Abstract: A polyacetal carboxylate is provided having the following empirical formula: ##STR1## where M is selected from the group consisting of akali metal, ammonium, tetra-alkyl ammonium groups and alkanol ammonium groups, and n averages at least 4. Such polyacetal carboxylates can be used as complexing agents and detergency builders.

Abstract: A polymer having the average structure: ##STR1## wherein Y is a moiety containing 1 to about 20 carbon atoms randomly distributed along the polymer chain derived from a comonomer selected from the group consisting of aldehydes and epoxy compounds; p is 0 or 1; the product of q and n averages at least 4; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually any chemically stable group which stabilizes the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution; and Z is a mixture of H and members selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, ammonium and alkanol amine groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, is useful for the reversible deflocculation of clay slurries. In the preferred embodiments, p is 0 to provide a homopolymer, the product of q and n averages between about 10 and about 200, and Z is a mixture containing at least 1 percent H, the remainder being alkali metal, e.g., sodium.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol amine salts of acetal carboxylate polymers are known to be stable detergent builders and chelating agents which depolymerize in acid media making the polymer fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams. Now, according to the present invention, the hydrolytic stability of an acetal carboxylate polymer can be controlled by bringing together under polymerization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator and adding to the termini of the resulting polymer end groups having substituents which are selected to be more electron withdrawing as the desired hydrolytic stability increases.

Abstract: The mold deposit problem commonly associated with non-reinforced polyoxymethylene molding compositions which creates a non-uniform surface on a molded article effectively is minimized. The polyoxymethylene polymer initially is heated (as described) while in admixture with about 0.25 to about 3 percent by weight based upon the weight of the polyoxymethylene polymer of a certain polycarbodiimide. The polycarbodiimide contains at least three carbodiimide units per polycarbodiimide molecule and is derived from one or more aromatic diisocyanates which are unsubstituted or are substituted with up to one methyl substituent on each aromatic ring.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing a phenolated resin which can be used to form heat stable (up to 250.degree.) products.Previously used resins are either very expensive or do not provide the requisite high temperature properties. An aim of the invention is to provide a cheap equivalent to commercially available high temperature resins.An aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. toluene) formaldehyde condensation resin is prepared. The low molecular weight contaminants are removed by a distillation process. The residue contains less than 1% low molecular weight material, and is phenolated to give the final resin. The resin may be cured to give a heat stable product.The phenolated resin may be used to form glasscloth and asbestos laminates or as a lamp capping cement.

Abstract: The terminal hydroxyl groups of an acetal polymer are esterified or etherified by reaction with an end-capping agent chosen from anhydrides of carboxylic acids, orthoesters and orthocarbonates, by forming an intimate mixture of polymer in powder form and liquid end-capping agent, the amount of said agent in the mixture being less than that which results in loss of the free-flowing characteristics of the powder, and reacting said mixture under stirring at 50.degree.-170.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyoxymethylene having high molecular weight and high thermal stability is produced by polymerizing formaldehyde in the presence of a specific catalyst and then heating the resulting polyoxymethylene. The specific catalyst is produced by contacting a phosphorus containing compound or an amine (c) with a reaction product obtained by reacting salicylic acid component (b) with an organoaluminum compound (a) having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl or alkoxyl group and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 respectively represent alkyl or alkoxyl group or a halogen atom.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising methylolamino compounds are cured with high molecular weight fatty diols and higher polyols.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carbamide-furan resin comprises reacting a urea-formaldehyde resin unlimitedly soluble in water with urea at a temperature within the range of from 50.degree. to 85.degree. C. and modifying the resulting urea-formaldehyde resin with furyl alcohol at a ratio therebetween expressed in parts by weight equal to 100:20-200 respectively at a temperature within the range of from 50.degree. to 85.degree. C., pH of from 7.2 to 8.9 simultaneously with dehydration of the product being modified under vacuum.

Abstract: By reacting polyalkyl-piperidones-4 with the 0.5- to 1.1-molar amount of formaldehyde in the presence of an aliphatic monoalcohol at 50.degree. to 180.degree. C., polymers of a polymerization degree of from 2 to about 200 are obtained, which may be hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated. Especially in this form, they are suitable as light stabilizers for synthetic polymers and as intermediate products for the preparation of other stabilizers for plastic materials.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol amine salts of polymeric acetal carboxylates are stable detergent builders and chelating agents. Now, in the improved process of the present invention for preparing an acetal carboxylate polymer wherein a glyoxylate ester and a polymerization initiator are brought together under polymerization conditions and a chemically stable end group is added to the termini of the resulting polymer to stabilize the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution, the improvement comprises contacting the resulting polymer in the presence of an acid catalyst with a sufficient amount of an acetal having 3 to 20 carbon atoms to stabilize the resulting polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution, and an agent to remove liberated alcohol.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol amine salts of polymeric acetal carboxylates are stable detergent builders under laundry use conditions, but depolymerize in acid media, making the polymer fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams. Now, in the improved process of the present invention for preparing an acetal carboxylate polymer wherein an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator are brought together under polymerization conditions and a chemically stable end group is added to the termini of the resulting polymer to stabilize the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution, the improvement comprises adding to the resulting polymer a sufficient amount of an alkali metal hydride, preferably sodium hydride, and a dialkyl sulfate having 1 to about 20 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, preferably dimethyl sulfate, to add to the termini of the resulting polymer an alkyl group derived from the dialkyl sulfate.

Abstract: In a molding composition comprising a polyoxymethylene, a melamine formaldehyde polycondensate and an antioxidation agent, the improvement wherein said melamine formaldehyde polycondensate is a finely divided, cross-linked, substantially water insoluble polycondensate comprising the precipitation product obtained by reacting formaldehyde and melamine in a molar ratio between 1.2:1 and 10.0:1, and wherein said polycondensate is in an amount of about 0.001 to about 30 percent by weight, related to the total weight of said composition.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol ammonium salts of polymeric acetal carboxylates are stable detergent builders under laundry use conditions but depolymerize in acid media, making the polymer fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol ammonium salts of polymeric acetal carboxylates are stable detergent builders under laundry use conditions but depolymerize at lower pH, making the polymer fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams. Such polymeric acetal carboxylates can now be made by an improved process which includes the steps of bringing together in a reaction zone under polymerization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator, and adding an alkyl vinyl ether to the resulting polymer in the presence of a solvent having a dielectric constant of at least 15, such as an alkyl nitrile and a haloacetic acid catalyst, such as trifluoroacetic acid, to stabilize the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution. The preferred solvent is acetonitrile.

Abstract: Oxymethylene copolymers molding compositions with low portions of residual formaldehyde are produced by heating the polymerizate melts treated with chemical stabilizers in an apparatus in which there are continuously presented new polymerizate surfaces under reduced pressure. The heating of the polymerizate melt takes place in a thin layer evaporator for highly viscous media during an average residence time of 30 to 120 seconds at an average rate of shear between 500 and 2000 s.sup.-1 and at a pressure P.sub.abs of at most 150 mbar. The escaping gases and vapors are drawn off countercurrent to the polymerizate melt.

Abstract: Aqueous impregnating emulsions for the impregnation of fibrous rovings are provided in which water has emulsified therein particles of epoxy resin in compatible admixture with thermoplastic resin, and a curing agent for the epoxy resin is dispersed in the emulsion, the curing agent being nonreactive under ambient conditions, such as dicyandiamide. Polysulfone resins are preferably used by dissolving them in methylene chloride and then evaporating this solvent after the epoxy resin has been dissolved in. Polycarboxylic acid emulsifying agents provide superior properties in the cured product.

Abstract: Stabilized polyoxymethylene excellent in heat stability, base stability and mechanical properties can be produced by reacting polyoxymethylene having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 or more with 1,3-dioxepane in an organic medium in the presence of a Lewis acid and, if necessary, a molecular weight regulator.

Abstract: A resinous product comprising a curable urea-formaldehyde resin modified by a nitroalkanol and having particular utility for treating textiles and non-woven cellulose products to provide permanent press and wrinkle-resistant characteristics.

Abstract: Copolymers of acetal carboxylates are provided which have the following empirical formula ##STR1## where Y is one or more comonomers randomly distributed in the copolymer; the product of n and q averages at least 4; p is at least 1; and M is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, ammonium, alkyl groups having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and alkanol ammonium groups having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. Such copolymers are useful as detergent builders to replace sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) in detergent formulations. The copolymers are stable under laundry use conditions, but depolymerize in acid media, making the fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams.

Abstract: The novel condensation product of 1,3-phenylenediamine and glutardialdehyde has high activity to fix or insolubilize proteins, including enzymes.

Abstract: An acetal resin composition comprising an admixture of 100 parts by weight of an acetal resin and 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of a petroleum resin, said petroleum resin being prepared by polymerizing a cracked petroleum fraction boiling between -15.degree. C. and 200.degree. C. and containing unsaturated hydrocarbons, and having a molecular weight in the range of 400 to 2500 and a second order transition temperature in the range of 35.degree. to 90.degree. C.

Abstract: Microscopic opacifying particles formed of a formaldehyde condensation product are chemically modified to impart anionic-, cationic- or hydroxy-functional groups thereto in order to provide improved dye receptivity, dispersibility and compatibility properties.

Abstract: Amino resins, e.g., urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde thermosetting resin systems, are cured with thermally-decomposable adducts of aromatic sulfonic acids and oxa-azacyclopentanes. The resin products cured with these adducts provide surface coatings having superior water resistance properties. The cured compositions can include other conventional ingredients capable of co-reacting with the amino resins, such as polyols, polyacids, alkyd resins, polyester resins, epoxies, acrylics and the like, to provide compositions curable to products having a wide range of properties.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of resinous products which comprises(a) reacting in a first step, at least one natural resinic acid with 7.5 to 12% by weight, referred to the weight of the natural resinic acids, of a polymeric formaldehyde at a superatmospheric pressure and at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C.,(b) in a second stage, increasing the temperature to at least 200.degree. C., but by at least 20.degree. C., and continuing the reaction at atmospheric pressure to yield a partial esterified product having an acid number of 115 to 135,(c) reacting the reaction product obtained from (b) at a temperature of at least 200.degree. C. with an amount of an alkaline-reacting calcium compound sufficient to yield a partial calcium salt having a calcium content of from 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel, substantially insoluble and infusible plastics which are cross-linked by way of triazine rings and, optionally, by way of tri-substituted bis-oxymethylene urea groups or urethane groups.

Abstract: A melamine-aldehyde-phosphate condensation product which is useful as a fire-retardant, especially for plastics materials, and which is made by reacting melamine and at least one aldehyde, or a condensate of melamine and at least one aldehyde, with at least one oxyacid of phosphorus or precursor therefor or ester thereof until the condensation product is essentially non-acidic, the proportions of melamine and aldehyde being chosen such that the molar ratio of units derived from melamine: units derived from aldehyde in the condensation product is in the range 1:1.5 to 1:4.5, and the proportions of melamine and oxyacid of phosphorus or precursor therefor or ester thereof being chosen such that the molar ratio of units derived from melamine:phosphorus in the condensation product is in the range 1:0.4 to 1:1.7.

Abstract: Condensation products of .epsilon.-caprolactam, formaldehyde and formamide, especially N-(formylaminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam and N-(N'-formyl-N'-hydroxymethyl-aminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam, are prepared by reacting formamide and formaldehyde in the presence of a base and in the presence or absence of .epsilon.-caprolactam at temperatures of 70.degree. to 90.degree. C. for 4 to 15 hours, then acidifying the reaction batch and, if no .epsilon.-caprolactam is present, adding .epsilon.-caprolactam, and distilling off water at 100.degree. to 135.degree. C.The condensation products are valuable modifiers for use in the manufacture of aminoplast resins employed for impregnating paper and fabrics which are used for the manufacture of coated wood-based materials and laminates.

Abstract: Process and catalyst for curing resins (e.g. furans) comprising concentrated aqueous solutions of perchloric acid (about 45-72%) and the cured resins obtained using said catalyst. Improved catalyst combinations for curing resins in a process employing same and the cured resin produced thereby comprising concentrated perchloric acid, a small amount of phosphoric acid and/or a small amount of boric acid.

Abstract: Storage-stable, heat-reactive aqueous compositions comprising at least one novolak phenolic resin, at least one formaldehyde polymer, and water, wherein said formaldehyde polymer is present in an amount sufficient to crosslink said novolak resin, are useful for direct bonding of natural and synthetic resins to rigid and non-rigid substrates and as primers for rubber-to-metal adhesives. The herein-described aqueous adhesive systems can have incorporated therein conventional additives such as fillers and the like.