Abstract: A method and apparatus that allows correlations between a selected parameter and the error in a pseudo range measurement to be exploited. A database is established in which the amount of error estimated for particular pseudo range measurements to a beacon is maintained. Clusters are defined. Each cluster is associated with a range of values for the selected parameter. Pseudo range measurements are then associated with a particular cluster based upon the value of the selected parameter at the time (or proximate to the time) the pseudo range measurement was taken. As more estimates of the pseudo range measurements are made, the size of the clusters (i.e., the range of values of the selected parameter) can be reduced. Due to the correlation between the selected parameter and the errors in the pseudo range measurements, reducing the size of the clusters reduces the variance of the error estimates. The mean value of the error estimates is used to correct the error in future pseudo range measurements.

Abstract: A precision carrier frequency signal for calibrating a local oscillator of a GPS receiver which is used to acquire GPS signals. The precision carrier frequency signal is used to calibrate the local oscillator such that the output of the local oscillator, which is used to acquire GPS signals, is modified by a reference signal generated from the precision carrier frequency signal. The GPS receiver locks to this precision carrier frequency signal and generates the reference signal. In another aspect of the invention, satellite almanac data is transmitted to a remote GPS receiver unit from a basestation via a communication link. The remote GPS receiver unit uses this satellite almanac data to determine approximate Doppler data for satellites in view of the remote GPS receiver unit.

Abstract: The invention is a method for limiting the peak transmit power in a CDMA communication system. At least one of first and second high transmit power regions are separated into a plurality of high transmit power subregions. The high transmit power subregions of the plurality of high subregions are shifted by time offsets of differing durations to provide a plurality of time offset subregions. First and second low transmit power regions are also provided. At least one of the first and second low transmit power regions is also separated into a plurality of transmit power subregions and the low transmit power subregions are shifted by time offsets of differing time durations. The subregions can be time offset by a predetermined time duration or by a random time duration.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel and improved method and apparatus for performing frame identification. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a received frame of data is processed by generating estimates of the received frame, measuring a correlation between said estimates and stored estimates of a previously improperly received frame, processing the received frame as a retransmitted frame when said correlation is greater than a first threshold, processing the received frame as a new frame when said correlation is less than a second threshold, wherein said second threshold is less than or equal to said first threshold.

Abstract: A 32 bit digital “amended electronic serial number” (AESN) is generated from a 56 bit “extended electronic serial number” (EESN). The AESN distinguishes each subscriber unit within a wireless system from each other subscriber unit. Two distinct methods are disclosed. In the first method, a manufacturers code field (“MFR”) is tested to determine whether the subscriber unit has been assigned an EESN. If so, then the least significant 8 bits of the manufacturer's code field (“EMFR”) are appended to the “serial number” field (“SN”). In the second method, each manufacturer generates serial numbers by applying a pseudo-random sequence. The “seed” for the pseudo-random sequence is based on the manufacturer's EMFR. This serial number is then combined with the 8 bit MFR.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the transmit power levels of first and second base station transceivers, wherein the first and second base station transceivers are respectively associated with first and second sectors of a cell. The received signal strength of a communication signal arriving at the mobile station is initially determined. A power control value that is based on the received signal strength is then transmitted from the mobile station to the first and second base station transceivers. A first received power control value is next generated by attempting to receive the transmitted power control value at the first base station transceiver, and a second received power control value is generated by attempting to receive the transmitted power control value at the second base station transceiver. A common transmit power value is calculated at a base station controller for the first and second base station transceivers when the first and second received power control values are unequal.

Abstract: Coherent detection of high-speed digital wireless communications becomes more difficult when the frequencies of the transmitter and receiver oscillators do not coincide. A frequency-locked loop may be used to characterize this frequency offset by processing the samples received on a pilot channel. Rather than using the offset information thus derived to correct the frequency of the received signal, the invention realizes a considerable computational savings by applying a frequency correction to the despread pilot samples instead.

Abstract: A novel and improved method and apparatus for searching is described. Channel data is despread utilizing a matched filter structure. The in-phase and quadrature amplitudes of the despreading delivered to coherent accumulators to sum for a programmable duration of time. The amplitude accumulations are squared and summed to produce an energy measurement. The energy measurement is accumulated for a second programmable time to perform non-coherent accumulation. The resulting value is used to determine the likelihood of a pilot signal at that offset. Each matched filter structure comprises an N-value shift register for receiving data, a programmable bank of taps to perform despreading and optional Walsh decovering, and an adder structure to sum the resulting filter tap calculations.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring the load on a CDMA communication system having a base station and a plurality of users. A measure of voice activity in the communication system is determined, and a current value of frequency reuse efficiency equal to an initial value of frequency reuse efficiency is provided. A power determination is made according to the measured voice activity and the current value of frequency reuse efficiency. The current value of frequency reuse efficiency is updated using the power determination to provide a new current value of frequency reuse efficiency. The power determination and the update of the frequency reuse efficiency are iteratively repeated until convergence to provide a converged value of frequency reuse efficiency. The load on the communication system is then determined according to the converged frequency reuse efficiency value.

Abstract: Forward power control during a soft handoff in a wireless communication system is accomplished by tracking each power command (PC) transmitted from a mobile unit to two or more base station transceiver systems (BTSs). Each BTS may interpret power commands differently due to noise. However, the power commands are relayed to a selector along with additional data transmitted in a conventional fashion. The selector determines the power levels of each BTS and transmits power charge commands to maintain power balance between the BTSs. The BTSs may transmit each PC command to the selector or accumulate several PC commands and send a PC history to the selector. The selector generates a reference PC history, which may be one of the PC histories transmitted from a BTS, a combination thereof, the result of data processing on the one or more PC histories.

Abstract: A system test metacontroller including an input device and a processor. The input device accepts a metascript containing commands to control devices which are part of a test arrangement. At least one of the devices is an interactive device responsive to interactive programming instructions, and at least another device is non-interactive. The processor decomposes the metascript into instructions capable of driving the interactive device and the non-interactive device. The invention permits the testing of both interactive and non-interactive devices from one input metascript. The invention should be particularly useful in testing communications networks such as CDMA cellular phone networks.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel and improved method and apparatus for performing position location in wireless communications system. One embodiment of the invention comprises a method for performing position location comprising the steps of receiving signal samples, generating a coarse acquisition sequence, rotating the coarse acquisition sequence yielding a rotated coarse acquisition sequence, and applying the rotated coarse acquisition sequence to the signal samples at a set of time offsets yielding correlated output data.

Abstract: A novel method is disclosed for the allocation of the capacity of a common channel among a number of data producers. In this method, a producer's future allocation grant is based on the extent to which the producer has used a previous allocation grant. The method is applicable to any system wherein the simultaneous use of a common channel by more than one producer may cause a data collision, and an exemplary application to the reverse link of a CDMA telecommunications system is described. Also disclosed are numerous variations and refinements concerning the estimation of remaining channel capacity, the distribution of such capacity among the various producers, and the use of its allocation grant by each producer.

Abstract: A system for facilitating handoff adapted for use with a telecommunications network. The system includes position equipment for determining the location of a mobile transceiver within a region containing a first cell and a second cell. A comparison circuit compares the location with a predetermined handoff area within the region and provides a control signal in response thereto. A handoff initiation circuit initiates handoff of the mobile transceiver between the first cell and the second cell in response to the control signal. In a specific embodiment, the handoff is a hard handoff. The position equipment includes Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment including a mobile unit GPS receiver and signal interface. The comparison circuit includes a positional database that stores latitudinal and longitudinal information corresponding to the predetermined handoff area. The comparison circuit also includes a Code Division Multiple Access selector.

Abstract: A method for conveying packet data from a CDMA mobile station to a GSM network, including communicating with a GSM service node to establish a data link from the mobile station to the network via a radio communications base station. The packet data are conveyed between the mobile station and the base station over a CDMA air interface and are then transferred over the link between the base station and the network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for maximizing the use of available capacity in a communication system having a base station and a plurality of mobile stations. The forward link in the mobile radio system includes a plurality of traffic streams sent on at least one channel from the base station to the mobile stations. The forward link is subject to a maximum power ceiling. A first output power level associated with simultaneously transmitting a first set of one or more traffic streams from the base station to the mobile stations on the forward link is initially determined. Next, the first output power level is compared to the maximum power ceiling. In response to the comparing step, at least one time frame in the forward link having available capacity for transmitting a portion of at least one further traffic stream is identified. The first set of traffic streams and the portion of the at least one further traffic stream are then transmitted simultaneously during the at least one frame on the forward link.

Abstract: An optimum combiner that reduces the amount of interference imposed upon a first base station by transmissions of other base stations within the same communication system. Two antennas are used to receive transmissions within a receiving station. A rake receiver is coupled to each antenna. By optimally combining the signals that are received by each independent finger of the rake receiver, interference that is correlated between a finger associated with the first antenna and a finger associated with the second antenna can be minimized with respect to the desired signal. Optimum combining requires determination of optimum combining coefficients.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the transmission of signals from one or more of a plurality of mobile stations to a base station on a plurality of M multiple access channels. A power control information packet formed from a plurality of power control bits is transmitted from the base station to the one or more mobile stations. Each of the power control bits in the power control information packet has a position that is mapped to a selected access channel and to a time offset within the selected access channel. The power control information packet is received at a first mobile station. A message is then transmitted from the first mobile station to the base station on a first access channel and at a first time offset associated with the first access channel. The message is transmitted from the first mobile station at a power level determined in response to a first power control bit in the power control information packet.

Abstract: A power amplifier circuit arrangement particularly useful for portable phones used in wireless systems. A power amplifier stage can be partially or completely bypassed so that multi-stage amplifiers can be built that allow wide dynamic range of power amplification to be obtained efficiently. A switch at the input of an amplifier stage couples an input signal either to an amplifier or to a bypass path. The output of the amplifier is coupled to a first impedance-transforming network. The bypass path includes a second impedance-transforming network. A third impedance transforming network couples the outputs of the first and second impedance transforming networks. The impedance transforming networks are constructed and arranged so that input and output signals see the correct load regardless of whether the amplifier is used or bypassed. Using the principles of this invention, multi-stage amplifiers can be constructed including input and bypass attenuators to achieve a wide range of gain levels.

Abstract: A method of clipping and a clip configured to retain a cover onto a circuit board. The clip comprises a base plate having right and left sides. The base plate is configured to be fixed to the circuit board. The clip further comprises at least two right walls connected to and extending upwardly away from the base plate. Each of the right walls has a right upper portion. The clip further comprises at least two left walls connected to and extending upwardly away from the base. Each of the left walls has a left upper The right and left walls are spring biased inwardly so that at least a portion of the right and left upper portions overlap. In another embodiment, the right wall includes at least one opening and the left wall includes a middle segment extending towards the opening of the right wall.