Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semi-fluid lubricant resistant to shear thickening to a controlled apparent viscosity is provided wherein a soap base containing about 14% soap is shear thickened and then diluted with oil to a desired soap content. The use of a soap base containing about 14% soap as opposed to the usual method of using a soap base containing about 5% soap surprisingly results in a finished semi-fluid lubricant which will not appreciably increase in viscosity during the handling and packaging process.

Abstract: The gel strengths and yield points of aqueous fresh water drilling fluids having from 0 to 200 parts per million calcium dissolved therein may be reduced by adding to the drilling fluids an effective amount of a hydrolyzed cereal solid, which is predominantly a hexa-saccharide and higher poly-saccharides. The additive is effective only if the drilling fluid pH is above about 10.0 and preferably about 11.0 or above. The effectiveness is improved by adding from about 1/8 to about 1 pound of a water soluble chromate or dichromate salt per barrel of drilling fluid.

Abstract: A method of preparing omega-carboxyalkanohydroxamic acids is provided by contacting an ammonium, Group IA or Group IIA metal salt of a nitrocycloalkanone with an acidic mineral acid salt in a carboxylic acid solvent.

Abstract: A tension leg marine structure or working platform which is floatably positioned above an offshore working site, being maintained in place by a plurality of tension cables that connect to anchors at the sea floor. A riser which extends between the structure and the sea floor is laterally supported by a bracing system adapted to adjust to the platform's movement and conditions, thereby to stabilize strain applied to the riser.

Abstract: On-line sensors sense the kinematic viscosity, the infrared absorption, at a predetermined wavelength, and the sulfur content of crude oil and corresponding signals are provided to a computer circuit. The computer circuit solves the equation M%BP={C.sub.1 --C.sub.2 [1n(IRxC.sub.3)]--C.sub.4 S+C.sub.5 [1n(IRxC.sub.3)]S }1nKV, where M%BP is a particular percent boiling point property of crude oil, IR is the infrared absorption of the crude oil, S is the sulfur content of the crude oil, KV is the kinematic viscosity of the crude oil, and C.sub.1 through C.sub.5 are constants.

Abstract: Method for preparing a lactone reaction product comprising reacting an alkenylsuccinic acid under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a protonating agent and at an elevated temperature ranging up to about 100.degree. C., and a motor fuel composition containing said lactone reaction product.

Abstract: On-line sensors sense the kinematic viscosity, the infrared absorption, at a predetermined wavelength, the ultraviolet absorption of a predetermined wavelength, and the sulfur content of crude oil and corresponding signals are provided to a computer circuit. The computer circuit solves the equation:M%BP={--C.sub.1 +C.sub.2 [ln(IRxC.sub.3)]+C.sub.4 [lnUV]--C.sub.5 S--C.sub.6 [ln(IRxC.sub.3)](lnUV)+C.sub.7 [ln(IRxC.sub.3)]S}lnKVwhere M%BP is a particular percent boiling point property of crude oil, IR is the infrared absorption of the crude oil, S is the sulfur content of the crude oil, KV is the kinematic viscosity of the crude oil, UV is the ultraviolet absorption of the crude oil and C.sub.1 through C.sub.7 are constants.

Abstract: A control system controls the occurrence and the duration of time intervals during which sparks may be provided in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine driving a crankshaft as a function of operating parameters of the engine. Sensors sense parameters such as the vacuum in the carburetor, the position of the throttle and the torque of the crankshaft and provide corresponding signals. A distributor provides a pulse signal. Each pulse in the pulse signal has a width corresponding to a predetermined rotational displacement of the crankshaft. A counter with associated logic circuitry counts clock pulses in an up-direction during the occurrence of a pulse of the distributor pulse signal. When the counter counts down to a particular count, a decoder triggers a one shot multivibrator to provide a pulse, each pulse provided by the one shot multivibrator corresponds to the start of a spark time interval.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preferentially and selectively hydroformylating .alpha.-olefins present in a mixture of .alpha.-olefins and internal olefins, said hydroformylation being catalyzed by a class of ligand-stabilized platinum (II) dihalide complexes in combination with Group IVB metal halides.

Abstract: Water-solid fuel slurries suitable for use as feed to a solid fuel gasifier are prepared by forming a ground solid fuel-water mixture containing about 35-55 wt. % water, adding sufficient organic liquid to form a pumpable slurry, pumping the slurry through a heating zone to a separator, and separating organic liquid from the fuel-water mixture.

Abstract: A reaction product of detergent-dispersant properties in lubricating oil prepared by the sequential method of (1). reacting polyalkene of from 30 to 300 carbons with maleic anhydride to form alkenyl succinic anhydride, (2). contacting the alkenyl succinic anhydride with chlorine or bromine in the absence of hydroxylic and solvent compounds to form halogenated alkenyl succinic anhydride, (3). contacting the halogenated alkenyl succinic anhydride with alkylene polyamine to form crude reaction product of halogenated alkenyl succinic anhydride and alkylene polyamine and (4). preferably contacting the crude reaction product with a strong inorganic base and recovering the purified reaction product. Lubricant compositions containing a detergent-dispersant quantity of said halogenated succinic anhydride-alkylene polyamine reaction product.

Abstract: A plurality (preferably six) pistons and cylinders are suspended from the swage block a precise distance below the upper edge and actuatable radially from the longitudinal axis of a tubular member for making a new pile with anchor knobs for increased load carrying capacity and pull-out resistance.

Abstract: Ashless rust-inhibited lubricating oil compositions comprising a major portion of a mineral lubricating oil, and a minor, rust inhibiting amount of a polyhydric ester represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which R and R' are hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radicals having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, r, m and n are integers ranging from 0 to 10.

Abstract: In a fluid catalytic cracking unit utilizing a zeolite cracking catalyst and employing a multiplicity of elongated reaction zones or risers, significant improvements are obtained by introducing a light gas oil to at least one elongated reaction zone and a heavier gas oil to at least one other elongated reaction zone. Optionally, the vaporous effluent from either or both elongated reaction zones may be subjected to further cracking in the dense phase of catalyst in the reactor vessel. Operating conditions within the elongated reaction zones are established to permit the conversion of the heavier gas oil to be 0-30 volume percent lower than the light gas oil. Higher yields of higher octane gasoline are obtained where the unit is operated in the disclosed manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing the pyritic content of coal while a coal-water slurry is transported in a pipeline by injecting a pyrite oxidant into the pipeline upstream of the dewatering plant associated therewith.

Abstract: A method for separating bitumen from tar sand by solvent extraction with efficient separation of water from the recovered bitumen is disclosed. Tar sand may often be recovered by surface mining techniques. The tar sand is comprised of bitumen, water and sand including clays. The tar sand is contacted with bitumen solvent having a freezing point below that of the water, and the temperature of the mixture is lowered below the freezing point of the water in the tar sand. The solid ice crystals may then be easily removed along with the sand leaving a water-free liquid bitumen solvent mixture.

Abstract: A process for converting mixtures of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 n-paraffin and n-paraffin by-products to substantially pure n-paraffin which comprises catalytically hydrogenating the mixture at a temperature of from about 600.degree. to 750.degree. F. in the presence of a Group VIII metal on alumina catalyst where the catalyst contains from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide or thallous oxide. The catalyst can additionally contain a Group VIB or VIIB metal. The n-paraffin is photochemically reacted with a gaseous nitrosating agent to form paraffin oximes and by-products and the by-products are recycled for catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: A gas-filled thermometer which employs hydrogen and an adsorbent compound in a temperature sensitive bulb, with a pressure transducer connected to the bulb to indicate the temperature. The adsorbent compound has a composition conforming to the formula LT.sub.5 where L is a lanthanide rare earth element and T is a 3d-transition element.

Abstract: A method for recovering low gravity viscous crude oil or bitumen from a subterranean formation comprising first injecting super heated steam, next initiating an in situ combustion by injecting air, followed by an in situ combustion wherein both super heated steam and air are injected, then simultaneously performing an in situ combustion by injecting air while also injecting water and finally injecting water.

Abstract: Foul water streams from refining processes such as fluidized catalytic cracking, containing about 1-100 ppm metal cyanide complex compounds, are contacted with flue gas from combustion of hydrocarbonaceous fuels at temperatures of 750.degree. F and higher for essentially complete decomposition of cyanide radicals.