Abstract: The well known Grob method, as practiced on a Grob machine, uses at least a partially profiled mandrel wherein during a cold forming operation, via a forming or impact roller of a workpiece blank, produces a hollow workpiece that is profiled at least internally wherein the material is shaped radially as well as axially in a single operation and the axial and radial shaping of the workpiece blank is achieved at least internally as a whole or in part in a straight or helical manner relative to the workpiece axis, by means of this forming roller and achieves the economical production of high quality workpieces in a single operation, with outer profiling also being achievable, and the difference (D) between the outer radius (RO) of the workpiece blank and the outer radius (RD) of the mandrel preferably being the same as or smaller than the length (WL) of the finished workpiece.

Abstract: A flow-roller machine comprises a machine frame, a rotatable spindle, a rotary drive for the spindle, a compression tool attached to a face end of the spindle, an axially displaceable pressure pad aligning with the spindle for a workpiece put in place on the compression tool, and at least two rotatable compression rollers that, guided in the machine frame, can be advanced in radial direction of the spindle. The spindle together with its rotary drive and the pressure pad are displaceable in axial direction of the spindle relative to the machine frame and relative to the compression rollers.

Abstract: A device for non-cutting manufacturing of an annular part having external teeth includes a core tool that supports the blank from which the annular part is manufactured and is axially displaceable between two profiling rollers arranged diametrically opposite each other, and a separate rotating drive for each of the core tool and the two profiled rollers. The device further includes a computer element which controls the three rotating drives for synchronizing rotational speeds of the core tool and the two profiling rollers. The computer element also controls radial adjustment of the two rollers with their respective full-height regions with respect to the core tool by a calibration amount at the conclusion of the shaping operation.

Abstract: A necked-in and flange portion is formed in the open end of a seamless can body by using a can end holder driven for rotation about its axis, an axially movable inner roll of a reduced diameter disposed adjacent the can end holder, and a spinning roll positioned axially stationary outside the can body. While the can body with the open end telescoped onto the can end holder and in contact with the inner roll is rotated together with the can end holder, the spinning roll is advanced toward the can end holder and forced into the open end, and simultaneously the can body is moved in an axial direction away from the can end holder together with the inner roll, to form the necked-in and flange portion.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a thin-walled tube of fluorinated resin, particularly polytetrafluoroethylene, in which a ribbon of fluorinated resin obtained by lubricated extrusion and calendaring, is wound into a tube on a mandrel, the winding of the ribbon being performed in a plurality of layers, and the thus-wound ribbon on the mandrel being brought to a temperature above the sintering temperature of the fluorinated resin for sufficient time to produce sintering. The wound tube and the mandrel are cooled; while on the mandrel the thin-walled tube is rolled to elongate the tube, to reduce the thickness of the tube, and to increase the inside diameter of the tube; and then the mandrel within the tube is extracted.

Abstract: In a process for reducing the outer diameter and wall thickness of an essentially cylindrical hollow tube blank by rolling, the front end of the tube blank is introduced into a rolling mill. To prevent piping defects during rolling and to obviate other disadvantages of conventional processes, the diameter and/or the wall thickness of the trailing end portion of the tube blank is reduced before the trailing end portion is introduced into the reduction zone of the rolling mill.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing seamless pipes having medium-thick or thin walls from an elongated hollow body of limited length which is reshaped by rolling to the desired final dimension, as well as a rolling apparatus for the carrying out of the method. This method of manufacturing seamless pipes having medium-thick or thin walls from an elongated hollow body is characterized by the fact that, with only one rolling pass the diameter of the hollow body is significantly reduced and by using an inner tool the inner surface is smoothed with only a slight change in wall thickness. Further, this method allows for the rolling of the axis of the hollow body to align with the axis of rolling. The rolling apparatus includes an inner tool which cooperates with two rolls to reduce the diameter of the pipe to a desired final dimension, the two rolls each having an inlet part, a feed part, a reducing part inclined at an angle within the range of more than 2.degree. and up to 10.degree.

Abstract: An apparatus for flattening irregular circumferential surfaces in spirally formed pipe and for cutting such pipes is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pipe surface flattening assembly and a rotating knife assembly. The pipe surface flattening assembly includes an upper roller and a lower roller which are brought into flattening contact with the surface of the pipe in the area to be cut. The rollers move axially with the pipe and cooperate with an inner roller located inside the pipe to flatten any raised surface irregularities on the inside and outside surface of the pipe as the pipe rotates between the rollers. The rotating knife assembly includes an inner knife located inside the pipe and an outer wire positioned outside the pipe. A rotatable support roller is positioned outside the pipe, and opposite the outer knife. To cut the pipe, the outer knife punctures the pipe in the area previously flattened. The outer knife overlaps the inner knife and the support roller abuts the opposite side of the pipe.

Abstract: A finning and thread rolling machine capable of producing an integral finned tube, an extended finned tube or a wrap-on finned tube, whichever is desired, the tubing to be used for extended surface heat transfer. Types of tubes produced are integral low finned tube, bi-metal fin tube with extruded high finned tube on the outer portion, and extruded integral/high finned tube and spiral strip helical wrap-on finned tube. The apparatus also provides a two and three die thread rolling machine for thru-feed threading and form rolling.

Abstract: Rolling tools are rotatably mounted in rotatably driven rolling heads such that they revolve in a planetary-like fashion while the rolling heads rotate. The rolling tools thus roll with blows or impacts upon the outer surface of the rotating workpiece which is advanced along its lengthwise axis. A diameter reduction of the workpiece occurs and the workpiece material is predominantly displaced in lengthwise direction. The workpiece is moved along its axis in the feed direction at an axial feed velocity of at least 3 millimeters for each workpiece revolution, and in the case of hollow workpieces preferably at least at 5 millimeters per workpiece revolution. Difficulties which otherwise arise for certain materials can thus be avoided, and also the production speed and quality can be increased. For hollow workpieces, undergoing internal profiling upon a mandrel, the workpiece which is advanced at high axial feed is preferably also cold rolled during its return feed or motion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a seamless tube formed of a titanium material, such as pure titanium or titanium alloys, by the use of the Mannesmann's method. At first, an ingot formed of the titanium material is processed under the conditions that a heating temperature is 850.degree. to 1,250.degree. C., the final temperature being 600.degree. to 1,100.degree. C., and a working degree being 50% or more so as to be turned into a solid billet. The resulting solid billet is subjected to a piercing within a temperature range of .beta. transus -100.degree. to 1,250.degree. C. so as to be turned into a hollow piece. In this piercing process, inclined rolls of a piercer are descaled. The resulting hollow piece is, in case of need, regulated a size thereof by elongating so as to be turned into a hollow shell. Subsequently, the resulting hollow shell is subjected to a reducing step (reducing conditions: temperature at an inlet side of the mill is 600.degree. to 1,100.degree. C.

Abstract: In fabricating a spiral pipe, a pipe section is pressed in the direction of the pipe axis over an expansion mandrel in a press. The expansion mandrel is spirally curved at least in one end region and provides fast and precise shaping of spiral of any pitch. The method provides that the pipe section carries out relative rotation between the expansion mandrel and the pipe section about the pipe axis. An apparatus to implement the method provides that a press ram which is used to move the pipe section forward, and/or the expansion mandrel, are designed to provide relative rotation therebetween.

Abstract: Ingots hot from rolling are pierced to form a hollow ingot by means of an internal tool of a press or skew-rolling line, and are subsequently elongated to form a tubular bloom by a stretching unit provided with a mandrel rod, and are finally finish-rolled. When inserting or withdrawing the internal tool into or out of the hollow ingot or the mandrel rod into or out of the tubular bloom, inert gas is introduced into the freed interior space in order to prevent scaling of the interior wall of the tubular bloom.

Abstract: Improved method and apparatus for making finned tubing from difficult to work materials such as titanium and stainless steel uses spaced sets of finning discs on a plurality of arbors to form a tube against a mandrel having different diameters under each set of discs. By forming the tube fin tips to their final O.D. in a first disc set and by deepening their roots to bring the fins to their final height in a second disc set, tubes with higher fin counts and/or higher fin heights can be achieved than were formerly possible. The process of separately cold working the tips and roots also permits tubes to be made which are dimensionally identical to prior art tubes but with higher quality and productivity since tube stresses are greatly reduced. An improved titanium tube is also disclosed which has at leasts 26 fins per inch, a fin height of at least 0.034" and an outside to inside surface area ratrio of at least 3.0.

Abstract: According to the well known Grob method, there is fabricated on a mandrel provided with outer or external toothing or teeth a substantially dished or pot-shaped hollow body with corresponding inner or internal toothing or teeth. This fabrication operation starts with a blank comprising an at least partial web portion or dish base and a rim portion or dish rim projecting in a substantially tube-like or tubular configuration from the web portion or dish base. As seen in longitudinal section, this blank possesses a rounded or arcuate portion in the transition region or zone between the rim portion or dish rim and the web portion or dish base. This rounded or arcuate portion has a mean radius of curvature which is at least as large as the wall thickness of the rim portion or dish rim of the blank.

Abstract: A high performance heat transfer tube for use in the condenser of an air conditioning or refrigeration system is formed on a grooved mandrel which has a sufficient number of grooves i.e., thirty six to forty eight, with a suitable helix angle, such as thirty degrees, and a sufficiently small pitch, such as 0.10 inches or less, so that a Moire imprint is avoided in the external fin enhancement. This makes the fin height uniform over the exterior of the tube, which results in an increase in condenser efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transverse, preferably skew, rolling seamless tube blanks, is provided wherein said seamless tube blanks are rolled down by a mandrel rod lying in their longitudinal bore or are rolled onto a mandrel rod at the delivery end. During transverse rolling each tube blank is subjected to a predetermined, controllable torque exerted by the mandrel rod in order to eliminate substantially the formation of pockets in the region of the sizing pass during transverse rolling.

Abstract: A method of forming seamless metal tubing and pipes of large diameter in excess of 500 mm diameter. A thickwalled hollow body is made by continuous casting. Rolling the continuously cast hollow body over a mandrel in an oblique rolling mill to the desired weight per unit length. Radially expanding the rolled hollow body while maintaining its weight per unit length.

Abstract: A mandrel rod is rotatably held against axial displacement and serves as rotor for an asynchronous motor causing the mandrel to rotate so that little, if any, wear occurs on the mandrel as engaging the rolled hollow.

Abstract: In a skew-rolling stand for rolling hollow billets, in particular for stretching hollow billets into tubular blooms, work material guides are provided at the entry end and/or at the delivery end. These work material guides comprise a preferably motor-driven guide tube (19) which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, which considerably improves guiding and offers additional protection against heat losses and scaling of the work material. The guide tube does away with the need for a re-heating furnace and allows immediate subsequent finish-rolling.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a tube having enlarged ends and made of material which can be strengthened by cold working comprises fabricating a pre-form having the overall configuration of the tube but with increased outside diameters and a decreased length. The pre-formed tube is cold forged or cold rolled over its entire length to reduce its outside diameter while maintaining its inside diameter substantially fixed. This elongates the tube and reduces its cross-sectional area. Cold working is continued until the final desired dimensions for the tube are reached. This produces a strengthening effect by cold working over the entire length of the tube.

Abstract: A method of forming ribs on tubes or pipes is characterized by applying to the material of the tube, from which the rib is formed, initial compressive stresses preferably ##EQU1## where Fo denotes the area of the cross-section of the tube before drawing, Fr denotes the area of the cross-section of the core of the tube after drawing the rib, and Re is the plasticity limit. Next, ribs are drawn by driven tools with roll-formed disks while maintaining said compressive stress.

Abstract: A thin-walled hollow body open at one end, e.g. a metal can body (76), is given a terminal neck (74) by engaging a primary chuck nose (22) sealingly in the open end and pressurizing the body internally to pre-stress it and hold it against a lift pad (16); the latter is lowered so that the sidewall end portion (80) is progressively rolled by forming rolls (46) to form the neck partly in free space (38) and partly against a secondary chuck nose (30) which maintains the pressure seal when the seal between the sidewall and the primary chuck nose is broken. In a modification, the rolls (46) may be withdrawn early, so as to leave a terminal flange on the can body.

Abstract: Apparatus for the transfer of mandrels from a lube conveyor to a parallel mandrel pre-insertion line comprises a plurality of transfer devices each of which has an arm for the direct transfer of the mandrels which is disappearingly movable transversely between the said conveyor and the said line and a further pair of arms, one fixed and one movable, having upper saw-tooth profiles cooperating to effect a stepwise displacement of the mandrels between the said conveyor and the said line.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a process and a mill installation for the production of seamless tubes of high quality, in production mills having relatively modest production requirements. The mill installation comprises a cross roll piercing mill for piercing and initially elongating a solid cylindrical billet. Preferably, but not in all cases, the cross roll piercer is followed by a second cross roll "piercer" which functions purely as an elongator, and which functions to substantially elongate the pierced billet, typically in conjunction with an increase in O.D. and reduction in wall thickness. As a key feature, the pierced billet, previously processed by either one or two cross roll piercer/elongators, is thereafter further elongated by means of a Diescher-type elongator, and most particularly a novel form of such Diescher type elongator incorporating a restrained mandrel bar feature.

Abstract: In a rolling mill plant for the manufacture of seamless tubes, a piercing mill (2), a planetary skew rolling mill (15) and a sizing or stretch-reducing rolling mill (18) are arranged one after the other. In order to improve the output and the quality of the products of plant of this kind, it is proposed not to withdraw the shaft rods (11) used during the piercing operation in the mill (2), but also to use them as internal tools in the planetary skew rolling mill (15). The shaft rods can then remain at the entry end upstream of the planetary skew rolling mill (15) from where they can be returned to the piercing mill (2). Alternatively (FIGS. 2 and 4) they can also pass through the planetary skew rolling mill and be returned from the delivery end thereof to the piercing mill. The insertion, hitherto required, of rods into the hollow ingots before entering the planetary skew rolling mill is not required. The heavy scaling of the surface of the bore in the hollow ingot thereby occurring is avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing solid metallic materials having a circular cross section by employing a rotary mill. A three or four roll cross-type rotary mill is employed, with cross and feed angle setting selected so as to meet specific conditions. The method permits efficient production of metallic materials without internal cracks or internal fracture initiated from porosity. In one version of the method the material being worked is rotated. In another version the material is not rotated and the roll housing is rotated around the former. Where the latter version is employed, it is possible to work the material as produced by a continuous casting machine and without cutting.

Abstract: A mandrel-carrier head for fixed-mandrel continuous rolling mill has a horizontal hook portion engageable with the tail of the mandrel. This portion has a U-section in the direction of the rolling axis. One of the limbs or a part thereof is movable towards and away from the other limb, so as to lock the tail of the mandrel previously positioned between the limbs.

Abstract: The present invention is an improvement of such methods as the Stiefel-Mannesman piercing, and the Mannesmann piercing methods with a pair of driven rolls which impart a screw movement to the work piece, and has the roll axis inclined to the centerline of mill. Instead of a conventional pair of driven disc rolls or shoes, one driven disc roll and one shoe or one guide roll are used in the invention to form the rolling pass together with the driven rolls, and the centerline of pass is greatly off set from the centerline of mill toward the one shoe or guide roll. The operating efficiency and quality of tubular products are simultaneously enhanced.

Abstract: In a rolling mill having a perforating head supported on a bar which is rotatable and longitudinally displaceable, the bar is supported on a carriage by way of a gripper fixed to the carriage and engaging a recess in the bar with sufficient radial play to allow rotation of the bar. The recess also affords axial clearance so that the rolling reaction on the perforating head displaces the rear end of the bar into abutment with a planar end contact face of a rotating bearing. The abutment of the end of the bar against the contact face allows the bar to be ejected laterally without previous axial disengagement of the bar from the bearing.

Abstract: Diagonal rolls for stretching hollows are of a truncated-cone-like configuration, each with two shoulders and a recess in between, for cooperation with a cylindrical mandrel rod in order to obtain a two-stages-in-one reduction in wall thickness; the shoulders merge in smoothing surfaces.

Abstract: Method and manufacture for the manufacture of a cooking vessel with a flat, thick-walled bottom and a substantially thinner casing surface, a cup-shaped blank is shaped in the casing area by a rolling process on a substantially cylindrical, rotary mould part. The rolling tool comprises a rigid outer ring and numerous freely rotatable balls revolving in a groove. The area close to the bottom of the mould part is tapered, so that a cavity is formed into which the material can be shaped in the area close to the bottom.

Abstract: Metal pipe is planished by passing it longitudinally between two concentric circular arrays of independently rotatable planishing elements which are urged against the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe. The two circular arrays of planishing elements are radially aligned with each other on opposite sides of the pipe wall, and the pipe is rotated relative to the two arrays of planishing elements while the pipe is being passed therebetween.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a thin metallic tube having a trailing end portion which optionally can be formed with an external diameter substantially corresponding to or varying from that of the remaining rolled portion of the tube rolled in a three roller skewed rolling mill. This is accomplished by causing an angular unisonal displacement of the roller axes to effect an enlargement of the rolling area, and at least during part of the roller movement, a second movement of the roller perpendicular to the axis of the tube.

Abstract: The method resides in feeding a billet in portions into pilger rolls to be worked therein on a mandrel. The billet being positively turned about the rolling axis both in one direction and in the opposite direction in the course of deformation thereof and in the off-contact time when the billet is not engaged by the rolls.

Abstract: A smoothing rolling mill having identical frusto-conical smoothing rollers ounted on axes inclined to the axis of displacement of a tube blank passing between the rollers. The axes of the rollers converge in the direction of displacement of the tube blank. The tube blank is rotated and displaced axially between the smoothing rollers in a conventional manner. If desired, the shafts which mount the rollers for rotation can be pre-loaded with respect to the tube blank.

Abstract: An improved mandrel is provided for use with a tube-finning machine. The mandrel is mounted to a stationary arbor and supports a tubular member during a tube-finning operation. The mandrel comprises a stationary body axially mounted to the arbor and a lubricated bushing which is rotatably mounted on the body. The bushing facilitates rotation of the tubular member relative to the body and supports the interior surface of the tubular member during the finning operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus as disclosed, to produce a work piece, for example -- a twist drill or the same with inside cooling channels by means of a core matrix or core pins incorporated with the deforming pass, instead of using fusable metal filling. The points of the core matrix or core pins are located in the narrow pass of the forming caliber and remain fixed until the work piece is processed. At the end of the forming process, the work piece with its inside, open cooling channels, is expelled and a new operation starts.