Abstract: Linear copolyesters derived from at least 65 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid moiety of which at least 85 mole % thereof is of the trans configuration; 0 to 33 mole % of an aromatic, cycloaliphatic or aliphatic dibasic acid moiety, 2 to 35 mole % of an alkylsuccinic or alkenylsuccinic anhydride moiety and one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol moieties. The copolyesters are useful as bonding or coating compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are colored polyester compositions containing copolymerized anthraquinone dyes as colorants, which compositions may be used, for example, for food packaging and to mold colored beverage bottles. The copolymerized dyes are thermally stable at the processing temperatures, and are colorfast and nonextractable. The useful dyes have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein either or both of rings A and B may contain in any position thereon one or two groups of the formula ##STR2## R and R.sup.3 each is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each is hydrogen or 1-3 substituents such as lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, phenyl, Cl, Br, or the like; X is --S-- or --NH--; n is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1, or 2.

Abstract: Photocrosslinkable, organic-solvent-soluble polymers having a Tg greater than 200.degree. C., are disclosed. The polymer contains sufficient radiation-sensitive crosslinkable units to render the polymer insoluble in organic solvents on exposure to radiation to which the crosslinkable units of the polymer are sensitive.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly stable copolyesters having inherent viscosities of at least 0.4 and containing in copolymerized form from about 0.3 to about 5.0% by weight of one or more of the stabilizing moieties having the general formula ##STR1## where R and R.sub.1 are each a chemical bond or an alkylene group of 1-6 carbons; R.sub.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; R.sub.3 represents 1-5 groups each independently selected from H, Cl, F, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aryloxy; wherein all of the above alkyl and alkylene moieties comprising or being part of the R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 groups contain from 1-8 carbons; and wherein all of the above alkyl, alkylene, aryl and cycloalkyl moieties may be substituted with up to three substituents selected from halogen, alkyl of 1-8 carbons, alkoxy of 1-8 carbons, aryl, cycloalkyl and CN.

Abstract: Shaped polyester articles having their surfaces modified with a stain-releasing finish and a process for modifying those surfaces are disclosed. The process subjects the polyester to a water-dispellable non-crystalline polymeric compound in an aqueous swelling environment.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for surface-modifying shaped essentially synthetic fiber articles so as to impart to them stain-release properties that endure through many launderings. The process subjects the article to a water-dispellable non-crystalline polymeric compound and a water-soluble salt in an aqueous swelling environment.

Abstract: Fast crystallizing polyester compositions obtained by reacting a polyester having an intrinsic viscosity of greater than 0.3 which polyester comprises aromatic or cycloaliphatic residues obtained from diacids and/or hydroxyacids and aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic residues of diols with an ionizable metal salt of a compound containing a group of the formula >NH, preferably selected from compounds of the formula: ##STR1## and acid amides, lactams, polyamides and sulphonamides.

Abstract: Disclosed are adhesive compositions which are solid but spreadable to form a coating on substrates. Solutions of the adhesive composition are formed into a gel in a useful form such as a stick. The adhesive composition comprises dibenzal sorbitol gelling agent and polyesters derived from components (A), (B) and (C) as follows:(A) at least one dicarboxylic acid,(B) at least one diol, at least 20 mole percent of the diol component being a poly(ethylene)glycol having the formula H--OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n OH wherein n is an integer of from 2 to about 14, and(C) at least one difunctional dicarboxylic acid sulfomonomer containing a --SO.sub.3 M group attached to an aromatic nucleus, wherein M is Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+ or a combination thereof, the sulfomonomer component constituting at least about 8 mole percent to about 45 mole percent of the sum of the moles of said components (A) and (C).

Abstract: Polyesterionomers having the structure ##STR1## wherein G.sup.1 represents a straight or branched chain alkylene having about 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene, cycloalkylenebis(oxyalkylene) or cycloalkylenedialkylene;G.sup.

Abstract: Water-borne alkyds containing polybasic acids, a sulfonated aromatic acid, or equivalent, e.g., the sodium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, polyhydric alcohols, and fatty acids, are prepared in a two-step process by first reacting the carboxylic acids and the alcohols until a clear solution is obtained and then adding and reacting the fatty acid to achieve a desired relatively low acid number. These alkyd products are water dispersible without the need for amine stabilization and form protective films on substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polycondensate of (a) water soluble or dispersible polyester having a molecular weight of 600-5000 prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid and a diol or polyol wherein 5-40 moles percent of the acid or hydroxy compounds contain sulfo substituents and (b) a compound of the formulaR--O--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.m --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OHwherein m is a number from 5 to 50 and R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 6-22 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 6-22 carbon atoms, alkanoyl of 6-22 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-22 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6-22 carbon atoms, castor oil radical and ##STR1## wherein R' is alkyl or alkenyl each having 6-22 carbon atoms. The polycondensate is useful as a modifier for aminoplast resins and as a leveller in dyeing.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of alkylaromatic copolyesters, characterized in that there are reacted, successively, at a temperature below 250.degree. C., a diester of a dihydroxyaromatic compound and an aliphatid diacid of the general formula HOOC(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOH, in which 3.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.10, with a molar ratio of the diester to the diacid of between 1.5 and 4, until the degree of completion of the reaction is greater than or equal to 85%, and them, at a temperature above 250.degree. C., an aromatic and/or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid, and in that the product obtained is subjected to a polycondensation reaction under reduced pressure for a duration which is less than or equal to 1 hour 30 minutes. This process makes it possible to produce copolyesters which may be readily converted in the molten state to threads, films and molded articles.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyester resinous composition which comprises (a) a thermoplastic polyester, (b) an epoxy compound and (c) an organic sulfonate and/or organic sulfate salt, is disclosed. The polyester composition has excellent form stability in melt as well as beneficial mechanical properties such as impact strength. The composition can be molded to form various shaped articles by use of conventional molding methods.

Abstract: A polyester is produced in an improved process by esterification or interesterification of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof with 1,4-butanediol followed by polycondensation of the resulting ester characterized in reusing the 1,4-dibutanediol mixture distilled in the polycondensation step without purification as a starting material for production of more polyester.

Abstract: Composition comprising a linear, water-dissipatable polymer having an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.1 and comprising the reaction products of the following components or ester forming or esteramide forming derivatives thereof;(a) at least one dicarboxylic acid;(b) at least one difunctional sulfomonomer containing at least one metal sulfonate group attached to an aromatic nucleus wherein the functional groups are hydroxy, carboxyl or amino; and(c) a glycol or a mixture of a glycol and diamine having two --NRH groups, the glycol containing two --CH.sub.2 --OH groups of which from about 0.1 to less than 15 mole percent based on the total mole percent of hydroxy or hydroxy and amino equivalents, is a poly(ethylene glycol) having the structural formula:H--OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n OHn being an integer of between 2 and about 500, with the proviso that the mole percent of said poly(ethylene glycol) within said range is inversely proportional to the quantity of n within said range.

Abstract: Polyester films are modified by the addition of a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol and an alkali metal salt of a sulfonic acid-substituted dicarboxylic acid ester to the reaction medium during the polymerization process. Films prepared for example, from diesters of terephthalic acid in the presence of the modifiers of this invention exhibit good permeability to water vapor.

Abstract: A polyester size composition for synthetic fibers useful in protecting the fibers from abrasion during the weaving process or to improve the adhesion to the fibers of conventional size compositions and especially useful with polyester fibers such as those based upon polyethylene terephthalate, comprises a branched water-dispersible polyester which is the reaction product of at least one polycarboxylic acid, at least one diol or polyglycol and an aromatic carboxylic acid containing a --SO.sub.3 M grouping which is attached to the aromatic nucleus of said carboxylic acid through an aliphatic chain and ester linkage and wherein said linkage contains about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polyesterionomers useful as a binder in liquid electrophotographic developers having the structure are disclosed.

Abstract: Dyeing with disperse dyes is made more uniform when there is used as a levelling agent a branched polyester which has an apparent average molecular weight of from about 600 to about 5,000, disperses itself in water, and is essentially an ester-linked combination of hydrocarbyloxy groups and carboxyl-derived acyl groups, the groups being linked together as a branched chain by the ester linkages and relative to the carboxy-derived acyl groups the polyester contains from about 5 to about 50 mol.% of COOH or COOM groups and less than 5 mol.% of SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M denotes the cation of an alkali metal, the ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine, the number of branches on an interesterified group being not over three and at least 50 mol.% of the hydrocarbyloxy groups are in diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol groups.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyester having an apparent molecular weight between about 600 and about 5,000 and a SO.sub.3 M group content between about 5 to about 40 mol percent based on the number of mols of dicarboxylic and/or polycarboxylic acids esterified in the polyester, and an at least trifunctional alcohol and/or an at least trifunctional carboxylic acid content between about 1 to about 40 mol percent based on the number of mols of dicarboxylic and/or polycarboxylic acids esterified in the polyester so that the polyester is correspondingly branched and M denotes a cation of an alkali metal, the ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine. The improved polyester is particularly suited as a levelling agent in the disperse dyeing of polyester fibers or the like.

Abstract: Copolyester resins comprising the condensation polymerization product of (a) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its lower dialkyl ester (b) an aliphatic glycol and a minor amount of a substituted aromatic acid ester represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R is a lower alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and M is an alkali metal from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, and lithium.

Abstract: A polyester size composition for synthetic fibers useful in protecting the fibers from abrasion during the weaving process or to improve the adhesion to the fibers of conventional size compositions and especially useful with polyester fibers such as those based upon polyethylene terephthalate, comprises a branched water-dispersible polyester which is the reaction product of at least one polycarboxylic acid, at least one diol or polyglycol and an aromatic carboxylic acid containing a --SO.sub.3 M grouping which is attached to the aromatic nucleus of said carboxylic acid through an aliphatic chain and ester linkage and wherein said linkage contains about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Methyl-substituted polyphenylacyl compounds are prepared by selective oxidation of oligomers of mesitylene. These methyl-substituted polyphenylacyl compounds are useful as intermediates for polyamides and polyesters. The esters are useful as plasticizers for polyvinylchloride.

Abstract: A process for the production of stable aqueous polymer dispersions which comprises polymerizing about 10-80 percent by weight based on the total amount of non-aqueous matter of olefinically unsaturated monomers under free radical emulsion polymerization conditions in the presence of about 90-20 percent by weight based on the total amount of non-aqueous matter of water-dispersible polyester derived essentially from components (1), (2), (3) and (4) as follows:(1) at least one dicarboxylic acid;(2) at least one diol, at least 20 mole percent of said diol component being a poly(ethylene glycol) having the formulaH--OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --.sub.n OHwherein n is an integer of from 2 to about 10,(3) at least one difunctional dicarboxylic acid sulfo-monomer containing a --SO.sub.3 M group attached to an aromatic nucleus, wherein M is hydrogen or Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.

Abstract: When reacting a dyestuff having hydroxy, acyloxy, carboxy or carbalkoxy groups with a polyester derived from terephthalic and/or isophthalic acid and, per mol of dicarboxylic acid, about 0.75 to 1.5 mol of a low-molecular alkanetriol with primary alcohol groups (methylol groups) or, instead of said polyester, with the corresponding starting materials or precondensates, a polyester with chemically linked dyestuff units is obtained which is useful for dyeing plastics, especially polyolefins. The dyed plastic materials are heat resistant, even when containing fluorescent dyestuff units, transparent and uniformly dyed.

Abstract: Polyesters of 1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane and aromatic dicarboxylic acids exhibiting improved oxidation resistance are obtained by incorporating into the polyester, units derived from a bis(hydroxyphenyl)sulfide. In addition, the polyesters possess a combination of strength, processability, high temperature performance, resistance to burning, crystallinity and solvent resistance which makes them useful as molding resins, fibers and surface coatings.

Abstract: Process of preparing anionic polyurethane latexes without the addition of a foreign emulsifying surface active agent comprising rendering the basic polyester or polyether constituent of the latex intrinsically emulsifiable or dispersible in water by incorporating an anionic functional group in the chain thereof and reacting this basic constituent with a diisocyanate in order to obtain a prepolymer which is then emulsified in water.The latexes obtained are advantageously applied in coating and impregnation processes, finishing of leather, and as binders for nonwoven fabrics.

Abstract: A water-dispersible polycondensation polyester resin having moieties of at least one polycarboxylic acid and at least one polyvalent alcohol having a terminal hydroxyl group, said polyester having a molecular weight between 300 and 3,000, a softening point between 30.degree. and 60.degree. C, said polyester additionally containing an amount of 1 to 5 mole percent based upon the moieties of polycarboxylic acid or polyvalent alcohol; moieties of an alkali metal-sulfo group containing polycarboxylic acid or polyvalent alcohol; aqueous dispersions of such water-dispersible polyester resin and the use of such water dispersions as baked upon lacquer compositions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for inhibiting in a polymerization reaction crosslinking of photocrosslinkable condensation homopolymers and copolymers by use of a synergistic inhibitor composition comprising specified amounts of a hindered phenolic compound and a phosphoric acid ester in the presence of monomers from which said homopolymers and copolymers are formed. Residue from the inhibitor composition remains in the polymeric product and serves as a stabilizer against heat deterioration and premature crosslinking of the product during recovery and storage. The stabilized homopolymers and copolymers are useful for manufacture of radiation sensitive elements. Photographic elements formed from the stabilized condensation polymers are particularly useful as lithographic plates.

Abstract: A non-aqueous,water-soluble, quick-setting sizing composition suitable for application in the molten state to textile yarns of both continuous-filament and staple types, and for later removal by aqueous means, comprising a combination of a film-forming thermoplastic polymer with a melt-miscible viscosity reducer and solification promoter, and yarns so sized. The polymer protects and consolidates the yarn, while its companion component promotes the even application and particularly the quick set-up of the molten size. Optionally, if desired, water-soluble lubricants may also be added to increase the lubricity and flexibility of the sized yarn.