Abstract: Systems and methods use bimetallic alloy particles for converting hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to hydrogen (H2) and sulfur (S), typically during multiple operations. In a first operation, metal alloy composite particles can be converted to a composite metal sulfide. In a second operation, composite metal sulfide from the first operation can be regenerated back to the metal alloy composite particle using an inert gas stream. Pure, or substantially pure, sulfur can also be generated during the second operation.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods for preparation of carbon materials. The carbon materials comprise enhanced electrochemical properties and find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, as electrode material in ultracapacitors or batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for processing gas produced from oil and gas reservoirs while removing mercaptans from the gas. Mercaptan-selective membranes are used to debottleneck known systems and methods by removing mercaptans from bottlenecked plant process steps including LPG fractionation and mercaptan sweetening. Hydrogen sulfide can be simultaneously removed by the membranes. Production of on specification LPG and sales gases can be increased.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for treating a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream are provided. The method comprises the steps of contacting the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream comprising C4, C5, C6, and/or C7 hydrocarbons, water, and contaminants with a Linde Type A molecular sieve at dehydration conditions effective to remove water and form a dehydrated feed stream. The contaminants comprise oxygenates, sulfur compounds, or combinations thereof. The dehydrated feed stream is contacted with a sodium faujisite molecular sieve having a silica/alumina molar ratio of from about 2 to about 2.5 at absorption conditions effective to remove the contaminants and form a dehydrated contaminant-depleted feed stream.

Abstract: A process for the reduction of carbon dioxide and carbonyl sulfide from various types of gas emitting sources containing carbon dioxide and/or gas or liquid emitting sources containing carbonyl sulfide, using ion exchange resin.

Abstract: A method of removing mercury and/or sulfur from a fluid stream comprising contacting the fluid stream with a sorbent comprising a core and a porous shell formed to include a plurality of pores extending therethrough and communicating with the core. The core comprises a copper compound selected from the group consisting of a basic copper oxysalt, a copper oxide, and a copper sulfide.

Abstract: Sulfur contaminants, such as elemental sulfur (S8), hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur components in fluids (e.g., air, natural gas, and other gases, as well as water and other liquids) are removed using a silicone-based chemical filter/bath. In one embodiment, a silicone-based chemical filter includes a membrane having a cross-linked silicone that is a reaction product of an olefin and a polyhydrosiloxane. For example, sulfur contaminants in air may be removed by passing the air through the membrane before the air enters a data center or other facility housing computer systems. In another embodiment, a silicone-based chemical bath includes a housing having an inlet port, an outlet port, and a chamber containing a silicone oil. For example, sulfur contaminants in air may be removed by passing the air through the silicone oil in the chamber before the air enters a data center or other facility housing computer systems.

Abstract: Articles for capturing or separating a target gas from a gas stream may include a porous substrate such as a flexible sheet or mat, or a rigid ceramic monolith impregnated or coated with a sorbent composition. The sorbent composition may include a polyamine and a coexistent polymer chemically bonded to the polyamine. The polyamine may include a polyethylenimine. The coexistent polymer may include a polyurethane, a polyolefin-acrylic acid copolymer, or a combination thereof. The sorbent composition may be substantially less water-insoluble than compositions containing only a polyamine and may have high durability and good adsorption capacity for acidic target gases such as carbon dioxide. Methods for preparing the articles using aqueous polymer solutions are provided. Methods for capturing or separating target gases using the articles are provided.

Abstract: A biomass gasification gas purification system includes a dust collector for removing dust in biomass gasification gas (containing tar components) acquired by gasifying biomass by a biomass gasification furnace, a desulfurizer for removing sulfur oxide components in the dust-removed biomass gasification gas, a pre-reforming reactor for reforming tar components in the desulfurized biomass gasification gas, a steam feed unit for feeding steam to an upstream side of the pre-reforming reactor, and a natural-gas feed unit for feeding natural gas on an upstream side of the desulfurizer.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of at least one sulfur compound in a process stream and for recovering at least one sulfur compound from a process stream are provided. A process stream is delivered to a vessel, wherein the vessel comprises an adsorbent material. At least one solvent is transferred into the vessel. One or more fluids are then removed from the vessel. At least one of the fluids removed from the vessel comprises a clean gas. The adsorbent material may be regenerated to yield a high concentration of the at least one sulfur compound.

Abstract: Articles for capturing or separating a target gas from a gas stream may include a porous substrate such as a flexible sheet or mat, or a rigid ceramic monolith impregnated or coated with a sorbent composition. The sorbent composition may include a polyamine and a coexistent polymer chemically bonded to the polyamine. The polyamine may include a polyethylenimine. The coexistent polymer may include a polyurethane, a polyolefin-acrylic acid copolymer, or a combination thereof. The sorbent composition may be substantially less water-insoluble than compositions containing only a polyamine and may have high durability and good adsorption capacity for acidic target gases such as carbon dioxide. Methods for preparing the articles using aqueous polymer solutions are provided. Methods for capturing or separating target gases using the articles are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for removing elemental sulfur from a hydrocarbon fluid using an adsorbent.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improving separation of gas phase streams using an adsorbent, such as 8-member ring zeolite adsorbents or DDR type zeolite adsorbents. Suitable gas phase streams can include at least one hydrocarbon, such as methane or a hydrocarbon containing at least one saturated carbon-carbon bond, and at least one additional component, such as CO2 or N2. The selectivity of the adsorbent is improved by selectivating the adsorbent with one or more barrier compounds. The presence of the barrier compounds is believed to alter the relative ability of potential adsorbates to enter into and/or move within the pores of the adsorbent.

Abstract: A fluidized reactor system for removing impurities from a gas and an associated process are provided. The system includes a fluidized absorber for contacting a feed gas with a sorbent stream to reduce the impurity content of the feed gas; a fluidized solids regenerator for contacting an impurity loaded sorbent stream with a regeneration gas to reduce the impurity content of the sorbent stream; a first non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive an impurity loaded sorbent stream from the absorber and transport the impurity loaded sorbent stream to the regenerator at a controllable flow rate in response to an aeration gas; and a second non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive a sorbent stream of reduced impurity content from the regenerator and transfer the sorbent stream of reduced impurity content to the absorber without changing the flow rate of the sorbent stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

Abstract: Adsorber for adsorbing a fluid, comprising a cylinder with at least two parallel-passage contactors disposed in series in the direction of flow of the fluid to be adsorbed, and characterised in that each contactor comprises an internal insulation.

Abstract: Several embodiments of the invention relate to methods for removing compositions comprising dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or related compounds, or odors associated with same. In several embodiments, systems including activated carbon filters, adsorbents, odor adsorbing fabrics, masks, clean air members and clean air supply assemblies are provided in order to perform said methods. In some embodiments the systems and methods facilitating the treatment of traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, spinal cord trauma, and neurodegenerative illnesses with compositions comprising DMSO.

Abstract: A composition containing titanium and iron compounds, in particular decomposition residue that accumulates as a production residue after the sulphate process during the production of titanium dioxide, is used as an adsorbing agent for inorganic and organic compounds, for example compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium, tellurium, the cyano group or heavy metal. Toxic substances and pollutants may be removed from a fluid using the adsorbing agent.

Abstract: A device for gas analysis includes a detector tube (2) and can be used in the area of explosive or combustible gases. A filter material, which consists of a granular, porous material and has an impregnation for absorbing toxic gases, is provided between the detector tube (2) and a pump (6).

Abstract: A hydrogen extraction system is provided. The extraction system can comprise a compressor for compressing a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and a desulfurization unit for receiving the compressed gas mixture. The system can also comprise a hydrogen-extraction device for receiving a reduced-sulfur gas mixture and a hydrogen storage device for receiving an extracted hydrogen gas. A method of extracting hydrogen from a gas mixture comprising natural gas and hydrogen, and a method of determining an energy price are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for recovery of sulfur hexafluoride is provided. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) may be separated with high-concentration and improved recovery ratio through a multi-stage separation and recovery processes using a plurality of separation membrane modules, and as well, SF6 gas may be concentrated to maximize the SF6 recovery ratio before the separation and recovery processes through the separation membrane modules. Furthermore, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and moisture included in the SF6 waste gas may be removed effectively so as to extend the service life of the separation membrane modules.

Abstract: A novel carbon absorption material is described which is formed from anaerobic digestate. The material has a hollow tubular structure and is particularly advantageous in converting hydrogen sulfide in biogas and in absorbing the converted sulfur and sulfur compounds from biogas into its structure. The material after use as a hydrogen sulfide absorbent has value as a horticultural or agricultural product or as a sulfur impregnated activated carbon. The process for producing this novel carbon absorption material is described. In an embodiment, the process described uses in particular, a humidified inert gas over a temperature range of between about 500° C. to 900° C. to convert anaerobic digestate to an active carbon absorbent. The thermal treatment is relatively mild and retains the fibrous structure of the source material while removing cellulosic and hemicellulosic components from the anaerobic digestate.

Abstract: The method and system for methane separation and purification from a biogas includes collecting a raw Biogas gas stream having methane, carbon dioxide, water, sulfur compounds and non-methane organic compound (NMOC) constituents. The Biogas stream is fed into the intake of a liquid sulfur scrubber or a sulfur adsorber unit where the Biogas is separated into a main gas stream routed downstream in the system and a sulfur compounds stream removed from the system. The main gas stream is then processed by an NMOC absorber and further downstream, by an NMOC adsorber. NMOC produced by both NMOC processes is liquefied, removed from the system and stored. Upstream from the NMOC processes, the main gas stream is processed by at least one CO2, N2, O2 gas separation unit that produces a usable product stream of enriched methane gas, and an off-gas stream, which a VPSAU processes for venting and recycling.

Abstract: A process for the abatement of carbonyl sulphide, carbon disulphide, metal carbonyl compounds, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and arsenic and chlorine compounds from a feed gas comprising the steps of contacting the gas in succession with a first purification agent comprising activated carbon, with a second purification agent comprising alumina, with a third purification agent comprising zinc oxide, with a fourth purification agent comprising a zeolitic material and a fifth purification agent comprising zinc oxide and copper oxide.

Abstract: A method of recycling a tail gas includes converting sulfur present in an acid gas stream into elemental sulfur to produce a tail gas and recycling the tail gas to at least one of a gasification reactor and a gas removal subsystem.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a fuel cell system. In an embodiment, the fuel cell system includes advanced leak test capabilities. In another embodiment, the fuel cell system includes a system to bypass one or more separation units while permitting the fuel cell system to continue to produce electricity. In another embodiment, the fuel cell system includes an alignment system that permits ease of alignment when a fuel cell module is installed proximate a fuel processing module. In another embodiment, the fuel cell system includes a system of supplying auxiliary fuel from a mobile auxiliary fuel supply. In an embodiment, one or more or all of these embodiments may be practiced together in combination.

Abstract: With a method and a system for treatment of a hot crude gas generated by an entrained flow gasification system, removal of the compounds that contain sulfur and carbon is supposed to be undertaken in such a manner that hot gas is made available for further use. This is achieved in that a desulfurization (7) follows the gasifier (2), in series, in the flow path of the hot gas, followed by a solid separation (8, 9), whereby behind the solid separation (8, 9), a partial stream (13) of the gas is provided downstream by way of a water quench (14), a Venturi scrubber (15), a crude gas cooler (16), as well as an H2O separation (17) and a compressor (18), the flow path (19) of which is passed back, cooled, into the circuit, behind the gasification (2) and ahead of the desulfurization system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a carbon dioxide capture power generation system provided with a boiler to combust a fuel in the oxygen atmosphere, a carbon dioxide capture equipment to remove carbon dioxide in the wake flow of the boiler, a piping branching from the wake flow of the boiler to recycle the combustion exhaust gas to the boiler, and a desulfurization equipment to remove sulfur oxides and a sulfuric acid removal equipment to remove a sulfuric acid gas in the upstream of carbon dioxide capture equipment and in the wake flow of the boiler.

Abstract: A desulfurizer includes a filled chamber having a raw fuel passage through which a raw fuel flows, the filled chamber being filled with a desulfurizing agent, a supply chamber disposed upstream of the filled chamber, for uniformly supplying the raw fuel to the raw fuel passage, and a discharge chamber disposed downstream of the filled chamber, for uniformly discharging the raw fuel from the raw fuel passage. The raw fuel passage has first and second reversers for reversing the direction in which the raw fuel flows. The raw fuel passage has a cross-sectional area which is smaller in a downstream portion thereof than in an upstream portion thereof.

Abstract: A composition containing titanium and iron compounds, in particular decomposition residue that accumulates as a production residue after the sulphate process during the production of titanium dioxide, is used as an adsorbing agent for inorganic and organic compounds, for example compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium, tellurium, the cyano group or heavy metal. Toxic substances and pollutants may be removed from a fluid using the adsorbing agent.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the invention relate to systems for removing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or related compounds, or odors associated with same. The systems include adsorbents, odor adsorbing fabrics, masks, clean air members and clean air supply assemblies.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the regeneration of at least one adsorbent bed, comprising at least the steps of: (a) contacting a first adsorbent bed (B1) with a gaseous stream (10) such that at least a portion of adsorbed species in said first adsorbent bed (B1) are released; (b) cooling a second adsorbent bed (B2); wherein a bypass (20) is provided around the second adsorbent bed (B2) and the gaseous stream (10), before contact with the first adsorbent bed (B1), is directed to at least one of (i) the second adsorbent bed (B2), and (ii) the bypass (20) around the second adsorbent bed (B2), wherein the proportion of gaseous stream (10) flowing through the bypass (20) is controlled.

Abstract: A device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream, comprising a container for receiving adsorber material, wherein the container has a fluid inlet opening and a fluid outlet opening, and two fluid connection devices, wherein one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid inlet opening and the other one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid outlet opening, wherein the fluid connection devices are locked in a fluid-tight manner and are designed in such a way that they can each be connected to a fluid line connector and unlocked and, if they are connected to the respective fluid line connector they can be unlocked or are unlocked.

Abstract: Effective synthesis gas purification is achieved by applying copper adsorbents which are resistant to the reduction by the components of the synthesis gas H2 and CO at normal operation conditions. The novel adsorbents are produced by admixing small amounts of an inorganic halide, such as NaCl, to the basic copper carbonate precursor followed by calcination at a temperature sufficient to decompose the carbonate. The introduction of the halide can be also achieved during the forming stage of adsorbent preparation. These reduction resistant copper oxides can be in the form of composites with alumina and are especially useful for purification of synthesis gas or gas streams containing hydrogen carbon monoxide or other reducing agents.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a process for the formation of a CO2-selective absorption material and/or sulfur-selective absorption material. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for the formation of a CO2-selective absorption material that comprises providing a solid material, providing an amine source, contacting the solid material with the amine source to absorb amine molecules on the surface of the solid material, and contacting the absorbing amine molecules on the solid material surface with a CO2 stream such that upon contact with the amine and the solid material, CO2 binds with the amine functional group of the amine molecule, reducing the potential for the interaction of the amine functional group with the solid surface and increasing amine sites available for CO2 capture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fibers, new processes of using said fibers, and new sheath dope compositions for multi-layer spinning processes. The fibers comprise a porous core and a sheath surrounding said porous core. The fibers may be useful in, for example, processes for removing low level contaminants like sulfur compounds from a gas stream like natural gas.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions, apparatus, and methods comprising sorbent fibers. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention are directed towards sorbent fiber compositions for temperature swing adsorption processes. Various embodiments of the present invention comprise sorbent fiber compositions, apparatus comprising a plurality of sorbent fibers, and methods of using the same for the capture of at least one component from a medium, for example CO2 from flue gas.

Abstract: A sorption agent comprising activated carbon and an impregnation of the activated carbon for the sorption of air pollutants, wherein the impregnation contains a zinc compound and a molybdenum compound, as well as a gas-filtering element, such as a respirator canister, containing said sorption agent.

Abstract: This invention provides a metal complex having a gas adsorption capability, a gas storing capability, and a gas separation capability. The present invention attained the above object by a metal complex comprising: a dicarboxylic acid compound (I) represented by the following General Formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined in the specification; at least one metal ion selected from ions of a metal belonging to Group 2 and Groups 7 to 12 of the periodic table; and an organic ligand capable of bidentate binding to the metal ion, the organic ligand belonging to the D?h point group, having a longitudinal length of not less than 8.0 ? and less than 16.0 ?, and having 2 to 7 heteroatoms.

Abstract: A method of remediating at least a portion of a building that contains defective drywall is presented. The method comprises removal of the defective drywall and cross-contaminated drywall, actively desorbing volatile compounds from the building materials exposed after removal of the drywall and passively desorbing remaining contaminants by depositing a film of an absorbent on the accessible surfaces of the exposed building materials. Active desorbing of volatiles can be carried out with forced thermal desorption, where the interior surfaces of the building are heated while the air is removed and replaced with air free of the volatile compounds. The absorbent for passive desorption can be a nanoparticulate metal oxide.

Abstract: A method for producing a substantially desulfurized a hydrocarbon fuel stream at temperatures less than 100° C. The method includes providing a nondesulfurized fuel cell hydrocarbon fuel stream that may include water and passing the fuel stream sequentially through a zeolite Y adsorbent and a selective sulfur adsorbent. The zeolite Y adsorbent may be exchanged with copper ions. The method produces a substantially desulfurized hydrocarbon fuel stream containing less than 50 ppb sulfur.

Abstract: A process for removing polar components from a process stream in a refinery process without cooling the process stream. The process stream is fed to a first adsorber unit to remove contaminants containing sulfur at substantially the same elevated temperature by exposing the process stream to a metal oxide and/or a mixed metal oxide to remove the sulfur containing contaminants and produce a metal sulfide and a desulfurized process stream. The metal sulfide may be regenerated by exposing it to a stream of oxygen and the desulfurized process stream exposed to the regenerated metal/mixed metal oxide to remove moisture from the stream. The stream is then processed within a second adsorber unit to remove nitrogen containing contaminants at substantially the same elevated temperature by exposing the stream to a molecular sieve and/or zeolite.

Abstract: Provided is a filter for removing a sulfur-containing-gas (1), which removes the sulfur-containing-gas by being brought into contact with the sulfur-containing-gas in a gas flow path, the filter including a former filter (11) disposed on an upstream side of the gas flow path, and a latter filter (12) disposed on a downstream side of the gas flow path, wherein the former filter (11) includes a first material for removing a sulfur-containing-gas, the first material including a porous support, and iodine which is supported on the porous support, and is produced by catalytic pyrolysis of ammonium iodide at a thermal decomposition ratio of 80% or more by use of the porous support as a catalyst, and the latter filter (12) includes a second material for removing a sulfur-containing-gas, the second material including an activated carbon fiber, and an alkali component which is supported on the activated carbon fiber.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the invention relate to systems for removing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or related compounds, or odors associated with same. The systems include adsorbents, odor adsorbing fabrics, masks, clean air members and clean air supply assemblies.

Abstract: Crystals of [VOBDC](H2BDC)0.71 were synthesized hydrothemally. The guest acid molecules were removed by heating in air to give high quality single crystals of VOBDC. VOBDC was observed to show crystal-to-crystal transformations on absorption of the guest molecules aniline, thiophene and acetone from the liquid phase. Accurate structural data of the guest molecules and framework deformations were obtained from single crystal X-ray data. VOBDC was also shown to absorb selectively thiophene and dimethyl sulphide from methane.

Abstract: A silicate-resistant sorbent composition, as well as a method of making and using the same, is provided. The sorbent composition generally comprises a support component comprising one or more silicate-resistant silica-containing components that have been treated one or more silicate-inhibiting metals. The inventors have discovered that sorbent compositions made and used according to embodiments the present invention exhibit a surprisingly low in situ silicate generation rate when exposed to oxidative regeneration conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a harmful material treatment system for recovering the energy and removing the harmful material in the process of treating the gas containing the harmful material generated in the multiplex utilization facility, in the display mall, in diverse manufacturing processes and in the vehicle painting process, more particularly, to a harmful material treatment system which can recover the energy contained in the air conditioning facility or in the exhaust gas of the process with an efficiency of more than 90%, for exhausting the inside air to the outside so as to treat the contaminating material such as odor and volatile organic chemicals, and to remove the harmful material with a removal efficiency of more than 90% by adsorbing and concentrating the harmful material with a rotary-type adsorbent.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing purified synthesis gas from synthesis gas comprising sulphur contaminants in the ppmv range, the process comprising the step of: (a) contacting the synthesis gas comprising sulphur contaminants with solid sorbent comprising a metal organic framework, thereby separating sulphur contaminants from the synthesis gas to obtain purified synthesis gas.

Abstract: A method comprising (i) providing a metal organic framework formed by AlIII ions to which fumarate ions are coordinated to produce a porous framework structure, (ii) bringing a substance into contact with the metal organic framework such that the substance is uptaken by the porous metal organic framework to provide storage of or controlled release of, the substance.