Abstract: A vehicular apparatus which is adapted for removing fluids including snow and/or ice and de-icing or anti-icing liquids from a surface as the apparatus traverses the surface. The apparatus comprises: a first container for receiving a first portion of the fluids removed from a zone of the surface; apparatus for collecting and transferring the first portion of the fluids from the zone to the first container; a second container for collecting residual fluids remaining on the zone of the surface after the first portion is removed; a tank for containing water and a diaphragm pump for pumping water from the tank through nozzles at high pressure on the zone of the surface to loosen the residual fluids or make them airborne; and an air sweep connected in fluid communication with the second container for drawing or sweeping the loosened residual fluids and water into the second container concurrently with impinging high pressure water on the surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas permeable, sensible and latent heat exchange media having a multiplicity of passageways therethrough through which an air stream can flow, the sensible and latent heat exchange media. The heat exchange media comprises a fibrous support material, a finely powdered desiccant material and fire retardant contained in the fibrous support material. The fibrous support material and the fire retardant are capable of adsorbing sensible heat from a warm air stream and releasing the absorbed sensible heat into a cool air stream as the air stream flows through the sensible and latent heat exchange media. The desiccant material is capable of adsorbing moisture from a humid air stream flowing through the sensible and latent heat exchange media and capable of releasing the adsorbed moisture into a dry air stream flowing through the passageways of the sensible and latent heat exchange media.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved carbonaceous material suitable for use as a liner in an aluminum producing electrolytic cell, the cell using an electrolyte comprised of sodium containing compounds and the carbonaceous material penetrable by sodium or nitrogen and resistant to formation or accumulation of sodium cyanide during operation of the cell. The carbonaceous material is comprised of carbon and a reactive compound capable of reacting with one of sodium, nitrogen and sodium cyanide during operation of the cell to produce aluminum, the reactive compound present in an amount sufficient to suppress formation or accumulation of cyanide compounds in the liner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for providing an improved catalyst support comprising the steps of providing a dispersion of alumina in water, the dispersion maintained under acidic conditions; and adding a stabilizing agent to said dispersion, the stabilizing agent capable of stabilizing said dispersion and inhibiting gellation thereof, the stabilizing agent having the formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for providing an improved catalyst support comprising the steps of providing a dispersion of alumina in water, the dispersion maintained under acidic conditions; adding a stabilizing agent to said dispersion, the stabilizing agent capable of stabilizing said dispersion and inhibiting gellation thereof, the stabilizing agent having the formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of electrolytically separating a paint coating front a metal surface comprising the steps of providing a metal member having a surface having a paint coating thereon and contacting the member with an essentially neutral electrolytic solution. The metal member is made cathodic in an electrolytic cell and current is passed from an anode through the electrolytic solution to the metal member for a time sufficient to cause the paint coating to separate from the metal member.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for cleaning fuel injectors used for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine. The apparatus comprises a first means for connecting a source of cleaning fluid to a first end of said apparatus, the cleaning fluid introduced to the apparatus being pressurized; a second means for connecting a second end of the apparatus to a fuel delivery line used for delivering fuel to the injectors, the second means permitting delivery of cleaning fluid into fuel in the fuel line, the first means and second means connected by a cleaning fluid delivery conduit.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for extending the useful life of a reverse osmosis membrane having a high pressure side and a low pressure side, the membrane used for separating soluble and sparingly soluble inorganic materials from an aqueous solution, the process comprising introducing an aqueous solution containing the soluble and sparingly soluble inorganic materials to the high pressure side of a reverse osmosis membrane and pressurizing the aqueous solution on said high pressure side to produce liquid on the low pressure side substantially free of said inorganic materials. Solution containing concentrated inorganic materials is transformed from the high pressure side of the reverse osmosis membrane to a high pressure side of a microfiltration membrane, and soluble inorganic materials transferred to the high pressure side of the microfiltration membrane was precipitated to provide solution containing particles of the inorganic materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a probe for determining the gas content of molten metal. The probe comprises a porous filter head permeable to gas and impermeable to the molten metal and a small diameter tube having an upper portion and a lower portion, the tube attached to the filter head at the lower portion. A device for drawing a vacuum on the tube and a device for measuring gas pressure in the tube is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of determining the presence of glycol in an aqueous solution comprising providing a container containing a mixture of potassium dichromate, a catalyst comprised of mercuric sulfate and silver sulfate, the mixture provided in an acidic solution. To the container is added a controlled volume of aqueous solution containing glycol. The mixture is permitted a time sufficient to change color, the time not being in excess of 15 minutes. The color is compared to a set of color standards to determine the presence of glycol in said aqueous solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite material for handling molten metal, the material having a tensile strength of greater than 30 ksi and being resistant to attack by the molten metal. The composite comprises a base layer of titanium base alloy having bonded thereto a protective refractory coating resistant to attack by the molten metal.

Abstract: A weldless grating comprising a plurality of longitudinal load bearing members, secondary load bearing members and/or tertiary load bearing members having a rod extending through the tertiary load bearing members and primary load bearing members locking the tertiary load bearing members in slots in the secondary load bearing members and locking the secondary load bearing members in slots in the primary load bearing members to form the grating.

Abstract: There is provided an improved method for dispersing a treatment media in a body of molten metal using an impeller to disperse the media in the body of molten metal, the method producing increased shear forces in the body of molten metal and reducing vortex formation. The method comprises the steps of providing a body of molten metal and an impeller on a shaft in the body. A treatment media is added to the body and dispersed by rotating said impeller in one direction and thereafter reversing the direction of rotation of the impeller to a counter direction. The direction of rotation of the impeller is reversed periodically to substantially reduce formation of a vortex around the shaft of the impeller and to provide increased shear forces in the body for purposes of improving treatment of the molten metal by improved dispersion of the media therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for dispersing a treatment media in a body of molten metal using an impeller, nozzles, and other mixing means to disperse the media in the body of molten metal, the method producing increased shear forces in the body of molten metal and preferably reducing vortex formation. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of providing a body of molten metal and an impeller on a shaft in the body. A treatment media is added to the body and dispersed by rotating said impeller in one direction and thereafter reversing the direction of rotation of the impeller to a counter direction. The direction of rotation of the impeller is reversed periodically to substantially reduce formation of a vortex around the shaft of the impeller and to provide increased shear forces in the body for purposes of improving treatment of the molten metal by improved dispersion of the media therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for oxygenation of liquid waste. The method comprises drawing a low pressure stream of liquid waste from a liquid waste tank and introducing an oxygen-containing gas thereto to provide a mixture of liquid waste and gas. Thereafter, the mixture is pumped into a high pressure stream wherein the pressure is maintained in the range of 50 to 1000 psig to obtain an oxygen enriched dispersion. The oxygen enriched dispersion is then discharged into the holding tank.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved casting tip for a nozzle of a continuous caster, the tip designed for transferring molten metal from a molten metal reservoir to a continuously advancing mold as formed, for example, by twin belts, rolls or block casters for casting molten metal into solid form. The casting tip is comprised of a top wall, a bottom wall oppositely disposed from the top wall, a first side wall, and a second side wall oppositely disposed from the first side wall, the first and second side walls joined to the top and bottom walls to form a passage therebetween having an entrance and an exit. The passage has a top wall inside surface having a first portion that first converges towards the bottom wall starting at the entrance and has a second portion that diverges from the bottom wall to the exit, the top wall first portion having a length less than the top wall second portion length.

Abstract: A method for pressurizing a gas using a liquid. The method comprises providing a liquid pump; providing a liquid for introducing to the liquid pump; introducing a gas to the liquid prior to the liquid entering the liquid pump; pumping the liquid and the gas through the liquid pump to provide a compressed mixture of the liquid and gas having an increased pressure; thereafter separating the gas from the liquid while both liquid and gas are under pressure; reducing the pressure of the liquid after the separation; and recirculating the liquid back to the liquid pump.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of casting solidified aluminum comprising providing a body of molten aluminum; providing means for casting solidified aluminum from said molten aluminum and providing a nozzle comprised of titanium adapted to flow molten aluminum into said means for casting said solidified aluminum. The nozzle is electrically preheated before introducing molten aluminum thereto and casting solified aluminum therefrom.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved casting tip for a continuous caster, the tip designed for transferring molten metal from a molten reservoir to a continuously advancing mold for casting the molten metal, the tip comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and two side walls joined to the top wall and bottom wall to form a passage therebetween having inside surfaces exposed to molten metal passing from the reservoir to the mold, the tip fabricated from a composite material comprised of a base layer of a titanium alloy and a refractory layer bonded to the base layer, the refractory layer resistant to attack by the molten metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating synthetic zeolite to remove organic template material therefrom and concurrently therewith effect dealumination of the zeolite. The method comprises the steps of providing a body of synthetic zeolite containing organic template material, the zeolite having an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of at least 7:1. The body is treated with a solution comprised of an alcohol selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol and an acid selected from hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acid at a temperature and time to remove the organic template material therefrom and to effect dealumination thereof to provide a treated zeolite product. The treated product is washed to remove residual solution and then dried to provide a synthetic zeolite product containing a reduced amount of organic template material and having an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of at least 7:1.