Hydrocarbon Sorbed Patents (Class 95/143)
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Patent number: 6637193Abstract: A natural gas engine capable of exhaust emission control over the entire temperature range and at low costs without requiring a complicated structure. An adsorbent (7) is disposed between a fuel tank (4) and a fuel supply port (5) on a suction air passage (2), and NMOG in the fuel gas supplied to the fuel tank (4) is adsorbed by the adsorbent (7) to purify the fuel gas in advance. When the temperature of a catalyst (11) disposed on an exhaust passage (3) reaches an activation temperature, the adsorbent (7) is heated by a heater (9) to a desorption temperature to desorb NMOG from the adsorbent (7) and purify the NMOG by the catalyst (11).Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2002Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masaru Oku, Hiroshi Ogasa, Mari Kohno
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Patent number: 6634119Abstract: Disclosed is an adsorptive ethanol drying apparatus in which microwaves are applied during the regeneration of an absorbent conducted in a continuous adsorption process for drying ethanol, so that the absorbent regeneration can be rapidly achieved at a temperature lower than that used in a conventional heating type regeneration method and within a reduced processing time, thereby being capable of allowing an efficient use of energy while improving the productivity per adsorbent mass. A method for operating the adsorptive ethanol drying apparatus is also disclosed. At an adsorption step, a vaporized ethanol azeotropic mixture is forced to pass through adsorption towers to adsorb water contained in the vaporized ethanol azeotropic mixture to an adsorbent charged in each of the adsorption towers while condensing ethanol in a storage tank.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2001Date of Patent: October 21, 2003Assignee: Korea Institute of Energy ResearchInventors: Jong Kee Park, Soon Haeng Cho, Jong Nam Kim, Jung Il Yang, Hee Tae Beom
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Publication number: 20030177903Abstract: In a process for separating propylene from a mixture comprising propylene and propane, the mixture is passed through a bed of an adsorbent comprising a porous crystalline material having (i) a diffusion time constant for propylene of at least 0.1 sec−1, when measured at a temperature of 373° K and a propylene partial pressure of 8 kPa, and (ii) a diffusion time constant for propane, when measured at a temperature of 373° K and a propane partial pressure of 8 kPa, less than 0.02 of said diffusion time constant for propylene. The bed preferentially adsorbs propylene from the mixture. The adsorbed propylene is then desorbed from the bed either by lowering the pressure or raising the temperature of the bed.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2002Publication date: September 25, 2003Inventors: Sebastian C. Reyes, Venkatesan V. Krishnan, Gregory J. DeMartin, John H. Sinfelt, Karl G. Strohmaier, Jose G. Santiesteban
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Publication number: 20030172808Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of gaseous hydrogen contaminated at least with CO and N2 of the H2 PSA type, where the gas stream to be purified is passed through an adsorption region comprising at least one adsorbent based on zeolite 5A and one adsorbent based on zeolite X exchanged with calcium.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 19, 2003Publication date: September 18, 2003Inventor: Remi Le Bec
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Patent number: 6613126Abstract: A method for storing natural gas by adsorption which comprises separating an available natural gas in an infrastructure side (10) into a low carbon number component mainly containing methane and ethane and a high carbon number component mainly containing propane, butane and the like, and storing the low carbon number component by adsorption in a first adsorption tank (16) and storing the high carbon number component by adsorption in a second adsorption tank (18). The method can solve the problem that the high carbon number component condenses within a pore of an adsorbing agent and hence the adsorption of the carbon number component, the main component of natural gas, is inhibited, and thus improves the storage density. Accordingly, the method can be used for ensuring a high storage density also for an available natural gas. An adsorbing agent for use in the method is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2001Date of Patent: September 2, 2003Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kyoichi Tange, Tamio Shinozawa, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Kouetsu Hibino
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Patent number: 6610124Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process for the separation of impurities such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide and recovery of hydrocarbons from a natural gas stream utilizes two separate adsorption systems, the first containing an adsorbent selective for nitrogen, carbon dioxide or both and the second containing a hydrocarbon-selective adsorbent. In the process, the natural gas stream is passed through a first adsorbent to form a product stream enriched with methane and to adsorb nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide and which further co-adsorbs at least a portion of the hydrocarbons contained in the feed stream. The hydrocarbons are recovered by passing a low pressure waste stream from the first pressure swing adsorption stage which contains co-adsorbed nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons and directing the waste stream to the second pressure swing adsorption stage to adsorb the hydrocarbons and produce a product stream enriched in nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2002Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: William Bachop Dolan, Michael J. Mitariten
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Patent number: 6607584Abstract: A formed adsorbent material includes an adsorbent solid phase and a gas phase ensuring transport of the gaseous components right to the adsorbent, being such that the constants for the transport kinetics of the components adsorbable in the gas phase and in the solid phase are in a ratio of between 0.1 and 10 defined for a gas discharge velocity of 0.2 m/s measured on air at 1 bar and 20° C. or in a ratio of between 0.1 and 10, defined for a gas discharge velocity of 0.01 m/s measured on hydrogen at 30 bar and 40° C.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 2002Date of Patent: August 19, 2003Assignee: L'Air Liquide-Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Serge Moreau, Xavier Badiche
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Patent number: 6592653Abstract: A fluid storage and dispensing system including a vessel containing a low heel carbon sorbent having fluid adsorbed thereon, with the system arranged to effect desorption of the fluid from the sorbent for dispensing of fluid on demand. The low heel carbon sorbent preferably is characterized by at least one of the following characteristics: (i) Heel, measured for gaseous arsine (AsH3) at 20° C. at 20 Torr, of not more than 50 grams AsH3 per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (ii) Heel, measured for gaseous boron trifluoride (BF3) at 20° C. at 20 Torr, of not more than 20 grams boron trifloride per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (iii) Heel, measured for gaseous germanium tetrafluoride (GeF4) at 20° C. at 20 Torr, of not more than 250 grams AsH3 per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (iv) Heel, measured for gaseous arsenic pentafluoride (AsF5) at 20° C.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2001Date of Patent: July 15, 2003Assignee: Advanced Technology Materials, Inc.Inventors: Luping Wang, Joseph Salsbury
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Patent number: 6592650Abstract: A process for separating a gas from a gas mixture containing an organic compound gas or vapor by a hybrid separation combining adsorption with membrane gas separation, using membranes selective for the gas over the organic compound. The membranes use a selective layer made from a polymer having repeating units of a fluorinated cyclic structure of an at least 5-member ring, and demonstrate good resistance to plasticization by the organic components in the gas mixture under treatment.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2002Date of Patent: July 15, 2003Assignee: Membrane Technology and Research, Inc.Inventors: Ingo Pinnau, Zhenjie He, Andre R. Da Costa, Karl D. Amo, Ramin Daniels
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Publication number: 20030126989Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying a syngas of the CO/H2 or N2/H2 type, which consists in removing CO2 and possibly other gaseous impurities (water, etc.) before the gas undergoes a cryogenic process. These impurities are adsorbed by the gas stream to be purified passing over an NaLSX-type zeolite and then desorbed during a regeneration step which may be performed by raising the temperature (TSA) and/or reducing the pressure (PSA or VSA).Type: ApplicationFiled: November 14, 2002Publication date: July 10, 2003Applicant: CECA S.A.Inventors: Stephane Bancon, Remi Le Bec
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Patent number: 6582608Abstract: Discrete non-clumping mechanically stable geometric alloyed material shapes having about 55-95% by weight thermoplastic elastomer and about 5-45% thermoplastic polymer and about 0-12% by weight filler are used for removing organic contaminates from contaminated fluids. The shapes are typically spheres having a maximum dimension of 0.125 inches, or circular discs having a thickness of less than 6 millimeters. The shapes are put in a loose form or packing, and a fluid containing organic contaminants (such as water, air, or a soil slurry) is brought into contact with the shapes so that the shapes absorb organic contaminants from the fluid, typically absorbing more than 90% of the contaminants in the first pass through. The contaminated fluid is typically passed through an ozone generator before being brought into contact with the shapes. The shapes may be foamed, e.g. utilizing about 0.1-10% by weight foaming agent.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1994Date of Patent: June 24, 2003Assignee: Hitech Polymers Inc.Inventor: Gerald W. Miller
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Publication number: 20030101867Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the adsorption of organic vapours from gas mixtures containing them onto activated carbon, said process comprising passing the gas mixture consecutively through at least a first and a second adsorption system, the first system consisting of activated carbon having a first adsorption rate for the said organic vapours and the second system consisting of an adsorbent having a second adsorption rate for the said organic vapours, the said second adsorption rate being higher than the said first adsorption rate, more in particular to such process when used in the operation of vehicle internal combustion engines.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 17, 2002Publication date: June 5, 2003Inventors: James Duff MacDowall, Dirk van de Kleut, Michiel Trijnisse Kleij
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Publication number: 20030097933Abstract: The present invention discloses an adsorbent for selective adsorption of unsaturated hydrocarbons from its mixture with saturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, permanent gases or mixture thereof comprising of silver or copper compound 1 to 70 wt % and substrate 30 to 99%. The invention also discloses a method for the manufacture of an adsorbent for use in selective adsorption of unsaturated hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof from a mixed gas, which comprises impregnating or dispersing a silver (I) or copper (I) compound on a mesoporous substrate or support to form a composite material and subjecting said composite material to heat treatment. In another important aspect, the present invention also relates to a process for separating ethylene and/or propylene from gas mixtures containing them by passing a stream of said gas mixture through a mass of said adsorbent at a temperature from 0° C. to 170° C. and a pressure from 0.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 21, 2002Publication date: May 29, 2003Applicant: INDIAN PETROCHEMICALS CORPORATION LIMITEDInventors: Nettem Venkateswarlu Choudary, Prakash Kumar, Vijayalakshmi Ravi Puranik, Sodankur Garadi Thirumaleshwara Bhat
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Patent number: 6565627Abstract: A rapid pressure swing adsorption (RPSA) process includes the use of an adsorbent fabric. The fabric can be self-supporting, have an average pore diameter greater than 5 Å and/or have a carbon dioxide mass transfer coefficient of at least 0.5 sec−1. Activated carbon cloths can be suitable for use as the adsorbent fabric. The process can be used to prepare high purity hydrogen and other products. Systems including the adsorbent fabric outperform systems lacking such fabrics in RPSA applications.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2002Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Timothy Christopher Golden, Catherine Marie Anne Golden, Daniel Patrick Zwilling
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Patent number: 6565628Abstract: A method to reduce the cycle time in a pressure swing adsorption process by reducing the required pressure equalization time in a cycle, thereby reducing the overall cycle time and increasing product recovery per unit of adsorbent used. This reduces the amount of adsorbent required in the beds for a given feed rate while continuing to provide product at an acceptable product purity, and has the desirable effect of reducing the capital cost of the process equipment required for a given volumetric production rate.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2001Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Jianguo Xu, David Lester Rarig, Tracey Ann Cook, Kuo-Kuang Hsu, Michelle Schoonover, Rakesh Agrawal
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Patent number: 6551380Abstract: A gas separation apparatus and process has a first pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit (110) receiving feed gas (112), which comprises a first and a second component. First PSA unit (110) produces first product gas (114) pre-dominantly containing the first component, and first off gas (116) containing at least some of the first component and second component. Compressor (120) is coupled to first PSA unit (110) to compress first off gas (116) to form compressed off gas (126), which is passed downstream to absorber unit (130), which employs a solvent to remove at least part of the second component from compressed off gas (126), forming an enriched compressed off gas (136B). Second PSA unit (140) receives enriched compressed off gas (136B) and produces second product gas (142) which predominantly contains the first component and a second off gas that is sent to waste or reformer burner (150).Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2001Date of Patent: April 22, 2003Assignee: Fluor CorporationInventors: Satish Reddy, Ravi Ravikumar
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Publication number: 20030070546Abstract: A method for the separation of a gas mixture comprises (a) obtaining a feed gas mixture comprising nitrogen and at least one hydrocarbon having two to six carbon atoms; (b) introducing the feed gas mixture at a temperature of about 60° F. to about 105° F. into an adsorbent bed containing adsorbent material which selectively adsorbs the hydrocarbon, and withdrawing from the adsorbent bed an effluent gas enriched in nitrogen; (c) discontinuing the flow of the feed gas mixture into the adsorbent bed and depressurizing the adsorbent bed by withdrawing depressurization gas therefrom; (d) purging the adsorbent bed by introducing a purge gas into the bed and withdrawing therefrom an effluent gas comprising the hydrocarbon, wherein the purge gas contains nitrogen at a concentration higher than that of the nitrogen in the feed gas mixture; (e) pressurizing the adsorbent bed by introducing pressurization gas into the bed; and (f) repeating (b) through (e) in a cyclic manner.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 12, 2001Publication date: April 17, 2003Inventors: Daniel Patrick Zwilling, Timothy Christopher Golden, Edward Landis Weist, Keith Alan Ludwig
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Publication number: 20030061935Abstract: A separator that uses both centrifugal force and gravity can effect the near-complete separation of liquid particles entrained in a gaseous stream having a high flow rate and velocity. The separator includes a conduit disposed in a vertical orientation, a baffle axially disposed in the conduit, a wire mesh disposed circumferentially around the baffle, and an absorbant filter disposed circumferentially around the wire mesh. The entrained liquid-containing gaseous stream enters the separator through a separator first end, and exits the separator from a separator second end as an essentially liquid-free gaseous stream. By virtue of using the baffle, mesh, and filter to effect the separation of the entrained liquid particles, the separator can effect near-complete liquid removal, yet without imposing any significant back pressure.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 3, 2001Publication date: April 3, 2003Inventor: Daniel C. D'Eletto
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Patent number: 6524544Abstract: A method and apparatus for the decontamination of fluid ammonia are described. Liquid or gaseous ammonia is purified of contaminants by passage through an adsorbent bed, the contaminants accumulating in the bed. A portion of the purified ammonia discharged from the bed is decomposed to hydrogen and nitrogen. The hydrogen is used to regenerate an adsorbent bed which has accumulated sufficient contaminants to reduce its ability to further decontaminate incoming ammonia satisfactorily. Preferably there are a plurality of interconnected adsorbent beds, with some being operated for ammonia decontamination while others are being regenerated, with their operations being reversed as needed to maintain a continual production of decontaminated ammonia from the plurality of beds. Computers or other controllers can be used to control such bed operations and interchanges. Internal production of hydrogen makes the system self-contained and no addition of hydrogen is needed.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2000Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: Aeronex, Inc.Inventors: Daniel Alvarez, Jr., Jeffrey J. Spiegelman
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Patent number: 6521020Abstract: A process for adsorbing hydrocarbons from an acid gas stream includes passing the acid gas stream through an adsorbent which selectively removes hydrocarbons, desorbing the hydrocarbons from the adsorbent and contacting the desorbed hydrocarbons with an acid gas removal solution to remove acid gases which have been coadsorbed with the hydrocarbons. The process is particularly useful in removing hydrocarbons from a hydrogen sulfide-containing stream which is being directed to Claus processing for conversion into elemental sulfur. Useful adsorbents include crystalline titanium silicate molecular sieves containing titania octahedral sites such as ETS-10 and similar materials, as well as high silica aluminosilicate zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2002Date of Patent: February 18, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Kenneth F. Butwell, William B. Dolan, Steven M. Kuznicki
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Publication number: 20030024390Abstract: Trace impurities such as organic compounds in an inert, non-reactive or reactive liquid such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and chlorine are reduced by at least a factor of 5 using liquid purifying systems that contain an ultra-low emission (ULE) carbon. The moisture level of the purified reactive liquid is only slightly higher than that of the contaminated liquid.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 9, 2002Publication date: February 6, 2003Inventors: Hans H. Funke, Robert Torres, Carrie L. Wyse
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Publication number: 20030024391Abstract: Trace impurities such as organic compounds and carbon monoxide in reactive fluids such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, and chlorine are reduced to sub-ppb levels using gas purifying systems that contain a preconditioned ultra-low emission (P-ULE) carbon. P-ULE is capable of removing impurities from a reactive fluid down to parts-per-billion (ppb) and sub-ppb levels without concurrently emitting other impurities such as moisture or carbon dioxide into the purified reactive fluid. The P-ULE carbon is prepared by heating a carbon material to temperatures from 300° C. to about 800° C. in an ultra-dry, inert gas stream, to produce an ultra-low emission (ULE) carbon material, subjecting the ULE carbon to a second activation process under a reactive gas atmosphere to produce a P-ULE carbon and storing the P-ULE carbon in an environment that minimizes contamination of the P-ULE prior to its use in a gas purifier system.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 2, 2002Publication date: February 6, 2003Inventors: Hans H. Funke, Dan Fraenkel, Virginia H. Houlding
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Patent number: 6514317Abstract: Purification of a hydrogen-based gas mixture containing impurities such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen and methane is effected by contacting the gaseous mixture with a zeolite adsorbent which is a shaped product comprised of at least 95%, as determined on the basis of the moisture equilibrium adsorption value, of a low-silica type X zeolite having a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 1.9 to 2.1. The zeolite adsorbent is preferably ion-exchanged with lithium and/or calcium. The zeolite adsorbent is preferably prepared by a process including a step of contacting with a caustic solution a calcined product of a mixture of a low-silica type X zeolite and kaolin clay whereby the kaolin clay is converted to a low-silica type X zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 2001Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Shigeru Hirano, Atsushi Harada
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Patent number: 6508863Abstract: A process for adsorbing hydrocarbons from an acid gas stream includes passing the acid gas stream through an adsorbent that selectively removes hydrocarbons, desorbing the hydrocarbons from the adsorbent and contacting the desorbed hydrocarbons with an acid gas removal solution to remove acid gases which have been coadsorbed with the hydrocarbons. The process is particularly useful in removing hydrocarbons from a hydrogen sulfide-containing stream that is being directed to Claus processing for conversion into elemental sulfur. Useful adsorbents include Y-type zeolites having a silica to alumina mole ratio of less than 15 and a reduced sodium content.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 2001Date of Patent: January 21, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: John W. Byrne, William B. Dolan, Kenneth F. Butwell
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Patent number: 6503299Abstract: This invention provides a two bed pressure swing adsorption process for recovering a primary gaseous component at a purity of over 99% from a feed gas comprising the primary component and one or more impurities.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1999Date of Patent: January 7, 2003Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Mohamed Safdar Allie Baksh, Charles Edward Terbot
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Patent number: 6503297Abstract: A process for separating a gas component from a gas mixture is disclosed. A gas mixture is passed through an adsorption zone which contains an adsorbent which will selectively adsorb a gaseous component from the gas mixture. The adsorption zone contains a layer of monolithic adsorbent and a layer of adsorption beads. Optionally, a third monolithic layer may be employed. The adsorption zone is typically contained in an adsorption vessel.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2001Date of Patent: January 7, 2003Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Yaping Lu, Divyanshu R. Acharya, Arthur I. Shirley, Norberto O. Lemcoff
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Publication number: 20020194991Abstract: Air in a compressed air system is cleaned by consecutively passing the air through a pre-filter (6), silica gel with large pores (7), silica gel with fine pores (8), a molecular sieve (9), and a fine filter (10).Type: ApplicationFiled: April 12, 2002Publication date: December 26, 2002Inventors: Mats Olsson, Mats-Orjan Pogen
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Patent number: 6497750Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process for the separation of nitrogen from a mixture of same with methane, utilizing two separate PSA stages, one containing a nitrogen selective adsorbent and the second containing a methane-selective adsorbent. In the process, the first PSA unit containing a nitrogen selective adsorbent forms a product methane stream and a waste stream rich in nitrogen which is passed to a second PSA unit containing a methane selective adsorbent which forms a product nitrogen stream and a waste stream rich in methane. The waste stream rich in methane can be treated to remove heavy hydrocarbons therefrom before the methane is recycled to feed.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2001Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Kenneth F. Butwell, William B. Dolan, Steven M. Kuznicki
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Patent number: 6491741Abstract: A filter assembly includes a shaped adsorbent article disposed in a housing. The shaped adsorbent article has one or more projections extending from a surface of the article toward the housing to provide for flow of fluid between the shaped adsorbent article and the housing. The filter assembly may optionally include a diffusion channel for additional filtering and/or one or more porous polymer films disposed over inlet or outlet openings in the housing to reduce or prevent particulate contamination. The filter assembly may be used in a device, such as a computer disk drive, to filter a fluid, such as air, within and/or entering or exiting the device.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 2000Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignee: Donaldson Company, Inc.Inventors: Daniel L. Tuma, Andrew C. Dahlgren, Vijay Garikipati, Randy J. Logan
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Patent number: 6491740Abstract: The present invention provides for methods and compositions for gas separation and purification utilizing a metallo-organic polymer adsorbent in processes for separating carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons from gas streams.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2000Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Qing Min Wang, Dongmin Shen, Martin Bülow, Miu Ling Lau, Frank R. Fitch, Shuguang Deng
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Patent number: 6483001Abstract: The present invention describes a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus and process for the production of purified hydrogen from a feed gas stream containing heavy hydrocarbons (i.e., hydrocarbons having at least six carbons). The apparatus comprises at least one bed containing at least three layers. The layered adsorption zone contains a feed end with a low surface area adsorbent (20 to 400 m2/g) which comprises 2 to 20% of the total bed length followed by a layer of an intermediate surface area adsorbent (425 to 800 m2/g) which comprises 25 to 40 % of the total bed length and a final layer of high surface area adsorbent (825 to 2000 m2/g) which comprises 40 to 78% of the total bed length.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2000Date of Patent: November 19, 2002Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Timothy Christopher Golden, Edward Landis Weist, Jr
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Publication number: 20020162452Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process for the separation of nitrogen from a mixture of of same with methane, utilizing two separate PSA stages, one containing a nitrogen selective adsorbent and the second containing a methane-selective adsorbent. In the process, the first PSA unit containing a nitrogen selective adsorbent forms a product methane stream and a waste stream rich in nitrogen which is passed to a second PSA unit containing a methane selective adsorbent which forms a product nitrogen stream and a waste stream rich in methane. The waste stream rich in methane can be treated to remove heavy hydrocarbons therefrom before the methane is recycled to feed.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 26, 2001Publication date: November 7, 2002Applicant: ENGELHARD CORPORATIONInventors: Kenneth F. Butwell, William B. Dolan, Steven M. Kuznicki
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Publication number: 20020162453Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention for treating a gas containing a substance to be decomposed comprises adsorption means equipped with an adsorbent for adsorbing the substance to be decomposed, steam introduction means for bringing steam into contact with the adsorbent, condensation means for obtaining a condensed liquid containing the substance to be decomposed from the steam containing the substance, a reaction tank, condensed liquid supply means for supplying the condensed liquid to the reaction tank, hypochlorous acid supply means for supplying a solution containing hypochlorous acid to the reaction tank, and light irradiation means for irradiating the reaction tank with light.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 26, 2002Publication date: November 7, 2002Inventor: Kinya Kato
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Publication number: 20020144597Abstract: A method of selectively adsorbing propylene in mixtures of propylene/propane and propylene/olefins through the use of zeolites having structures with a maximum of 8-member rings of tetraheda controlling the diffusion rate. Suitable zeolite adsorbents are those having the CHA and ITE structure types. Other 8-member ring zeolites, including aluminosilicates, with a Si:Al molar ratio of at least about 200 and having substantially no free acid are also suitable adsorbents.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 27, 2001Publication date: October 10, 2002Inventor: David H. Olson
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Patent number: 6454838Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process includes providing a pressure swing adsorption apparatus having six beds, and equalizing a pressure of each of the six beds in four steps, wherein at all times during the process, at least one of the six beds is providing offgas. The process is particularly suitable for purifying hydrogen from a feed gas mixture containing hydrogen and at least one of methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and water vapor.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2000Date of Patent: September 24, 2002Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Jianguo Xu, Edward Landis Weist, Jr.
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Patent number: 6447576Abstract: A cleaning agent and a cleaning process for cleaning a harmful gas containing, as a harmful component, an organometallic compound represented by the general formula: Rm—M—Hn wherein R is alkyl; M is As, P, S, Se or Te; and m and n are each positive integer satisfying the relation: m+n=valence of M are described. The cleaning agent contains, as an effective component, copper (II) oxide or a mixture of copper (II) oxide and manganese dioxide. The copper (II) oxide has a BET specific surface area of 10 m2/g or greater which is extremely larger than that of copper (II) oxide conventionally used as the effective component of known cleaning agents. With such an extremely large BET specific surface area, the cleaning agent strongly and stably adsorbs the harmful organometallic compound, thereby efficiently cleaning the harmful gas without causing desorption of the adsorbed organometallic compound.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2000Date of Patent: September 10, 2002Assignee: Japan Pionics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Otsuka, Yutaka Amijima, Ryuji Hasemi, Youji Nawa
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Patent number: 6444015Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention for treating a gas containing a substance to be decomposed comprises an adsorption unit equipped with an adsorbent for adsorbing the substance to be decomposed, a steam introduction unit for bringing steam into contact with the adsorbent, a condensation unit for obtaining a condensed liquid containing the substance to be decomposed from the steam containing the substance, a reaction tank, a condensed liquid supply unit for supplying the condensed liquid to the reaction tank, a hypochlorous acid supply unit for supplying a solution containing hypochlorous acid to the reaction tank, and a light irradiation unit for irradiating the reaction tank with light.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 2001Date of Patent: September 3, 2002Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Kinya Kato
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Patent number: 6444012Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process for the separation of nitrogen from natural gas utilizes two separate pressure swing adsorption stages, the first containing a hydrocarbon-selective adsorbent and the second containing a nitrogen-selective adsorbent. In the process, the product stream from the first pressure swing adsorption unit contains a natural gas stream having a reduced hydrocarbon content and the product stream from the second pressure swing adsorption unit is a natural gas stream having a reduced nitrogen concentration. The product from the second pressure swing adsorption unit is used to desorb the hydrocarbons from the first pressure swing adsorption unit so as to add the hydrocarbons, which have heat value to the product natural gas stream. Periodically, heating the nitrogen-selective adsorbent with heated product stream from the second pressure swing adsorption unit has been found to improve the capacity of the nitrogen-selective adsorbent to adsorb nitrogen.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2000Date of Patent: September 3, 2002Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: William B. Dolan, Kenneth F. Butwell
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Patent number: 6432171Abstract: The present invention provides for a thermal swing adsorption process for the removal of trace impurities such as oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons from air prior to its separation by cryogenic distillation. The process may utilize three adsorbent layers, the first primarily removes water; the second primarily removes carbon dioxide; and the third layer is a composite adsorbent layer which removes the oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons from the air stream. Another embodiment employs a two layer adsorbent system to remove the impurities. Additionally, a single layer of composite adsorbent may be used to remove water, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and hydrocarbons from the air stream.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2000Date of Patent: August 13, 2002Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Ravi Kumar, Madhusudhan Huggahalli, Martin Bülow
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Process for the production of hydrogen using a carbonated adsorbent with selected dubinin parameters
Patent number: 6425939Abstract: A process for the purification of a gaseous hydrogen flow containing one or more gaseous impurities from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, water vapor, nitrogen, H2S, chlorine, C1-C3 light alcohols, ammonia, carbon dioxide and linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated, C1-C8. The hydrogen flow is placed in contact with a porous carbonated adsorbent having an adsorption limit volume (W0) and an energy parameter of (E0) according to the Dubinin relationship, such that: 0.18 ml.g−1≦W0≦1.50 ml.g−1 and 15 kJ.mole−1≦E0≦45 kJ.mole−1. The porous carbonated adsorbent is selected from active carbons. The gas rich in hydrogen is a reforming gas, an electrolysis gas, a gas from ammonia cracking or from alcohol cracking.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2000Date of Patent: July 30, 2002Assignee: L′Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l′Etude et l′Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Serge Moreau, Bernd Polster -
Patent number: 6425937Abstract: A process for purifying a gas stream containing at least one impurity chosen from the group formed by propane, nitrogen protoxide and ethylene, in which process: (a) the gas stream to be purified is brought into contact with at least one adsorbent including at least one X zeolite containing barium cations; (b) at least one impurity is adsorbed on the adsorbent. Preferably, the adsorbent includes particles of X zeolite exchanged to at least 70%, preferably at least 89%, with barium cations, it being possible for the adsorbent to furthermore include a bed of activated alumina particles which is located upstream of the bed of barium-exchanged X zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2000Date of Patent: July 30, 2002Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Georges Kraus, Cyrille Millet, Serge Moreau, Jean-Pierre Gabillard
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Patent number: 6425941Abstract: The present invention is directed to an activated carbon composition that is resistant to oxidation and the activated carbon bed fires that can result from uncontrolled oxidation of the activated carbon bed. The activated carbon composition of the present invention includes from about 0.0001-25 wt. % of an antioxidant and from about 75-99.9999 wt. % activated carbon including any and all other impregnants and moisture. The presence of the antioxidant on the surface of the activated carbon inhibits uncontrolled oxidation and the activated carbon bed fires that can result. A method of removing solvents from a solvent-laden gas is also disclosed. The method includes passing the solvent-laden gas through an activated carbon bed, which contains the activated carbon composition described above.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 2000Date of Patent: July 30, 2002Assignee: Envirotrol, Inc.Inventor: Robert G. Roodman
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Patent number: 6416569Abstract: Nitrogen oxides and low molecular weight hydrocarbons are removed from air by subjecting the air to a temperature swing adsorption process using as the adsorbent a composite zeolite product containing both zeolite type A and zeolite type X. The composite zeolite product is prepared by crystallizing a sodium ion- or sodium ion- and potassium ion-containing alumina-silica hydrogel under conditions which result in the production of a zeolitic composite which contains both zeolite type A and zeolite type X crystal domains. In a preferred embodiment, calcium ions constitute a substantial number of the composite's exchangeable cations and the type X portion of the composite zeolite product has a silicon-to-aluminum atomic ratio in the range of 0.9 to less than 1.15. The nitrogen oxide- and hydrocarbon-selective adsorbent can be incorporated into an atmospheric air prepurification plant downstream of a water vapor-selective adsorbent and a carbon dioxide-selective adsorbent.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2000Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignees: The BOC Group, Inc., Chemiewerk Bad Köstritz GmbHInventors: Martin Bülow, Adeola F. Ojo, Frank R. Fitch, Baldur Unger, Alfons Brandt
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Patent number: 6409800Abstract: Nitrogen oxides and low molecular weight hydrocarbons are removed from air by subjecting the air to a temperature swing adsorption process using as the adsorbent a composite zeolite product containing both zeolite A and zeolite X. The composite zeolite product is preferably prepared by forming a mixture of an agglomerate of silica and sodium zeolite X having a Si/Al atomic ratio in the range of about 0.9 to less than about 1.2 and a water-soluble sodium aluminate salt; maintaining the mixture at a temperature in the range of about 25 to about 100° C. for a period of time sufficient to convert at least 50% of the silica to sodium zeolite A; and at least partially exchanging the zeolite A-containing product with divalent cations, preferably calcium ions.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2000Date of Patent: June 25, 2002Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Adeola F. Ojo, Frank R. Fitch, Martin Bülow
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Publication number: 20020073847Abstract: A monolith for use in an evaporative emissions hydrocarbon scrubber is disclosed. The monolith, which is concentrically disposed with a shell, has at least one cell group disposed around at least two individual cells, such that the cell group comprises at least three thick walls. The individual cells comprise at least on thin wall, with the thick walls being thicker than the thin wall. A method for using the evaporative emissions hydrocarbon scrubber is also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2000Publication date: June 20, 2002Inventors: Matthew R. Sheline, Charles H. Covert, Susan LaBine, Jonathan M. Oemoke, Eileen A. Scardino
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Patent number: 6391090Abstract: A method and composition for the removal of contaminants in a gas stream used in the contamination sensitive processes of photolithography and metrology are described. The synergistic effect of a combination of an electropositive metal component, a high silica zeolite, and a late transition metal compound effects removal or reduction of the contaminates in the gas which interfere with light transmittance to the ppb or ppt levels necessary for the gas to be suitable for these uses. The removal of neutral polar molecules, neutral polar aprotic molecules, protic and aprotic alkaline molecules, acidic polar species, and neutral non-polar aprotic molecules is accomplished with the claimed composition. Depending on the type of contaminant, the composition components are each varied from 10 to 80 parts by volume, with the total composition limited to 100 parts by volume.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 2001Date of Patent: May 21, 2002Assignee: Aeronex, Inc.Inventors: Daniel Alvarez, Jr., Jeffrey J. Spiegelman
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Patent number: 6387159Abstract: A process for adsorbing hydrocarbons from an acid gas stream includes passing the acid gas stream through an adsorbent which selectively removes hydrocarbons, desorbing the hydrocarbons from the adsorbent and contacting the desorbed hydrocarbons with an acid gas removal solution to remove acid gases which have been coadsorbed with the hydrocarbons. The process is particularly useful in removing hydrocarbons from a hydrogen sulfide-containing stream which is being directed to Claus processing for conversion into elemental sulfur. Useful adsorbents include crystalline titanium silicate molecular sieves containing titania octahedral sites such as ETS-10 and similar materials, as well as high silica aluminosilicate zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 2000Date of Patent: May 14, 2002Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Kenneth F. Butwell, William B. Dolan, Steven M. Kuznicki
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Patent number: 6379431Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process including an adsorption apparatus having a plurality of beds and counter-currently purging at least two of the beds simultaneously throughout the process. The number of beds and number of pressure equalization steps are not particularly limited, but a ten-bed, four pressure equalization step process in advantageous. In addition, other ten-bed, four pressure equalization step processes are disclosed which do not counter-currently purge at least two of the beds simultaneously, but which have an average of at least two of the ten beds being simultaneously regenerated by simultaneously providing off-gas from a feed end of each of the beds to an off-gas line.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Jianguo Xu, Edward L. Weist, Jr., David L. Rarig, James Michael Occhialini, Mark Robert Pillarella
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Patent number: 6379430Abstract: A process, especially a PSA or TSA process, for purifying a gas containing at least carbon dioxide (CO2) as impurity, in which the carbon dioxide is adsorbed on an adsorbent comprising particles of activated alumina. According to this process, the activated alumina has a specific surface area of between 200 m2/g and 299 m2/g and contains at least 80% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon oxide (SiO2), iron oxide (Fe2O3) and from 0.001% to 7.25% of at least one oxide of at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium and potassium oxides. According to the invention, the gas stream to be purified is air or a synthesis gas.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'exploitation des procedes Georges ClaudeInventor: Christian Monereau
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Patent number: 6379429Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for use in a manhole or similar structure, whereby the device is designed to filter contaminate gas typically found in such structure. More particularly, the device includes a canister member filled with filtration media, a skirt member designed to direct contaminate gases towards the canister, and a support member for holding the canister in place.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Inventor: Delbert C. Scranton, Jr.