Abstract: An apparatus comprises a changeover mechanism which is able to change a connection state of an electric motor output shaft to any one of “an IN-Connection State” in which a power transmission path is provided between a transmission input shaft and the electric motor output shaft, “an OUT-Connection State” in which a power transmission path is provided between the transmission output shaft and the electric motor output shaft, and “a neutral state” in which no transmission path therebetween is provided. When a kick-down-condition is satisfied, a changeover operation for changing an electric motor connection state to the OUT-Connection State is firstly performed. Thereafter, a gear position shifting operation for increasing a transmission reduction ratio is performed. After the kick-down-condition satisfied, an E/G side output torque Te and a M/G side output torque Tm is adjusted in such a manner that a sum Ts of Te and Tm continues to increase.

Abstract: Provided is a light-receiving device which has light-receiving sensitivity superior to that of a conventional Schottky diode type light-receiving device and also has sufficiently-strengthened junction of a Schottky electrode. A first contact layer formed of AlGaN and having conductivity, a light-receiving layer formed of AlGaN, and a second contact layer formed of AlN and having a thickness of 5 nm are epitaxially formed on a predetermined substrate in the stated order, and a second electrode is brought into Schottky junction with the second contact layer, to thereby form MIS junction. Further, after the Schottky junction, heat treatment is performed under a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 600° C. for 30 seconds.

Abstract: A fuel cell (1) includes an anode (11), a cathode (14), an electrolyte layer (13) containing ceria and provided between the anode (11) and the cathode (14), and at least two intermediate layers containing zirconia and provided between the electrolyte layer (13) and the anode (11). The at least two intermediate layers include a first intermediate layer (18) that contains ceria and a second intermediate layer (19) that has a higher zirconia concentration than the first intermediate layer and is provided between the first intermediate layer and the anode.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided that includes an anode, a cathode, a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and an intermediate layer. The solid electrolyte layer includes zirconium and is provided between the anode and the cathode. The barrier layer includes cerium and is provided between the solid electrolyte layer and the cathode. The intermediate layer includes zirconium and cerium, and has a first surface facing the solid electrolyte layer, a second surface facing the barrier layer, and pores. The pore ratio of the intermediate layer is higher than the pore ratio of the barrier layer.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus including a cylindrical chamber having an opening part and a bottomed end part. The chamber includes an element insertion/extraction part, a tapered part, and a gas introduction part. The element insertion/extraction part is a tubular space continuous from the opening part. The tapered part is connected to the element insertion/extraction part, and is a space having a tapered shape in a cross-sectional view sectioned perpendicularly so that a lengthwise direction is larger toward the inner side. The gas introduction part is a tubular space continuously extending from the tapered part to a bottom portion. A sensor element is inserted into the chamber such that a front end thereof reaches the tapered part while a gap is formed between the sensor element and the chamber, and in this condition, an inspection gas is supplied to the chamber through a supply port provided in the gas introduction part.

Abstract: A method for producing a carbon membrane of the present invention is a production method where a carbon membrane obtained by subjecting a carbon-containing layer to thermal decomposition in an oxygen inert atmosphere while sending a gas mixture containing an oxidizing gas thereinto is thermally heated. The carbon membrane is subjected to a heating oxidation treatment with controlling the ratio of the flow rate of the gas mixture to the areas of the carbon membrane to 0.5 cm/min. or more to control (temperature ° C.)2×time (h)/10000, which is the relation between the temperature of the gas mixture and the flow time, to 9 to 32. This enables to obtain a carbon film which selectively separates alcohols having 2 or less carbon atoms from a liquid mixture of the alcohols having 2 or less carbon atoms and organic compounds having 5 to 9 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A honeycomb filter 20 includes a plurality of porous partition portions 22 forming a plurality of cells 23 serving as channels of fluid and trapping layers 24 that are formed on the partition portions and configured to trap a solid component contained in the fluid. In the honeycomb filter 20, a predetermined trapping region present on the partition portions 22 satisfies that, in an inscribed-circle-diameter distribution obtained by dividing an image of the partition portions captured with an electron microscope into a material region and a plurality of pore regions and by drawing maximum inscribed circles individually inscribed in the pore regions, a median pore diameter D50 is 1 ?m or more and 6 ?m or less and a median pore diameter D80 is 1 ?m or more and 7 ?m or less, and an inscribed-circle porosity determined from the inscribed-circle-diameter distribution is 35% or more and 60% or less.

Abstract: The honeycomb filter is constructed as a diesel particulate filter having a filtration function for filtering out the particulate matter included in an exhaust emission of a diesel engine. The honeycomb filter has a honeycomb structure as a base and inlet opening cells with surface layers formed on respective inner surfaces thereof. The surface layer has zero film thickness in an inlet peripheral region. Separation vortexes are generated in the inlet peripheral regions. The zero film thickness of the surface layers in the inlet peripheral regions naturally causes non-flaking of the surface layers induced by the separation vortexes generated in the inlet peripheral regions and thereby leads to non-production of flakes. In the non-existent condition of flakes, the overall surface layers are not collapsed by collision of the flakes.

Abstract: A ferrite powder for producing a ferrite sintered body is provided, the ferrite powder having a median diameter D50 [?m] in a range from 0.1 to 0.8 ?m, a degree of spinel formation in a range from 45 to 90%, and a remanent magnetization Br per unit mass [emu/g] satisfying the following formula after application of the maximum magnetic field of 15 kOe: 0.05?Br?2.0(ln.D50)+6.3. This ferrite powder produces a homogeneous ferrite sintered body having very few cracks by gel casting.

Abstract: An electric appliance having a main electric load, an auxiliary electric load, and a voltage supply for operating both electric loads. An auxiliary voltage is generated by the voltage supply and supplied to the auxiliary electric load at a constant level so that the power of the auxiliary electric load remains substantially the same irrespective of voltage fluctuations in the voltage supply.

Abstract: A lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters, an element containing luminescent material and a second group of solid state light emitters spaced from the element. In some embodiments, (1) at least 50% of light emitted by one of the first group does not mix with light emitted by the second group before the light emitted by the second group has entered the element, (2) at least 90% of exiting light emitted by the second group travels farther within the lighting device than 90% of exiting light emitted by the first group, (3) an average distance traveled by exiting light emitted by the second group is farther than an average distance traveled by exiting light emitted by the second group, and/or (4) light emitted by the first group directly exiting the lighting device exits the lighting device without being incident upon the element.

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck includes (a) a cooling device serving as an RF electrode, including a gas supply port penetrating through the cooling device, the gas supply port extending from one main surface to the other main surface, and a main counter bore portion having a diameter larger than that of the gas supply port, the main counter bore portion provided in an opening of the gas supply port; (b) an arc prevention member buried in the main counter bore portion and made of an insulating member, wherein a gas path is provided, the gas path is configured to communicate with the gas supply port; and (c) an electrostatic chuck body arranged on the cooling device, defining a work mounting surface on a top surface of the electrostatic chuck body, provided with a pore in communication with the gas supply port via the gas path.

Abstract: A lighting device which comprises at least a first solid state lighting device; and at least a first patterned diffuser which comprises a plurality of optical features. If the first solid state lighting device is illuminated, at least some of the light emitted by the first solid state lighting device enters the first patterned diffuser and exits the patterned diffuser. In some embodiments, the patterned diffuser emits light in a specific shape (e.g., substantially square, rectangular, hexagonal or octagonal). In some embodiments, optical features are positioned on the first surface of the side of the first patterned diffuser that the emitted light enters. Also, a method of lighting which comprises illuminating one (or more) solid state lighting device which emits light which enters a patterned diffuser which comprises a plurality of optical features, and exits the patterned diffuser.

Abstract: A lighting device comprises, or consists essentially of, a housing, a solid state light emitter and conductive tracks. The conductive tracks are positioned on the housing and are coupleable with a power supply. The conductive tracks comprise a positive conductive track and a negative conductive track. Each of the solid state light emitters is in electrical contact with a positive conductive track and a negative conductive track. Another lighting device comprises a fixture and a solid state light emitter in which the fixture comprises conductive elements which are coupleable to at least one power supply and the solid state light emitter is mounted on the fixture. There is also provided a lighting device which provides light of an intensity which is at least 50 percent of its initial intensity after 50,000 hours of illumination.

Abstract: A friction clutch for transmitting torque from a rotor, which can be driven about an axis S, to an element which is to be driven, including a friction disk clutch having an electromagnet arrangement which includes a coil and a magnetically conductive portion including a web section lying radially on the outside with respect to the axis S and a web section lying radially on the inside and oriented axially, and permanent magnets via which an axially movable friction section of the friction disk clutch is magnetically connected to the rotor. When the electromagnetic arrangement is in an electrically switched on state, a bearing of the friction section against the rotor is eliminated by attenuating the magnetic attraction effect of the permanent magnets.