Abstract: 1-Alkyl-pyrazole-5-carboxylic esters are obtained with surprisingly low proportions of 1-alkyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic esters if a 2,4-diketo ester and/or an enolate thereof is reacted with an alkylhydrazine and/or a corresponding alkylhydrazinium salt, if appropriate, in the presence of a solvent and/or of water, in such a manner that during at least about 90% of the reaction free alkylhydrazine is present.
Abstract: A process for preparing aliphatic C4-18 &agr;,&ohgr;-dicarboxylic acids by oxidation of C6-20 &agr;,&ohgr;-dienes with hydrogen peroxide or compounds which release hydrogen peroxide under the reaction conditions as is characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of a transition metal catalyst of group VI and of a mixture containing at least one organic acid and one aprotic organic solvent. A specific temperature profile is maintained at different phases of the reaction, which increases yield and selectivity.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 11, 2000
Date of Patent:
August 20, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Michael Schelhaas, Helmut Greiving, Manfred Jautelat
Abstract: 2-Halogenoindan-1-ones are prepared in an advantageous manner by converting anilines into diazonium salts and these, with acrylic compounds, into 3-phenyl-1-halogenoproprionic acid derivatives, and latter are cyclized.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 18, 2000
Date of Patent:
August 13, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Joachim Komoschinski, Helmut Fiege, Guido Steffan, Klaus-Christian Paetz
Abstract: A shaped plastic part and a flexible film with a protected conductor track, in particular made from copper, are described, as is a process for their production. The shaped plastic part or the flexible film is composed at least of a plastic film (1) as backing layer, and of a metalizable primer layer (2) applied thereto, and of a structured, metallic electrically conducting layer (3), in particular electrical conductor tracks, applied to the primer layer (2), where an additional outer film (4) or a plastic article (6) has been firmly connected to the composite made from backing layer (1), primer layer (2) and from conducting layer (3) in such a way that the outer film (4) or the plastic article (6) covers at least part of the conducting layer (3).
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 19, 2000
Date of Patent:
July 30, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Jochen Voss, Gerhard Dieter Wolf, Friedrich Jonas
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phosphoric acid esters, in particular monomeric bisaryl diphosphates, or bridged phosphates.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 4, 2000
Date of Patent:
July 16, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Nikolaus Janke, Reinhard Pech, Andreas Chrisochoou, Dieter Heinz, Werner Bäcker, Kaspar Hallenberger
Abstract: The present invention relates to antifouling agents containing
(A) at least one multifunctional carbosilane and/or carbosiloxane of formula (I)
Q[(CH2)mSiR1nX(3−n)]p (I)
and/or a partial condensation product thereof,
wherein
each R1 is independently a C1-C18 alkyl and/or C6-C20 aryl,
X is OH, C1-C4 alkoxy, C6-C20 aryloxy, or C1-C6 acyloxy,
n is 0 to 2,
m is 2 to 6,
p is an integer ≧2, and
Q is either (i) a linear or cyclic silane or siloxane or (ii) an unsubstituted hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon in which at least one carbon atom is substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of O, N, S, and P, and
optionally
(B) one or more alkoxysilanes,
(C) an organic solvent and/or water,
(D) a catalyst,
(E) inorganic nanoparticles, and/or
(F) other additives.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 18, 1999
Date of Patent:
July 2, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Markus Mechtel, Michael Mager, Karl-Heinz Käsler
Abstract: The present invention relates to substantially solvent-free binder compositions containing
a) a polyisocyanate component containing heteroallophanate groups and having aromatically-bound isocyanate groups,
i) an NCO content of 3 to 16%,
ii) an average functionality of 1.8 to 4,
iii) an allophanate group content (calculated as C2N2O3, MW: 101) of 5 to 35% and
iv) a hydrocarbon chain content of 10 to 65%, wherein the hydrocarbon chains are attached to allophanate groups via oxygen and have an average of 2 to 23 carbon atoms and
b) an isocyanate-reactive component. The present invention also relates to the use of these binder compositions in one- and two-component coating compositions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 6, 1996
Date of Patent:
June 25, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Martin Brahm, Gerhard Ruttmann, Lutz Schmalstieg
Abstract: An electrolysis plate is described which consists of an outer non-conductive frame, particularly a frame having a fiber-reinforced cresol resin, an electrically conductive, bipolar graphite plate which is mounted therein and is preferably slotted on both sides, and, in the region of the electrolyte feed, has plastic skirts for the forced direction of the electrolyte solutions.
Abstract: A process for preparing biodegradable polymers having repeating succinyl units, characterized in that an optionally substituted 1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid, or a 1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid derivative is reacted with an acid anhydride.
Abstract: A novel process for the continuous preparation of perfluorinated organic compounds by electrochemical fluorination of the parent non-fluorinated or partially fluorinated organic compounds using hydrogen fluoride having an arsenic content of less than about 10 ppm can be operated over a prolonged period of time without the electrode area-time yield decreasing over time.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 22, 2001
Date of Patent:
May 28, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Andreas Bulan, Joachim Herzig, Günter Lailach
Abstract: The invention relates to an electroluminescent assembly containing, as hole injection layer, a polymeric organic conductor that has been applied either from solution or from a dispersion and contains particles having a particle size of less than 1 &mgr;m.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 8, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 21, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Friedrich Jonas, Rolf Wehrmann, Andreas Elschner, Helmut-Werner Heuer
Abstract: Cis-R-dioxo-benzylpyrrolopiperidine is racemized in a particularly advantageous manner by treating it with a substoichiometric amount of base, preferably at temperatures below about 40° C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 30, 2000
Date of Patent:
May 21, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Herbert Diehl, Georg Martin, Wilfried Jaworek, Andreas Krebs, Joachim Westen
Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochromic device having
(a) a pair of glass or plastic plates or plastic films wherein at least one such plate or film is provided on one side each with an electrically conductive coating, wherein
(1) at least one such plate or film and its conductive coating is transparent,
(2) the other such plate or film and its conductive coating is optionally mirrored,
(3) the electrically conductive layer of one or both of the two plates or films is optionally divided into separate segments optionally provided with individual contacts, and
(4) the plates or films are joined on the sides of their conductive coating by means of a sealing ring to form a volume; and
(b) the volume formed by the two plates or films and the sealing ring is filled with an electrochromic medium containing certain dihydronaphthazines or dihydrophenazines.
Abstract: A process is described for dewatering sewage sludge consisting of the combination of an acidic oxidative preconditioning with an inorganic post-conditioning, in which case the preconditioning comprises an acidification of the sewage sludge and a catalytic partial oxidation by addition of a substoichiometric amount of hydrogen peroxide and iron ions at a pH≦5 and then an inorganic post-conditioning is carried out in which the acidified and partially oxidized sewage sludge is admixed with alkaline earth, and in which case, in the inorganic post-conditioning, sufficient calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is supplied so that the pH of the limed sewage sludge is in the range from at least 9 to at most 11, in order thereafter to dewater the conditioned sewage sludge mechanically.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 18, 2000
Date of Patent:
April 9, 2002
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Heinz-Günther Weissenberg, Thomas Melin, Bernhard Vosteen, Joachim Lemke
Abstract: A process for preparing specific 1-substituted 5-hydroxy-imidazoline-2,4-diones by reacting glyoxylic acid with N-substituted ureas is provided, where this process is carried out in a 10-80% strength aqueous solution and in the presence of an acid catalyst. The 1-substituted 5-hydroxy-imidazoline-2,4-diones can subsequently be converted in a further reaction step to give 1-substituted 5-alkoxy-imidazoline-2,4-diones.
Abstract: Aromatic or heteroaromatic sulphonyl chlorides of the general formula I
in which
X may be a C or N,
R1 may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine, nitro, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, C1-C4 alkyl or phenyl,
R2 may be H, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, OH, C1-C4 alkyl, are prepared by diazotization of the compounds of the general formula II
in which
X, R1 and R2 are as defined for formula (I), and decomposition of the resulting diazonium salts in the presence of sulphur dioxide and a copper catalyst, where the compounds of the formula (II) are treated, in a mixture with one or more organic solvents, sulphur dioxide and a copper catalyst, with hydrogen chloride and alkyl nitrite at temperatures of from −20 to +60° C.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of epoxy(meth)acrylates by simultaneously reacting 1 equivalent of organic compounds containing epoxide groups with
A) 0.8 to 1.2 moles of organic dicarboxylic anhydrides having a molecular weight from 98 to 166 and
B) 0.8 to 1.2 OH equivalents of OH group-containing reaction products, which are prepared at a COOH/OH equivalent ratio of 0.6:1 to 0.95:1, of
a) (meth)acrylic acid and
b) tri- or tetrahydric ether alcohols having a molecular weight of 180 to 1000 and containing at least two ethylene and/or propylene oxide units as part of an ether structure.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a screen printing paste having a viscosity of from 1 to 200 dPas, comprising a solution or dispersion of a conductive polymer and optionally binders, thickeners and fillers, and to the use thereof for the production of electrically conductive coatings.