Abstract: As yarn travels toward a take-up device after having passed a ballooning area, the travelling course thereof is bent through contact with a pressure sensor. An alarm device generates an alarm when the contact pressure of the yarn, which is monitored by the pressure sensor, is abnormally lowered.

Abstract: A method for preparing cross-sections of yarn samples along the plane perpendicular to the yarn's longitudinal axis is disclosed. This method involves the steps of passing the yarn through a hollow capsule so that the axes of the yarn and the capsule are aligned in parallel, tensioning the yarn to remove any crimp, forming a solid stub inside the capsule to fix the position of the tensioned yarn, and then cross-sectioning the stub perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically determining the count of textile yarns containing a device for taking off definite lengths of a test sample from a supply, scales (19), and an evaluation unit. Means (20) are provided in the path of the test sample upstream of the scales for forming the length of yarn in each test sample into a ball-like bundle (K) for weighing. The ball-like bundle ensures that parts of the test sample do not hang over the edge of the scale pan (23) or become entangled somewhat so as to distort the determination of the weight. The ball-like bundle may be blown from the scale pan simply and safely after a weighing operation by an air jet. The high processing capacity the apparatus permits it to be interfaced with other test apparatus without any problem.

Abstract: A method of estimating yarn temperature comprises, measuring the temperature of a guide pin in contact with the yarn; measuring the tension of the yarn with a tensiometer; and estimating yarn temperature using the correlation:Tyarn=k1+k2.times.Tpin-k3.times.(F-k4)wherein Tyarn is the estimated temperature of the yarn:k1, k2, k3 and k4 are empirically determined constants; Tpin is the temperature of the guide pin; and F is yarn tension.

Abstract: The elastic properties of an optical fiber (10) are determined from measurements of the contact area (20, 24) of the optical fiber (10) against a surface (16, 22), under a loading perpendicular to the surface. In a preferred approach, an optical fiber is passed over a curved surface (22) of a transparent lens in the form of a pulley (38), with a tension applied to the optical fiber (10). The buffer layer (14) of the optical fiber (10) is flattened against the curved contact surface (22), forming a contact region (24) whose area is measurable. The relative elastic deformability of the buffer layer (14), a function of its elastic modulus, is determined from the contact area and other measurable parameters. Contact area measurement is performed continuously as the optical fiber (10) is passed over the pulley (38) by monitoring the amount of light that is transmitted through the contact region (24).

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for the optimal hair shaping treatment of hair coiled onto rollers, e.g. human hair, whereby the deformations of a roller body resulting during a hair shaping treatment are detected and introduced as deformation measurement values to an arrangement for developing the measured values, which compares at least one pre-determined characteristic measurement value corresponding to an optimal running of the treatment with the measured values and then indicates a concordance.

Abstract: An improved measuring device for measuring the unit weight of sliver as it passes through a trumpet includes a trumpet gauge plate for supporting the trumpet and a vibration compensating element mounted on the plate. A plurality of strain gauges for detecting deflections are mounted on front and rear surfaces of a central portion of the plate adjacent a lower portion and the compensating element. The plate is mounted on support means, illustrated as a pair of spring supports, which allow the trumpet to move in response to an overload to eliminate damage to the plate, particularly its central portion where the strain gauges are mounted and to return to its normal position after the overload is gone.

Abstract: An optical slub catcher, particularly suitable for open-end process weaving machines, comprises a special optical head for the measurement of yarn diameter, the analog signal of which is cleaned of the disturbances due to ambient light. This analog signal is furthermore normalized by an original compensating and normalizing unit, and is then digitized. The slub catcher of the present invention is also provided with the following: a detector unit for the detection of Moire defects, a detector unit for the detection of the % VC irregularities, and a unit for spectrogram processing.In addition, the slub catcher of the present invention compensates for dirt build-up, thermal drifts, and aging of the optical head which affect the performance of the slub catchers of the prior art.

Abstract: A method of monitoring yarn quality in a yarn texturing process comprises measuring the velocity of the travelling yarn at two locations and comparing the measured velocities. At a first location the yarn tension is sufficient to draw out the crimp and at a second location the tension is lower such that the crimp is developed. Apparatus for performing this method comprises a measuring device to measure the peripheral speed of a driving roller which is part of a nip-feed device serving to feed a crimped yarn at the first location from a false twist device to a second heater of a false twist texturing machine. At the second location between the second heater and a third feed device of the machine is a second velocity measuring device which comprises an inlet tube, an outlet tube and two discs of brass which form spaced measuring stations spaced by an insulating body.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining characteristics of staple fiber yarn by measuring the change in the yarn diameter after twisting or untwisting of the yarn. The yarn thickness of a length of yarn is measured during a first measuring process and subsequently, by a second measuring process after the twist is released. The two series of values of yarn thickness or diameter can then be compared with one another to determine certain characteristics of the sampled yarn.

Abstract: Device for the continuous measurement of the impregnation level by a substance of fibers which may or may not conduct electricity. This device has a cylindrical resonant cavity (2) excited in accordance with mode TE.sub.113 and provided with first microwave input and output (e1, s1) for respective coupling to a microwave source (2) and a detector (16) of the microwave power from the cavity when the fiber is conductive, so that the first component (E1) of the electrical field of the resonant mode is perpendicular to the fiber, second microwave input and output (e2, s2) for respective coupling to the source and the detector when the fiber is non-conductive, so that the second component (E2) of the electric field of the resonant mode is parallel to the fiber, a mode filter (40) for eliminating from the cavity the first component of the electric field when the fiber is non-conductive, and means for processing the signal supplied by the detector in order to deduce the impregnation rate therefrom.

Abstract: There is disclosed a thread friction measuring arrangement comprising first and second strain gauges arranged in a thread path either side of a cylindrical surface against which friction is to be measured so that the first and second strain gauges give electrical outputs respectively corresponding to the tension in the thread before and after turning around the surface, and further comprising electronic components for computing the frictional coefficient of the thread in the surface from the electrical outputs.

Abstract: The apparatus contains a feed device for the material to be tested, which feed device is formed by a pair of transport rollers (16). Both transport rollers are positively connected to a motor drive. Perfect forward feed of the material is thereby ensured under all conditions and careful treatment of the test material is also ensured, a factor which is particularly advantageous if further measurements are to be carried out on the test material after it has passed through the feed device.As the test material passes through the transport rollers, a traverse motion along the axes of the transport rollers (16) takes place between said rollers and the material to be tested. This ensures very uniform wear on the transport rollers, which in turn ensures smooth forward movement of the material in all circumstances. It also ensures that the path of movement of the thread does not vary during the measuring process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically adjusting the tensile force ratio between axially moving outer and inner threads of cabled yarn during manufacture of such yarn in a cabling machine in which the actual tensile force ratio is measured in the region of the thread guide eye of the cabling machine, such measured tensile force ratio is compared with a desired tensile force ratio and the thread guide eye of the cabling machine is axially adjusted to provide a desired height of the thread balloon in the yarn cabling machine to provide a desired outer and inner thread tensile force ratio. Suitable apparatus, preferably in the form of a hand held instrument is provided for automatically performing such adjustment of the tensile force ratio.

Abstract: The apparatus contains a measuring comb for the material to be tested. The plate like projections of the comb define measuring gaps of different widths through which the material passes to be tested for determining characteristic magnitudes associated with that material. The measuring comb is adjustable transversely to the direction of movement of the test sample and each measuring gap is adjustable to a nominal position. Consequently, the test sample passes through each measuring gap under the same geometrical conditions and is not subjected to deflections which vary from one measuring gap to another. A device for temporarily removing the test sample from the measuring gap, and subsequently guiding it back into the gap, is arranged in the region of the measuring comb so that the zero setting of the apparatus may be adjusted.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of monitoring yarn package offtake performance comprising withdrawing yarn from a package, for a predetermined period of time continuously measuring the tension of said yarn at predetermined time intervals throughout said withdrawal and updating the obtained tension distribution data with each tension measurement. The method also includes noting the maximum and minimum tensions measured and the limiting values of a range of tensions outside which range only a predetermined proportion of said measured tensions fall, and determining an offtake performance factor from said maximum, minimum and limiting values of tensions.

Abstract: An electrical coil driven by an alternating current develops an alternating magnetic field. A segment of a wire-rope specimen is placed next to and on the axis of the coil, but perpendicular to the axis, so that the specimen lies in the field. Two sensor coils detect the field on the opposite side of the specimen from the field coil. The sensor coils are mutually conaxial, and paraxial with the specimen. The sensor coils are spaced apart very slightly, along the length of the specimen--one in each direction from the field-coil axis. Each sensor coil is asymmetric, in the shape of a "D," with its sensitive axis just within the "D" but nearer to the flat side; the specimen is placed just outside the "D" but also next to the flat side. Alternating current induced in the sensor coils are applied to the respective input terminals of a differential amplifier, producing an output signal in which the common signal components tend to cancel out.

Abstract: Device placed at the outlet of a machining zone and having an outflow gauge equipped with two barrels in which a metal wire passes, an electrical current running through the wire which travels under tension between two guides, a pumping installation injecting a machining fluid under pressure through an opening of this guage, an element mounted at another opening of the gauge to measure the outflow of this fluid between wire and barrel, a transducer converting this measurement into an electrical variable, and a comparator suitable for sending a signal to a control unit when this measurement reaches or surpasses a reference value. The control unit is arranged for controlling a pulse generator to change at least one machining parameter in such a way as to bring the measurement of the outflow to or to below the reference value. This device is useful for monitoring the variation in the cross-section of the wire and preventing its breaking.

Abstract: An improved measuring device for measuring the unit weight of sliver as it passes through a trumpet includes a trumpet gauge plate for supporting the trumpet and a pair of weighted elements mounted on each side of the plate. The plate includes upper, lower and central portions wherein the lower portion includes an opening for supporting the trumpet and the central portion has a reduced cross section. A plurality of strain gauges for detecting deflections is mounted on front and rear surfaces of the central portions adjacent the lower portion and the weighted elements. The strain gauges are electrically connected in a modified Wheatstone Bridge configuration. Deflection sensings in strain gauges adjacent the weighted elements cancel out deflection sensings produced by external vibrations to produce an accurate measurement of the sliver weight.

Abstract: A cleaning device serves for cleaning sensing or sensor rollers which are mutually biased towards each other and between which travels a fiber sliver. Roll cleaning is effected by means of a scraper blade which, in accordance with the invention, is moved intermittently into a scraping position and away therefrom. This provides the advantages of reduced wear on the scraper blade provided at the cleaning device and also reduced wear on the peripheral surface of the associated sensing or sensor roller which is to be cleaned.

Abstract: A method of detecting a defect of a running yarn comprises steps of producing an electric signal in accordance with a winding speed of a yarn, correcting a reference value corresponding to a length of a defect of a yarn in accordance with the electric signal, and comparing the thus corrected reference value with a detection signal produced from a yarn defect detecting head thereby to detect a defect of the yarn included in the yarn during feeding.

Abstract: A fiberoptic bundle has one end disposed in the bed of a sewing machine in opposition to the stitch formation region below the throatplate. A strobe light for periodically illuminating the region and a camera for recording visual images of the region are coupled to the opposite end of the fiberoptic bundle. The end of the fiberoptic bundle within the sewing machine bed may be provided in guidepaths for viewing the stitch formation region from different viewing directions, preferably 90.degree. apart. A load cell is disposed on the side of the sewing machine for recording tension transients in the thread en route to the needle.

Abstract: A yarn inspection system which comprises a source of yarn, a defect detector and a take-up stand is provided with the following features. A yarn path extender is located between the detector and the take-up stand and comprises a plurality of rolls each having a yarn contacting surface finish of about 40 to 100 RMS; the longitudinal axes of the rolls are approximately parallel, and the rolls are positioned so that the yarn path about the rolls is sinuous. The take-up stand comprises at least two rolls, at least one of which is driven by a motor, with each of the rolls being positioned for contact with at least one other roll while the yarn passes therebetween when the system is operational. A switch, normally closed when the rolls are positioned for contact with a least one other roll, opens when the rolls are displaced to thereby stop the driving motor.

Abstract: Method for the simultaneous monitoring of yarn quality on a number of similar monitoring points of a textile machine, in which each monitoring point uses one measuring element together with the processors assigned to the measuring elements for processing the pulses supplied by the measuring elements, whereby the various data processing stages for the individual monitoring points run at different rates of repeat. Each group of several measuring elements is allocated to a common processor and the pulse procesing stages with the same rates of repeat are grouped into classes and the rate of running these classes is so controlled that with respect to the individual monitoring points, the relevant data processing stages are repeated approximately periodically.

Abstract: The present invention provides a yarn break detector for spinning and weaving machines comprising at least one pair of detection electrodes, AC amplifiers of high input impedance, a balancer, a differential amplifier, a rectifier and a relay circuit. At least one pair of detection electrodes induce an electric charge on the yarn, and the induced electric potential is amplified, rectified and smoothed. In the event of yarn break or stoppage of yarn run, the relay circuit is activated on sensing the level difference between the high-potential DC voltage generated during normal run of yarn and the low-potential DC voltage generated at the time of yarn break or stoppage of yarn run, and an output signal is issued as yarn break signal, informing of the yarn break or stoppage of yarn run.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed primarily for measuring the linear density of a sliver of fibrous strands (e.g. textile) as they are drawn through a trumpet on a processing machine. The measurement is made by detecting the naturally occurring acoustic emissions or signals generated by the frictional and compressive forces between the fibers and between the fibers and the wall of the trumpet as the sliver is drawn through the trumpet. The intensity of the acoustically emitted signal is proportional to the density of the sliver passing through the trumpet. These acoustic emissions are detected by a microphone which convert the acoustic signals to an electronic signal which is amplified and electronically processed to indicate the density of the sliver and may be used to control the textile machine and furnish diagnostic data.

Abstract: A device for analyzing the characteristics of filamentary material while the filamentary material moves at high speed, and a method for using the device. The material is moved past a sensing array while a light shines against the array. The material will block the light to portions of the array; and, since the array is scanned by an electrical signal of high frequency, a width of the material will be indicated by the output signal. Successive scans, and successive widths, are stored in computer storage, and a profile of the material is constructed. Various statistical data can be computed, and a stop motion device can be activated in the event material is beyond preset standards.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously measuring the variability of an advancing textile strand is disclosed, and wherein the output signal is useful in diagnosing the source of the variations. The method includes the steps of continuously monitoring at least one selected parameter and applying the resulting signal to each of a plurality of integrating networks each having a different predetermined time constant. The output signal from each of the integrating networks is then applied to a root mean square network to produce an output which closely approximates the standard deviation of the output signal of the associated integrating network. In a further embodiment, the signal from the monitoring device is applied to an integrating network, and the output of the integrating network is applied serially to two root mean square networks. Several embodiments of a transducer are also disclosed which are designed to permit the monitoring of a number of parameters in the moving textile strand.

Abstract: An automatic inspecting apparatus for yarn joining device comprising a joining command mechanism which provides a drive command to a joining device in a take-up unit, a yarn sampling mechanism for cutting and holding a certain length of a sample yarn including a joint portion after joining, directly from a yarn travelling path in the take-up unit, a transfer mechanism for transferring the sample yarn up to a measuring apparatus, a setting mechanism for separating the sample yarn from the transfer mechanism and setting it to a measuring position in the measuring apparatus, and a measuring mechanism measuring characteristics of the thus-set sample yarn.

Abstract: Between a feed roll feeding an entangled multifilament yarn to a measuring zone of degree of entanglement and a yarn-forwarding roll forwarding the yarn out of the measuring zone are disposed a first tension roll with a weight attached thereto, a pulley connected to a rotation meter and supported free to rotate, and a second tension roll with a weight attached thereto. A needle capable of piercing the yarn is provided between the pulley and either one of the first and the second tension rolls. Under the state wherein the needle pierces the yarn, an auxiliary weight is added to the first or the second tension roll, and the movement distance of the yarn from the position where the needle pierces the yarn to the position where the point of entanglement is engaged with the needle is measured by detecting the amount of rotation of the pulley.

Abstract: For determining the cross-section of running yarns, rovings and slivers in the textile industry, or of cables and filaments a test object is passed through an enclosed sonic chamber in which standing waves of at least two frequencies are generated by sonic emitters and their state is sensed by sonic receivers. The cross-section of the test object is determined by changes caused by the test object to the standing wave with respect to amplitudes, phases and/or pulses compared with undisturbed wave propagation. The particular arrangement of sonic emitters and sonic receivers causes especially appropriate modes of standing waves to be generated which act with optimum influence on the test object. As the device is used directly on production machines, which experience unavoidable vibrations during operation, measures are provided for at least partial compensation of unwanted signals caused by vibrations in the sonic receivers by their appropriate location and reciprocal electrical connection.

Abstract: Logic signals corresponding to a detected thread break and/or thread loop in a package being wound on a bobbin are evaluated within a logic circuit to communicate the quality of a thread package. The logic signals can be processed in various ways.In one embodiment, discrimination is made of repeated logic signals produced by a single thread break.In another embodiment, the total number of logic signals are counted.Blocking arrangements can be provided to block logic signals caused by the same thread break or thread loop.

Abstract: An improved method and an equipment for detecting a pinhole in hollow filament, wherein the improvement comprises passing the hollow filament through a liquid maintained at a pressure higher than that of the gas in the interior of said hollow filament to allow the liquid to intrude through the pinhole into the interior of the hollow filament and detecting the intruded liquid.

Abstract: Device comprising two identical air capacitors for continuous measurement of the linear mass of textile products. The thread is passed through the air gap of one of the capacitors. Its presence causes differences in capacitance between the two capacitors which are used to detect any irregularities in the thread. The device is characterized in that it comprises a means of simultaneously modifying the air gap of both capacitors to enable different grades of material to be monitored.

Abstract: The improvements relating to capacitive devices for measuring the diameter of a dielectric fiber are based on a particular shaping of the capacitor plates, such as to allow electric field reductions at the edges to be compensated for and hence capacitance measurements to be unaffected by fibre vibrations.

Abstract: An automatic inspecting apparatus for yarn joining device comprising a joining command mechanism which provides a drive command to a joining device in a take-up unit, a yarn sampling mechanism for cutting and holding a certain length of a sample yarn including a joint portion after joining, directly from a yarn travelling path in the take-up unit, a transfer mechanism for transferring the sample yarn up to a measuring apparatus, a setting mechanism for separating the sample yarn from the transfer mechanism and setting it to a measuring position in the measuring apparatus, and a measuring mechanism measuring characteristics of the thus-set sample yarn.

Abstract: A non-contact system for monitoring the tension in an optical waveguide fiber during drawing is provided. The system comprises: (a) means for sensing the motion of the fiber in a direction transverse to the direction in which the fiber is moving; (b) means for analyzing the sensed motion to determine at least one frequency component thereof; and (c) means for monitoring the frequency component so determined so as to monitor the tension in the fiber.

Abstract: Described is a method for measuring hair damage by copper uptake using in the process a simple hair volume measuring device.

Abstract: A spinning frame control system in which identification marks are affixed to spinning bobbins produced by a spinning frame to identify the spinning units which have produced the bobbins, respectively, while on a winder side, yarn quality data are provided on the basis of the bobbin identification marks and fed back to the spinning frame side.

Abstract: A yarn twist measurement device having a freely rotatable disc with its axis parallel to the axis of a travelling yarn. The disc being rotated by the surface twist of the yarn in contact with the circumference of the disc as the yarn travels past the disc. By measuring the circumferential displacement of the disc and the corresponding linear translation of the yarn, the amount of twist on the surface of the yarn can be calculated.

Abstract: Detector circuitry and a system for detecting and/or counting transient events such as the passage of broken filament ends in an article such as a fiber glass strand, and for thereby determining the quality of the article being measured, is disclosed. Optical detectors are arranged to produce output pulses for each measured event, and each includes amplifier means and at least one threshold detector for producing a count pulse representing the measured event. Each detector circuit further includes a feedback loop incorporating an integrator and a drive amplifier for the optical detector light source for stabilizing the light output. An alarm is connected to the output of the drive circuit to monitor the light source current level, so as to measure changes in the light output.Count outputs from the detector circuits are fed to corresponding counters, and at periodic intervals the data contents of the counters are shifted to corresponding latch circuits under the control of a computer or microprocessor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for non-destructively measuring twist in a translating yarn (2) by means of a blade (1) which is in rubbing contact with the translating yarn (2) so that vibrations are imparted to the blade (1). The frequency of vibration of the blade (1) provides a measure of the twist imparted to the yarn (2) so that the signal frequency can be used as a measurement of the twist in a yarn (2) under test or as a feedback signal controlling the rate of twist imparted by a twist insertion station(8) during the formation of a yarn.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for grading fibers in which a tone burst of sound having a known spatial frequency distribution is transmitted along a sound path through a sample of fibers. After the sound waves have passed through the sample, they are detected, and the detected sound waves are analyzed to determine their spatial frequency distribution which is indicative of the grade of the sample of fibers.

Abstract: A glass fiber, strand or a product made of glass fibers is made to pass through a chamber irradiated with high-frequency radiation, so that, if the electrically conductive matters are contained, a high-frequency electric discharge occurs in the chamber accompanied by generation of light. The presence of the electrically conductive matters is made known by detecting this light by a photosensor.

Abstract: For continuously drawing wire the temperature of the wire at each die is measured and the drawing speed is adjusted so the hottest running one of the dies is just below an overheated temperature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the tension on textile fabrics in a textile machine especially a loom. At least a part of a fabric is subjected to simultaneous transverse deflections, the speed of propagation of the simultaneous transverse deflections along the fabric is determined, and the tension on the fabric is determined in accordance with the determined speed of propagation. An exciter and a receiver is utilized for initiating the transverse deflections and determining the speed of propagation thereof.

Abstract: Measurements of yarn denier using capacitance transducers are automatically corrected for moisture. Samples of the yarn to be run are tested at different moisture levels at different frequencies in each of two capacitance transducers. The difference in the apparent denier outputs of the two transducers has been found to be proportional to moisture content. The difference is added to one of the measured values to provide a more correct reading. The difference may be further corrected by a factor derived from the slopes of the curves of transducer output vs. moisture and the slope of the curve of skein denier vs. moisture.

Abstract: The thermal shrinkage properties of yarn are measured by applying heat treatment to the yarn while it travels through a straight yarn path formed between a feed roller and a draw roller. The peripheral speed of the feed roller is set at a desired constant peripheral speed V.sub.1. The tension T of the yarn is detected at the downstream of the feed roller, and the peripheral speed of the draw roller is controlled at a speed V.sub.2 so that the detected tension T becomes equal to a desired preset tension T.sub.0 of the yarn. The thermal shrinkage S(%) is measured through the computation of S=[(V.sub.1 -V.sub.2)/V.sub.1 ].times.100. If the controlling of the peripheral speed V.sub.2 of the draw roller is effected so that V.sub.2 /V.sub.1 =a desired constant value, the detected tension of the yarn can be used for measuring the thermal shrinkage stress of the measured yarn.

Abstract: Device for the determination of the amount of substance or the density of fiber structures, which utilizes the elastic properties of the fiber material. By means of a sphere which is positioned in a conical opening in a duct through which the fibers pass and which presses on the fibers with a part of its surface, a nozzle is throttled, so that the pressure on the nozzle represents a measure for the force on the sphere. This pressure is in a definite relationship to the fiber pressure on the sphere and can be measured with a pressure measuring device and transformed into an electrical signal by means of a normal commercially-available converter. A small groove in the wall of the duct behind the sphere avoids the attachment of fibers between the sphere and the opening.

Abstract: A method for controlling a tufting machine in which a supply length of a ground fabric and a yarn feed length each for a unit stitch number are selected as control measures. Since the motion of a stitch shaft is steady and stable compared to that of a spiked roller, control in accordance with the present invention results in a stable operation of the tufted machine relative to the conventional method, in which the control measures are based on a unit supply length of the ground fabric. A yarn weight per square meter is also measured and indicated during the tufting operation.