "cold" molds contain numerous surface voids. However, N-alkylmorpholines have been discovered to be effective "cold sink" catalyst additives which permit void-free polyurethane formation even in cooler than average molds. The additive should comprise from about 10 to about 30 wt. % of the entire catalyst portion of the polyurethane formulation.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams with excellent physical properties are obtained by using a catalyst composition of a tertiary amine and 2-ethylhexanoic acid.

Abstract: An improved game ball is manufactured from a polyurethane foam prepared from a hydroxyl-containing diene polymer, a catalyst system comprised of a tin compound and a tertiary amine and a surfactant system comprised of a non-hydrolyzable silicone-polyether copolymer and a polydialkylsiloxane.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the discovery that the substitution of isocyanate coupled polyols for polyols conventionally used in the art leads to flexible polyurethane foams having significantly enhanced load bearing properties. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a process for the production of a flexible polyurethane foam having improved load bearing characteristics and to the foams so produced. The present process broadly comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a coupled polyol in the presence of a blowing agent, a catalyst and a foam stabilizer. The coupled polyol consists essentially of the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate and an organic compound having a hydroxy functionality ("functionality" as used herein is intended to mean the average number of reaction groups per molecule) of greater than 2, wherein the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanate groups is greater than 1.0.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam produced by the reaction of a polyisocyanate and a polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst, a cell regulating agent and water as a blowing agent, the polyether polyol of which consists of a halogenated polyether polyol (I) of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein x is a number of 0 to 7; y is a number of 2 to 3; A is a saturated or unsaturated, brominated polyol residue having a number of functional groups of y; R is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and (II) a polyether polyol having a number of functional groups of 2 to 8, a weight ratio of the added amounts of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide within the range of about 75 to 95/25 to 5 and a hydroxyl number of about 20 to 100 mgKOH/g, whereby a weight ratio of (I) to (II) is about 95 to 25/5 to 75 and the amount of water is about 5 to 20 parts by weight against 100 parts by weight of the polyol component.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic polyester polyol or polyether polyol in the presence of a catalytic amount of specific amine compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a methyl or ethyl and R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl such that when R.sup.1 is methyl, R.sup.2 is methyl and when R.sup.1 is ethyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, X is an organic mono or dicarboxylic acid and n is an integer from 0 to 1.

Abstract: Stable water glass solutions are obtained(A) by mixing a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide with a tertiary amine and subsequently oxyalkylating the resultant two-phase reaction mixture with at least one alkylene oxide in such an amount that a uniform solution forms or(B) by oxyalkylating a tertiary amine with at least one alkylene oxide and mixing the resultant reaction mixture with a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide.The stable water glass solutions are suitable for the preparation of organo silicate foams.For the preparation of the organo silicate foams, a mixture of the stable water glass solutions and tertiary amino group-containing polyether polyols is reacted with organic polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts, blowing agents and optionally auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: Mixtures of aromatic polyols containing ester functionalities suitable for use in rigid foams prepared by reacting a dimethyl terephthalate waste stream containing methyl p-formylbenzoate over a metal alkoxide catalyst and subsequently transesterifying the product with a polyalkylene glycol in the presence of heat are described. These novel polyols may be blended with conventional polyols to yield excellent rigid foams, thus serving as useful polyol extenders. These low hydroxyl number extender polyols unexpectedly have a low relative viscosity.

Abstract: Integral skin polymethane foams can be produced in a short time by impingement mixing a solution comprising polyols containing as an essential component a polyol derived from aromatic amine, a blowing agent and a special catalyst of tertiary amine salt having a hetero ring in the molecule, with a solution comprising one or more polyisocyanates, followed by injection into a closed mold and foaming and curing therein.

Abstract: Novel polymers of excellent heat- and flame-resistance are obtained by reacting together an aqueous solution of an aminoplast precondensate such as a urea-formaldehyde syrup, an organic polyisocyanate comprising di(isocyanatophenyl)methane or a mixture of di(isocyanatophenyl)methane with poly(isocyanatophenyl)polymethylenes, and an isocyanate-reactive organic polyol in the presence of a tertiary amine as catalyst and a poly(haloalkyl)phosphate, especially tris-(2-chloroethyl)phosphate.Under normal circumstances, foamed materials are obtained, but non-foamed materials can be obtained by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a CO.sub.2 absorbent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a synergistic catalytic combination of 1,2-dimethylimidazole with tris(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine and a salt of 1,8-diazabicyclo(5,4,0)undecene-7. The combination catalyst is useful in polyurethane systems such as elastomers, microcellular, rigid, semirigid, and flexible foams, such as integral skin semiflexible foams used in the manufacture of steering wheels.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: A process and a foam produced therefrom are disclosed in which multi-functional isocyanate, water, a catalytic amount of a urea polymerization catalyst, and a catalytic amount of an isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are reacted to form a rigid, closed cell, urea-modified polyisocyanurate foam suitable for use for retrofitting wall cavities with insulating material. The urea polymerization catalyst and the isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are present in the reaction mixture in relationship to the multi-functional isocyanate and water in amounts so as to produce a foam setting after substantially complete rising thereof. Activator compositions for preparing such foams are also disclosed.

Abstract: Liquid carbodiimide-modified organic polyisocyanates are prepared by reacting a crude polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate containing no more than 70 weight percent diphenylmethane diisocyanate with an isomer mixture of 40 to 100 weight percent 4,4'-, 0 to 50 weight percent 2,4- and 0 to 10 weight percent 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and having an average functionality of 2.1 to 2.7 and a free NCO content of at least 30 percent weight percent in the presence of an effective amount of carbodimidization catalyst. Polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams prepared by reacting the modified polyisocyanates and polyols selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol and ethylene oxide adducts of trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerine, pentaerythritol, .alpha.-methylglucoside, sucrose, toluene diamine and methylene dianiline in the presence of trimerization catalysts exhibit improved compression strengths and K-factors with low friability and smoke density.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane urea products from isocyanate product blends and preferably less reactive, aromatic diamines, or solutions of aromatic diamines in relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds, the reaction components being reacted in a casting process with commercially-reasonable casting times and comparatively short demolding times. For this purpose, relatively high-molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds, optionally in the presence of low molecular weight diols are reacted with excess quantities of toluene, phenylene or hexamethylene diisocyanate to produce a substantially diisocyanate-free NCO-prepolymer. This NCO-prepolymer is mixed with from 0.1 to 25%, by weight, of less reactive, monomeric tetra-alkyl-diphenylmethane diisocyanates corresponding to the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, which may be the same or different, represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radicals.

Abstract: A polyester-melamine-isocyanurate thermosetting foam composition having improved flame, smoke and nonburning properties with good compressive strength, which foam composition is prepared by the admixture of a saturated polyester resin, a flame-retardant amount of melamine, a methylene diisocyanate, in the presence of a silicone-glycol surfactant, a fluorocarbon blowing agent and a trimerization catalyst to provide a closed-cell thermosetting foam.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams with excellent physical properties can be obtained by using a partial salt between N,N-dimethylaminopropane-1,3-diamine (DMAPA) and a branched octanoic acid.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams with excellent physical properties can be obtained by using a partial salt between N,N-dimethylaminopropane-1,3-diamine (DMAPA) and phenol.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams with excellent physical properties can be obtained by using a partial salt between N,N-dimethylaminopropane-1,3-diamine (DMAPA) and a branched octanoic acid.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid or carboxylate is reacted with an isocyanate to produce gas which is used to give a blowing action in the manufacture of a foam plastics material, especially foam polyurethane.Preferably formic acid or a formate is used.