Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing unsaturated aliphatic compounds from a hydrocarbon feed stream by contacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with an adsorbent comprising clay to produce a hydrocarbon effluent stream having a lower unsaturated aliphatic content relative to the hydrocarbon feed stream. The hydrocarbon feed stream comprises an aromatic compound, a nitrogen compound, and an unsaturated aliphatic compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing unsaturated aliphatic compounds from a hydrocarbon feed stream by contacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with activated carbon to produce a hydrocarbon effluent stream having a lower unsaturated aliphatic content relative to the hydrocarbon feed stream. The hydrocarbon feed stream comprises an aromatic compound, a nitrogen compound, and an unsaturated aliphatic compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing unsaturated aliphatic compounds from a hydrocarbon feed stream by contacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with an acidic molecular sieve to produce a hydrocarbon effluent stream having a lower unsaturated aliphatic content relative to the hydrocarbon feed stream. The hydrocarbon feed stream comprises an aromatic compound, a nitrogen compound, and an unsaturated aliphatic compound.

Abstract: Processes suitable for purifying aromatic-containing feed streams, and processes using such purified streams are described, wherein the purification processes comprise: (a) providing a process feedstream comprising an aromatic component; and (b) bringing the process feedstream into contact with a first zeolite and a second zeolite; wherein the first zeolite has a mean pore size of 0.3 to 0.5 nm, and wherein the second zeolite has a mean pore size of 0.6 to 0.8 nm.

Abstract: A process for separating methane from a natural gas mixture employs pressure swing adsorption in one or more vessels. Each vessel has an adsorbent material having a kinetic selectivity for contaminants over methane greater than 5. Contaminants within the natural gas mixture become gases kinetically adsorbed within the adsorbent material. The vessel is placed under pressure to cause contaminants to be adsorbed in the surfaces and micro-pores of the adsorbent material. The process includes releasing a product stream comprised at least 95% by volume methane from a first gas outlet in the vessel, and desorbing the contaminant gases from the adsorbent material by reducing the pressure within the vessel. The desorbing step is done without applying heat to the vessel, thereby delivering a waste gas stream comprised at least 95% by volume of the contaminant gases. An improved fractionation vessel having both major and minor flow channels is also provided.

Abstract: Processes and systems for treating an aromatic feed comprising an aromatic component and nitrogen-containing impurities, as well as processes and systems for preparing a reaction product of an aromatic component from an aromatic feed comprising the aromatic component and nitrogen-containing impurities, are provided herein. In an embodiment, a process for treating an aromatic feed comprising an aromatic component and nitrogen-containing impurities includes adsorbing a portion of the nitrogen-containing impurities from the aromatic feed to produce a treated aromatic feed comprising the aromatic component and residual nitrogen-containing impurities. The treated aromatic feed and water are mixed to produce a hydrated aromatic feed.

Abstract: A method of removing mercury from a fluid stream comprising contacting the fluid stream with a sorbent comprising cupric sulfide. The cupric sulfide is formed from direct sulfidation of copper carbonate, without thermal decomposition of the copper carbonate to an oxide, at a temperature less than about 150° C.

Abstract: A method of removing O2, CO, H2, mercury, and/or sulfur from a fluid stream using a sorbent comprising metallic copper. The metallic copper is formed from direct reduction of a supported copper oxysalt by exposure to a reducing agent at a temperature of between about 40° C. and about 220° C.

Abstract: A method of removing mercury and/or sulfur from a fluid stream comprising contacting the fluid stream with a sorbent comprising a core and a porous shell formed to include a plurality of pores extending therethrough and communicating with the core. The core comprises a copper compound selected from the group consisting of a basic copper oxysalt, a copper oxide, and a copper sulfide.

Abstract: A method of removing heterocyclic sulfide impurities from a fluid stream is presented. The method comprised contacting the fluid stream with a sorbent comprising metallic copper.

Abstract: Crystals of [VOBDC](H2BDC)0.71 were synthesized hydrothemally. The guest acid molecules were removed by heating in air to give high quality single crystals of VOBDC. VOBDC was observed to show crystal-to-crystal transformations on absorption of the guest molecules aniline, thiophene and acetone from the liquid phase. Accurate structural data of the guest molecules and framework deformations were obtained from single crystal X-ray data. VOBDC was also shown to absorb selectively thiophene and dimethyl sulphide from methane.

Abstract: A process for adsorption separation uses a solid IM-12 type adsorbent to separate a molecular species from any feed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for removing sulfur from a hydrocarbon fuel or fuel precursor feedstream, such as methods comprising contacting a hydrocarbon fuel or fuel precursor feedstream having a relatively low sulfur content with a sulfur sorbent material comprising an active copper component disposed on a zeolitic and/or mesoporous support under conditions sufficient to reduce the sulfur content by at least 20 wt % and/or to about 15 wppm or below, thus forming a hydrocarbon fuel product. In some advantageous embodiments, the contacting conditions can include a temperature of about 392° F. (about 200° C.) or less.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present disclosure describes methods for removing impurities from a hydrocarbon stream containing at least one vinyl aromatic compound such as, for example, styrene. The methods include pretreating at least one sorbent to make the at least one sorbent operable for adsorbing the impurities, contacting the hydrocarbon stream with the at least one sorbent in order to adsorb at least a portion of the impurities and separating the hydrocarbon stream from the at least one sorbent. Impurities include, for example, colored impurities, sulfur-containing impurities and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent layer that can act as an moisture sensitive fuel shut-off valve, absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent fabric or layer made of a superabsorbent particle or fiber. The web can comprise a nanofiber layer having dispersed within the nanofiber layer a super absorbent particulate and optionally a second particulate material that can act as an absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. Fluid, gas or liquid, that flows through or by the assemblies of the invention can have any gas, liquid or solid material dispersed or dissolved in the fluid interact with the super absorbent particulate. If needed these materials can also react with, be absorbed by, or adsorbed onto, the active particulate within the nanofiber layer.

Abstract: A method of purifying 8-isoprostane is provided that includes a step of contacting a liquid sample containing 8-isoprostane with an ion exchange support having a quaternary ammonium salt immobilized thereon such that 8-isoprostane in the liquid sample is retained on the ion exchange support and a step of eluting 8-isoprostane from the ion exchange support using a first eluent containing a water-soluble organic solvent and water as main components.

Abstract: Chemically combined chlorides are removed from intermediate and product streams of a hydrocarbon reforming process by contacting the streams with zeolite 13X, having a Si/Al ratio of less than 1.25.

Abstract: A process for the production and use of a molecular sieve blend with improved performance characteristics produced by preparing or obtaining a hydrophilic zeolite, particularly a hydrophilic zeolite 3A with a low SiO2:Al2O3 ratio, preparing or obtaining a hydrophobic silica binder, particularly a hydrophobic colloidal silica, mixing the zeolite with the silica binder to form a mixture, and forming the mixture into the molecular sieve blend.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing unsaturated aliphatic compounds from a hydrocarbon feed stream by contacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with an adsorbent comprising clay to produce a hydrocarbon effluent stream having a lower unsaturated aliphatic content relative to the hydrocarbon feed stream. The hydrocarbon feed stream comprises an aromatic compound, a nitrogen compound, and an unsaturated aliphatic compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing unsaturated aliphatic compounds from a hydrocarbon feed stream by contacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with activated carbon to produce a hydrocarbon effluent stream having a lower unsaturated aliphatic content relative to the hydrocarbon feed stream. The hydrocarbon feed stream comprises an aromatic compound, a nitrogen compound, and an unsaturated aliphatic compound.

Abstract: A mercury absorbent comprising a metal sulphide, a support material, a first binder and a second binder, wherein the first binder is a cement binder and the second binder is a high aspect ratio binder having an aspect ratio >2. A mercury removal process comprises contacting a mercury containing feed stream with the absorbent.

Abstract: A sulfur compound adsorbent for solvent extraction of coal and methods using the same to adsorb sulfur compounds and refine coal are provided. The adsorbent for solvent extraction of coal serves to remove sulfur compounds from an organic solvent containing a coal's combustible component resulting from solvent extraction of low-grade coal and is composed of any one or a mixture of two or more selected from among alkali earth metal oxide, alkali earth metal hydroxide, aluminum oxide and activated carbon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing organic silicon compounds from hydrocarbon streams by contact with an adsorbent and hydrogen. The adsorbent is composed of lamellar double hydroxides and group VI-B or group VIII hydrogenating metal. More specifically, the process of the present invention involves a stage of activation for formation of the lamellar double hydroxide, and maintaining the phase of lamellar double hydroxide by adding water.

Abstract: A method of removing impurities from heavy fuel includes providing a first stationary adsorption column. The method further includes packing adsorbent particles that have a particle size distribution wherein at least about 50% of the particles have a diameter greater than about 18 microns in the first column. The method further includes diluting heavy fuel with a solvent to form a solvent-fuel mixture, and supplying the solvent-fuel mixture through the first column to facilitate removing impurities from the mixture.

Abstract: A process for separating a feed F by simulated moving bed adsorption in a SMB device comprises external bypass lines Li/i+1 which directly connect two successive plates, Pi, Pi+1, the index “i” being either even or (exclusive of the foregoing) odd, along the whole length of the column, allowing said plates to be flushed, in which each of the bypass lines Li/i+1 comprises automated means for regulating the flow rate in the bypass lines, the bypass lines in certain cases being subject to a flushing flow during injection or withdrawal operations.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for producing polyolefins by one or more homogeneous or colloidal polymerization catalyst wherein residual catalyst is removed by using a solid sorbent.

Abstract: A method for treating a hydrocarbon solvent, the method comprising continuously introducing a hydrocarbon solvent to a liquid medium containing hydrogen ions; allowing the hydrocarbon solvent to be in contact with the liquid medium for at least 1 minute; continuously removing hydrocarbon solvent from the liquid medium to provide a treated hydrocarbon solvent stream.

Abstract: A process for removing trace-sulfur compounds, particularly thiophene, from aromatic hydrocarbon streams is disclosed and claimed. The process involves contacting the stream with a catalyst/adsorbent comprising a solid acid and a metal component. The process yields a sulfur-free aromatic feedstock suitable for further processing by, e.g., alkylation.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide is removed from streams by adsorption on an adsorption composition which comprises copper and zirconium oxides but no zinc oxide, which comprises from 70 to 99.8% by weight of copper oxide and from 0.2 to 30% by weight of zirconium oxide, based on the total amount of the adsorption composition.

Abstract: An improved process for the production capacity and feedstock handling flexibility of a simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process by introducing a second feed stream to the adsorbent chamber comprising a feed material of a different concentration of the desired compound than the concentration of the desired compound in the first feed material stream. The introduction of this second feed material stream may be performed at any location on the adsorbent chamber between (i) a transfer point located immediately upstream of the point of the raffinate material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber to (ii) a transfer point located immediately downstream of the point of extract material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber. A recycle stream may be introduced into the system at a location having a concentration similar to the concentration of the first feed material stream.

Abstract: A process for removing sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbonaceous gas mixture, which comprises contacting the hydrocarbonaceous gas mixture with an adsorber material comprising copper oxide on magnesium silicate as support material.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing Lewis bases act as poisons for molecular sieve catalysts used in oligomerisation reactions. A lowering of their presence in the feed prior to the contacting thereof with the molecular sieve brings a significant extension of catalyst life. Excessive elimination of these poisons may be disadvantageous. Lowering the levels of these catalyst poisons to more manageable concentrations is therefore preferred.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a porous metal organic framework comprising at least a first organic compound and, if appropriate, a second organic compound, in which at least the first organic compound is at least partially coordinated in a bidentate fashion to at least one metal ion, where the at least one metal ion is Mg(II) and the first organic compound is derived from formic acid and the second organic compound is derived from acetic acid, for storing or isolating methane. Furthermore, the invention relates to a porous metal organic framework based on magnesium formate and acetate and also its preparation.

Abstract: A method of separating a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane using a porous organic polymer material which includes non-planar monomeric building blocks linked by imide linkers wherein the polymer material selectively absorbs CO2. The polymer material can be chemically reduced to increase its selectivity toward CO2.

Abstract: ITQ-40 (INSTITUTO DE TECNOLOGÍA QUÍMICA number 40) is a new crystalline microporous material with a framework of tetrahedral atoms connected by atoms capable of bridging the tetrahedral atoms, the tetrahedral atom framework being defined by the interconnections between the tetrahedrally coordinated atoms in its framework. ITQ-40 can be prepared in silicate compositions with an organic structure directing agent. It has a unique X-ray diffraction pattern, which identifies it as a new material.

Abstract: The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent layer that can act as an moisture sensitive fuel shut-off valve, absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent fabric or layer made of a superabsorbent particle or fiber. The web can comprise a nanofiber layer having dispersed within the nanofiber layer a super absorbent particulate and optionally a second particulate material that can act as an absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. Fluid, gas or liquid, that flows through or by the assemblies of the invention can have any gas, liquid or solid material dispersed or dissolved in the fluid interact with the super absorbent particulate. If needed these materials can also react with, be absorbed by, or adsorbed onto, the active particulate within the nanofiber layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing a super-low sulfur gas oil blending component or a super-low sulfur gas oil composition having a sulfur content of less than 5 mass ppm, under relatively mild conditions, without greatly increasing the hydrogen consumption and without remarkably decreasing the aromatic content; and a super-low sulfur gas oil composition having a sulfur content of less than 5 mass ppm which exhibits a high heating value, is excellent in fuel economy and output power, and is free from an adverse effect on a sealing rubber member or the like used in the fuel injection system and thus does not cause the leakage of a fuel. A method for producing a super-low sulfur gas oil blending component or a super-low sulfur gas oil composition having a sulfur content of less than 5 mass ppm is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain embodiments is a method of removing a compound from a lubricating fluid comprising contacting the lubricating fluid with a solid medium having acrylamide functionality to absorb or adsorb the compound.

Abstract: Method of, and an apparatus for the removal of a sorbate component from a process stream comprising one or more sorbate components. Sorbate component(s) are captured using a sorbent. The loaded sorbent (200, 206, 228) is regenerated using solar thermal energy collected in a concentrated solar power system (10).

Abstract: Mixing small amounts of an inorganic halide, such as NaCl, to basic copper carbonate followed by calcination at a temperature sufficient to decompose the carbonate results in a significant improvement in resistance to reduction of the resulting copper oxide. The introduction of the halide can be also achieved during the precipitation of the carbonate precursor. These reduction resistant copper oxides can be in the form of composites with alumina and are especially useful for purification of gas or liquid streams containing hydrogen or other reducing agents. These reduction resistant copper oxides can function at near ambient temperatures.

Abstract: Processes and systems are disclosed that relate to the removal of impurities and separation the light olefins from an MTO product vapor stream. Specifically, the processes and systems relate to recovery of light olefins during regeneration of an adsorber in an oxygenate removal unit. Processes and systems for recovering light olefins during regeneration of an adsorber in an oxygenate removal unit can include recycling residual effluent stream to an upstream operation unit upstream of the oxygenate removal unit. Processes and systems for recovering light olefins during regeneration of an adsorber in an oxygenate removal unit can also include recycling residual effluent gas produced by depressurizing residual effluent in the first adsorber, as well as preferably venting an effluent gas from the first adsorber to a compressor upstream of the oxygenate removal unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing ?-olefin polymer, comprising polymerizing ?-olefins in the presence of a halogen atom-containing acid catalyst by use of an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 3-12 carbon atoms, which contains 5 to 95 mass % of ?-olefin, as a raw material; removing catalyst residue and halogen-containing compounds by bringing a product in the polymerization step into contact with an aluminum atom-containing inorganic solid treatment agent with or without deactivating the catalyst; and separating the ?-olefin polymer. According to this method, the catalyst residue and other halogen-containing compounds can be removed, without relying on aqueous deactivation and separation steps using an alkaline aqueous solution or the like, from a polymerization reaction product obtained by polymerization in the presence of a halogen-containing acid catalyst by use of an ?-olefin-containing liquid hydrocarbon as a raw material.

Abstract: Reactive phosphorus species can be removed or transferred from a hydrocarbon phase to a water phase in an emulsion breaking process by using a composition that contains water-soluble hydroxyacids. Suitable water-soluble hydroxyacids include, but are not necessarily limited to glycolic acid, gluconic acid, C2-C4 alpha-hydroxy acids, poly-hydroxy carboxylic acids, thioglycolic acid, chloroacetic acid, polymeric forms of the above hydroxyacids, poly-glycolic esters, glycolate ethers, and ammonium salt and alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof. The composition may optionally include a mineral acid to reduce the pH of the desalter wash water. A solvent may be optionally included in the composition. The invention permits transfer of reactive phosphorus species into the aqueous phase with little or no hydrocarbon phase undercarry into the aqueous phase. The composition is particularly useful in treating crude oil emulsions, and in removing calcium and other metals therefrom.

Abstract: Toxic substances such as heavy metals are extracted from a medium using a sorbent composition. The sorbent composition is derived by sulfidation of red mud, which contains hydrated ferric oxides derived from the Bayer processing of bauxite ores. Exemplary sulfidizing compounds are H2S, Na2S, K2S, (NH4)2S, and CaSx. The sulfur content typically is from about 0.2 to about 10% above the residual sulfur in the red mud. Sulfidized red mud is an improved sorbent compared to red mud for most of the heavy metals tested (Hg, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Se, Th, and U). Unlike red mud, sulfidized red mud does not leach naturally contained metals. Sulfidized red mud also prevents leaching of metals when mixed with red mud. Mixtures of sulfidized red mud and red mud are more effective for sorbing other ions, such as As, Co, Mn, and Sr, than sulfidized red mud alone.

Abstract: Method for preparation of an adsorbent that comprises successive shaping stages by co-granulation of a faujasite-type zeolite powder A, with a powder B that consists of alumina, whereby the ratio per unit of mass of the powder A in the mixture of powders A and B is between 10 and 70%, for treatment under water vapor and drying. The invention also relates to a process for adsorption of organic contaminants that contain at least one heteroatom and that are present in an olefinic feedstock that comprises at least 50% by volume of hydrocarbons, whereby this process comprises the stage for bringing the olefinic feedstock into contact with the adsorbent that is obtained by the preparation method according to the invention.

Abstract: The removal of fluoroalkanes from fluoroalkane-containing hydrocarbon streams, preferably C3 to C5 hydrocarbon streams. The fluoroalkane-containing hydrocarbon stream is contacted with an adsorbent containing a strong acid function, preferably a silica gel or a strong cation ion-exchange resin having sulfonic acid functionality.

Abstract: Systems and processes are provided that relate to the recovery of sorbates in processes utilizing temperature controlled adsorption. Sorbate recovery can include providing a temperature controlled adsorber that is undergoing a regeneration cycle after undergoing an adsorption cycle. The temperature controlled adsorber can have one or more adsorption flow passages and one or more heat transfer flow passages. The one or more adsorption flow passages can contain an adsorptive material coating with a sorbate adsorbed thereto. A heating fluid can be provided to the one or more heat transfer flow passages of the temperature controlled adsorber. A regeneration stream can be provided to the one or more adsorption flow passages of the temperature controlled adsorber. The adsorptive material coating can be regenerated by removing the sorbate from the temperature controlled adsorber to produce a regeneration effluent stream.

Abstract: A process for purifying monoterpenes, including the steps of: providing a monoterpene comprising alpha terpinene of about 90% or greater purity and comprising an oxygen-containing impurity compound selected from the group consisting of 1,8-cineole, 1,4,-cineole, and mixtures thereof; providing an activated silica gel preparative chromatographic column; contacting the monoterpene with the column, wherein the oxygen-containing impurity compounds are retained on the column; recovering monterpenes depleted of oxygen-containing impurity compounds from the column by applying a pressure above atmospheric from a gas source without the use of a solvent; and removing the oxygen-containing impurity compounds by contacting the column with an alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the selective separation of methane (“CH4”) from higher carbon number hydrocarbons (“HHC”s) in streams containing both methane and higher carbon number hydrocarbons (e.g. ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, etc.) utilizing a zeolitic imidazolate framework (“ZIF”) material. Preferably, the stream to be separated is fed to the present process in a substantially gaseous phase. In preferred embodiments, the current invention is utilized in a process to separate methane from higher carbon number hydrocarbons in natural gas streams.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process for removal of oxygenates from a paraffin-rich or olefin-rich paraffin stream which comprises passing a feed stream, comprising one or more C10 to C15 feed paraffins or C10 to C15 olefin-rich paraffin stream and one or more oxygenates through an adsorbent bed comprising one or more adsorbents selected from silica gel, activated alumina and sodium x zeolites to remove essentially all of said oxygenates; and recovering said paraffins. A second adsorbent bed may be employed to more thoroughly remove these oxygenates.