Abstract: Catalyst articles comprising substantially only a palladium precious metal component and related methods of preparation and use are disclosed. Disclosed is a catalyst article comprising a first layer formed on a carrier substrate, wherein the first layer comprises a refractory metal oxide and has a surface that is substantially uniform; and a second layer formed on the first layer, wherein the second layer comprises i) an oxygen storage component that is about 50-90% by weight of the second layer and ii) a palladium component in an amount of about 10-150 g/ft3 of palladium, wherein the palladium component is substantially the only platinum group metal component. One or more improved properties are exhibited by the catalyst article.

Abstract: A salt of a mono- and/or dialkyl ester of a sulfonated dicarboxylic acid is provided, where the dicarboxylic acid contains 4 to 8 carbon atoms and the alkyl groups are derived from 2-propylheptanol. A composition including (a) one or more salt(s) of a mono- and/or dialkyl ester(s) of a sulfonated dicarboxylic acid(s), where the dicarboxylic acid contains 4 to 8 carbon atoms and the alkyl groups are derived from 2-propylheptanol; and (b) one or more organic solvents liquid at 20° C. with a boiling point above 250° C. at 1 bar is also provided.

Abstract: Processes for the enzyme-catalyzed production of triglycerides using polyunsaturated fatty acids, in which (a) the reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or C1-4 alkyl esters thereof with glycerol in vacuo in the presence of an immobilized enzyme to form their triglycerides is accelerated by addition of an additive from the group of weakly basic salts, complexing agents and ion exchangers and/or addition of a weakly basic salt and/or addition of an entraining agent in the form of a solvent or a gas and/or addition of glycerol-binding adsorbers and/or heat treatment of the partial glyceride intermediate product, (b) the immobilized enzymes are removed from the triglyceride by separation or filtration and (c) the remaining fatty acids and/or C1-4 alkyl esters thereof are removed from the triglyceride by distillation, refining or extraction.

Abstract: Catalysts, catalyst systems, and methods for removing ammonia and/or carbon monoxide in flue gases are provided where ammonia is used with a selective catalytic reduction catalyst for reducing oxides of nitrogen. An oxidation catalyst is utilized, which comprises particulate platinum or platinum/palladium dispersed on zirconia particles, the particulate platinum or platinum/palladium having an average particle size less than about 10 nm. The catalyst is effective to convert less than 20% of NO to NO2 passing through the oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A compound and method for treating fly ash includes an amphoteric, alkyl polyglycoside, ester, derivative of triglyceride, fatty alcohol, alkoxylated fatty alcohol, alkoxylated polyhydric alcohol, and mixtures thereof, wherein the treated fly ash is incorporated into a cement admixture, and is effective in blocking absorptive carbon. Also, a method is included that reduces the amount of Portland cement by substituting up to 40 by total weight of the cement in a mixture with an equal amount of fly ash treated with an an amphoteric, alkyl polyglycoside, ester, derivative of triglyceride, fatty alcohol, alkoxylated fatty alcohol, alkoxylated polyhdric alcohol, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Syringe assemblies having a passive disabling system to prevent reuse are provided. In one embodiment, the passive disabling system activates after completion of an injection cycle. An exemplary syringe assembly incorporates a stopper and plunger rod attached in a manner to prevent users from disassembling the syringe prior to completion of the injection cycle. The barrel may also include an annular extension or collar that extends from the proximal end of the barrel. In a specific configuration, the annular extension at least partially envelopes a portion of the thumb press to prevent the user from accessing the thumb press and moving the plunger rod in a proximal direction Syringe assemblies of one or more embodiments also include visual indicators or markers indicating whether a syringe assembly is used or the plunger rod is locked within the barrel.

Abstract: Syringe assemblies having a passive disabling system to prevent reuse are provided. According to one or more embodiments, the syringe assembly comprises a barrel, plunger rod and stopper wherein the plunger rod further comprises a flexible protrusion that locks the plunger rod within the barrel. Certain embodiments further include a frangible portion on the plunger rod that breaks when reuse is attempted. One or more embodiments include a plunger rod and stopper attachment that prevents disassembly of the syringe assembly prior to use. Syringe assemblies of one or more embodiments also include visual indicators or markers indicating whether a syringe assembly is used or the plunger rod is locked within the barrel.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for the formation of vaporizing liquid precursor materials. The methods or apparatus can be used as part of a chemical vapor deposition apparatus or system, for example for forming films on substrates. The methods and apparatus involve providing a vessel for containing a liquid precursor and diffusing element having external cross-section dimensions substantially equal to the internal cross-sectional dimensions of the vessel.

Abstract: Methods for formation of epitaxial layers containing n-doped silicon are disclosed. Specific embodiments pertain to the formation and treatment of epitaxial layers in semiconductor devices, for example, Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices. In specific embodiments, the formation of the n-doped epitaxial layer involves exposing a substrate in a process chamber to deposition gases including a silicon source, a carbon source and an n-dopant source. An epitaxial layer may have considerable tensile stress which may be created in a significant amount by a high concentration of n-dopant. A layer having n-dopant may also have substitutional carbon. Phosphorus as an n-dopant with a high concentration is provided. A substrate having an epitaxial layer with a high level of n-dopant is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas stream containing nitrous oxide and ammonia is contacted with a catalyst composition containing a zeolite. N2O is reduced to N2 and H2O at low temperatures in a highly efficient manner. Ammonia-mediated reduction of nitrous oxide can be effectuated from gas streams having N2O concentrations as low as 1%. The gas stream may also contact a catalytic composition selective for the reduction of NOx. In this way, N2O and NOx treatment may be effectuated in a single process stream.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, such as the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) and the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from a diesel engine and methods of exhaust gas treatment are disclosed. More particularly, a washcoat composition is disclosed comprising at least two washcoat layers, a first washcoat comprising palladium supported on ceria-zirconia and ceria-zirconia-alumina and a second washcoat containing one or more of platinum and palladium and one or more hydrocarbon storage components. An undercoat may also be included in the catalyst. Also disclosed are method of exhaust gas treatment and diesel exhaust gas treatment systems that include the oxidation catalyst and a downstream soot filter.

Abstract: Catalysts, systems and methods are described to reduce NOx emissions of an internal combustion engine. In one embodiment, an emissions treatment system for an exhaust stream is provided having a catalyst comprising silver and a platinum group metal on a particulate alumina support, the atomic fraction of the platinum group metal being less than or equal to about 0.25. Methods of manufacturing catalysts are described in which silver is impregnated on alumina particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for providing matching buyers and sellers of securities. The system and method of the present system provides auction services over a network. A list of designated counterparties is maintained by each of a plurality of lenders. Another list of designated counterparties is maintained by each of a plurality of borrowers. Another list of preferred characteristics (preferences) that a potential borrower would have is maintained by each of a plurality of lenders. Another list of preferred characteristics (preferences) that a potential lender would have is maintained by each of a plurality of borrowers. These lists can be updated daily or as frequently as desired. When securities are to loaned, a matching process accesses the appropriate list of designated counterparties to create a list of one or more suggested counterparty. The matching process also accesses the appropriate list of preferred characteristics.

Abstract: Glass frits, conductive inks and articles having conductive inks applied thereto are described. According to one or more embodiments, glass frits with no intentionally added lead comprise TeO2 and one or more of Bi2O3, SiO2 and combinations thereof. One embodiment of the glass frit includes B2O3, and can further include ZnO, Al2O3 and/or combinations thereof. One embodiment provides for conductive inks which include a glass frit with no intentionally added lead and comprising TeO2 and one or more of Bi2O3, SiO2 and combinations thereof. Another embodiment includes articles with substrates such as semiconductors or glass sheets, having conductive inks disposed thereto, wherein the conductive ink includes glass frits having no intentionally added lead.

Abstract: A multiple function lock comprising an engaging element and a captive element. The engaging element enters a captive space provided in the captive element for locking the lock. The captive element includes a selectable passage into the captive space for permitting the engagement element to be selectively released or secured. The selectable passage is revealed or concealed through translation or rotation of a blocking element. In certain embodiments, the multiple function lock comprises a body, a shackle having toe and heel portions, a first locking mechanism for securing the heel portion to the body and a separate second locking mechanism for securing the toe portion to the body. The second locking mechanism is operative to engage and disengage the toe portion from the body so the shackle may rotate about the heel portion secured by the body.

Abstract: Methods for transposing elements of a sequence according to a rule, wherein the rule is derived from pseudo-noise or pseudo-noise like binary and non-binary sequences are disclosed. Sequences of transposed symbols can be recovered by applying a reversing rule. Sets of orthogonal hopping and transposition rules are created by applying transposition rules upon themselves. Sets of orthogonal hopping and transposition rules are also created from binary and non-binary Gold sequences.

Abstract: A layered three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. Engine exhaust treatment system and methods of using the same are also provided. The catalytic material can be provided in layers such that a larger amount of oxygen storage component is provided in a downstream zone as compared to an upstream zone. For example, the upstream zone can be configured to have one, two, or three layers, and the downstream zone can be independently configured to have one, two, or three layers. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst supported on a carrier has three layers, where at least two of the layers are zoned to have an oxygen storage component being present in an upstream zone in an amount that is less than the oxygen storage component present in the downstream zone.