Abstract: Polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds having recurring vinylbenzyl ammonium units are disclosed. The quaternary ammonium units preferably have 2 alkyl substituents of 1 to 4 carbons and 1 alkyl substituent of 4 to 12 carbons. These materials have antimicrobial properties and are particularly useful for preserving ophthalmic solutions.

Abstract: Retinoic acid-4,4,18,18,18-d.sub.5 and esters and amides thereof are disclosed. These compounds are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## where X is ##STR2## and R is hydroxy, or an alkoxy with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent, or aroxy with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent, or alkoxy monosubstituted phenoxy, or NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, or an alkyl or aryl with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent, and R.sup.2 is an alkyl or aryl with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent. These compounds are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in ephithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: Naphthenic and heterocyclic retinoic acid analogues such as (E)-6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthaldehyde, methyl 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoate, 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoic acid, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carboxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, and (E)-1-(5-carboxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene. These retinoids are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: An assay that facilitates screening of hybridoma culture media for monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies, particularly murine monoclonal antibodies that are useful for treating human B cell tumors is disclosed. The assay is a solid phase type assay and involves: incubating a lysate of the patienREFERENCE TO GOVERNMENT GRANT OR CONTRACTThe invention described herein was made in the course of work under a grant or contract from the National Institutes of Health.

Abstract: An automatic syringe filling system includes a pump for supplying liquid under pressure to a manifold that distributes the liquid to each of a plurality of syringes. Microswitches disposed at predetermined positions detect when the plunger of each syringe connected to the manifold has been extended a particular distance determined by the desired fill volume. When all of the plungers are extended this distance, the supply of liquid to the manifold is discontinued by closing a valve and deactuating the pump.

Abstract: Open ring retinoic acid analogues and 2Z isomers of the formula ##STR1## where X is ##STR2## and R is hydroxy, alkoxy with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent, aroxy with 0 or 1 hydroxy or alkoxy-monosubstituted phenoxy or NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl and R.sup.2 is alkyl or aryl are disclosed. These retinoids are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: Lipid vesicles, labelled with encapsulated reporter compositions and bound to antibodies comprise a new class of immunoreagent, useful in immunoassays for ligands.

Abstract: A skin model for use in demonstrating or practicing intradermal injection of fluids is disclosed. The model is a composite laminate of: (1) a subcutaneous tissue-simulating layer made of a foamed elastomer of low compression deflection and hardness; (2) a dermis-simulating layer of about 1 to 3 mm thick of that is substantially nonporous has a slightly greater hardness than the subcutaneous tissue-simulating layer and a penetration value in the range of 30 to 100 mm and is made of a silicone elastomer that contains reinforcing fibers, and, optionally, flesh tone pigment; and (3) in epidermis-simulating layer about 0.1 to 1 mm thick made of a high tear strength, high tensile strength elastomer. One or more of the layers may be contoured so that the surface of the model is shaped to simulate contour defects in natural skin.

Abstract: Benzazoles, including benzatriazoles and benzimidazoles are employed in phospate triester oligonucleotide synthesis. The benzazoles form arylbenzazolide coupling agents, and phosphorodibenzazolides. Processes employing these reagents are also disclosed.

Abstract: Benzotriazoles are employed in phosphite triester oligonucleotide synthesis. The benzotriazoles also form phosphinedibenzazolides. Processes employing these reagents are also disclosed.

Abstract: Two-site immunometric assays for multideterminant antigens are described in which the antigen is reacted with an immobilized monoclonal antibody directed against one antigen determinant and a second monoclonal antibody that is directed against a distinct antigenic determinant and is of a different class or subclass than the immobilized monoclonal antibody. The second monoclonal antibody is labeled in direct versions of the assay and is reacted with a labeled antibody against it in indirect versions of the assay. The immobilizing medium and classes (subclasses) of the antibodies may be selected so as to reduce the likelihood of nonspecific binding enhance sensitivity and/or permit signal amplification.

Abstract: An HLA-DR typing test based on lymphocytotoxicity in which a vital dye-labeled total human lymphocyte sample, such as a sample of peripheral blood lymphocytes, is incubated with HLA-DR antisera, a monoclonal antibody against T cells, and complement and the DR type is determined based upon the resultant cytotoxicity as measured by the fluorescence of B cells surviving the incubation.

Abstract: A syringe assist device including a frame and moveable carriage that are respectively attached to a conventional syringe and its plunger. The frame has a toothed rack and the carriage contains a force amplifying gear and lever mechanism. A thumb ring transmits the force applied by the user's thumb to the lever to rotate the gear and move the carriage along the frame. This action in turn applies amplified compression to the syringe plunger. A ratchet connection between the lever and the gear enables the movement of the carriage to be continued without force amplification when the lever has reached the end of its stroke.

Abstract: A group of new daunorubicin and doxorubicin derivatives is disclosed. These materials have the formula ##STR1## wherein R is CO--CH.sub.3 or CHOH--CH.sub.3 in the case of daunorubicin derivatives or CO--CH.sub.2 OH or CHOH--CH.sub.2 OH in the case of doxorubicin derivatives; X is O or NH; and A is either a cyano group (CN) or a hydrogen, subject to the limitation that when X is O, A must be a cyano group. When A is hydrogen, these compounds can exist as acid addition salts, as well. Derivatives of these compounds are disclosed as well.

Abstract: Pentaerythritol retinoates and monobenzal acetals thereof such as (E)-2.sub..alpha. -phenyl-5.sub..alpha. -hydroxy-methyl-5.sub..beta. -retinoyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxane, (E)-2.sub..alpha. -phenyl-5.sub..beta. -hydroxymethyl-5.sub..alpha. -retinoyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxane, and pentaerythritol monoretinoate are disclosed. These retinoids are useful as chemopreventive agents and as therapeutic agents for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: 8,10-Dideazaminopterins of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to about 8 carbon atoms and their carboxylate and acid addition salts are described. These compounds exhibit antineoplastic activity that is similar to but more effective than methotrexate.

Abstract: Naphthenic and heterocyclic retinoic acid analogues such as (E)-6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthaldehyde, methyl 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoate, 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoic acid, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carboxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, and (E)-1-(5-carboxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene. These retinoids are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulas: ##STR1## where X is methyl, methoxy, chlorine, or hydrogen, Y and Y.sub.1 are fluorine or hydrogen, R is hydroxy, alkoxy with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent, aroxy, or NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent or aryl and R.sup.2 is alkyl with 0 or 1 hydroxy substituent or aryl with the proviso that when Y or Y.sup.1 is fluorine, the other Y or Y.sup.1 is hydrogen. These compounds are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.