Abstract: A tractable and reversible electroactive polymer which comprises a charged polymer backbone of recurring units of a fused 5,6,5-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring system wherein the 5-membered rings contain at least one nitrogen and a second heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, Se, Te and substituted N, and a sufficient concentration of a charge-compensating ionic dopants associated therewith.

Abstract: Tractable doped electroactive polymers, comprising recurring units of a fused nitrogen-containing unsaturated heterocyclic ring system, are fabricated from the virgin polymer by contacting the polymer with donor or acceptor conductivity modifier atoms or groups of atoms.

Abstract: Tractable doped electroactive polymers, comprising recurring units of a heterocyclic ring system and a sufficient concentration of charge compensating ionic dopants associated therewith.

Abstract: A process of utilizing natural gas to obtain a miscible drive fluid for low pressure reservoirs is described. The process involves upgrading natural gas to ethane, propane and butane constituents which are fabricated into a mixture which is miscible at the reservoir conditions. The process is operated so as to maximize the reuse of the upgraded miscible drive fluid and therefore lower the cost of enhancing the oil recovery from a low pressure reservoir.

Abstract: Tractable doped electroactive polymers are fabricated from the virgin polymer by contacting the polymer with acceptor conductivity modifier atoms or groups of atoms. The polymers comprise recurring units of a fused unsaturated 6,6,6-membered heterocyclic ring systems wherein two heteroatoms are in the center ring and the recurring units are connected between the carbocyclic rings.

Abstract: Tractable doped electroactive polymers, comprising recurring units of a fused nitrogen-containing unsaturated 5,6 membered heterocyclic ring system, are fabricated from the virgin polymer by contacting the polymer with donor or acceptor conductivity modifier atoms or groups of atoms.

Abstract: P-type electroactive polymers comprising recurring diradical units of substituted or unsubstituted polyphenoxazine and an electron acceptor dopant associated therewith.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for accurately diluting an unknown solution. The apparatus is capable of accurately diluting a concentrated solution into a large volume in a reproducible manner. The apparatus is easily disassembled for transportation and field use if necessary. In addition, a process of diluting is disclosed which minimizes the deviations in concentrations from batch to batch. Furthermore, the apparatus includes capillary tubing and stems which enhance the operator's ability to make accurate and reproducible dilutions.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed optical fiber tube and process of fabrication. The hermetically sealed tube is fabricated from rolled wires into shaped sectors such that when the sections are joined a cylindrical tube is formed having a sufficient inside diameter to accept one or a plurality of buffered optical fibers.

Abstract: An in-situ process for recovering hydrocarbons from a diatomite-type formation which comprises contacting the diatomite formation with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 alcohol and thereafter displacing the hydrocarbon-alcohol mixture with an aqueous alkaline solution towards a production well. The aqueous alkaline solution can be displaced with additional solution or another suitable medium such as a connate water drive.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for etching an optical fiber down to a depth in which evanescent waves are encountered. Since the apparatus has a provision to remove harmful etchant vapors, it can be operated in an open room with special venting requirements. The apparatus can project either a constant or pulsating flow of etchant materials over the optical fiber to create fibers with either smooth or abrupt transitions from the outer jacket of an optical fiber down to the inner core. The apparatus is also suitable for etching any material in an area where specially protected and designed venting facilities are unavailable. The apparatus can also be used to etch fine wires, rods, and the like.

Abstract: Three-terminal ternary III-V two-color solar cells incorporating layers of GaAs.sub.1-x-y P.sub.x Sb.sub.y. The three-terminal structure enables the current to be withdrawn from both cells without the necessity of current matching between the two color stacked photovoltaic device. In addition, the three-terminal configuration permits the independent determination of the individual properties of each cell. The stacked two-color cells can be connected in series through the three-terminal arrangement to overcome the problems of independent load matching between the cells encountered with the conventional two-terminal configuration. Finally, the three-terminal two colored solar cells does not require a shorting junction between the homojunction layers of the cells but only a simple transition layer. This speeds the processing of the device.

Abstract: Hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells which incorporate a thin insulating layer between a photoactive layer of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon and a heavily doped radiation incident N or N.sup.+ -type layer of hydrogenated amorphous silicon.

Abstract: Ternary III-V multicolor solar cells incorporating layers of GaAs.sub.1-x-y P.sub.x Sb.sub.y and an improved process of fabricating multicolor photovoltaic III-V compound photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: A P-I-N type compensated amorphous silicon solar cell which incorporates an insulating layer adjacent to the compensated intrinsic amorphous silicon layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling the temperature of a substrate onto which thin films of semiconductor materials are vapor deposited. The apparatus contains a platen contacting a surface of said substrate over the entire length of the deposition zone; said platen having at least one cavity therein and a rounded edge where said substrate first contacts said platen of the beginning of said deposition zone.

Abstract: A hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cell incorporating a compensated photoactive intrinsic region containing N-type and P-type dopants.

Abstract: A CdS/Cu.sub.x S solar cell and method of fabricating the solar cell. The CdS layer of the solar cell is fabricated on a conductive substrate and forms an ohmic contact thereto. Thereafter, a layer of Cu.sub.x S is fabricated on the CdS layer and the combined structure is rinsed in an aqueous acidic rinse having a pH less than about pH3 prior to curing the device in hydrogen at an elevated temperature and fabricating a copper containing electrical contact to the Cu.sub.x S layer. The rinsing of the device prior to curing improves the performance of the finished solar cell.

Abstract: A copper stabilized dipping solution for a photovoltaic device incorporating a Cu.sub.x S layer. The dipping solution contains copper metal which stabilizes the solution by providing a source of copper to continuously reduce CU.sup.++ ions to Cu.sup.+ ions. The copper has no adverse effect on the topochemical formation of a copper sulfide layer on, for example, a semiconductor cadmium sulfide layer in a photovoltaic device. Preferably, the copper stabilized dipping solution has a pH less than about 4.5 and includes counter ions such as chloride or bromide ions.

Abstract: A process for recovering hydrocarbons from a diatomite-type ore which comprises contacting the diatomite ore with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 alcohol and thereafter contacting the diatomite ore-alcohol mixture with an aqueous alkaline solution to separate a hydrocarbon-alcohol phase and an alkaline aqueous phase containing the stripped diatomite ore. Thereafter, the alcohol is distilled off from the hydrocarbon phase and recycled back into the initial process.