Abstract: The invention provides compounds formula (I) and salts thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R6 and Y have any of the values defined in the specification. The compounds are useful for treatment or suppression of diseases associated with decreased mitochondrial function resulting in diminished ATP production and/or oxidative stress and/or lipid peroxidation.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to: an oxidation color developable compound that is represented by general formula (1), that has excellent solubility in water, and that is less affected by a substance coexisting in a sample; and an oxidation color development reagent using the oxidation color developable compound. In general formula (I), R1, R2, R3, and R4 each represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, X represents a hydrophilic functional group, and L represents —(CH2)j— (j represents an integer of 2-10), —(CH2CH2O)k— (k represents an integer of 1-10), or —(CH2)m—Z—(CH2)n— (m and n each independently represent an integer of 1-10, and Z represents —N+(CH3)2—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —NHCOO—, —OCONH—, —NHCONH—, and —(CH2NHCO)q—).

Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to the field of chemical synthesis, and more particularly to methods of chemical synthesis which include the step of preparing a substituted 10H-phenothiazine-3,7-diamine compound of Formula (1) by a step of selective alkylation by reductive amination, in which the corresponding unsubstituted diamine of Formula (4) is reacted with aldehyde/ketone, under reductive amination conditions. The present invention also relates to such methods which incorporate additional subsequent and/or preceding steps, for example, to prepare compounds of Formulae (2) and (3) from compounds of Formula (1), and to prepare compounds of Formula (4) from, for example, compounds of Formulae (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9). Compounds of Formula (1), Formula (2), and Formula (3) are useful, for example, in the treatment of diseases of protein aggregation, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method of reducing the aggregate content in a protein preparation having a target protein includes contacting the protein preparation with a thio-heterocyclic cation to form a mixture, contacting the mixture with at least one functionalized solid to remove excess thio-heterocyclic cations; and optionally contacting the mixture, simultaneously or sequentially, with at least one further functionalized solid to further reduce aggregate content of the protein preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for prevention of premature polymerization during the preparation, purification, transportation and storage of a polymerizable compound with at least one conjugated unsaturated group in the presence of an azine dye-based compound as inhibitor. Further the present invention relates to methods of preparing such inhibitors as well as to the inhibitors itself, as well as to methods of improving solubility and stability of dissolved inhibitors.

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder marked by progressive memory and cognitive impairments that eventually result in death. Currently, there are no effective therapies or cures that slow or halt the relentless progression of Alzheimer's disease. The invention teaches that the underlying mechanism responsible for the initiation of Alzheimer's disease is due to the insufficient flow of cerebrospinal fluid through apertures in the cribriform plate. The cribriform plate is a flat bony structure at the top of the nasal cavity directly below the olfactory bulbs. Naturally occurring apertures in the cribriform plate provide conduits for cranial nerve 1 fibers passing from the olfactory epithelium below, into the olfactory bulb above. Cerebrospinal fluid in the extracellular compartment above seeps through these apertures and into the nasal submucosa below, where it is removed by lymphatic vessels.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for identifying therapeutic agents that are multifunctional radical quenchers. It also provides compounds of formula: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in a variety of applications, such as treatment or suppression of diseases associated with decreased mitochondrial function resulting in diminished ATP production and/or oxidative stress and/or lipid peroxidation.

Abstract: Described are methods of synthesis and/or purification of certain 3,7-diamino-phenothiazin-5-ium compounds (referred to herein as “diaminophenothiazinium compounds”) including Methylthioninium Chloride (MTC) (also known as Methylene Blue), the resulting (high purity) compounds, compositions comprising such compounds (e.g., tablets, capsules), and the use of such high purity compounds. The compounds are useful in inactivating pathogens, and methods of medical treatment, prophylaxis, and diagnosis of diseases including a tauopathy, related neurological and infectious diseases.

Abstract: A new antiviral water-soluble pharmacological product with anti-HIV effect, is based on ionic silver and methylene blue compound. The new substance is produced in the form of water-soluble powder that can be used for the preparation of finished dosage forms for treating viral infections, especially HIV infection. The product has a potential ability to radically suppress the infectious agents without leading to any mutations and resistance of viruses. The composition of the new product proposed under the conventional name Argothiazin-A™ corresponds to the chemical formula: C20H24AgN3O4S.

Abstract: This invention pertains generally to the field of chemical synthesis and purification, and more specifically to methods of synthesizing and purifying certain 3,7 diamino-phenothiazin-5-ium compounds (referred to herein as “diaminophenothiaziniumcompounds”) including Methylhioninium Chloride (MTC) (also known as Methylene Blue). In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of, in order: nitrosylation (NOS); nitrosyl reduction (NR); thiosulfonic acid formation (TSAF); oxidative coupling (OC); Cr(VI) reduction (CR); isolation and purification of zwitterionic intermediate (IAPOZI); ring closure (RC); chloride salt-formation (CSF); one of: sulphide treatment (ST); dimethyldithiocarbamate treatment (DT); carbonate treatment (CT); ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment (EDTAT); organic extraction (OE); and recrystallisation (RX). The present invention also pertains to the resulting (high purity) compounds, compositions comprising them (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and materials based on diaminophenothiazines for use in the treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for identifying therapeutic agents that are multifunctional radical quenchers. It also provides compounds of formula (I), (II), or (II-A): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in a variety of applications, such as treatment or suppression of diseases associated with decreased mitochondrial function resulting in diminished ATP production and/or oxidative stress and/or lipid peroxidation.

Abstract: Novel 2,8-diaminophenothiazine compounds of the following formula: and a method for preparing the same, are presented. The 2,8-diaminophenothiazine compounds are useful in the field of treating liquid or gaseous fluids, especially influents and industrial or domestic effluents.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescent device (organic EL device), which has improved luminous efficiency, has sufficient driving stability, and has a simple construction. The organic EL device of the present invention is an organic electroluminescent device, including a light-emitting layer and a hole-transporting layer between an anode and a cathode laminated on a substrate, in which the light-emitting layer contains a phosphorescent light-emitting dopant and an indolocarbazole compound that serves as a host material, or alternatively, the hole-transporting layer contains an indolocarbazole compound. The indolocarbazole compound is represented by the following formula (1). In the formula: A1's each represent an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, provided that at least one of A1's has a fused ring structure; and R1's each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an acyl group.

Abstract: A condensed heterocyclic compound which is shown by the following formula (I) and a composition containing an (a) organic material and (b) at least one type of the condensed heterocyclic compound are provided. (Y indicates a chemical single bond, —S(?O)—, or —SO2—. Ra and Rb indicate substitutable C1 to C30 organic groups. Za and Zb indicate chemical single bonds or —SO2—. X1 and X2 indicate hydrogen atoms etc. n and m respectively independently indicate integers of 0 to 2, where one of n and m is not 0).

Abstract: The present invention relates to diaminophenothiazinium derivatives of formula (I); in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and X? are as defined in Claim 1, and also the methods for labelling oligonucleotides using such a derivative, labeling substrates and the oligonucleotides which can be obtained by means of such methods or from such labelling substrates.

Abstract: A dendrimer and an organic light-emitting device including an organic layer having the dendrimer.

Abstract: Substantially pure methylthioninium chloride pentahydrate form A is prepared from methylthioninium chloride by phase equilibration of suspensions, crystallization or solvent evaporation, whereby the water content of the solvent corresponds to a water activity of at least 0.4 at 25° C., and controlled drying of said methylthioninium chloride pentahydrate form A within its stability ranges of humidity, pressure and temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for inhibiting the growth of a microbe; treating a mammal having a microbial infection, malaria, mucositis, an ophthalmic infection, an otic infection, a cancer, or a Mycobacterium infection; killing or inhibiting the growth of a Plasmodium species; inhibiting the growth of a Mycobacterium species; modulating an immune response in a mammal; or antagonizing unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin, or a heparin/low molecular weight heparin derivative.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phenazine-3-one and phenothiazine-3-one derivative compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Process for preparing compounds of the diaminophenothiazinium type of formula (II) below. The products have a high degree of purity and are useful for the preparation of medicaments. In which the R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 groups having the same definition as in formula (I), and R representing a group chosen from: a phenyl or benzyl group, optionally substituted with one or more functions chosen from: a C1-C4 alkyl, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 haloalkyl and a nitro group, a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C8 alkyl group, a C1-C8 alkylamino group, a C1-C8 alkoxy group, a phenyloxy or benzyloxy group optionally substituted on the aromatic nucleus with one or more functions chosen from: a C1-C4 alkyl, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 haloalkyl and a nitro group, Z representing an atom chosen from O and S.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Described are methods of prepraing reduced 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazine (DAPTZ) compounds of formula: wherein: R1 and R9 are independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R3NA and R3NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R7NA and R7NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of HX1 and HX2 is independently a protic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These methods are particularly useful for producing stable reduced forms, and with high purity. The stability and purity are especially relevant for pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of disease. The compounds are useful for treatment of e.g. tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, and also as prodrugs for the corresponding oxidized thioninium drugs.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for preventing and treating viral infections are provided. In some embodiments, novel compounds broad-spectrum antiviral activity are provided. In more specific embodiments, the compounds and methods are effective against viruses such as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and respiratory viruses including the common cold.

Abstract: Process for preparing diaminophenothiazinium type compounds having a step for purification of derivatives (II). The diaminophenothiazinium type compounds having the following formula (I): in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 may be chosen, independently of the others, from the group constituted of: a hydrogen atom, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl groups, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more functions chosen from a halogen atom, and a C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl or —CONH2 function, aryl groups optionally substituted with one or more functions chosen from: a C1-C4 alkyl, a halogen atom, and a C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkyloxycarbonyl or —CONH2 function, in addition, each of R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 may be chosen, independently of the others, from the halogen atoms: F, Cl, Br and I, and X? represents an organic or inorganic anion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the improvement in organic electroluminescent devices by using compounds of the formula (1), in particular as hole-injection or hole-transport materials in a hole-injection or hole-transport layer.

Abstract: An amine derivative having a phenanthroimidazole group, an organic electroluminescence material, and an electroluminescence device, the amine derivative being represented by Formula 1, below:

Abstract: An arylamine compound and an organic electroluminescence device, the compound being represented by following Formula 1:

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions and uses thereof as antioxidants and/or neuroprotective agents for the treatment of medical conditions associated with oxidative stress and/or neural damage, such as, for example, neurological diseases, disorders and trauma, and hence in the treatment of CNS-associated diseases, disorders and trauma.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) material and an organic EL device, the organic EL material being represented by Formula 1, below:

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure can include a compound, a structure bonded to the compound, and the like. In an embodiment, the compound can be a linker between an agent and a structure, where the agent can be a dye or a pigment and the structure can be a fiber, hair, or another structure. In an embodiment, the compound can be a linker between an agent and a structure, where the agent can be a fluorinated compound and the structure can be a counter top, metal, or the like.

Abstract: This invention pertains generally to the field of phenothiazine compounds, and more particularly to certain stably reduced phenothiazine compounds, specifically, certain 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazine (DAPTZ) compounds of the following formula: wherein: each of R1 and R9 is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R3NA and R3NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R7NA and R7NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of HX1 and HX2 is independently a protic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These compounds are useful as drugs, for example, in the treatment of tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, and also as prodrugs for the corresponding oxidized thioninium drugs (for example, methylthioninium chloride, MTC).

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) material and an organic EL device including the same, the organic electroluminescence (EL) material being represented by following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: Described are methods of synthesizing and purifying certain 3,7-diamino-phenothiazin-5-ium compounds (referred to herein as “diaminophenothiazinium compounds”) including Methylhioninium Chloride (MTC) (also known as Methylene Blue). In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of, in order: a thiosulfonic acid formation (TSAF); an oxidative coupling (OC); and a ring closure (RC). Also described are resulting compounds and compositions comprising them (e.g., tablets, capsules) for use in methods of medical treatment and diagnosis, etc., for example, for tauopathies, or Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Abstract: The present disclosure encompasses compounds and compositions that are useful as specific AI-2 antagonists for the control of bacterial quorum sensing. Although the AI-2 antagonists according to the present disclosure may not have bactericidal effect, their ability to attenuate virulence, drug resistance, and/or biofilm formation have therapeutic benefits. In addition, the AI-2 antagonists of the present disclosure can also be used as tools to probe bacterial AI-2 functions. The present disclosure also encompasses methods for inhibiting or attenuating microbial virulence, biofilm formation, and drug resistance. The methods are suitable for preventing bacteria from accruing and forming extensive biofilms that may be a health or hygiene hazard or a physical issue, such as in the blockage of water or fuel lines.

Abstract: A compound for an organic optoelectronic device is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for identifying therapeutic agents that are multifunctional radical quenchers. It also provides compounds of formula (I), (II), or (II-A): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in a variety of applications, such as treatment or suppression of diseases associated with decreased mitochondrial function resulting in diminished ATP production and/or oxidative stress and/or lipid peroxidation.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of general formula (I): wherein: each of R1 and R9 is independently selected from: —H, C1-4alkyl, C2-4alkenyl, and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R3NA and R3NB is independently selected from: —H, C1-4alkyl, C2-4alkenyl, and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R7NA and R7NB is independently selected from: —H, C1-4alkyl, C2-4alkenyl, and halogenated C1-4alkyl; and wherein: each of RA and RB is independently selected from: C1-4alkyl, halogenated C1-4alkyl, and C6-10aryl; or RA and RB are linked to form a group selected from: C1-6 alkylene and C6-10 arylene; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful in the treatment of, for example, Alzheimer's disease. In other aspects the invention also relates to novel formulations of 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazinium salts.

Abstract: Described are methods of synthesis and/or purification of certain 3,7-diamino-phenothiazin-5-ium compounds (referred to herein as “diaminophenothiazinium compounds”) including Methylthioninium Chloride (MTC) (also known as Methylene Blue), the resulting (high purity) compounds, compositions comprising such compounds (e.g., tablets, capsules), and the use of such high purity compounds. The compounds are useful in inactivating pathogens, and methods of medical treatment, prophylaxis, and diagnosis of diseases including a tauopathy, related neurological and infectious diseases.

Abstract: Derivatives of phenothiazine, phenoxazine, and phenazine compounds and their use as ?-synuclein ligands are described. Also described are methods of using these compounds and their radiolabeled analogs for the detection, monitoring, and treatment of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photopolymer formulation comprising a polyol component, a polyisocyanate component, a writing monomer, and a photoinitiator, containing a coinitiator and a dye having the formula F An, where F stands for a cationic dye and An? stands for an anion, wherein the dye having the formula F An comprises a water absorption of =5%. The invention further relates to a holographic medium, in particular in the form of a film, containing a photopolymer formulation according to the invention, to the use of such a medium for recording holograms, and to a special dye that can be used in the photopolymer formulation according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions based on optical sensor conjugates that are useful for detecting reactive oxygen, reactive nitrogen, or both species that are a direct result of inflammation caused by tissue damage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to phenothiazine-base macromonomer compounds and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A method of forming a 3-phenylimino-3H-phenothiazine or a 3-phenylimino-3H-phenoxazine mediator includes providing a first reactant including phenothiazine or phenoxazine, providing a first solvent, providing a second reactant and providing a second solvent. The first reactant, first solvent, second reactant and second solvent are combined to form a reactants solution. Sodium persulfate is added to the reactants solution to couple the first and second reactants resulting in a reaction solution including the 3-phenylimino-3H-phenothiazine or the 3-phenylimino-3H-phenoxazine mediator.

Abstract: It is to provide a method for preserving an aqueous solution comprising a leuco chromogen, comprising adding at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene alkylamine and polyoxyethylene alkenylamine to the aqueous solution containing a leuco chromogen, and a method for stabilizing a leuco chromogen, comprising allowing the leuco chromogen to coexist in an aqueous solution comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene alkylamine and polyoxyethylene alkenylamine. The present invention provides a method for preserving an aqueous solution comprising a leuco chromogen for stably preserving the leuco chromogen in an aqueous solution and a method for stabilizing a leuco chromogen.

Abstract: Described is a method for the synthesis and/or purification of a high purity diaminophenothiazinium compound of the following formula: characterized by a purity of greater than 98% and less than 1% Azure B, 0.15% Azure A, 0.15% Azure C and 0.05% Methylene Violet Bernthsen (MVB), as impurities. Also described are related high purity compounds, compositions, and methods of using such compounds and compositions. The compounds and compositions are useful in the treatment of diseases caused by tau aggregation, such as Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, and infection.

Abstract: It is to provide a method for measuring glycated hemoglobin in a hemoglobin-containing sample, comprising: reacting glycated hemoglobin in the hemoglobin-containing sample with a proteolytic enzyme in the presence of at least one salt selected from the group consisting of a pyridinium salt, a phosphonium salt, an imidazolium salt, and an isoquinolinium salt; reacting the obtained reaction product with fructosyl peptide oxidase; and measuring the generated hydrogen peroxide. The present invention provides a method for accurately measuring glycated hemoglobin in a hemoglobin-containing sample.

Abstract: A method of forming a 3-phenylimino-3H-phenothiazine or a 3-phenylimino-3H-phenoxazine mediator includes providing a first reactant including phenothiazine or phenoxazine, providing a first solvent, providing a second reactant and providing a second solvent. The first reactant, first solvent, second reactant and second solvent are combined to form a reactants solution. Sodium persulfate is added to the reactants solution to couple the first and second reactants resulting in a reaction solution including the 3-phenylimino-3H-phenothiazine or the 3-phenylimino-3H-phenoxazine mediator.

Abstract: Process for preparing compounds of the diaminophenothiazinium type including a step for purification of derivatives (II). The products resulting from this process have a high degree of purity. Use of these compounds for the preparation of medicaments.