Abstract: The invention relates to the sanitary field and more particularly to a disposable article which absorbs liquids and comprises an absorbent mattress (2) having a rectangular shape and covered on its inner face with a liquid permeable sheet (9) such as a non-woven sheet and on its outer face with a liquid impervious sheet (8) such a polyethylene sheet, both sheets being joined together along their edges, said mattress (2) being formed by three superposed layers (14a, 14b, 14c) of cellulose foam sheet, the outer layer being continuous while the other layers (14b, 14c) are comprised of two adjacent semi-layers and arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mattress. The mattress is also provided with lateral mono-layer extensions (16). Application to the making of disposable napkins for babies or adults, sanitary towels, dressings.

Abstract: An apparatus for guiding flexible sheet material for forming a three-dimensional assembly including a drive device and an edge position detector. The drive device includes a spherical drive wheel moving about two perpendicular axes. A drive roller controls the rotation of the wheel in a vertical plane and a shaft controls its rotation in a horizontal plane. The apparatus provides for measurement of angular position and for control of rotation at the end of the shaft which carries the spindle of the drive wheel. The edge position detector is formed from a strip of photoelectric diodes, a light source, and electronic dircuits providing a control signal for the drive device.

Abstract: Water-dilutable coating compositions comprising a combination of specifically selected acrylic copolymers, dissolved in a specifically defined solvent blend, combined with coloring and/or optical effect imparting pigments, and, optionally, polymer dispersions and amine resins, are described. The compositions when used as a base coat for wet-on-wet application of a multi-coat paint system exhibit excellent performance on application and give finishes with outstanding properties.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor capable of determining the partial pressure of various gases (e.g., CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 S, alcohol vapors, hydrocarbons, NO.sub.x, etc.) and, optionally, substantially concurrently, but independently, oxygen content in gases and liquids. The sensor measures the amount of chemisorbent species formed either electrochemically by partial reduction (such as "Reduced-CO.sub.2 " in the case of CO.sub.2) or partial oxidation (in the case of alcohol) or non-electrochemically via specific adsorption (in the case of CO and hydrocarbons) on platinum or other metals. The charge required to oxidize this chemisorbed species is proportional to the amount of adsorbate on the electrode surface which is made a reproducible and reliable function of the partial pressure of the gas to be measured. By the proper selection of the sensor construction and electrical parameters, high sensitivity, fast response time, and high selectivity can be obtained.

Abstract: Modified cationic epoxy resins wherein phenols linked through modified urea groups are used to extend the chain of diepoxy resins are described. The modified cationic resins can be formulated as paints which exhibit excellent properties particularly when used for electrodeposition paints.

Abstract: Photographic element comprising a support and a silver halide emulsion layer comprising in said emulsion layer and/or in a water-permeable layer coated at the same side of the support as said emulsion layer a compound corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, can represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or Alk.sub.1 - X - Alk.sub.2 - Y -, wherein: Alk.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, which may be substituted, X is --O-- or --S--, Alk.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkylene, which may be substituted, and Y is a single bond, --O--, --S--, --CONH--, --SO.sub.2 NH--, or --NHCONH--, R.sup.3 can alternatively represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl-thio, the C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group of which can be substituted, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, however, being other than hydrogen and other than C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl.The invention disclosed includes compounds per se, which correspond to said general formula.

Abstract: A laminated web for use as a roll towel comprises a sheet of plastics scrim 2 between two layers of tissue paper 1. The edge portions of the towel are reinforced with plastics tapes 3 and threads 4. The tapes 3 prevent tearing of the towel across its width while the threads resist bursting of the towel in the regions normally grasped by a user.

Abstract: A signal-processing device for transforming a digital image signal, that has been obtained by sampling and digitization of a video signal obtained by line-wise scanning of an original, to a binary image signal wherein zero points of the two-dimensional second difference of the digital video signal are determined in order to detect contrast transitions in the original. Unwanted noise components in the video signal are eliminated by masking the second-difference signal.

Abstract: A bar magnet is provided comprising a billet of superconducting material in a superconducting condition and having an established magnetic field. The bar magnet is formed by exposing the billet of superconducting material to a magnetic field of the desired extent and shape while the superconducting material is above its critical temperature. While being exposed to the magnetic field, the billet of superconducting material is lowered to its critical temperature so as to stabilize the intensity and pattern of the field. The magnetic field is them removed from the billet of material and the billet maintained at or below the critical temperature.

Abstract: Method of making images by image-wise exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, developing it with an alkaline processing solution in the presence of a silver halide solvent and causing silver complexes to diffuse from the emulsion layer into a non-light-sensitive image-receiving layer in the presence of development nuclei thereby to form a silver transfer image in that layer, said transfer image formation occurring in the presence of at least one heterocyclic azole compound, which influences the density and tone of said transfer image, said compound being contained in said image-receiving layer and/or in said processing solution and being a heterocyclic azole corresponding to the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is .dbd.N-- or .dbd.HC--; Z represents atoms completing a heterocycle; A is a chemical bond or the group --(L.sup.1).sub.n --Alk--(L.sup.2).sub.m -- wherein n is 0 or 1, L.sup.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with stabilized metal pigments, in particular aluminum pigments, particularly against water and moisture, with improved resistance characteristics in aqueous paints. The stabilization of the metal particles is carried out through treatment with carboxyalkylene phosphoric acid esters, and/or carboxyalkylene phosphonic acids, and/or carboxyalkylene phosphinic acids. The carboxylic group of the compounds can be at least partially neutralized if desired.

Abstract: A process for producing self-crosslinking cationic paint binders, water-dilutable upon protonation, on the basis of urea and urethane group carrying reaction products of modified phenols and monoepoxy compounds as well as with the binders produced according to this process and their use in stoving paints, particularly electrodeposition paints are described. The process is characterized in that a substituted urea-phenol-formaldehyde condensate obtained through reaction of an aminoalkylation product of a phenol, carrying an average of at least one secondary amino group with a semi-blocked diisocyanate, or a substituted urea prepared from a semi-blocked diisocyanate and an amine and further reacted with formaldehyde and a phenol, is reacted with a monoepoxy compound, the free aliphatic hydroxy groups of the reaction product being reacted in a further reaction step with di- or polyisocyanates. The paints formulated with these products, at stoving temperatures of from 150.degree. to 170.degree. C.

Abstract: Self-crosslinking paint binders, particularly for the formulation of water-dilutable, cathodically depositable paints (CED-paints), are obtained through reaction of formaldehyde with the reaction product of aminoalkylation products of phenols carrying at least one NH-group and semi-blocked diisocyanates and their subsequent reaction with epoxy compounds. The binders, when cathodically deposited, cure rapidly at low stoving temperatures to provide hard, solvent-resistant coatings.

Abstract: A process for producing self-crosslinking cationic paint binders, water-dilutable upon protonation, on the basis of urea group carrying reaction products of modified phenols and epoxy resins as well as with the binders produced according to the process and their use in stoving paints, particularly in electrodeposition paints is described. The process is characterized in that either an aminoalkylation product of a phenol and a semi-blocked diisocyanate carrying an average of at least one secondary amino group, or a substituted urea prepared from a semi-blocked diisocyanate and an amine, which is further reacted with formaldehyde and a phenol, are reacted with an epoxy compound. The paints formulated with these products, at stoving temperatures of from 150.degree. to 170.degree. C., give films with excellent corrosion resistance and adhesion.

Abstract: Apparatus comprising one suction chamber opposite the upper surface of the sheet material and at least at the entry point and at the exit point. The spray bars (7 to 9) are arranged between two adjacent suction chambers (3, 4; 4, 5; 5, 6). The chambers are arranged above the droplet deflection zone which is limited by the flaps mounted on the edges of the chamber opening.Spray bars are also provided opposite the lower surface of the material.

Abstract: The invention relates to personal hygiene. Its object is an absorbing material consisting of a water-insoluble hydrocolloidal polyelectrolyte absorbing a liquid several times its own weight, and of an isothiazoline-one-3 derivative.Preferably, this absorbing material also includes a transition-metal salt and the isothiazoline-one-3 derivative obeys the general formula: ##STR1## where: R is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group,R' is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or a halogen,Y is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group.The invention applies to using these absorbing materials in the manufacture of disposable personal-hygiene articles.

Abstract: Improvements to machines for heating articles or products by condensation of primary vapor on said products or articles, the primary vapor isolated from the atmosphere by a secondary vapor mass. According to the invention, a first improvement is aimed at lowering the chlorine and fluorine ion contents in the primary and secondary vapors of the plant resulting from the decomposition of said vapors. To this effect, the invention provides an improved washing of the secondary liquid. Furthermore, a dry gas sweeping between damp atmospheric air and the secondary vapor prevents the introduction of atmospheric moisture. Another improvement relates to the automatic compensation of variations in operating conditions by controlling the power balance.

Abstract: A thermal insulating material is formed from layers of reflective sheet material (7) and has expanders (10,11) operable to convert it, on the application of transverse tension, from a closed state to a state in which the layers are held spaced apart. The material is provided with boundary portions for securing it e.g. to the underside of ceiling joists (4) and with deflector means (12) operable to space the material from a planar covering when such covering is applied. Advantageously the deflector means is provided flat and has a triangular cross-section when erected.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable self-crosslinking binders for electrodeposition having a substantially water-insoluble component which is a derivative of a dioxazolidine which carries chain-end or side-chain unsaturated double bonds are described. The binders have favorable wetting properties and emulsifying characteristics, as well as excellent film characteristics in the finished coatings.