Abstract: A source assembly for providing light. The source assembly comprises a source element array, and a scanning mirror assembly. The source element array includes a super luminous diode (SLED) array of SLEDs that are configured to emit light. The SLED array is on a single chip. Each SLED in the SLED array may emit light in the same color channel (e.g., green). There may be multiple SLED arrays that each are on respective chips and each are associated with a different color channel (e.g., one is red, one is blue, and one is green). The scanning mirror assembly is configured to scan light emitted from the SLED array (and/or multiple SLED arrays) to an entrance location of an output waveguide (e.g., of a waveguide display) as scanned image light.

Abstract: Providing neuroprotective therapy for glaucoma includes generating a micropulsed laser light beam having parameters and characteristics, including pulse length, power, and duty cycle, selected to create a therapeutic effect with no visible laser lesions or tissue damage to the retina. The laser light beam is applied to retinal and/or foveal tissue of an eye having glaucoma or a risk of glaucoma to create a therapeutic effect to the retinal and/or foveal tissue exposed to the laser light beam without destroying or permanently damaging the retinal and/or foveal tissue and improve function or condition of an optic nerve and/or retinal ganglion cells of the eye.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite compact-type fat decomposition device, which is characterized in that fat in the epidermis of the skin is decomposed by a beam radiated from LEDs (310), fat in the dermis of the skin is decomposed by a beam radiated from a laser tube (100), and fat in the hypodermis of the skin is decomposed by a high frequency generated by an RF plate.

Abstract: Harvested stem cells are activated by treating them with an amplitude modulated laser beam having a wavelength lying in the range of 405 to 980 nanometers. The frequency of the laser beam is modulated within a range of 8 to 12 MHz. Using the activated stem cells, tissue can be repaired and regenerated by preparing the unactivated stem cells, treating the unactivated stem cells with an amplitude modulated laser beam having a pre-determined frequency for obtaining activated stem cells, administering the activated stem cells into a body containing the tissue, and using a homing beam to guide the activated stem cells within the body to the location of the tissue.

Abstract: A skin treatment device (100) comprises: —a housing (101); —a treatment action performer (110) arranged within the housing (101) for performing a treatment action on the user's skin (2); —a speed sensor (120) for sensing a relative speed between the housing and the user's skin; —a speed feedback signalling device (400); —a control device (140) receiving an output signal from the speed sensor. The control device controls the speed feedback signalling device if the output signal received from the speed sensor is outside a tolerated displacement speed range (R). The tolerated displacement speed range is adapted to the skills of the user to move the device over the skin surface with a constant speed. If the user's skills are relatively low, the control device increases the magnitude of the tolerated displacement speed range.

Abstract: An interstitial laser therapy control system is disclosed. The control system includes a thermistor controller apparatus, a microprocessor, a storage device, at least one input device, a display, an electro-mechanical shutter switch, an electro-mechanical emergency shutoff switch, and an electro-mechanical master power switch. The microprocessor is configured to monitor temperatures detected by one or more thermistors connected to the thermistor controller. Based on the temperatures, the microprocessor determines when treatment has been successful and when application of laser energy needs to be halted. The control system also enables an operator to pause and resume treatment using the input device. The electro-mechanical shutter switch sends a signal to a laser source to close a shutter on the laser. The electro-mechanical emergency stop button causes power to be cut off to the laser source.

Abstract: A system includes a chamber, a laser beam apparatus configured to generate a laser beam to be introduced into the chamber, a laser controller for the laser beam apparatus to control at least a beam intensity and an output timing of the laser beam, and a target supply unit configured to supply a target material into the chamber, the target material being irradiated with the laser beam for generating extreme ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A visual prosthesis apparatus and a method for limiting power consumption in a visual prosthesis apparatus. The visual prosthesis apparatus comprises a camera for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the camera, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a retinal stimulation system configured to stop stimulating neural tissue in a subject's eye based on the stimulation patterns when an error is detected in a forward telemetry received from the video processing unit.

Abstract: A laser ionization therapy assembly having a reservoir defined by a peripheral wall and a base; a support device having a support coupling member and a support opening; and a laser module accommodating a laser diode, the laser module having an opening and a laser module coupling member, wherein the support device is fixedly attached to the peripheral wall of the reservoir and the laser module is detachably coupled thereto, wherein the laser diode is positioned at an angle relative to the base of the reservoir so that laser light is directed through the openings of the laser module and support device to a predetermined location within the reservoir at a height of between ½ inch to 1 inch above the base, and wherein the laser light has a wavelength of between about 630 and 640 nm and a peak power of about 10 mW.

Abstract: A steerable laser probe may include a handle, and inner bore of the handle, an actuation structure of the handle, a housing tube, and an optic fiber disposed within the inner bore of the handle and the housing tube. The housing tube may include a first housing tube portion having a first stiffness and a second housing tube portion having a second stiffness. The second stiffness may be greater than the first stiffness. A surgeon may aim the steerable laser probe by varying a rotational position of the handle and an amount of compression of the actuation structure.

Abstract: A system and method for treating ophthalmic target tissue, including a light source for generating a beam of light, a beam delivery system that includes a scanner for generating patterns, and a controller for controlling the light source and delivery system to create a dosimetry pattern of the light beam on the ophthalmic target tissue. One or more dosage parameters of the light beam vary within the dosimetry pattern, to create varying exposures on the target tissue. A visualization device observes lesions formed on the ophthalmic target tissue by the dosimetry pattern. The controller selects dosage parameters for the treatment beam based upon the lesions resulting from the dosimetry pattern, either automatically or in response to user input, so that a desired clinical effect is achieved by selecting the character of the lesions as determined by the dosimetry pattern lesions.

Abstract: Tweezers, in particular for handling histological preparations, preferably thin tissue specimens, with two limbs connected elastically at one end, and with tips formed at the other, free end of the limbs and together forming an engagement area, wherein a central area serves for holding and actuating the limbs in order to bring the tips into contact with each other, are characterized in that the tips and/or the connection area of the limbs are designed as a housing with a storage medium for storing energy, and in that the storage medium directly or indirectly heats the engagement area or the tips to a predefined temperature.

Abstract: A system for treating, in particular cleansing, wounds with a fluid jet. The system includes a handpiece with a main body with a front end with an emergence opening for the emergence of the fluid jet. The system furthermore has at least one light-emitting light source, which irradiates aerosols created when cleansing the wound. The system enables wound cleansing with simultaneous decontamination of the aerosols created in the process such that the risk of contamination of the surroundings is reduced and preferably with simultaneously treating the wound with UV light.

Abstract: A system and method for recuperating cell metabolism, which comprises an energy wave generator has an energy wave's frequency control mode. The energy wave's frequency control mode includes multiple controls for acting the energy wave generator to generate and emit energy waves each with a corresponding energy density. The energy density is calculated by a corresponding base frequency, a sweep bandwidth of the corresponding base frequency, an emission rate and a total time of emission in a duty cycle, so that the energy waves with the corresponding energy densities effecting on the body of animals or human to improve the function of cell metabolism.

Abstract: A medical apparatus includes a treatment device configured to be capable of treating a subject by applying energy to the subject, an optical fiber including a light emitting face for emitting light into the subject, the optical fiber being connected to the treatment device, and a shield portion that is disposed in front of the light emitting face of the optical fiber, the shield portion being configured to expose the light emitting face when the treatment device does not perform a treatment operation and to shield the light emitting face when the treatment device performs the treatment operation.

Abstract: Unactivated stem cells are activated by treating them with an amplitude modulated laser beam having a wavelength lying in the range of 405 to 980 nanometers. The laser beam is modulated within a range of 8 to 12 MHz. Using the activated stem cells, tissue can be repaired and regenerated by preparing the unactivated stem cells, treating the unactivated stem cells with an amplitude modulated laser beam having a pre-determined frequency for obtaining activated stem cells, administering the activated stem cells into a body containing the tissue, and using a homing beam to guide the activated stem cells within the body to the location of the tissue.

Abstract: Methods of altering the rate of axonal transport are provided in several embodiments. Some embodiments alter axonal transport in a patient in need of an enhancement of axonal transport to alleviate symptoms of a disease or injury. The methods further include delivering electromagnetic radiation to at least one portion of the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nervous system of a patient sufficient to effect an alteration in axonal transport in the patient.

Abstract: A system includes a chamber, a laser beam apparatus configured to generate a laser beam to be introduced into the chamber, a laser controller for the laser beam apparatus to control at least a beam intensity and an output timing of the laser beam, and a target supply unit configured to supply a target material into the chamber, the target material being irradiated with the laser beam for generating extreme ultraviolet light.

Abstract: This invention is an improved method and device for treating varicose veins 200 or the greater saphenous vein 202. The method comprises the use of infrared laser radiation in the region of 1.2 to 1.8 um in a manner from inside the vessel 200 or 202 such that the endothelial cells of the vessel wall 704 are damaged and collagen fibers in the vessel wall 704 are heated to the point where they permanently contract, the vessel 200 or 202 is occluded and ultimately resorbed. The device includes a laser 102 delivered via a fiber optic catheter 300 that may have frosted or diffusing fiber tips 308. A motorized pull-back device 104 is used, and a thermal sensor 600 may be used to help control the power required to maintain the proper treatment temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a population of stem cells for autologous implantation to a subject. The cells are activated by irradiating the cells with one or more wavelengths of yellow and red and/or green light. In particular, the cells are irradiated with 575-595 nm (5-20 mW), and 630-635 nm or 660-670 nm (10-100 mW) and/or 510-540 nm (10-60 mW) of monochromatic light for 30-60 mins. Preferably the stem cells are adipose-derived stem cells. Also the invention relates to therapeutic applications of the activated stem cells.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein that generally relate to a low-level laser therapy (LLLT) device to aid in at least one of the prevention and treatment of hair loss, rejuvenation of hair, and stimulation of hair regrowth for a certain percentage of users. In at least one embodiment, a plurality of emitters and bristles may be arranged in rows on a concave active surface of a housing for facing a treatment surface of the user. In some embodiments, the device is a laser therapy helmet device, wherein a portion of the device rotates relative to the treatment surface during use. In at least some embodiments, the device may further comprise a plurality of modes of operation for delivering different amounts of energy to the treatment surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide systems and methods for treating the retina and/or other areas of a patient's eye. The procedures may involve using one or more treatment beams (e.g., lasers) to cause photocoagulation or laser coagulation to finely cauterize ocular blood vessels and/or prevent blood vessel growth to induce one or more therapeutic benefits. In other embodiments, a series of short duration light pulses (e.g., between 5-15 microseconds) may be delivered to the retinal tissue with a thermal relaxation time delay between the pulse to limit the temperature rise of the target retinal tissue and thereby limit a thermal effect to only the retinal pigment epithelial layer. Such procedures may be used to treat diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and/or other conditions of the eye. The treatment beam may be delivered within a treatment boundary or pattern defined on the retina of the patient's eye.

Abstract: Provided are apparatuses and methods for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method includes applying radio frequency (RF) pulses to an object in a magnetic field, the RF pulses having different frequency bands for each of at least two types of nucleus in the object; applying predetermined pulse sequences for each type of nucleus to the object; receiving magnetic resonance signals emitted by each nucleus in response to the RF pulses and the predetermined pulse sequences; and generating an image of the object based on the received magnetic resonance signals.

Abstract: A waveguide neural interface device including: a neural device implantable in tissue and including an array of electrode sites that electrically communicate with their surroundings, in which the array of electrode sites includes at least one recording electrode site; and a waveguide, coupled to the neural device, that carries light along a longitudinal axis and includes a light directing element that redirects the carried light from the waveguide to illuminate selectively targeted tissue, in which at least a portion of the redirected light is directed laterally away from the longitudinal axis and the recording electrode site is configured to sample illuminated tissue. A method for assembling a waveguide neural interface device is also described.

Abstract: A method of biostimulating phototherapy is provided. The method comprises illuminating a subject's body portion (1) with light having a first wavelength in the range of 600-900 nm (17) and reducing and preventing hyperthermia of the body portion by illuminating the body portion with light having a second wavelength which is at least one of in the range of 400-600 nm and in the range of 900-2500 nm (19). Further, a phototherapy device (21) is provided which comprises a first light source (25) and a second light source (26). The first light source is configured to emit light (17) having a first wavelength which is in the range of 600-900 nm. The second light source is configured to emit light (19) having a second wavelength which is at least one of in the range of 400-600 nm and in the range of 900-2500 nm.

Abstract: An exemplary method includes selecting at least one light source configured to generate light at a particular wavelength and applying the light to tissue following an ischemic event. Applying the light to the tissue inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity. Another exemplary method includes selecting at least one light source configured to generate light at a particular wavelength and applying the light to tissue following an ischemic event and prior to either reoxygenation of the tissue or clinical intervention to reduce cell damage. An exemplary light therapy device includes at least one light source configured to generate light having a wavelength of at least one of approximately 730-770 nm, 850-890 nm, 880-920 nm, and 930-970 nm.

Abstract: A device for a bimodal diagnostic probe with optical and ultrasonic imaging, the probe including a main body supporting an ultrasonic transducer at its front end. The device includes a shell, an illumination mechanism mounted on a front end of the shell to light outside of the shell, and a collection or detection mechanism mounted on the front end of the shell to collect or detect an optical signal produced outside the shell. The shell includes an attachment mechanism to reversibly assemble it around the main body of the probe, with the illumination mechanism and the collection or detection mechanism mounted on the shell.

Abstract: A boxing-based fitness training regimen takes place in a training area suffusing with UV light from one or more UV light sources. Non-UV lighting in the training area is adjusted to a level of semi-darkness, in which non-luminescent objects are visible but luminescent objects clearly stand out. Multiple training regimen stations located in the training area can include heavy bag, speed bag, double-end bag, medicine ball, skip rope, shadow boxing and focus mitt regimens. Within each station, one or more items of training equipment, such as bags, gloves, hand wraps, focus mitts, medicine balls and/or jump ropes, are provided. Some or all of the training equipment at each station is UV luminescent. On some items of training equipment, there are luminescent indicia, which provide as visual cues for sequencing and/or timing of movements. These luminescent indicia can be color-coded to operate in conjunction with correspondingly color-coded visual prompts from a nearby display screen, such as an LED display.

Abstract: Methods of nerve signal differentiation, methods of delivering therapy using such nerve signal differentiation, and to systems and devices for performing such methods. Nerve signal differentiation may include locating two electrodes proximate nerve tissue and differentiating between efferent and afferent components of nerve signals monitored using the two electrodes.

Abstract: A computer-controlled system determines attributes of a frexel, which is an area of human skin, and applies a reflectance modifying agent (RMA) at the pixel level to automatically change the appearance of human features based on one or more digital images. The change may be based on a digital image of the same frexel, for as seen in a prior digital photograph captured previously by the computer-controlled system. The system scans the frexel and uses feature recognition software to compare the person's current features in the frexel with that person's features in the digital image. It then calculates enhancements to the make the current features appear more like the features in the digital image, and it applies the RMA to the frexel to accomplish the enhancements. Or the change may be based on a digital image of another person, through the application of RMAs.

Abstract: A hand-guided marking system (1) is disclosed, which is furnished with a radiation source (2) for applying a marking (100) to a surface (101) of a workpiece (102). A camera (4) and at least one illumination device (6) are used for recording a part of the surface (101) of the workpiece (102). A protective housing (10) is mounted on a carrier frame (12) and has an opening (14) in the protective housing (10) that is located opposite the surface (101) of the workpiece (102). The beam source (2) is positioned in the carrier frame (12) in such manner that an optical axis (16) of the beam source (2) passes through the opening of the protective housing (10).

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a subcutaneous fat region is provided. The apparatus includes a housing that has a skin contacting portion defining a chamber. The apparatus also includes a first spaced region in the housing through which a coolant passes and a second spaced region in the housing that is at least partially evacuated of air. The apparatus further includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, a source of vacuum in fluid communication with the chamber, and a source for the coolant.

Abstract: A method for providing localized heating of the dermal layers of skin of a patient, using energy in the form of a group of pulses having defined parameters in a controlled manner. This method preferably uses an optical delivery system to deliver pulsed energy to a specific spot of skin so that targeted layers of the affected skin are heated to a desired temperature range. The temperature range is optimally selected to maximize treatment efficacy while minimizing pain to the patient. Example applications include reducing wrinkles, acne, hair, scar tissue, warts, and promoting wound healing. In this method, the temperature of the selected locus rises quickly to the desired temperature range, then is maintained within a controlled range with a relatively flat temperature profile. The method maintains the temperature by controlling one or more of a pulse energy intensity, pulse width, and pulse frequency or time delay between pulses.

Abstract: The invention provides the use of a compound of formula (I), or metallated derivative thereof, for killing, inhibiting or preventing the growth of a microbial biofilm: wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and Z have meanings given in the description. The biofilm may be on a living or inert support. Preferably, the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of bacteria and fungi.

Abstract: A method of cosmetically treating a superficial area of mammalian skin by irradiating the skin with a source of divergent electromagnetic radiation of between 900 nm to 1500 nm, and use of electromagnetic radiation of specified wavelengths. The cosmetic treatment includes reducing or alleviating or removing or diminishing wrinkles or fine lines, rejuvenating skin, retarding or reversing visible signs of aging, improving skin elasticity, tone, texture and appearance and beautifying facial, breast, arm, buttock, thigh, stomach or neck skin.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward an implantable electrostimulation device, a plurality of sensing and pacing elements, and a fine wire lead extending in a sealed relationship from the electrostimulation device and to the plurality of sensing and pacing elements. The fine wire lead includes multiple discrete conductors and a drawn silica or glass fiber core, a polymer cladding on the drawn silica or glass fiber core, and a conductive metal cladding over the polymer cladding. Additionally, the fine wire lead simultaneously delivers different electrical signals or optical signals between the sensing and pacing elements and the electrostimulation device.

Abstract: A phototherapy apparatus with interactive user interface for treating biological tissue of an animal or human target. The user interface comprises intuitive graphic menus which allow the clinicians or practitioners to define the properties of the biological tissue through easily observable physical characteristics such as weight, skin color, and hair color of the patient. The central control unit of the phototherapy apparatus then automatically optimizes the parameters of the light source according to the properties of the biological tissue and generates an appropriate treatment protocol to produce the optimum phototherapy result.

Abstract: The invention relates to an irradiation-cooling combination for application in photodynamic therapy having an irradiation element (120), a cooling element (130) permeable by the emitted radiation in an irradiation pass-through direction, wherein said cooling element is designed for attachment between the irradiation element (120) and a treatment surface (160) of a patient. The cooling element (130) has an optical pass-through surface that can be cooled as an attachment to the treatment surface (160). Additional components of the invention are a first fastening device (150) for defined positioning of the irradiation-cooling combination opposite the treatment surface (160), a second fastening device (140) for attaching the irradiation element (120) on the cooling element (130), a control unit (110) and a power supply (100). The invention provides effective pain management during photodynamic therapy in connection with a mobile treatment system and larger treatment areas by means of a uniform radiation field.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for infrared-light nerve stimulation plus low-level light therapy (INS-plus-LLLT) that includes providing an infrared-light nerve stimulation plus low-level light therapy (INS-plus-LLLT) device; implanting the INS-plus-LLLT device in the animal; emitting a plurality of infrared laser-light nerve-stimulation signals from the INS-plus-LLLT device and directing the plurality of infrared laser-light nerve stimulation signals toward a neural tissue of the animal in order to trigger an action potential response in the neural tissue; and generating a plurality of low-level light therapy signals using the INS-plus-LLLT device and directing the low-level light therapy signals toward the neural tissue of the animal, wherein the low-level light therapy signals are configured to be efficacious for pain management in order to reduce an acute pain of the animal.

Abstract: Provided are nanoparticles and formulations which are useful for cosmetic, diagnostic and therapeutic applications to mammals such as humans.

Abstract: A laser generator for laser therapy in the treatment of pain conditions by selective destruction of nociceptive or pain nerves, wherein a laser generator that generates a continuous and pulsed laser wavelength between 690 nm to 980 nm that is transmitted fiberoptically through a laser fiber within a spinal needle to contact areas within a body where pain nerves require destruction through optimal absorption of laser energy by pain nerves without affecting other types of nerves or surrounding tissues.

Abstract: Techniques disclosed herein include systems and methods for treating spinal cord injury. Techniques include using a diode laser assembly, a power source, a fiber optic cable, and a fenestrated tip. The power source can be connected to the diode laser assembly, with a fiber optic cable connected to the diode laser assembly. The fenestrated tip is connected to the fiber optic cable to emit a plurality of laser light beams produced by the diode laser assembly at a location remote from the diode laser assembly. The apparatus can be used in a method for treating a spinal cord injury. The method is carried out by providing a source of laser light having a wavelength in the range of 500-1000 nm and a power in the range of 5 to 500 milliwatts. The laser light is transmitted through an optical wire to a position adjacent a spinal cord injury site, with at least a portion of the apparatus positioned within a human body. The spinal cord injury site is then irradiated with laser light from the optical wire.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a method of applying infrared neural stimulation (INS) to the central nervous system (CNS) of a target. The methods includes applying a pulsed infrared laser at a stimulation site in the CNS; and evoking responses from a region of interest of the CNS that is at or adjacent to the stimulation site by the pulsed infrared laser. In the method, the pulsed infrared laser penetrates a predetermined penetration depth of the stimulation site. Certain aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus for applying INS to the CNS of a target. The apparatus includes a generator generating a pulsed infrared laser, which penetrates a predetermined penetration depth of a stimulation site to evoke a response from the CNS, and an optical medium adapted for delivering the pulsed infrared laser at the stimulation site of the CNS.

Abstract: A component for a laser tool, the component comprising: a tubular body defining an internal channel and an aperture; and a window disposed across the aperture and bonded to the tubular body around the aperture, wherein the window is diamond, and wherein the tubular body comprises a material having a coefficient of linear thermal expansion ? of 14×10?6 K?1 or less at 20° C. and a thermal conductivity of 60 Wm?1K?1 or more at 20° C.

Abstract: A minimally invasive method for treating varices in especially sensitive areas, including pelvic varices in females, varicoceles, and also oesophageal varices is presented. The method comprises the steps of making a micro incision into the blood vessels of a patient, endoscopically inserting a catheter device into the blood vessel of a patient and advancing the distal end of the catheter to reach the varix or varices. For treatment of male varicocele, insertion is preferably made directly at the testicle. Alternatively, insertion can be made in the femoral vein and advanced using a catheter. Preferably, x-ray, angiography, or other imaging techniques are used to visualize and position the catheter. An optical fiber is then inserted into the catheter and the distal end is advanced to a predetermined point near the varix or varices. Optical fiber distal end is preferably a slim, radial 360 degree emitting fiber end.

Abstract: A device and method for application of photobiomodulation (or as low level laser therapy) treatment is disclosed. The device includes a canopy having a plurality of emitters configured and arranged to emit light in wavelengths between about 600 nm and about 1200 nm. A stand supports the canopy. The canopy configured and arranged pivot and raise and lower relative to the stand. During treatment, the entire first side of a patient is exposed to emitted light from the device therapeutically effective duration in a first step and the entire second side of a patient to emitted light for a therapeutically effective duration in a second step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the cosmetic (non-therapeutic) treatment of oily skin, including the steps: a) exposing the oily skin to a first quasi-monochromatic light of artificial origin having a dominant wavelength peak between 300 and 700 nm, better still between 400 and 600 nm, even better still between 560 and 620 nm, and in particular of around 590 nm, and b) applying to the oily skin a cosmetic composition comprising at least 1% by weight of hollow particles and preferably from 2% to 6% by weight of hollow particles, relative to the total weight of said composition, the hollow particles being hydrophobic silica aerogel particles.

Abstract: The present invention, in one aspect, relates to a system for stimulating neural tissue of a living subject. The system comprises an energy source capable of generating optical energy, a connector having a first end and a second end capable of transmitting optical energy, and a probe operably coupled to the second end of the connector and having an end portion for delivering optical energy to a target neural tissue. In one embodiment, the energy source comprises a tunable laser.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for treatment of skin disorders. More particularly, the disclosed invention is directed toward the use of multiple light sources for treating skin with or without the use of a topical compositions or photomodulation enhancing agents. Dual light emitting diodes may, for example, be used at relatively low power (less than about 10 J/cm2) to photomodulate skin or living tissue to reduce wrinkles, fine lines, acne, acne bacteria, and other skin disorders.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for optically stimulating neurons of a plurality of auditory nerve pathways of a person to provide auditory sensations for the person including generating a plurality of pulsed light signals having one or more successive pulses; delivering the plurality of pulsed light signals to one or more auditory nerve pathways of the cochlea of the person; selectively controlling the plurality of light signals to optically stimulate and trigger nerve action potentials (NAPs) in the one or more auditory nerve pathways, wherein the selectively controlling includes empirically testing the delivering of the plurality of light signals and determining which optical-stimulation parameters used during the testing are most effective for optically stimulating the auditory nerve pathways of the person, and using results of the testing such that the delivering includes delivering the plurality of light signals with the optical-stimulation parameters that were determined to be most effective for optically stimula