Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates generally to a method for separating olefins from paraffins. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a mixture comprising olefins and paraffins, providing a gas separation agent to associatively, reversibly and selectively bind the olefin and dissociating the olefin from the gas separation agent.

Abstract: Processes comprising: (a) providing a feed stream comprising a C4 compound having at least a nonaromatic C—C double bond or C—C triple bond; (b) contacting the feed stream with an adsorbent which has been activated at a temperature of 450 to 1000° C. comprising at least 3% by weight of aluminum oxide to remove one or more impurities from the feed stream; and (c) contacting the feed stream from which one or more impurities have been removed with a metathesis catalyst under metathesis reaction conditions to form a compound or a mixture of compounds having a nonaromatic C—C double bond or C—C triple bond.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a means to improve the production capacity and feedstock handling flexibility of a simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process by introducing a second feed stream to the adsorbent chamber, such second feed stream comprising a feed material of a different concentration of the desired compound than the concentration of such desired compound in the first feed material stream. The introduction of this second feed material stream may be performed at any location on the adsorbent chamber between (i) a transfer point located immediately upstream of the point of the raffinate material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber to (ii) a transfer point located immediately downstream of the point of extract material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber. The specific transfer point used for the introduction of the second feed material stream will depend upon the concentration of the desired component in the second feed material stream.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing polyisobutene having a low halogen content, in which isobutene is polymerized in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a halogenated Lewis acid, the catalyst is removed and/or deactivated, and the resulting polyisobutene is contacted with a zeolite of an average pore size of from 5 to 15 ?.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for refining the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in a commercial scale. The process comprises: sequentially performing fine desulfurization and mercaptan conversion of the LPG after alcohol amine treatment through desulfurizer and catalyst set in fixed bed reactor in the absence of alkali, wherein, during the fine desulfurization, the resultants of reaction between hydrogen sulfide in the LPG and Fe—Ca oxides or their hydrates adhered on the desulfurizer, and during the mercaptan conversion, the mercaptan in the LPG reacts with the residual trace amount of air in the LPG under the action of the catalyst to produce the disulfides; letting the formed disulfides along with the LPG flow out of the fixed bed reactor; rectifying the LPG after the mercaptan conversion to obtain the refined LPG products, with further rectification to obtain the valuable disulfide products.

Abstract: A method for improving performance of an engine comprising contacting contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising an initial concentration of DRA with one or more effective DRA removal agent under conditions effective to produce decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising a reduced concentration of the DRA, and feeding the decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel to the engine.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for removing drag reducer additive (“DRA”) from liquid hydrocarbon fuel. The method comprises: providing contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising an initial concentration of DRA; contacting the contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel with a quantity of fresh attapulgus clay under conditions effective to produce decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising a reduced concentration of the DRA; said fresh attapulgus clay being effective to remove about 10% or more of a target DRA when 1 g of the fresh attapulgus clay is added in increments of from about 0.02 gram to about 0.1 gram, with agitation, to 100 ml. of contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising from about 8 to about 9 ppm of the unsheared target DRA.

Abstract: At lower temperatures an acidic molecular sieve adsorbent preferentially adsorbs water and basic organic nitrogen compounds over weakly basic organic nitrogen compounds such as nitrites. Elevated temperatures improve the capacity of acidic molecular sieve adsorbents to adsorb nitrites in the presence of water.

Abstract: A novel process effective for the removal of organic sulfur compounds, organic nitrogen compounds and light olefins from liquid hydrocarbons is disclosed. The process more specifically addresses the removal of these contaminants from aromatic compounds including benzene and toluene and from naphtha. The liquid hydrocarbons are contacted with a blend of at least one metal oxide and an acidic zeolite. Preferably, the metal oxide comprises nickel oxide and molybdenum oxide and the acidic zeolite is acidic stabilized zeolite Y. This blend has a significant capacity for adsorption of impurities and can be regenerated by oxidative treatment.

Abstract: A process for making a selectively branched alcohol composition contacting a lower olefin feed comprising linear olefins having at least 3 carbon atoms and a concentration of phosphorous-containing compounds with a sorbent comprising a metal or metal oxide on a support, thereby substantially reducing the concentration of phosphorous-containing compounds and producing a purified lower olefin feed. The purified lower olefin feed is skeletally isomerized and then treated to selectively hydrogenate dienes before hydroformylation to produce selectively branched alcohols.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the removal of nitrogen and sulfur containing impurities from high molecular weight petroleum feedstock obtained from fluid cracking catalyst or distillation zone of a petroleum treatment plant. The present process comprises first treating C12 and higher hydrocarbon petroleum feedstock having nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds therein with a porous, particulate adsorbent comprising a silica matrix having an effective amount of metal atoms therein to cause the adsorbent to have Lewis acidity of at least 500 ?mol/g and then treating the resultant feedstock to catalytic hydrodesulfurization to produce a hydrocarbon fuel having low sulfur and nitrogen content.

Abstract: The application relates to a method for selecting drag reducer additive (DRA) effectively removable by activated carbons and graphites to be used in fuel. The appliction also relates to effective activated carbons and graphites for removing DRA from fuel, and to a method of using effective activated carbons and graphites to remove DRA from fuel.

Abstract: A process for removal of trace impurities of hydrides of arsenic, phosphorus, antimony, silicon, and boron and sulfur and oxygenates and compounds containing these impurities from a hydrocarbon stream comprising contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent material selected from the group consisting of zeolites and promoted alumina to adsorb compounds containing sulfur and/or oxygenates, contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent material comprising one or more active metal oxides to remove the hydrides and contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent material that removes water.

Abstract: A process for adsorptive desulfurization of gasoline or diesel oil or aromatics lower than C12 containing organic sulfide impurities, wherein these feedstocks contact an amorphous alloy adsorbent comprising nickel as a major active component in a fluidized bed reactor or a magnetic-stabilized fluidized bed reactor or a slurry bed reactor. There is only a single diffuse peak at 2?=45° in the 2? range from 20° to 80° in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the adsorbent. The adsorbent consists of 50-95 wt % of nickel, 1-30 wt % of aluminum, 0-35 wt % of iron, and 0-10 wt % of one or more metals selected from copper, zinc, molybdenum, chromium, and cobalt.

Abstract: Polyisobutenes are prepared by cationic polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-containing hydrocarbon streams in the liquid phase in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, the catalytic activity of the boron trifluoride being partially or completely eliminated at a desired time by means of a solid deactivator, by a process in which the solid deactivator has boron trifluoride-binding primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary nitrogen atoms and is insoluble in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for removal of carbonyl sulfide from a hydrocarbon, which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon stream containing carbonyl sulfide with an adsorbent and then regenerating the adsorbent by passing a heated gas, containing a hydrolyzing agent. The adsorbent that is regenerated by using this process retains at least 70% of its capacity for adsorption of sulfur as compared to fresh adsorbent.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the preparation of petroleum hydrocarbon solvent with improved color stability from crude oils having high concentration of nitrogenous compounds which comprises passing said petroleum hydrocarbon stream containing substantial amount of nitrogenous compounds over a column of molecular sieves modified clays at ambient to elevated temperature and pressure maintaining the feed in the liquid state, thereby obtaining the petroleum hydrocarbon stream with desired color stability.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal cation that is adapted to form &pgr;-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by &pgr;-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: The invention includes a compositon of matter comprising a heavy oil having dispersed therein surface modified solid wherein said surface modified solids comprise solids having adsorbed thereon air oxidized polar hydrocarbons from said heavy oil and wherein said surface modified solids have a diameter of about 10 microns or less and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A process is described for removing polar compounds from an aromatic feedstock which contains polar compounds. The process comprises contacting the feedstock in an adsorption zone at a temperature of less than or equal to 130° C. with an adsorbent selective for the adsorption of said polar compounds and comprising a molecular sieve having surface cavities with cross-sectional dimensions greater than 5.6 Angstroms. A treated feedstock substantially free of said polar compounds can then be fed to an alkylation zone for contact under liquid phase alkylation conditions with an alkylating agent in the presence of an alkylation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the removal of trace metals from a hydrocarbon stream includes contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an absorbent material comprising antimony pentoxide supported on an absorbent substrate. The hydrocarbon product is then withdrawn from the absorbent material to provide a purified product in which 99.5 wt. % of the trace metal has been removed. Preparation of the antimony pentoxide-promoted absorbent entails treating a particulate porous substrate with an aqueous solution of antimony pentoxide. The absorbent substrate has an average particle size within the range of 1-5 mm and an average pore volume within the range of 0.7-0.85 cubic centimeters per gram. At least 80% of the surface area of the support is contained within the internal pore volume of the absorbent. The absorbent support is contacted with the antimony pentoxide solution.

Abstract: CuY and AgY zeolites as selective sorbents for desulfurization of liquid fuels. Thiophene and benzene were used as the model system, and vapor phase isotherms were measured. Compared with NaY, CuY and AgY adsorbed significantly larger amounts of both thiophene and benzene at low pressures. It is hypothesized that this is due to &pgr;-complexation with Cu+ and Ag+. On a per-cation basis, more thiophene was adsorbed by Cu+ than by Ag+, e.g., 0.92 molecule/Cu+ versus 0.42 molecule/Ag+ at 2×10−5 atm and 120° C. Molecular orbital calculations confirmed the relative strengths of &pgr;-complexation: thiophene>benzene and Cu+>Ag+. The experimental heats of adsorption for &pgr;-complexation are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The invention further comprises a process and sorbents for removal of aromatics from hydrocarbons.

Abstract: CuY and AgY zeolites as selective sorbents for desulfurization of liquid fuels. Thiophene and benzene were used as the model system, and vapor phase isotherms were measured. Compared with NaY, CuY and AgY adsorbed significantly larger amounts of both thiophene and benzene at low pressures. It is hypothesized that this is due to &pgr;-complexation with Cu+ and Ag+. On a per-cation basis, more thiophene was adsorbed by Cu+ than by Ag+, e.g., 0.92 molecule/Cu+ versus 0.42 molecule/Ag+ at 2×10−5 atm and 120° C. Molecular orbital calculations confirmed the relative strengths of &pgr;-complexation: thiophene>benzene and Cu+>Ag+. The experimental heats of adsorption for &pgr;-complexation are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The invention further comprises a process and sorbents for removal of aromatics from hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process of removing phosphorous-containing impurities and preferably also dienes, from an olefin stream using a sorbent selected from the group consisting of an acidic ion exchange resin, an acidic zeolite, an acidic alumina, a neutral alumina, and an activated carbon. The olefin stream preferably comprises primarily olefins having at least 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A new method for removing HF and related organic fluorides from fluid streams in which the fluoride species exist as impurities and, in particular, from hydrocarbon fluid streams containing no more than about 1.0% by weight total combined fluorides. The method consists of contacting the fluid stream with an adsorbent consisting essentially of activated alumina that has been treated with a promoter material selected from the oxides and phosphates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and mixtures thereof. This is preferably accomplished by providing a suitable absorber vessel charged with the adsorbent to form a fixed bed, and then conducting the fluoride-contaminated fluid through the fixed bed, either in a downflow or an upflow manner.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for eliminating arsenic from a hydrocarbon cut in which said cut is brought into contact with an absorption mass that is at least partially pre-sulfurized and comprises a support and lead oxide. The support, for example alumina, or said mass preferably has a specific surface area in the range 10 to 300 m2/g, a total pore volume in the range 0.2 to 1.2 cm3/g and a macroporous volume in the range 0.1 to 0.5 cm3/g. The lead content of said mass, expressed as lead oxide, is preferably in the range of 5% to 50% by weight. The fraction of the sulfurized mass preferably represents at least {fraction (1/20)}th of the total volume of the absorption mass.

Abstract: A process is described for removing polar compounds from an aromatic feedstock which contains polar compounds and which is then used in an alkylation process. The process comprises contacting the feedstock in an adsorption zone at a temperature of less than or equal to 130° C. with an adsorbent selective for the adsorption of said polar compounds and comprising a molecular sieve having pores and/or surface cavities with cross-sectional dimensions greater than 5.6 Angstroms. A treated feedstock substantially free of said polar compounds is withdrawn from the adsorption zone and fed to an alkylation zone for contact under liquid phase alkylation conditions with an alkylating agent in the presence of an alkylation catalyst.

Abstract: CuY and AgY zeolites as selective sorbents for desulfurization of liquid fuels. Thiophene and benzene were used as the model system, and vapor phase isotherms were measured. Compared with NaY, CuY and AgY adsorbed significantly larger amounts of both thiophene and benzene at low pressures. It is hypothesized that this is due to &pgr;-complexation with Cu+ and Ag+. On a per-cation basis, more thiophene was adsorbed by Cu+ than by Ag+, eg. 0.92 molecule/Cu+ versus 0.42 molecule/Ag+ at 2×10−5 atm and 120° C. Molecular orbital calculations confirmed the relative strengths of &pgr;-complexation: thiophene>benzene and Cu+>Ag+. The experimental heats of adsorption for &pgr;-complexation are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The invention further comprises a process and sorbents for removal of aromatics from hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for eliminating halogen-containing compounds contained in a gas or a liquid, characterized in that the gas or liquid is brought into contact with a composition based on an alumina and/or a hydrated alumina and at least one compound (A) comprising at least one metallic element selected from metals from groups VIII, IB and/or IIB of the periodic table, and in that the total metallic element(s) content is at most 45% by weight with respect to the total composition weight, the complement by weight preferably comprising in a major part alumina and/or hydrated alumina.

Abstract: During the regeneration of a sulfurized sorbent comprising zinc aluminate, a promoter metal and zinc sulfide by contact with an oxygen-containing stream to convert at least a portion of said zinc sulfide to zinc oxide the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone is controlled within the range of from about 0.1 to about 10 psig to minimize sulfation of the sorbent.

Abstract: The invention includes a compositon of matter comprising a heavy oil having dispersed therein surface modified solid wherein said surface modified solids comprise solids having adsorbed thereon air oxidized polar hydrocarbons from said heavy oil and wherein said surface modified solids have a diameter of about 10 microns or less and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: An improved process for recovering hydrocarbons from an inlet inert gas-hydrocarbon vapor mixture is provided. The inlet mixture is caused to flow through a first bed of solid adsorbent whereby hydrocarbon vapors are adsorbed on the bed and a residue gas stream comprised of substantially hydrocarbon-free inert gas is produced. The hydrocarbon-free inert gas is vented and a second bed of solid adsorbent having hydrocarbon vapors adsorbed thereon is evacuated with an ejector operated by a motive liquid. A major portion of the hydrocarbon vapors is desorbed from the bed and an inert gas and hydrocarbon-rich vapor mixture commingled with the motive liquid is produced. The inert gas and hydrocarbon-rich vapor mixture is separated from the motive liquid and conducted to a point of additional processing or disposal.

Abstract: A process for separating hydrocarbon isomers in gas phase on molecular sieves, including feeding mixtures of hydrocarbon isomers to a primary adsorption column configured to adsorb isomers with a greater selectivity towards the molecular sieves, feeding effluent from the primary adsorption column to a secondary adsorption column configured to adsorb remaining isomers with a greater selectivity towards the molecular sieves and discharge a stream containing isomers with a lower selectivity towards the molecular sieves, feeding desorbing agent to a desorption column configured to discharge a stream containing isomers with a greater selectivity towards the molecular sieves and the desorbing agent, feeding the stream from the secondary adsorption column to a distillation unit configured to recover the desorbing agent for recycling to the desorption column, feeding the stream from the desorption column to another distillation unit configured to recover the desorbing agent for recycling to the desorption column.

Abstract: A process for producing styrene by oxidative dehydrogentation of ethylbenzene, wherein the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene is conducted through at least the following steps (1) to (3), whereby styrene can be produced in a high yield by controlling the lowering of the selectivity of an oxidation catalyst in hydrogen oxidation by removing an alkaline substance contained in the reaction mixture to be fed to step (2) beforehand: step (1): a step of dehydrogenating ethylbenzene in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst to obtain a reaction mixture containing styrene and hydrogen; step (2): a step of bringing the reaction mixture into contact with an oxidation catalyst to selectively oxidize the hydrogen contained in the mixture, thereby forming water; step (3): a step of bringing the oxidized mixture into contact with a dehydrogenation catalyst to dehydrogenate the unreacted ethylbenzene contained in the mixture, thereby obtaining styrene.

Abstract: Akylation product is contacted with a purification medium in a liquid phase pre-reaction step to remove impurities and form a purified stream. The purified stream may then be further processed by liquid phase transalkylation to convert the polyalkylated aromatic compound to a monoalkylated aromatic compound. The process may use a large pore molecular sieve catalyst such as MCM-22 as the purification medium in the pre-reaction step because of its high reactivity for alkylation, strong retention of catalyst poisons and low reactivity for oligomerization under the pre-reactor conditions. Olefins, diolefins, styrene, oxygenated organic compounds, sulfur containing compounds, nitrogen containing compounds and oligomeric compounds are removed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for eliminating arsenic from a hydrocarbon cut in which said cut is brought into contact with an absorption mass that is at least partially pre-sulphurized and comprises a support and lead oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for adsorption of polymerization inhibitors from ethylenically unsaturated monomers, in which these inhibitors are placed in contact with an alumina exhibiting a volume of pores of diameter greater than 100 Å of at least 0.20 ml/g, preferably of at least 0.25 ml/g, still more preferably of at least 0.30 ml/g, and a specific surface of at least 30 m2/g, preferably of at least 60 m2/g, still more preferably of at least 80 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention is a process to remove a major portion of metals and coke precursors from a hydrocarbon stream. The steps of the process include contacting the feedstream with a hydrocarbon insoluble adsorbent, recovering the oil which does not adsorb and removing the metals and coke precursors from the adsorbent.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing olefins from aromatic compounds or mixtures of aromatic compounds wherein the catalyst is a naturally acidic smectite clay containing exchangeable cations wherein the naturally acidic smectite clay has a cation exchange capacity of 40 to 80 meq./100 g. and wherein the exchangeable cations include 5 to 70 meq./100 g. of Al.sup.3+ cations, a process for the preparation of this catalyst including treating a naturally acidic smectite clay with an aluminum salt solution wherein the salt solution includes Al.sup.3+ ions at a concentration of at least 10 meq./100 g. of the catalyst, and a process for the removal of olefins from aromatic compounds or mixtures of aromatic compounds using the above-described catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst is described on the basis of acid-activated smectitic clay minerals for removing olefins from aromatic compounds or mixtures of aromatic compounds which is characterized in that the acid-activated clay mineral contains at least 5 milli-equivalents/100 g of exchangeable Al.sup.3+ cations.

Abstract: Process for selectively removing oxygenated contaminants from streams prevalently containing hydrocarbons with from 3 to 8 carbon atoms characterized in that it comprises an adsorption step wherein said contaminants are adsorbed by an adsorbent essentially consisting of silica gel at a temperature of between 0 and 150.degree. C. and a pressure of between 1 and 20 atms and a regeneration step for removing the adsorbed substances by thermal treatment in a stream of insert gas carried out at a temperature of between 100 and 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for selectively removing nitrogenated and/or sulfurated contaminants from streams prevalently containing hydrocarbons with from 3 to 8 crbon atoms characterized in that it comprises an adsorption step wherein said contaminants are adsorbed by an adsorbent essentially consisting of silica gel at a temperature of between 0 and 150.degree. C. and at a pressure of between 1 and 20 atm and a regeneration step to remove the adsorbed substances by thermal treatment in a stream of insert gas carried out at a temperature of between 100 and 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for converting methane to ethane and ethylene through oxidative coupling of methane and carbon conservation has been developed. The process begins by contacting methane and an oxygen-containing stream with an oxidative coupling catalyst that is capable of reacting with carbon oxides to form a solid carbonate compound in an oxidative coupling reactor to produce an effluent containing methane, ethane, and ethylene. The solid carbonate compounds are thermally decomposed to the oxidative coupling catalyst by reaction with hot hydrogen. The oxidative coupling catalyst is then available for reuse and a stream containing hydrogen and carbon oxide by-products are produced. The stream containing hydrogen and carbon oxide by-products is contacted with a methanation catalyst in a methanation reactor to produce a stream containing methane and water. The methane is separated, dried, and recycled to the oxidative coupling reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing hydrogen halides from hydrocarbon-containing streams. More particularly, the invention relates to a process and an HCl sorbent for the removal of HCl and other hydrogen halides from hydrocarbon streams to prevent the formation of green oils. The sorbent has an increased capacity for the sorption of HCl and a reduced catalytic activity for the formation of green oils which, surprisingly, results from the pre-loading of water on a sodium promoted alumina adsorbent. The pre-loading of water on the sodium promoted alumina adsorbent in the range of about 5 to about 11 percent of the essentially water-free adsorbent increases the HCl sorption capacities by about 25% with a corresponding decrease in catalytic reactivity.

Abstract: A method for the desulfurization of hydrocarbons by desulfurizing unsaturated hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon materials containing unsaturated hydrocarbons, in the presence or absence of hydrogen, using a copper-zinc desulfurizing agent prepared by the co-precipitation method. By this method, the sulfur content of the hydrocarbons can be reduced while suppressing hydrogenation of the unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Phosphates can be removed from a hydrocarbon stream by contacting said stream with a ceramic formed of a basic material which is insoluble in the hydrocarbon stream. A ceramic as used in this patent document is a solid solution formed by calcination of a compound. The removal of the organic acid is accomplished at temperatures ranging from 20.degree. C. to 400.degree. C., a preferred temperature is between 200.degree. C. and 370.degree. C. A hydrocarbon stream consists of C.sub.5 + hydrocarbons. The basic material can be made up of one or more alkaline earth oxides, alkaline earth compounds, alkaline metal compounds, group IIIA element compounds, group IVA element compounds, group VIA element compounds. Preferred alkaline earth oxides are sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, aluminum and silicon. The support for the basic material can be made from any inorganic oxide.

Abstract: An adsorption/desorption process for selectively removing nitriles from a hydrocarbon feedstock includes the steps of: (a) providing a hydrocarbon feedstock having a nitrile content of less than or equal to about 400 ppm; (b) providing an adsorbent for selective removal of nitrile from a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a substantially homogeneous mixture of a cationic nonacidic zeolite and an inorganic oxide matrix, the zeolite having an accessibility index of between about 0.1 to about 0.4; (c) contacting the feedstock and the adsorbent at nitrile adsorption conditions whereby at least about 80% of the nitrile content is adsorbed by the adsorbent during contact with at least about 200 volumes of the feedstock per volume of the adsorbent so as to provide a used adsorbent having nitrile molecules adsorbed thereon; and (d) contacting the used adsorbent with a desorbent at desorption conditions so as to remove the nitrile molecules and provide a renewed adsorbent.

Abstract: An adsorbent product for the adsorption of trace elements of sulfur, arsenic, mercury, compounds which contain these elements or metal hydrides from a hydrocarbon gas stream, preferably an olefinic or paraffinic stream, wherein the adsorbent product is iron oxide and manganese oxide placed on a support material, preferably aluminum oxide. Also disclosed is a process for the use of this adsorbent product for the removal of trace elements of arsenic, mercury and sulfur or compounds containing those elements or metal hydrides from a hydrocarbon gas stream, preferably an olefinic or paraffinic gas stream.

Abstract: Lead impurities are removed from a liquid hydrocarbon stream by contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent, which has been prepared by contacting the adsorbent with an organohalide under conditions which cause the organohalide to decompose; thus, producing an adsorbent containing hydrogen halide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalytic reaction of an aromatic stream wherein a guard bed for the removal of nitrogen compounds from the aromatic hydrocarbon stream comprising the nitrogen compounds is provided to contact the hydrocarbon stream with a selective adsorbent having an average pore size less than about 5.5 Angstroms to produce a treated feedstream essentially free of the nitrogen compound. The selective adsorbent is a molecular sieve selected from the group consisting of pore closed zeolite 4A, zeolite 4A, zeolite 5A, silicalite, F-silicalite, ZSM-5 and mixtures thereof. The invention provides significant cost advantages when the feedstream is subject to slugs or surges in levels of nitrogen compounds which can be detrimental to downstream acid catalysts as found in aromatic conversion reactions.