Abstract: A process for the CFC-free production of cellular polyurethane molded parts/articles with solid surfaces by reacting a reaction mixture of per se known starting materials in sealed molds, to yield polyurethane foams. Carbamates obtainable from aliphatic aminoalcohols and carbon dioxide are used as blowing agents, optionally in conjunction with other blowing agents. The process is suitable for producing foam coverings on steering wheels, spoilers and protective upholstery in car interiors, and for producing soles of shoes or shoe components.

Abstract: A tertiary aminoalcohol having a tert-amino group(s) in the main chain and hydroxyl groups at the terminals. The use of this compound for purposes different from that of ordinary amines and amine derivatives is expected.A process for producing the tertiary aminoalcohol wherein a catalyst comprising copper, a transition metal element of the fourth period and a platinum group element of the group VIII, and further optionally containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is used.A process for producing polyurethane using the above-mentioned tertiary aminoalcohol which can solve the problems occurring in the production of a polyurethane using a tertiary amine which has a strong irritating odor and is highly irritant to the skin as a catalyst, for example, deteriorations of working atmosphere and sales appeal of the polyurethane.

Abstract: A method for the mixing of a polyol with a low-boiling foaming agent for the manufacture of a rigid foamed polyurethane. The polyol is blended in advance with a specific amount of the low-boiling foaming agent such as chlorodifluoromethane (designated by HCFC-22) or the like in a liquid state. In this case, it is possible to uniformly supply the polyol and the specific amount of HCFC-22 to a polyurethane foaming system, resulting in a homogeneous foaming reaction whereby a rigid foamed polyurethane having excellent cell uniformity without any voids may be obtained.

Abstract: Spray polyurea elastomers are disclosed made from an (A) component and a (B) component, where the (A) component has a quasi-prepolymer made from an isocyanate and an active hydrogen-containing material, such as a polyoxyalkylenepolyamine. The (B) component includes an amine resin, such as an amine-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol which may be the same or different from the polyoxyalkylene polyamine of the quasi-prepolymer. The viscosity of the (A) component is reduced by the inclusion of an organic, alkylene carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and the like. The alkylene carbonate also serves as a compatibilizer between between the two components, thus giving an improved mix of the system.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a foamed product in which a reactive phenolic resin is mixed with urea and an isocyanate, and this mixture is then mixed with an acid catalyst. The phenolic resin polymerizes, thereby liberating water and formaldehyde. The water reacts with the isocyanate to liberate carbon dioxide and the formaldehyde reacts with the urea. As the phenolic resin polymerizes, it traps the carbon dioxide in bubbles, thereby forming a foamed product.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams are produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an amine-based polyether polyol in the presence of a catalyst, a hydrogen-containing fluorocarbon and a minor amount of water. These foams are characterized by K-factors which are about 0.135 BTU-in./hr.ft..sup.2 .degree.F. or less.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sound-absorbing syntactic foam comprising expanded polystyrene microspheres, dispersed randomly in a polyurethane matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of flexible, soft polyurethane foams having viscoelastic, structure-borne soundproofing properties in a temperature range of from -20.degree. C. to +80.degree. C. by reactinga) a polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixture containingai) block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 65 and containing from 2 to 9% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, prepared by anionic polymerization, at elevated temperatures, of 1,2-propyleneoxide onto an initiator molecule mixture having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture and the flexible polyurethane foam produced therefrom. The reactive mixture contains specific filled polyols, water, a catalyst for the reaction between an isocyanate group and a hydroxyl group, and a specific N-hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt. The isocyanate used is toluene diisocyanate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel polyol obtained by using a specified polyhydric alcohol, polyoxyalkylene polyol, aliphatic amine and/or alkamlamine as a raw material and adding an organic polycarboxylic acid or its anhydride and an alkylene oxide; a polyurethane resin prepared from said novel polyol and an organic polyisocyanate; a rigid polyurethane foam prepared by using a hydrochlorofluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon foaming agent which has very low public hazards; and a composite utilizing thereof.The production of rigid polyurethane foam by using the polyol of the invention can be carried out in good operation efficiency and low public hazards. Additionally, properties of the foam thus obtained is equivalent to those of rigid polyurethane foams obtained by using conventional chlorofluorocarbons. Consequently, the rigid polyurethane foam of the invention is very useful for insulation materials and structural insulation materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foam compositions which are expanded with hydrohalocarbon blowing agents in the presence of catalysts which are capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during the polymerization. Thus, the present invention provides compositions comprising polyisocyanate, polyol, hydrohalocarbon blowing agent, surfactant, and catalyst for polymerization of the polyisocyanate and polyol wherein the catalyst is capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during polymerization of the polyisocyanate and the polyol.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for producing polyurethane comprising a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 3, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group. The amine catalyst has a secondary hydroxyl group in the molecule and is non-bleeding in the polyurethane resin and excellent in moldability. A process for producing a polyurethane foam by reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of the amine catalyst defined above and a foaming agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to stabilizing isocyanate-reactive compositions containing flame retardants by the use of certain tertiary amines or ammonium compounds, in which said stabilized compositions are prepared by mixing(a) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 and a functionality of 2 to 7;(b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having a molecular weight of less than 399 and a functionality of 2 to 6;(c) at least one (i) isocyanate-reactive tertiary amine polyether, (ii) fatty amido-amine, and/or (iii) ammonium salt derivative of a fatty amido-amine;(d) a flame retardant;(e) a catalyst; and(f) optional additives.This invention also relates to urethane-based products prepared by reaction of organic polyisocyanates with such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyurethanes with softening temperatures above 80.degree. C. which are NCO-free, which are reactive via masked isocyanates, which are essentially linear and extensively pre-lengthened, and their preparation. The polyurethanes can be used as powders which can be processed like thermoplastics and post-cured.

Abstract: Substantially closed cell rigid polyurethane foam cores of laminates are disclosed which are scorch-free, have a density of 50 kg/m.sup.3 and are made using water as the sole or main blowing agent and without the need to use a CFC. The foams are prepared from polyol compositions comprising the product of alkoxylating an initiator having a functionality of more than 2, at least one aromatic ring and at least one amino nitrogen atom. The initiator is preferably a Mannich condensate of a phenolic compound, formaldehyde and ammonia or an alkanolamine and the polyol is preferably used together with a second polyol having a functionality (or average functionality) of at least 1 but less than 3 and a molecular weight M.sub.w (or average molecular weight) of 250 to 4000.

Abstract: Solid isocyanate-terminated prepolymer powders useful in preparation of films, coatings, and one-component adhesives are prepared by reacting a low molecular weight di- or polyisocyanate with a glycol mixture in a solvent in which the isocyanate is soluble but the reaction product is not.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing foams comprising reacting polyisocyanates with an in situ produced stable low solids dispersion of polyureas and/or polyhydrazodicarbonamides in a hydroxyl-group-containing material as a dispersing agent by reacting:(a) organic polyisocyanates with(b) a member selected from the group consisting of (i) polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups, (ii) hydrazines, (iii) hydrazides, or (iv) mixtures thereof, in(c) said hydroxyl-group-containing material.

Abstract: A tertiary aminoalcohol having a tert-amino group(s) in the main chain and hydroxyl groups at the terminals. The use of this compound for purposes different from that of ordinary amines and amine derivatives is expected.A process for producing the tertiary aminoalcohol wherein a catalyst comprising copper, a transition metal element of the fourth period and a platinum group element of the group VIII, and further optionally containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is used.A process for producing polyurethane using the above-mentioned tertiary aminoalcohol which can solve the problems occurring in the production of a polyurethane using a tertiary amine which has a strong irritating odor and is highly irritant to the skin as a catalyst, for example, deteriorations of working atmosphere and sales appeal of the polyurethane.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polyurethane/polyurea flexible foam which comprises reacting:A. an organic prepolymer-containing polyisocyanate composition of NCO content of from 2 to 15% by weight;B. an isocyanate reactive component in which the isocyanate-reactive species comprises at least 40% by weight of water and at least one chain extender of molecular weight below 1000 which is selected from those having at least two amine groups of which at least one is directly attached to a cyclic hydrocarbon residue and from diamino polyols.

Abstract: This invention is a molded flexible polyurethane foam containing acid-modified polyoxypropyleneamine comprising a polyol, a polyisocyanate, water, and a crosslinker/catalyst of the formulae: ##STR1## where R' is an alkylene radical having from about 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R" is H or OH and R is H or from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms wherein said compound is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to 2.00 weight percent based on the combined weight of the polyol and polyisocyanate and wherein the sole blowing agent is CO.sub.2 resulting from the reaction of the water and the isocyanate or wherein auxiliary blowing agents may also be included and are selected from the group consisting of halogenated low-boiling hydrocarbons (e.g. trichloromono-fluoromethane and dichloromethane), carbon dioxide, and nitrogen or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Processes for producing a polyurethane, a rigid polyurethane foam, a flexible polyurethane foam and a spray type rigid polyurethane foam are disclosed. In these processes, a specified tertiary aminoalcohol is used as a polyol component and a catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to stabilizing isocyanate-reactive compositions containing flame retardants by the use of certain tertiary amines or ammonium compounds, in which said stabilized compositions are prepared by mixing(a) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 and a functionality of 2 to 7;(b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound having a molecular weight of less than 399 and a functionality of 2 to 6;(c) at least one (i) isocyanate-reactive tertiary amine polyether, (ii) fatty amido-amine, and/or (iii) ammonium salt derivative of a fatty amido-amine;(d) a flame retardant;(e) a catalyst; and(f) optional additives.This invention also relates to urethane-based products prepared by reaction of organic polyisocyanates with such compositions.

Abstract: A polymer-modified polyol dispersion comprises a polyaddition product dispersed in a polyol. The polyaddition product is present in an amount of from about 25 to about 70 percent by weight based on the total weight of the polyaddition product and the polyol. The dispersion has a viscosity in the range of from about 4,000 to about 50,000 mPa.s, the viscosity remaining substantially the same after production of the dispersion. A process for producing the polymer-modified polyol dispersion is also disclosed together with a process for using the dispersion to produce a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Stable urea group-containing dispersions are obtained in situ by reacting carbon dioxide with an amine in the presence of a continuous phase carrier. These amine/carbon dioxide condensation adducts dispersed in the carrier are employed in the formation of polyurethane foams, polyurethane elastomers and coatings, and polyurethane microcellular foams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low density, water-blown, rigid foams with good physical properties made with blends of toluenediamine (TDA)/glycerine initiated polyols. The foams made using these blends exhibit no initial surface friability. Further, it was found that specific blends of lower hydroxyl number polyols could be used, thereby reducing isocyanate consumption without affecting the physical properties of the foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low density, water-blown, rigid foams with good physical properties made with blends of toluenediamine (TDA)/glycerine initiated polyols. The foams made using these blends exhibit no initial surface friability. Further, it was found that specific blends of lower hydroxyl number polyols could be used, thereby reducing isocyanate consumption without affecting the physical properties of the foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyol, polyurethane resin, rigid polyurethane foam, preparation process thereof and a preparation process of a rigid polyurethane foam composite. The polyol comprises an epoxy resin based polyol, which may be combined with a phenol resin based polyol component and/or an aromatic amine based polyol component. The polyurethane resin, foam and composite using the polyol as a raw material has resistance to dissolution in a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon which are foaming agents having very low public environmental hazards and can be used as a thermal insulation material or a thermal insulation structure for refrigerators, freezers, insulation panels, ships and vehicles.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a low weight, low density rigid polyurethane-polyurea reinforced reaction injection molded (RRIM) part having wollastonite reinforcing fibers dispersed throughout a matrix made by reacting polyisocyanates with a resin containing hydroxy group tertiary amine polyether polyols, a water as a blowing agent, and optionally surfactants, chain extenders, and urethane promoting catalysts. The low density RRIM part using wollastonite and the tertiary amine polyether polyols is a low cost alternative to glass fiber reinforced low density parts, and the part exhibits good mechanical properties and quick demold times.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with polyoxyalkylene glycols prepared by alkoxylating a hydroxyalkyl-2-imidazolidone and to a process for preparing flexible polyurethane foams by reacting an organic isocyanate with an admixture of a polyether polyol and an alkoxylated hydroxyalkyl-2-imidazolidone in the presence of a urethane catalyst and a blowing agent.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for producing polyurethane comprising a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 3, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group. The amine catalyst has a secondary hydroxyl group in the molecule and is non-bleeding in the polyurethane resin and excellent in moldability. A process for producing a polyurethane foam by reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of the amine catalyst defined above and a foaming agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: An especially crack-resistant yet elastomeric and pliable polyurethane is provided as a polymer which is especially suitable for medical prosthesis, implants, roofing insulators and the like. The polymer is a polycarbonate urethane polymer which is substantially completely devoid of ether linkages.

Abstract: A polyol composition for producing rigid polyurethane foams which comprises:(a) a first polyol having the general formula of ##STR1## wherein R independently represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, m and n are integers of not less than 1, respectively, and m+n are in the range of 3-40, in amounts of 20-50% by weight based on the polyol composition; and(b) a second polyol selected from the group consisting of adducts of alkylene oxides to at least one member of three or more functional polyhydric alcohols and polyamino compounds.The resultant rigid polyurethane foams have high heat resistance and toughness as well as high mechanical properties, but have no voids therein.

Abstract: Processes for producing a polyurethane, a rigid polyurethane foam, a flexible polyurethane foam and a spray type rigid polyurethane foam are disclosed.In these processes, a specified tertiary aminoalcohol is used as a polyol component and a catalyst.

Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by foaming a special polyol component and an isocyanate component in the presence of a blowing agent comprising water and at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 2,2-dichloro-2-monofluoroethane possesses balanced excellent properties, has no surface void, and shows only slight expansion after molding. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a heat insulator, in particular, a heat insulator for refrigerators.

Abstract: A polycarbodiimide-polyisocyanurate foam is prepared by reacting(A) mixture of a polyol blend comprising(a) 25 to 100% of an aromatic polyester polyol having the following structure: ##STR1## where n=1, 2, or 3 and having hydroxyl number 150 to 330, (b) 0 to 35% of a flexible polyether polyol with hydroxyl number 20 to 70,(c) 0 to 25% of a toluene diamine ethoxylated polyol, optionally with some propoxylate, and having hydroxyl number 330 to 480,(d) 0 to 25% of a nonyl phenol ethoxylate and having hydroxyl number 70 to9 150, andwith surfactant, catalyst, and water; and reacting with(B) a polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate such that the mixture of A is reacted with B at a 1:1 by volume mix ratio.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a low weight, low density rigid polyurethane-polyurea reinforced reaction injection molded (RRIM) part having wollastonite reinforcing fibers dispersed throughout a matrix made by reacting polyisocyanates with a resin containing hydroxy group tertiary amine polyether polyols, a water as a blowing agent, and optionally surfactants, chain extenders, and urethane promoting catalysts. The low density RRIM part using wollastonite and the tertiary amine polyether polyols is a low cost alternative to glass fiber reinforced low density parts, and the part exhibits good mechanical properties and quick demold times.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition useful as a molding composition is prepared from (1) an adduct derived from the reaction product of a polyepoxide and a single epoxide reactive group-containing compound, or the reaction product of a monoglycidyl ether and an epoxide reactive groups-containing compound, (2) a polyisocyanate, and (3) optionally an isocyanate-reactive compound; wherein at least one of the adduct or polyisocyanate contains a rodlike mesogenic moiety.

Abstract: An hydroxyl containing compound for use in a sprayable system for creating polyurethane foams without the use of fluorinated hydrocarbons, the component containing a condensation product of an aliphatic triol with propanol or ethanol and/or a condensation product of a hexose with propane diol or propane triol, the condensation product in combination with an aliphatic amino polyol; an aromatic amino polyol; a polyurethane rapid initiator; a surfactant; a catalyst; and water.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of highly elastic foams of reduced compression hardness and having urethane groups is disclosed, in which the reaction of the polyurethane-forming materials is carried in the presence of 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the polyol, of a compound, which has at least one polyoxyalkylene group and at least one anionic group in the molecule. The use of fluorocarbons to decrease the compression hardness can reduced appreciably by the use of this compound.

Abstract: A method for producing a flexible polyurethane foam by the reaction of a mixture of an active hydrogen compound, a blowing agent, and an additive with an organic polyisocyanate, where water is used for generating carbon dioxide as the blowing agent; and the organic polyisocyanate is a mixture of(a) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer prepared by reacting, with diphenylmethane diisocyanate, one or more of alkylene-polyols constituted of ethylene oxide units and an alkylene oxide units of three or more carbon atoms in an addition-polymerization molar-ratio of from 40/60 to 0/100, having an average functionality of three or more, and having an average molecular weight of from 9000 to 30000, and(b) a polyphenylmethane-polyisocyanate, in a mixing ratio of (a) to (b) in the range of from 20/80 to 80/20 by weight.

Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by foaming a special polyol component and an isocyanate component using only water as a blowing agent has balanced excellent properties including a remarkably low density and a low thermal conductivity and is suitable for use as a heat insulator, particularly in a refrigerator.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with an isocyanate-reactive composition comprising a polymer having a molecular weight of at least 500 containing a plurality of groups of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical;R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbon radical;R.sup.3 represents an organic radical carrying at least one isocyanate-reactive group, andR.sup.4 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical. Such compositions are useful for making moulded elastomers and flexible foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a RIM process and an isocyanate-reactive mixture useful therein. The mixture comprisesi) a polyether having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups and a molecular weight of from 1800 to 12,000 in which at least 50% of the isocyanate-reactive groups are primary and/or secondary amine groups,ii) an amine-terminated chain extender, andiii) from 2 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of components b) and c) of propylene carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a rigid foam by reacting an active hydrogen compound containing an active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and a polyisocyanate compound in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and an assisting agent such as a catalyst.The active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and other active hydrogen compounds are preferably polyols, particularly polyether polyols respectively.The present invention has solved a problem of deterioration of the physical properties, which is problematic in a case where a rigid foam is produced by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having hydrogen atoms, and is capable of producing a rigid foam equivalent to a conventional rigid foam obtained by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having no hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of low-density flexible polyurethane foams comprising reacting, in a closed mold, a mixture comprising polyisocyanates; compounds containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight in the range from about 400 to about 10,000; water as blowing agent; optionally, compounds containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight in the range from 32 to 399 as chain-extending and crosslinking agents; and optionally, one or more known auxiliaries and additives, wherein one or more of the reaction mixture components is heated before foaming to a temperature of at least 40.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyurea-polyurethane elastomers comprising reacting in a closed mold, in accordance with the reaction injection molding technique at an isocyanate index of about 95 to about 110, an isocyanate prepolymer having an isocyanate content of about 5 wt. % to 10 wt. % and a molecular weight range of about 1000 to 4000 with a diamine chain extender having no isocyanate-reactive groups other than amino groups in the substantial absence of compounds having isocyanate-reactive groups other than amino groups. The present invention further relates to the polyureapolyurethane elastomers produced by the process of this invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkylene oxide adducts prepared by alkoxylating an initiator, containing polymerized ethylene oxide, with a C.sub.3 or higher alkylene oxide, and polyurethane foams prepared therefrom. The invention offers the advantage of preparing alkylene oxide adducts and polyurethane foams with acceptable properties, where the availability or the possibility of conducting an alkoxylation reaction with ethylene oxide is restricted or not at all feasible.

Abstract: Described herein is an isocyanate-reactive compound containing at least one linkage of the formula:--X--X--wherein X is independently in each occurrence --NR--, --S--, or --O--; R is independently in each occurrence hydrogen, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, aryl, or arylene; and at least one N, S, or O atom of the above formula is bonded to an aryl or arylene group. Also disclosed are isocyanate-reactive compositions containing the above compound and flexible polyurethane foams prepared therefrom.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams having bulk densities within the range of from 15 to 60 kg/cm.sup.3 and a load bearing capacity, under a compression rate of 40%, higher than 50 N, obtained by the reaction of a modified polyisocyanate with a compound containing activated hydrogen atoms in chain-end position, and wherein agents different from chloro-fluoroalkanes are used as the foaming agent.

Abstract: Improved ignition resistant, flexible, open-celled polyurethane foams are described. The foams are formed in situ from the reaction, in the presence of a catalyst, of an isocyanate, one or more blowing agents including water, a foam stabilizer, a polyether polyol, melamine, and a standard flame retardant additive. Preferred standard flame retardants are halogenated phosphorus esters and a blend of about 80 to 85% pentabromodiphenyl oxide in an aromatic phosphate plasticizer. The melamine is present in the foam formulations in an amount of from 30 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyol. The standard flame retardant is present in an amount of from 15 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyol. The compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for use in furniture, bedding, and carpet padding.