Abstract: Methylene Blue and the zinc chloride double salt thereof are prepared by using manganese dioxide as the oxidizing agent in the substantial absence of toxic dichromates.

Abstract: An aromatic urethane is obtained at high yield without involving corrosion of a stainless steel reactor by interacting an aromatic nitro compound, an organic compound having at least one hydroxyl group therein and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst composed of (1) palladium, ruthenium, rhodium or compounds thereof, (2) a Lewis acid, and (3) a tertiary amine. For instance, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, ethanol and carbon monoxide placed in a SUS-32 reactor are interacted in the presence of a catalyst composed of (1) 5% palladium on carbon, (2) ferric chloride, and (3) pyridine to obtain 2,4-diethyldicarbamatetoluene without corrosion of the reactor. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst and reaction product are separated from the reaction system; e.g., the insoluble catalyst is first separated and then the reaction solution is cooled down, e.g., to room temperature, to separate the reaction product as crystals, followed by separation of the crystals by filtration.

Abstract: Pyridines substituted in the 2- and 6-positions by an aromatic or heteroaromatic group are prepared by reacting an aromatic or heteroaromatic ketone having at least one reactive methylene group adjacent to the keto group with an aliphatic aldehyde and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: Aromatic urethanes are produced by interacting an aromatic nitro compound, an organic compound containing hydroxyl groups and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst composed of elemental selenium or a selenium compound and of a promoter composed of a bicyclic amidine together with a phenolic compound or a carboxylic acid. The interaction proceeds smoothly with the aid of a small amount of the promoter, attended with secondary production of amino compounds only in small amounts. For instance, 2,4-diethyldicarbamatetoluene is obtained at a yield of 87% by interacting 2,4-dinitrotoluene, ethanol and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytic system composed of metallic selenium, 1,8-diazabicyclo(5,4,0)-undecene-7 and acetic acid.

Abstract: A composition, device and method for determining the presence of a reducing agent, such as ascorbic acid, in a test sample are disclosed. The composition comprises certain thiazine and oxazine compounds which, in their oxidized state, are colored, but which become colorless when reduced by a reducing agent. The device comprises a carrier matrix incorporated with the composition, and the method comprises contacting a test sample with the composition device and observing any detectable response such as a color change.

Abstract: N.sup.2 -arylsulfonyl-L-argininamides and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have been found to be effective as pharmaceutical agents for the inhibition and suppression of thrombosis in mammals.

Abstract: N.sup.2 -arylsulfonyl-L-argininamides and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have been found to be effective as pharmaceutical agents for the inhibition and suppression of thrombosis in mammals.

Abstract: Indolyl methylene leuco dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently of the other, represent alkyl with 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl with at most 12 carbon atoms or phenylalkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 independently of the other, represent hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl, Z represents alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl with at most 12 carbon atoms, aryl, aralkyl or a heterocyclic residue and the rings A and B may be further substituted by cyano, nitro, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or acyl with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, said methylene compounds are particularly useful as slow developing color formers in pressure-sensitive recording material and exhibit good light and air stability.