Abstract: Methods and apparatus for rolling metal sheet or plate are provided. The method comprises the step of feeding the metal plate or sheet into a rolling mill at an angle. The apparatus comprises a rolling mill having a tilted feed table, or an apron upon which a transfer table and tilted feed table can rest. Through-thickness gradient and shear texture can be improved using the methods and apparatus of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal sheet rolling method of rolling a metal sheet with a pair of rolls, as well as a rolled sheet manufactured by the metal sheet rolling method. In the metal sheet rolling method, respective interfaces between the pair of rolls and the metal sheet have mutually different frictions. Additionally at least one of the interfaces may be lubricated by a procedure other than lubrication by coating of a liquid lubricant agent. Alternatively at least one of the interfaces may be subjected to surface treatment by a procedure other than lubrication, or otherwise the pair of rolls may be made of mutually different materials.

Abstract: A method to manufacture a steel die having a Physical Vapor Deposition wear resistant coating on a profile surface and a steel die formed thereby is disclosed. The steel die is subjected to quenching and tempering to achieve a Rockwell hardness in the range of about 40-45 Rc and then subjected to machining to form a profile surface. The surface is then subjected to Physical Vapor Deposition of a wear resistant coating that may be multiple layers of CrN, AlCrN, TiCrN, TiN, TiCN or TiAlN, and preferably is alternating layers of TiN—TiCN—TiN. The coating is applied at a sufficient thickness to impart wear resistance to the steel die. The steel dies are useful in sheet metal stamping operations.

Abstract: In the metal billet to be used for hot dilation forming, a forward side with respect to the pressing direction has a quadrate section and its diagonal length is not more than an inner diameter of a container. Moreover, a backward side with respect to the pressing direction has a circular section and its diameter is substantially same as the inner diameter of the container. The metal billet is heated to a temperature suitable for press working and is set into a container for press forming. While a center of a workpiece of the metal billet is being bored by a boring punch to be operated by a pressing machine, the metal billet is hot-dilated so that a bottomed container for a cask is formed.

Abstract: A method of supplying lubricating oil in cold-rolling by emulsion lubrication, characterized by comprising: using a constant (supply efficiency) obtained under conditions of a specific rolling rate, emulsion supply, emulsion concentration, emulsion temperature, plateout length, rolled material width or roll barrel length, rolling load, grade of the rolled material, and type of lubricating oil and oil film thickness at the time of neat lubrication realized under the specific rolling lubrication conditions to estimate the oil film thickness realized by emulsion lubrication under the specific rolling lubrication conditions and controlling at least one of the emulsion supply, emulsion concentration, emulsion temperature, and plateout length so that the estimated oil film thickness matches with the target oil film thickness.

Abstract: A method of forging a titanium alloy component comprises applying a protective coating onto the surface of the titanium alloy component. A glass lubricant coating is applied onto the protective coating and the titanium alloy component is forged at a high temperature. The glass lubricant coating comprises a borosilicate glass lubricant coating. The protective coating comprises an aluminide coating, a silicon modified aluminide coating, a platinum aluminide coating, an aluminium coating or a platinum coating. The titanium alloy component may be a compressor blade, or a compressor vane, of a high-pressure compressor of a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for lubricating rolls, in particular for lubricating a rolling nip in rolling stands for rolled strips. According to the invention, said lubrication takes place using an oil-in-water dispersion whilst maintaining both a predetermined blend characteristic and a volumetric flow of the dispersion. The dispersion is prepared in the form of a homogeneous blend in a mixer (1) using adjustable quantities of water and oil. The dispersion is supplied to various spray zones (Zi) for a distribution (Bi) that is variable in width. Said method for roll lubrication can be improved by the allocation of at least one row of nozzles (Di) to each spray zone (Zi), which has a corresponding spray range width (Bi), each nozzle being controlled by at least one relay valve (Si).

Abstract: An installation for cold-rolling strip composed of special steel and/or nonferrous metals, which includes a multi-stand tandem rolling mill and essentially two independent coolant and lubricant systems. The installation further includes an emulsion system with tanks, system pumps, coolers, and vacuum band filters and/or pressure band filters as well as a rolling oil system which contains the afore-mentioned components, such that the filters are extremely fine, reversible-flow filters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of applying a lubricating material to an outer surface of a workpiece. Initially, a workpiece is provided that is preferably formed from a closed channel structural member having a circular or box-shaped cross sectional shape. Lubricating material is applied to an outer surface of the workpiece. In a second step of the method, the workpiece may be heat treated. The workpiece is then heated to elevate the temperature of the workpiece so as to cause the lubricating material to dry substantially immediately on the workpiece, thereby providing a coating of lubricating material having a substantially uniform thickness. In a fourth step of the method, a deforming process is performed on the workpiece during the period of time following the heat treatment process, and after applying the lubricating material, in which the workpiece retains the full or partial softening characteristics.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) of flat billets to control material structure and properties. The improvements of the method include the special systems of billet orientations, billet lubrication, billet ejection from dies, and a press/die control system those eliminate surface cracks, flashes and billet reshaping or deburring between passes. Therefore, multi-pass ECAE becomes a cost-effective industrial operation and may be applied to large billets.

Abstract: This invention relates to steel wires and steel cords used as a reinforcement for rubber articles such as pneumatic tire, industrial belt and the like, particularly steel wires and steel cords having an excellent adhesion property to rubber, in which an amount of phosphorus included as an oxide in a surface layer region from a brass plated surface applied to a circumferential face of a wire up to a depth of 5 nm in a radial direction of the wire is controlled to not more than 1.5 atomic %, whereby an excellent adhesion property between steel cord and coating rubber can be provided even when an adhesion promoter conventionally added in a coating rubber composition for the steel cord is reduced or is not added.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for cooling and/or lubricating rollers, in particular the working rollers (2, 3) on a rolling stand and a rolled strip (1), rolled between the above rollers and transported onwards, using water in the form of spray jets (4, 5) as cooling medium and oil, oil/water mix, oil/water mix, oil/air/water mix or grease mixtures as lubricant. In order to improve the lubricating and cooling effects, a combined application of super-cooling the strip and roller surfaces and roller lubrication on the input side of the stand is disclosed, in which both media, water and lubricant, are separately fed to the rollers (2, 3) and the rolled strip and applied to the roller surface at different application points. Separate reservoirs for water and lubricant and separate lines to the spraying bar (11) for water and the spraying bar (12) for the lubricant are provided.

Abstract: A composite anti-friction bearing structure comprising a bearing substrate and an anti-friction layer. The bearing structure can be in the form of bushings, wear plates, wear rings, etc. The anti-friction layer includes particles of an alloy which combines lubricity of molybdenum with the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of elements such as cobalt and nickel. The invention is particularly related to anti-friction bushings for use in die sets, presses and other heavy duty machinery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for forming a plurality of parts, such as spade-type boring bits, from a continuous stock material. Thus, the various steps of the forming method of the present invention can be performed to predetermined portions of the continuous stock material prior to separating the continuous stock material into discrete parts, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the forming process. The present invention also provides an improved forge for forming portions of the continuous stock material into parts having a predetermined shape. The forge can be designed to provide a clearance region proximate the forward end of the ram to permit slight flexing of the forward end of the ram in a radially outward direction during forging operations. The forge can also include a lubrication system for lubricating its various components. In addition, the forge can incrementally rotate the ram after one or more parts have been forged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for specifically adjusting the surface structure of rolling stock (3) during cold rolling in skin pass mills. The aim of the invention is to partially transfer the surface structure of the working roll (2) onto the rolling stock (3). To this end, the change of roughness of the rolling stock (3) in the rolling process of a single- or multiple-stand, preferably two-stand skin pass mill is calculated in an optimization calculation in which the rolling parameters are varied according to the mill capacity using a tribological model that mathematically describes the friction conditions in the roll gap (1). The results obtained are then used to readjust at least a part of the rolling parameters used for calculation.

Abstract: A device re-shapes formed wire after processes such as annealing where wire is wound on bobbins. The device includes a reservoir for containing lubricant having a first open end and a second open end. The first end of the reservoir is closed by a guide mechanism for guiding the wire into the reservoir. The second end of the reservoir is closed by a wire shaping for shaping the wire when the wire is pulled therethrough. The wire shaping mechanism reduces the cross-sectional area of the wire by no more than 24%.

Abstract: A process for shaping a high strength container, particularly an aerosol container and a container obtained through such process. Generally, aerosol containers made of aluminum or tin are obtained by conventional embedding processes from sheet disks and have cylindrical bodies with upper tapering finishing at a curl for fixing a valve cover and are closed by convex and profiled cross section bottoms, for forming a support region for upstanding the container. The bottom of such containers is obtained before tapering by means of a blow or front shock once the cylindrical body having planar circular base is shaped, this impact causing undesirable stresses on the body side wall and material accumulation at the annular region joining with this wall since the bottom thickness is not uniform.

Abstract: According to an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel plate, a roughing process for reducing a thickness of a continuously cast slab is performed to obtain a sheet bar, and a finishing rolling process for rolling the sheet bar is effected to produce a hot-rolled steel plate having a predetermined plate thickness. After cooling down, the hot-rolled steel plate is then wound. A pair of dies 6 each of which has a tapered portion 6b on an input side and a parallel portion 6b on an output side are used in at least part of the roughing process. Further, before performing plate thickness pressing to a material in a plate thickness direction by using the dies 6, at least one of a front end and a rear end of the material is pressed in a widthwise direction to be pre-formed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high-strength austenitic stainless bolt having a tensile strength of 1100 MPa or more on an industrial mass-production basis. The method of manufacturing a high-strength stainless steel bolt according to the present invention comprises the steps offorming a lubricant coating on the surface of an austenitic stainless steel wire material to obtain a lubricated wire material; cold forming the lubricated wire material within a degree-of-working range of from 0.5 to 1.5 as defined in a natural logarithmic value of the working distortion such that a head portion is bulged as a result of axial compression of the cold formed wire material and a threaded portion formed of part of the bolt material extruded under said axial compression and radially compressed; and then subjecting said threaded portion to form rolling, said lubricant coating being free from exfoliation and destruction at said degree of working range.

Abstract: A method for impressing holographic images or holograms in the surface of sporting and fitness products such as ball bats and bicycle frames. The surfaces of metal shims and print rolls bearing holograms are hardened as by coating them with thin amorphous diamond coatings or diamond like coatings so the holograms can be embossed into many thousands of metal objects with clarity and consistency.

Abstract: A method of cold fabricating an intermetallic alloy composition, comprising steps of coating an article of an intermetallic alloy composition with a viscous medium which provides a moisture resistant barrier on the surface of the article, fabricating the coated article into a desired shape, and optionally removing the coating from the shaped article. The coating step can be carried out by applying oil to the surface of the article or immersing the article in oil. The intermetallic article can be an iron aluminide and the fabrication step can include stamping, bending, drawing, forming, cutting, shearing or punching. During the fabrication step a surface oxide film is cracked and metal surfaces exposed by the cracked oxide film are protected from exposure to moisture in the air by the viscous medium.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, the vacuum pump cooling system includes tubes expanded along their entire length in bores through the vacuum pump body. The tubes can be made of stainless steel, and inserted into a vacuum pump body made of cast iron. This prevents the risk of corrosion of the vacuum pump body by a cooling liquid passing through the tubes to cool the vacuum pump body.

Abstract: The invention concerns a steel plate coated with a metal layer based on zinc and a zinc hydroxysulphate layer, whereof the surface density of sulphur is more than 0.5 mg/m2. The invention also concerns a method for obtaining said plate by treating a zinc coated sheet metal: either in a highly alkaline sulphate solution under polarization; or in a sulphate solution containing Zn2+ ions without polarization. The hydroxysulphate deposit brings about a pre-lubricating effect applicable to operations for forming sheet metal.

Abstract: In an improved process for drawing metal wires and a tool for actuating the process, a metal wire is coated with a thin surface layer of lubricant and subsequently drawn, gradually in a series of single drawing operations. In a final of the drawing operations, the wire is forced to pass through a hole which exhibits an angle of convergence comprised between 30 degrees and about 85 degrees. As the wire passes through the hole, the layer of lubricant is removed and the drawn wire exiting from the hole is clean and lubricant-free.

Abstract: A roller cage (6) is provided for a minimum of one work roller (3) of a tool for deep rolling of grooves or radii of a crankshaft bearing (1) where the work roller (3) at a section of its circumference is loosely guided by the roller cage (6) or inside a concave void of the roller cage (6). Portions of the roller cage (6) by which the work roller (3) is guided, consist of a material that dispenses solid lubricant to the work roller (3).

Abstract: A method for electrochemical phosphating of metal surfaces, particularly stainless steel, in connection with cold forming of metal workpieces, which method provides the cold formed workpiece with a lubricant after phosphating, involves an electrochemical phosphating through a cathodic process applying an aqueous phosphating solution containing 0.5 to 100 g Ca2+/l 0.5 to 100 g Zn2+/l 5 to 100 g PO43−/l 0 to 100 g NO3−/l 0 to 100 g ClO3−/l and 0 to 50 g F− or Cl−/l by which the temperature of the solution is between 0 and 95° C., the pH-value of the solution is between 0.5 and 5, and the current density is between 0.1 and 250 mA/cm2. This gives a good lubrication effect, a good adhesion to the metal surface, particularly stainless steel, and a more expedient texture than ordinary phosphating.

Abstract: There is provided a stainless steel sheet material, used for a semiconductor manufacturing device, to which it difficult for fine dust to be attached and from the surface of which the attaching dust can be easily washed away. Also, there is provided a method of manufacturing the stainless steel sheet material. A stainless steel sheet material characterized in that: the number of pinholes, the area of each pinhole exceeding 0.25 mm2, in the area of 10 cm2 on the surface of a skinpass-rolled stainless steel sheet material is not more than 10; and the average surface roughness Ra on the center line in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction is not more than 0.15 &mgr;m. A method of manufacturing a stainless steel sheet material comprising the steps of: annealing a stainless steel cold-rolled sheet in a heat-treatment furnace having no support rollers in a temperature region exceeding 600° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a region of greater wall thickness in a longitudinal hollow section (1) which, to this end, is subjected to a radial and axial pressure and plastically deformed thereby. The hollow section (1) is secured in a matrix (2) corresponding to the section dimensions which has an enlarged cross section corresponding to the intended final dimensions of the hollow section (1) in the deformation region. The essential embodiment consists in that the deformation to attain an increased wall thickness (14) takes place in a region between the ends of the section. In addition, the wall thickness (19) can be increased at at least one of the ends of the section.

Abstract: Method and device to reduce and eliminate vibrations in a rolling stand for plane rolled products comprising working rolls associated with by motor a kinematic chain, there being included nozzles to deliver a mixture of water and lubricant to the surface of each of the working rolls; the method providing to measure the effective value of torque transmitted to each of the working rolls and to selectively vary the percentage of lubricant contained in the mixture delivered to each of the working rolls according to the effective torque measured.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the lubrication of the edges and ends of objects to be rolled, particularly hot rolled, said objects consisting of essentially planar surfaces and being for example metal sheets or strips. According to the invention, the lubricating medium is fed so that it is applied on the edge area of the object to be rolled (1, 21, 31), essentially during the whole rolling pass, and so that lubricating medium is applied, when beginning or finishing a rolling pass, essentially along the whole width of the object to be rolled (1, 21, 31), in the immediate vicinity of the ends of the object to be rolled.

Abstract: Apparatus for rotatably supporting the neck of a roll in a rolling mill, including a bearing assembly configured and dimensioned to surround the roll neck, a chock containing the bearing assembly, and a support for the chock, with the chock and the support being in contact with each other at an interface having a radius of curvature arranged to accommodate relative movement between the chock and the support in response to bending loads applied to the roll. A lubricant is introduced under pressure at the interface between the chock and the support to thereby reduce frictional resistance to relative movement therebetween.

Abstract: A tandem with two reversible four-high rolling stands (14a, 14b) for the cold rolling of thin strip to 0.18 mm, advantageously from 0.18 to 1.2 mm, includes at least a first (12a) and a second (12b) drawing reel, mans to heat the rolls and the lubricating oils, a control and command unit, and a first lubrication system (17), the working rolls (15) being associated with replacement rolls (115), the stands (14a, 14b) including a first working condition with the working rolls (15) and at least a second working condition with the replacement rolls (115). Below the stands (14a, 14b) there is a first (20a) and a second (20b) collection tank to collect the lubrication fluid, there also being a second finishing lubrication system (18) which can be activated in alternation with the first system (17).

Abstract: In manufacturing of welding wires, rough surfaces are formed on the product wires to ensure retention of applied lubricants for satisfactory feeding performance. For this purpose, steps of dry hole die drawing with an application of powder lubricants, roller dies drawing, and wet hole die drawing are executed, at least in a part of a sequence of wire drawing processes. As a result of denting of the powder lubricants on the surfaces of the wires during the dry hole die drawing, rough surfaces are formed on the drawn wires.

Abstract: A work roll crossing type rolling mill has back-up rolls arranged in such a manner that their axes are not inclined in a horizontal plane. Work rolls are constructed in such a manner that their axes can be inclined in a horizontal plane relative to the backup rolls such that the axes of the work rolls cross the axes of the back-up rolls and such that the axes of the work rolls cross each other. A lubricant supply device is provided for supplying a lubricant between each work roll and each back-up roll combination to greatly reduce the thrust exerted to the work rolls, whereby the rolling mill is given an excellent ability of controlling the crown of the material to be rolled.

Abstract: The inventive pressure die holder is comprised of an elongate hollow steel cylinder which receives a series of dies in an interior cavity. The dies are maintained within the cavity by means of a cap which is attached to one end of the pressure die holder. The inventive pressure die holder is provided with two sets of vents which relieve lubricant pressure within the pressure die holder. The first set of vents are located in mid portion of the body of the pressure die holder in alignment with the dies. The first set of vents reduce pressure between the die pair, allowing the lubricant to flow through the die at a cooler temperature. The second set of vents are located in the body of the pressure die holder adjacent the cap, and allow the cap to be removed from the pressure die holder at the end of the drawing operation.

Abstract: A rolling mill is provided with a pair of work rolls 2, a pair of intermediate rolls 3 and a pair of backup rolls 4 in a mill stand 5, wherein the pair of backup rolls are arranged so that their axial lines cross perpendicularly a plate travelling direction and do not incline to the direction in a horizontal plane, the intermediate rolls and work rolls are arranged so that the axial lines of the intermediate rolls and the axial line of the work rolls incline to (cross) the axes of the backup rolls in a counter direction to each other in a horizontal plane, and a lubricant supplying apparatus 6 is provided for supplying a lubricant to the roll surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention applies dry lubricant to appropriate components of a forming die of a stamping press to minimize frictional force against such components during operation of the forming die or to appropriate components of a forging die of a forging press to minimize shear force against such components during operation of the forging die. A layer of dry lubricant is applied to any one or more of the die, the punch, or the binder of a forming die of a stamping press, and a layer of hard chrome may also be plated thereon before the layer of dry lubricant is applied. A layer of dry lubricant is applied on the inner surface of a cavity within a forging die of a forging press of the present invention. A dry lubricant may also be applied on the outer surface of the punch of the forging press.

Abstract: A steel sheet of which both sides are laminated with a resin film wherefrom a two-piece can having a can height about twice the length of the can diameter and a thin wall thickness from 40 to 70% of the original sheet thickness can be formed under a special wall thickness reduction process without water based coolant or lubricant.

Abstract: A seamless steel tubular product is produced by hot-piercing an alloy-steel billet with a piercing plug to produce a hollow shell and then rolling the hollow shell. Prior to the hot-piercing, a steel sheet is joined to an end surface of the billet into which the plug is to be driven, such that the steel plate may not project beyond the periphery of the billet, the steel plate having a surface area (C) satisfying the equation:S.times.0.2.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.S.times.1.2where, S is represented (plug bottom radius).sup.2 .times.3.14.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and device for applying a lubricant-carrier layer to the surface of a material which is to be cold-formed, in particular wire material (1) which is subsequently to be cold-drawn, the carrier layer being such that a lubricant can be applied over it. The material used to produce the layer is applied dry. A container is provided to hold a multiplicity of loose pressure-application elements plus a given quantity of the dry carrier-layer material. To produce the lubricant-carrier layer on the wire material, at least part of which is located at any given time inside the container, the pressure-application elements surrounding the wire material are caused to execute a motion such that they apply the carrier-layer material disposed between them to the surface of the wire material mechanically, the pressure-application elements making uniform contact with the surface of the wire material as they move relative to the surface.

Abstract: System for preparing wires made of steel, iron, or ferrous materials in general for drawing which comprises a phosphating station that is substantially constituted by a vat for containing a phosphating solution and by a drum for winding and unwinding the wire to be treated. The drum is at least partially immersed in the phosphating solution and can be actuated with a rotary motion about its own axis to gradually wind the wire to be treated and gradually release the treated wire.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process for production of raw stainless steel castings, in particular for stainless steel strip, covering rolling and annealing of cast material if required, as well as de-scaling, in particular by pickling in aqueous media, and coiling for raw stainless steel strip if necessary. In order to achieve greater flexibility as regards steel grades that can be treated and dimensions of the castings, the material is to be heat-treated in batches and preferably also annealed, cooled and de-scaled immediately after the final heat treatment stage, without intermediate storage, in batches. In a process covering the process stages for casting, rolling of the cast material if necessary, cooling, as well as de-scaling, in particular by pickling in aqueous media, and coiling, if necessary, to form raw stainless steel coils, the material is to be cast in batches and de-scaled immediately afterwards without intermediate storage in order to obtain the same advantage.

Abstract: Wire-drawing machine for metal wire with dry lubrication, comprising a tocarrying device provided with:a tubular body having a cavity for containing and fixing a die, extending from an entry end to an exit end for the metal wire inside the tubular body;a support for the tubular body on which the latter is coaxially mounted in a rotatable manner so as to rotate upon operation of associated actuator means, said support being provided with a fluid cooling chamber for the die;a container for powdery lubricant arranged above the support and connected to the tubular body so as to rotate about the metal die, imparting to the powdery lubricant a helical movement towards the die, thereby lubricating the metal wire before it enters the die.

Abstract: A hot forging press for use in closed-die hot forging operations wherein the forging press may be operated in conjunction with an automated multi-station transport sub-system to move parts through a progressive multi-station forging die. The press includes a press bed and vertically moveable ram for supporting lower and upper dies, respectively. A drive mechanism for driving the ram is provided with an adjustment system whereby the shut height of the press may be adjusted during operation of the press. A programmable logic controller is provided for controlling the press operations including the shut height adjustment, transport of parts by the transport sub-system and operation of a kickout sub-system for kicking parts out of the dies. Further, the press includes an enlarged tonnage zone whereby the full tonnage zone encompasses a plurality of the dies in their entirety.

Abstract: A wire or rod drawing apparatus has a drawing die and a metallic tubular member through which the wire passes before entering the die. A D.C. voltage is applied between the rod and the tubular member for creating a voltage difference therebetween, and a lubricant is applied to the wire within the tubular member to function as an electrolyte.

Abstract: A lubrication ring, for use in a fabrication press having an assembly with a main cavity and a die nib disposed on a surface of the cavity for ironing a workpiece passing through the cavity, includes a groove surrounding a periphery of and opening into the main cavity of the assembly. At least one passage is provided for introducing a fluid into the groove so as to flow within the groove. The fluid is introduced into the groove at a velocity which causes a centrifugal force exceeding the force of gravity to act on the fluid flowing in the groove.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for producing helically-wound lock-seem tubing from a metal strip having longitudinal edge portions, the strip is fed to a forming head and formed into helical shape. A lubricant is locally supplied on that side of the strip which forms the outside of the tube, said lubricant being supplied over only a limited portion of the width of the strip.

Abstract: A method of processing steel strip such that the steel strip can be temper rolled at the increased speeds and better surface texture control of prior art dry lubricants, yet the steel strip can be temper rolled with less frequent replacement of temper mill working rolls. Further, the resulting steel strip has increased stretchability and can be temper rolled to achieve sufficient reduction of YPE at lower working roll pressures and/or lower strip tension, previously only effective when the steel strip was lubricated with a wet lubricant film. Enhanced corrosion resistance is another advantage of this process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of drawing a metal wire to a specified diameter using a continuous dry drawing apparatus including a plurality of die units disposed in series, each of the die unit being composed of a dry lubricant unit for applying a dry lubricant on the surface of a metal wire and a die provided on the downstream side of the dry lubricant unit, the method comprising an intermediate coating process of forming a coating film on the surface of the metal wire for enhancing the picking-up of a dry lubricant for subsequent die-drawing, in at least one of the spaces between adjacent die units. With this method, seizure of the die is prevented and the drawing speed is significantly enhanced.

Abstract: A die lubricant applicator for spraying lubricant from a pressurized source of lubricant through a plurality of injector nozzles onto a die press. Associated with each injector nozzle is a solenoid-operated valve for selectively gating the flow of the lubricant to the injector nozzle, and also an electronic control, such as a portion of a programmable logic controller, responsive to the movement of the die of the die press, for opening the solenoid valve for a predetermined and programmable dwell time, thereby passing a predetermined volume of lubricant from the pressurized source to the injector nozzle. The electronic control associated with each injector nozzle includes a programmable timer that causes the solenoid valve to open for the programmed dwell time, and the electronic control may also include a programmable counter that can inhibit the firing of the programmable dwell timer for a number of die press cycles.