Abstract: A method is described for modifying an ultra-large pore crystalline material by contacting with a treatment composition M'X'Y'.sub.n wherein M' is an element of Groups IIA, IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA, IB, IIB, IVB, VB or VIB; X' is halide, hydride, alkoxide of C.sub.1-6', or acetate; Y' is X or phosphine, sulfide, carbonyl or cyano; and N=1-5. The contacted crystalline material becomes functionalized. The functionalized material is also described and can be used as a sorbent or catalyst component.

Abstract: Light olefins are converted to isoalkene-rich hydrocarbon products, e.g., isobutene and isoamylenes with zeolite MCM-22 catalyst.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of synthetic lubricants having high viscosity index and thermal stability by oligomerizing a mixture of C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 or C.sub.6 -C.sub.16 alpha-olefins produced from the thermal cracking of slack wax or recycled slack wax. The oligomerization is carried out with Lewis acid catalyst. Promoted aluminum chloride is a preferred catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing zeolites in a matrix material is described which comprises precipitating an oxide of silicon in the matrix to increase the silica of the matrix which is available for crystallization to a zeolite.

Abstract: Zeolites (e.g. ZSM-5 and zeolite beta) enriched with hydroxyl groups are prepared by ammonia treatment of sieves which have suffered loss of tetrahedral aluminum from framework positions followed by careful calcination (200.degree.-450.degree. C.). The hydroxyl group created by this method are stable only to 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) by etherification of isopropanol. A multi-stage process can employ propene in mixture with other feedstock materials, such as propane from refinery gas, in a primary hydration stage to produce isopropanol. The isopropanol is enriched between stages to remove water. In the second reaction stage the isopropanol is converted catalytically with large pore acidic zeolite to yield DIPE, which can be separated to recover pure propene.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for high efficiency regeneration of spent FCC catalyst in an existing, single dense bed FCC regenerator is disclosed. Spent catalyst is added to a coke combustor immersed within the existing regenerator vessel catalyst bed. A dilute phase transport riser, above and connective with the coke combustor discharges a mixture of regenerated catalyst and flue gas. Regenerated catalyst collects around and under the coke combustor. The spent catalyst inlet, and combustion air inlet, are preferably immersed in, and in a heat exchange relationship with, the bed of hot regenerated catalyst. Heat pipes, or fins may be used to increase heat transfer into the coke combustor from the dense bed. Heating the coke combustor by indirect heat exchange, rather than recycle of hot regenerated catalyst, reduces particulates emissions and saves the energy needed to recycle catalyst in the regenerator.

Abstract: Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.X) to the atmosphere are reduced by treatment of gases containing nitrogen oxides with a reducing agent such as ammonia in the presence of a catalyst containing a mesoporous crystalline catalyst. The mesoporous crystalline catalyst comprises an inorganic, non-layered, porous, crystalline phase aluminosilicate material which exhibits a benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene per 100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. In its preferred catalytic form, the crystalline material has a uniform, hexagonal arrangement of pores with diameters of at least about 13 .ANG. and exhibiting, after calcination, an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least on d-spacing greater than about 18 .ANG. and a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 .ANG. which corresponds to at least one peak in the X-ray diffraction pattern.

Abstract: Olefins are converted to alcohols and/or ethers employing, as catalyst, an acidic zeolite which has been bound with an essentially non-acidic refractory oxide of at least one metal of Group IVA and/or IVB of the Period Table of the Elements, e.g., silica, titania, zirconia and/or germania.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for removing organic directing agents from as-synthesized molecular sieves comprising:(a) contacting said porous synthetic material with polar solvent having dissolved therein at least one cation donor, wherein said polar solvent is characterized by solubility parameters f.sub.d, f.sub.p, and f.sub.h wherein the values of solubility parameters f.sub.d, f.sub.p, and f.sub.h are defined by a circular region of the Teas diagram of Figure 41, said circular region having a center defined by the coordinates (f.sub.d =46, f.sub.p =22, f.sub.

Abstract: It is disclosed that aromatic compounds can be alkylated with mono-olefinic HVI-PAO dimer in contact with an acidic catalyst to produce novel alkylated aromatic compositions. It has been found that the novel HVI-PAO dimer alkylated aromatic compositions exhibit an extraordinary combination of properties relating to low viscosity with high viscosity index and low pour point which renders them very useful as lubricant basestock. Further, it has been found that the novel alkylaromatic compositions of the present invention show improved oxidative stability. Depending upon the substituent groups on the aromatic nucleus, useful lubricant additives can be prepared for improved antiwear, antioxidant and other properties. HVI-PAO dimer is prepared as a product or by-product from 1-alkene oligomerization using reduced chromium oxide on solid support. Particularly disclosed are the alkylphenols prepared by the process of alkylation a phenol at the aromatic nucleus with the novel oligomer.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing low density liquids from oil production water tanks.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for fluidized bed catalyst regeneration. The regenerator contains a base fluidized bed, a bubbling dense bed above the base fluidized bed, and a dilute phase region above the bubbling dense bed. The bubbling dense bed has a larger cross sectional area than the base bed. Most, preferably all, the regeneration gas is added to the base fluidized bed. Higher superficial vapor velocities in the base fluidized bed, with conventional vapor velocities in the bubbling dense bed, allow more efficient regeneration in the base bed, without excessive catalyst entrainment into the dilute phase. Regenerated catalyst may be recycled from the bubbling dense bed or the dilute phase to the base fluidized bed, preferably via a cyclone dipleg.

Abstract: Improved process techniques and equipment for reacting crude aqueous ethanol feedstock with iso-olefinic hydrocarbons to produce C.sub.6.sup.+ ethyl t-alkyl ethers, which comprises: distilling the aqueous ethanol feedstock; contacting ethanol rich distillate overhead containing a minor amount of water with a liquid hydrocarbon extractant rich in C.sub.4.sup.+ isoalkene under liquid extraction conditions; recovering an aqueous phase containing water introduced from the overhead; recovering an organic extract phase comprising the hydrocarbon extractant and a major amount of ethanol introduced in the feedstock; and reacting the extracted ethanol and C.sub.4.sup.+ isoalkene in contact with an acid etherification catalyst under catalytic reaction conditions to produce ether product.

Abstract: A used lubricant oil recycling process is disclosed in which a used lubricating oil is injected to a delayed coker downstream of the coker furnace whereby the used oil is thermally cracked into hydrocarbon fuel products which are low in metal contaminants, sulfur and nitrogen. The used lubricant can be preheated in an independent heater to avoid a quenching effect of the process stream when added in an amount greater than about 3% by volume based on the entire volume of the feed.

Abstract: A hydrous aluminosilicate adsorbent composition in which the active adsorbent is a mixture of non-fibrous clay with non-fibrous zeolite. The composition is useful as a feed supplement in animal husbandry, and as a topical adsorbent for veterinary use. The mixture has a high capacity for adsorption of ammonium cations, and a synergistically high selectivity for their adsorption. Beneficial effects as feed supplement may arise from lowering the amount of ammonia passed to the liver from the alimentary canal.

Abstract: A method for the inhibition of scale deposition on the surfaces of a well coproducing oil and scale forming brines comprising injecting into the well reservoir an acidic aqueous solution at a first pH containing dissolved therein a scale inhibitor, multivalent metal ions, and a heat sensitive pH increasing substance which decomposes at elevated temperatures liberating an alkaline compound such that the solution is inherently heated by the higher ambient reservoir temperature to a temperature at which the alkaline compound is liberated from the heat sensitive substance thus raising the pH of the solution to a point at which a sparingly soluble multivalent metal salt of the scale inhibitor is phase separated from the solution on the porous surfaces of the reservoir rock formation, providing for a slow release of inhibitor into the produced brines when the well is in its production phase.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for achieving turbulent or fast fluidized bed regeneration of spent FCC catalyst in a bubbling bed regenerator having a stripper mounted over the regenerator and a stripped catalyst standpipe within the regenerator. A coke combustor vessel is immersed in, and in open fluid communication with, the bubbling dense bed of the existing regenerator vessel. Spent catalyst is discharged into the coke combustor, mixes with hot regenerated catalyst which flows into the coke combustor, and regenerated with combustion air in a turbulent or fast fluidized bed. Catalyst and flue gas are discharged up into a dilute phase transport riser, preferably into cyclone which separate hot regenerated catalyst from flue gas. Regenerated catalyst is collected in the bubbling dense bed surrounding the coke combustor, and some is recycled by flowing into the coke combustor for direct contact heat exchange.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from a gaseous hydrocarbon stream by passing the stream through an in-line mixer which includes mixing elements which have gas-contacting surfaces of an amalgam-forming metal. Preferred amalgam-forming metals are gold, silver or a combination thereof. A specific in-line mixer has static mixing elements which are disposed along the length of the mixer, preferably, the mixing elements are helically disposed along the length of the mixer. Other contaminants such as water and residual H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 are removed from the gas stream by a gas purification system which includes the in-line mixer and a desiccant bed modified for removing mercury and other contaminants. The modifications to the desiccant bed include a porous gold and/or silver containing layer, i.e., a gold and/or silver wire screen or packed gold and/or silver wool, and a protective layer of alumina pellets having an active compound such as copper hydroxide, copper oxide and copper sulfide impregnated therein.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new crystalline aluminophosphate composition, to a new and useful improvement in synthesizing said crystalline composition and to use of said crystalline composition prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst component for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.