Abstract: A pneumatic space and an expansion space are provided in a cooling head hng a double-ended piston. A fluid line from the cooler compressor feeds directly into the expansion space, and, via a fluid delay, into the pressure space. In response to the fluid pressure waves in the lines, the piston is first moved in one direction by fluid in the expansion space and in the opposite direction by fluid in the pneumatic space.

Abstract: A yoke with an elliptical slot in it is driven by a reciprocating motion in guide by a circular cam carried off-center to a rotating shaft. The minor axis of the ellipse is equal to the cam diameter and is parallel to the direction of reciprocating motion. The major axis is equal to the cam diameter plus twice the off-center distance of the cam. The yoke may be attached to a piston in a compressor by a connecting rod, or may be formed as a portion of the piston.

Abstract: A tool for removing a cryogenic cooler from a dewer-detector. The cooler a flange which mounts onto the dewer through a hole on a large flange to which the dewer is mounted. The tool includes parts for holding the flange fixed with respect to a base plate and parts for attaching to the base of the cooler and moving the cooler with respect to the base.

Abstract: An infrared detector array is covered by an insulation subcoat atop which o metal layers are applied. The first layer is a thin sputtered or evaporated layer atop which the thick layer is electroplated. Holes through the metal layers uncover the individual detectors of the array.

Abstract: An evacuating-charging valve assembly consisting of a valve permanently mtable onto a fluid system such as an air conditioning system and a connecting head temporarily attachable to the valve. Two embodiments are shown, in both of which the valve has a flange portion for mounting to the fluid system, and a boss portion. Each boss portion is internally bored and threaded and has a ball-ended setscrew, with the ball against the end of a hole through the flange. In one embodiment, the setscrew has slots through its threads, and the connecting head screws into the boss. In the other embodiment, holes are bored through the boss and the connected head screws onto external threads on the boss. Both connecting heads have a setscrew wrench inside, and an external knob for rotating or linearly moving the wrench, and have passageways through them to an external hose connection. When the setscrews are unscrewed, a fluid passageway exists between the hole through the flange and the external hose connection.

Abstract: A missile control and guidance system employing a combination of generally ertically disposed ailerons and generally horizontally disposed elevators. In order to make a horizontal turn, a combination of aileron and elevator deflections is used, to cause the missile to make a "blanked" turn. The ailerons and elevators are controlled by servos activated by a logic circuit. The logic circuit is connected to a segmented target detector. The missile will maneuver depending on which of the segments of the detector "sees" a target.

Abstract: Two embodiments of a Stirling cooler are shown. Each embodiment includes usual compressor portion and cold finger portion. The compressor is improved by inserting a vibration damper in the master piston rod by employing a unique evacuating-charging valve, and be inserting an in-line filter in the cryogen passageway between compressor and cold finger. The cold finger is improved by lining the inside of the displacer-regenerator piston with a highly reflective coating and by inserting a good heat conducting spring between the end of the piston and the opposite wall of the cold finger expansion chamber. In one embodiment, the drive for the compressor crankshaft is improved by using herringbone reduction gears with the layer gear counterbalanced and by using a torsional drive shaft between the electric drive motor and the small herringbone gear. The other embodiment uses direct torsion-shaft drive of the crankshaft, but with a counterbalance on the crankshaft in the form of a weight on a flexible arm.

Abstract: An infrared detector array and its associated read-out conductors on a surate are covered with an electrically insulating photoresist layer. This layer is metalized, and a thin photoresist layer is applied atop the metal. The thin photoresist layer is exposed through a mask having perforations corresponding to the detectors of the array and to desired bonding lead regions on the conductors; when the layer is developed, regions of the metal are thus uncovered. These uncovered regions are then etched away and the insulating photoresist layer is exposed and developed, with the remaining metal acting as a mask. The thin photoresist layer may be stripped any time after the metal is etched. An array is produced in which regions above and closely around the detectors are uncovered, and regions on the read-out conductors are uncovered. Bonding leads may be applied to the read-out conductors in their exposed regions.

Abstract: A column of infrared detectors are repetitively optically scanned across an nfrared scene. The outputs of the detectors are fed to a viewing matrix of light emitters consisting of a plurality of columns of detectors, each column having light emitters corresponding to respective detectors. As the detectors are scanned across the scene, successive columns of detectors are energized or enabled such that the light emitted by the individual emitters is directly related to the infrared radiation falling on a corresponding detector. The image may thus be directly viewed by an observer. An alternate system employs a storage matrix having light detectors corresponding to the emitters of the viewing matrix such that the output of the viewing matrix, instead of being directly viewed, is stored and is then read out in a normal television raster to provide a video signal for distant television viewing.

Abstract: In order to conserve battery power of an electrically-operated cryogenic ler for an infrared imaging detector, a control logic is inserted between the battery and the cooler. This logic operates to maintain the detector at a higher than optimum operating temperature in a "STANDBY" mode, but holds the detector at optimum temperature in an "ON" mode.

Abstract: A stelliform arrangement of sectors each having a uniform optical density and with different sectors having different optical densities.

Abstract: A visible light absorbing and far infrared radiation emitting membrane is closed in an evacuated cell. The membrane consists of a thin insulating film coated with an optical black made from gold alloyed with a small percentage of nickel, copper or palladium. The gold alloy black is deposited in a soft vacuum inert except for a trace of oxygen.

Abstract: An insulating layer on the surface of a slab of photo-responsive semicondor material is treated to produce a pattern of projections or mesas. The treatment includes the steps of producing a mask on the insulating layer using electron-beam lithography, etching holes in the layer through the mask, stripping the mask, and finishing with the usual electrical conductors on the insulating layer. An alternate embodiment etches the surface of the slab to produce a scrabrous surface, then coats with aluminum oxide and electrical conductors.

Abstract: A method of making transmission mode glass-sealed negative electron affinity (NEA) gallium arsenide (GaAs) photocathodes, utilizing germanium (Ge) as the seed crystal and multilayers of GaAs and gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) grown by metal alkyl-hydride vapor-phase epitaxy. The GaAs serves as the photoemitting layer and the GaAlAs serves as the passivating layer. The Ge, GaAs,GaAlAs combination is sealed to a glass support substrate which serves as the input window for the device. Finally, the Ge is removed and the GaAs is activated.

Abstract: A Stirling Cooler with a three stage cold finger. The finger includes a sped displacer in a stepped cylinder. The cylinder is loosely surrounded by an outer shell, with regenerator material in the space between the outer shell and the cylinder. The displacer-cylinder define three swept expansion spaces each communicating with the regenerator space. Clearance seals exist between the displacer and the cylinder because of small diametrical clearance and long axial length with respect to the diametrical clearance.

Abstract: An objective with two lens elements has a first fully-reflective plane mir between the lens elements, and a second such mirror between the objective and a detector. The outermost lens element and the first mirror are carried in a housing rotatable with respect to another housing carrying the other lens elements and the second mirror. The other housing is rotatable about an axis between the second mirror and the detector. The system may thus do elevation scanning by rotating the first housing, and azimuth scanning by rotating the two housings about the mentioned axis. Image stabilization is accomplished by appropriately stabilizing one or both mirrors.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate is bombarded by ions of sufficient energy to perate the surface of the substrate to some average predetermined depth. The substrate is then scanned by a laser beam having a small diameter compared to the substrate thickness and having sufficient energy to heat the substrate to the predetermined depth. The heat allows surface damage on the substrate from the ion bombardment to heal, and allows the ions and substrate to form a compound to the predetermined depth with controllable redistribution. This compound is the photodetector of the method. The ions may be implanted through a mask to produce isolated detector regions, or the entire substrate surface may be bombarded, and those regions not desired for detector regions may be removed by a laser beam of sufficient energy to cause evaporation of a layer of the substrate. Exemplary substrate and ions are respectively cadmium telluride and mercury.

Abstract: A two-dimensional array of small, thin, flexible, metalized mirrors are mted atop supports on one side of a photoelectric layer. A visible light or infrared image on the other side of the layer induces an electron image (charge pattern) beneath the mirrors. The mirrors deflect towards the layer in accordance with the charge pattern. Light projected onto the mirrors is reflected and forms an image dependent on the deflections thereof.

Abstract: An absorbing coating consisting of three layers sequentially deposited on e aluminized phosphor screen of an electro-optical device such as an image intensifier. The layers are: a transparent dielectric layer with a thickness of about one quarter wavelength of radiation to be absorbed, a thin metal semitransparent layer, and an aluminum oxide protective layer for the thin metal layer. The coating is transparent to electrons bombarding the phosphor, but absorbs radiation which might pass through the photocathode and be reflected from the phosphor aluminum coating back to the photocathode. Such reflected radiation can cause spurious output electrons from the photocathode.

Abstract: A crystal substrate of <111> silicon is doped by being exposed to a liquid etal solvent. The substrate is carried in a cavity in a refractory boat, and the solvent is carried in a perforation of a cover for the boat. The boat is heated to a certain temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and is moved to place the substrate cavity under the cover perforation whereby the solvent and substrate come in contact. The temperature is raised and held to allow the desired substrate-solvent solution to form, then is reduced and held to allow supersaturation and eventually precipitation of the doped substrate. The boat is next moved to remove the cavity from beneath the perforation, is allowed to cool to room ambient, and is removed from the non-oxidizing atmosphere. The doped substrate is then cleaned as desired to remove any attached solvent.