Abstract: The present invention provides a focusing and tracking servo circuit used in an optical disk device that can maintain stability of the focusing and tracking servo at a time of recording or reproduction. This focusing and tracking servo circuit includes: a first storage unit that stores a parameter corresponding to light beam power at a time of recording; a second storage unit that stores a parameter corresponding to light beam power at a time of reproduction; and a selector unit that selects from the parameters stored in the first and second storage units upon switching between recording and reproduction, and sets the selected parameters in a detector unit. With this structure, the parameters can be instantly switched at the same time as the switching between recording and reproduction, and the stability of the focusing and tracking servo can be maintained.

Abstract: When a disc 1 is loaded, a focus serve is closed so as to focalize a light beam of the pick up 3 to the disc 1. The disc 1 is rotated by the spindle motor 2 by way of the driver 28. An upper limit value RFt of a slice level is measured in accordance with cross talk of an RF signal, which is read out from a signal recording area of the disc 1, and a lower limit value RFb of a slice level is measured. A slice level Th is calculated in accordance with an equation: Th=(RFt−RFb)/2, then the slice level Th is stored in the memory 135 and is set in the track counting section 120 while image searching.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production process for methanol in which a distillation system is reduced in a size by removing efficiently heat generated in a methanol synthesis reaction and inhibiting by-products from being formed. The present invention provides a production process for methanol comprising a synthetic gas production step in which hydrocarbon is reacted with steam to generate synthetic gas comprising main components of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, a methanol synthesis step in which the synthetic gas described above is reacted on a methanol synthesis catalyst and resulting crude methanol is recovered in the form of liquid and a distillation step in which recovered crude methanol described above is distilled to be separated into waste water containing low boiling organic compounds and high boiling organic compounds and refined methanol, wherein a reactor having a specific structure is used in the methanol synthesis step described above.

Abstract: A motor rotates a recording medium of a disk cartridge loaded in a disk device. A disk-type detecting unit detects whether the recording medium of the disk cartridge loaded in the disk device is a high-capacity recording medium or a low-capacity recording medium. A motor driving controlling unit causes the motor to rotate in accordance with a given reference clock signal, the motor driving controlling unit being set to a first mode for rotating the motor at a first rotation speed when the disk-type detecting unit detects that the recording medium of the loaded disk cartridge is the low-capacity recording medium and being set to a second mode for rotating the motor at a second rotation speed when the disk-type detecting unit detects that the recording medium of the loaded disk cartridge is the high-capacity recording medium, the second rotation speed being higher than the first rotation speed.

Abstract: The microcapsule magnetic display sheet is sequentially provided thereon with a transparent front sheet, a microcapsule layer coated on the transparent front sheet and then a ultraviolet ray curable resin layer. The ultraviolet ray curable resin layer is formed by painting liquid ultraviolet raycurable resin on the microcapsule layer first and then hardening it by irradiating it with UV rays. As the liquid ultraviolet ray curable resin can fill fine gaps of the microcapsules, no hollows left between the microcapsules and the UV resin layer. As the UV resin filled in gaps shares wording pressure, the microcapsules are fully protected and hardly be destroyed. After painting the liquid UV ray curable resin on the microcapsule layer and before it IS hardened, a separable film is covered on it. While a film is covered on it, the sheet is hard and if the film is separated, the sheet is soft. So the stiffness of the magnetic display sheet can be regulated by covering or not covering a film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multilayer print circuit board having at least an inner print circuit pattern and an outer print circuit pattern which are laminated on a substrate through an insulation layer and being electrically connected to each other through a blind hole provided in the insulation layer. The insulation layer is composed of a resin insoluble in an oxidization agent and inorganic powder dispersed in the resin. The inorganic powder is soluble in the oxidization agent. The surface of insulation layer and the wall of the blind hole are roughed by the oxidization agent before the outer print circuit pattern is formed on the surface of the insulation layer by plating, whereby the inorganic powder exposed to the oxidization agent is melted therein, resulting in the roughed surface of the insulation layer and the wall of the blind hole.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multilayer print circuit board having at least an inner print circuit pattern and an outer print circuit pattern which are laminated on a substrate through an insulation layer and being electrically connected to each other through a blind hole provided in the insulation layer. The insulation layer is composed of a resin insoluble in an oxidization agent and inorganic powder dispersed in the resin. The inorganic powder is soluble in the oxidization agent. The surface of insulation layer and the wall of the blind hole are roughed by the oxidization agent before the outer print circuit pattern is formed on the surface of the insulation layer by plating, whereby the inorganic powder exposed to the oxidization agent is melted therein, resulting in the roughed surface of the insulation layer and the wall of the blind hole.

Abstract: A cassette houses a first and a second tape-like recording medium. The cassette is provided with a first and a second reel, at least a first tape guide provided between the first and second reels, a third and a fourth reel and at least a second tape guide provided between the third and fourth reels. The first tape-like recording medium is wound around the first and second reels via the first tape guide. The second tape-like recording medium is wound around the third and fourth reels via the second tape guide. The first and second reels may be arranged in a first direction in the cassette. And the third and fourth reels may be arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction in the cassette. The cassette may have a first side face formed in the first direction and a second side face formed in the second direction, each side face having an opening through which data is recorded on or reproduced from the first or the second tape-like recording medium by a recording and reproducing apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention refers to conjugated compounds of antiviral drugs having hepatotropic activity, methods of making these compounds, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A control apparatus and a VTR are connected via an IEEE1394 interface bus. The control apparatus transmits a command to the VTR via the bus to designate a recording mode and a recording region of input information recorded on a magnetic tape loaded in the VTR. In response to this command, the VTR interprets the content of the received command and performs a recording operation in accordance with the interpreted content. Furthermore, the control apparatus transmits a recording time status command to an information transport apparatus to inquire a recording time of a specific information recorded on the magnetic tape. The information transport apparatus notifies the control apparatus of the recording time. The control apparatus calculates an expected information transport end time based on the information transport start time and the recording time of the specific information notified from the information transport apparatus.

Abstract: An optical disc record carrier having at least one wobbled groove that permits information recording on both groove and land tracks is provided. Each groove has a sync wobbling modulated with a continuous signal and an address wobbling. The address wobbling includes an address portion including address information of each sector. The address portion comprising presence of a first predetermined number of wobbles and absence of a second predetermined number of wobbles. The presence and absence correspond to respective logical values of binary system. The grooves and lands are substantially the same in width throughout and wobble in phase.

Abstract: A recording medium driving apparatus includes a holder into which a cartridge having a recording medium is inserted, a head part, and a cartridge contact preventing mechanism preventing an end of the cartridge from contacting the head part when the cartridge is inserted into the recording medium driving apparatus.

Abstract: A composition comprising A) an aqueous solution wherein the total content of 3-isothiazolinones is below 8 wt/%, and B) a stabilizing compound of the formula: [RxA—C6H2R1R2]y—Z wherein: R, R1 and R2 each independently represents hydrogen, a straight-chained or branched or cyclic alkyl radical, aralkyl or aryl; A is oxygen or nitrogen; Z represents ARx, R1, R2, alkoxy methylene, methylene or alkylidene; provided that when A is oxygen, x is 0 or 1 and when A is nitrogen, x is 1 or 2; and y is 1 or 2; exhibits improved stability.

Abstract: A disk apparatus includes a head carriage having a read/write head which reads information from or writes information to a disk, the head carriage provided to support the head thereon such that the head can be positioned to the disk in a radial direction of the disk together with the head carriage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical disc provided with a watermark inside, which is visible with naked eyes from a reproduction side of the optical disc, and the producing method and the production apparatus thereof. The optical disc comprises a transparent substrate having an information signal recorded surface, a reflective layer formed on the information signal recorded surface thereof, an adhesive layer formed on the reflective layer, a mask layer on the adhesive layer and a transparent dummy substrate on the mask layer stacked in this order. The adhesive layer is made of an adhesive of which curing speed is changed according to a controlled amount of radiation of ultraviolet rays. The watermark is recorded in the optical disc by irradiating the ultraviolet rays on the adhesive through the mask layer provided with light shielding members to cause the adhesive to be cured by controlling a curing speed of the adhesive corresponding to existence or nonexistence of the light shielding members.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a housing, a cylinder, a piston rod, a piston and a chamber. The housing has an inner space containing a hydraulic fluid. The cylinder has an upper room filled with a magnetorhelogical fluid and a lower room filled with the hydraulic fluid. The piston rod is movably inserted in the upper room of the cylinder. The piston is movably inserted in the lower room of the cylinder, secured to the piston rod and structured to form a magnetic field generator. The chamber is mechanically connected to the piston rod. The piston rod further includes at least first orifice for providing a flowing path for the magnetorheological fluid and the piston further includes at least a second orifice for providing a flowing path for the hydraulic fluid in the lower room of cylinder.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a plurality of pixel portions having a switching circuit, and a holding circuit for holding display signal voltage supplied from a signal line. A voltage supply circuit includes a pixel electrode for supplying the voltage held by the holding circuit to a liquid crystal layer. A control circuit is provided for controlling the impedance of the pixel electrode to supply the display signal voltage to the liquid crystal layer for preselected time periods.

Abstract: A coupling system for the transfer of a flat object from a confinement box towards a processing unit for processing the flat object. The coupling system includes a first shutter, at least one second opening, a second shutter, and a third shutter associated with the second opening on a side facing the processing unit, and devices for releasing the first, second and third shutter, after coupling the transfer opening of the confinement box with the transfer opening of the processing unit, in order to allow the transfer of the object between the confinement box and the processing unit.

Abstract: A moving picture signal is encoded by motion-compensated prediction using motion vectors for each motion-compensated block of the moving picture signal. The motion vectors are arranged into motion vector groups for each predetermined number of motion vectors. A code table is selected among a plurality of code tables for each motion vector group for encoding the motion vectors. Code table selection information is then output. The motion vectors is encoded by variable-length coding using the selected code table in accordance with the code table selection information. The code table selection information, the encoded motion vectors and an encoded predictive error signal are then multiplexed. A moving picture bit stream encoded as above is decoded. The moving picture bit stream is demultiplexed into the motion vectors, the code table selection information and the encoded predictive error signal.

Abstract: A method for controlling heat exchange in a nuclear reactor. The reactor contains at least one thermal valve, at least one heat exchanger having a coolant flowing therein, with the heat exchanger being immersed in a pool containing a fluid. The heat exchanger is confined by a container having an upper part with an opening therein and a lower part having means for introducing the fluid through such lower part as well as means for partially or totally opening or closing said opening in the upper part and means for partially or totally opening or closing opening in the lower part. The method comprises the steps of closing the opening in the upper part of the container to thereby vaporize said fluid, in order to cause a cessation of heat exchange between the coolant and the fluid; and opening the opening in the upper part of the container to thereby cause the fluid to be heated and to rise by convection, thereby permitting heat exchange to occur between the coolant and the fluid.