Abstract: An improved arrangement for digital signal encrytion using a cipher algorithm in which a multi-bit key signal is used to produce a first keystream signal of coding bytes which are used in an exclusive-OR logical operation with data bytes of a received digital data signal to produce an enciphered/deciphered output digital data signal. Hitherto, the keysteam signal was also fed back into the algorithm for processing with the key signal, but this was found to result in an insecure arrangement because the keystream signal can be found by exclusive-ORing the received digital data signal with only a few bytes of the output data signal that are already known, following which the key signal itself can be deduced by a fairly simple trial-and-error computing procedure. The improvement consists in feeding back into the algorithm a keystream signal which is not the same as that used for the exclusive-OR logical operation.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical amplifying element is disclosed which has a semiconductor multilayer structure including at least a first semiconductor layer for providing an optical gain in response to the injection of carriers thereinto, and a p-side electrode and an n-side electrode for the carrier injection. A first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface are disposed thickwisely of the semiconductor multilayer structure and opposite to each other thereacross. The element is designed so that light incident thereon from the thickwise direction of the semiconductor multilayer structure is amplified by propagating through the element perpendicularly to the thickwise direction of the semiconductor multilayer structure while being multiple-reflected between the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface.

Abstract: Here is disclosed an apparatus for successive drawing-in of warp through repsective reed blade gaps of a reed in the automatic loom, comprising a nozzle disposed above the reed which is movable transversely of the reed blades and extended from an upper portion to a bottom side thereof by a warp end feeding slit having its upper opening serving as a warp end inlet, its lower opening serving as a warp end outlet and its front opening narrower than the interior of the warp feeding slit itself; and the nozzle is further provided therein with an air injection port adapted to inject a stream of pressurized air downwardly into the warp end feeding slit substantially in the form of a parallel-flow and thereby to produce an air stream flowing from the warp end inlet towards the warp end outlet under an ejector effect.

Abstract: A terminal in communication network for notifying an originating party's number is disclosed which transfers the subscriber's number of an originating party to a terminating party at the time of setting up an incoming call. A plurality of subscriber's numbers of those from whom incoming calls are anticipated and ID information corresponding to each of the subscriber's number are pre-registered. An output command indicating that one of the registered subscriber's number has coincided with the subscriber's number of an originating party transferred at the time of occurrence of the incoming call is generated. In response to the output command, an audible indication of the ID information corresponding to the registered subscriber's number is provided.

Abstract: An optical packet switching system is disclosed in which a routing signal is composed of a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and an information part and a packet end code are also composed of optical signals. In accordance with the present invention, a switching network is formed by a multi-stage combination of light triggering switches which are closed depending on the presence or absence of a particular wavelength in the wavelength-multiplexed optical signal.

Abstract: A center punching apparatus is disclosed as having an upper die base and a lower die base relatively movable. An upper die is mounted on the upper die base facing downwardly and on the lower die base a rotatable turntable is mounted for rotation about an axis coaxial with the upper die. A movable table on the turntable holds the workpiece of a material to be punched and is movable accurately in X and Y directions by micrometers for independent movement. The workpiece can thus be moved in X and Y directions on the apparatus without relating the movements to any X and Y coordinate system on the workpiece. The workpiece is accurately marked with reference indicia such as a circle, a line or a plurality of points for accurately monitoring the position of the indicia by direct visual viewing of the indicia through a microscope. The workpiece is accurately positioned by rotating the turntable and moving of the movable table along X and Y directions with the material to be punched thereon.

Abstract: The subject-matter of this invention is a device for locating rods buried in high-density reinforced concrete. The device envisages an inductor coil (10) which generates a magnetic field, and at least one detector coil (1) able to detect the variations in the magnetic field induced by the presence of steel rods. The device is associated with marking equipment (4), which may be controlled either manually or automatically, depending on the strength of the signal emitted by the detector coil(s).

Abstract: An automatic assembly system for assembly of transformer laminated cores of the type having three parallel legs and two yokes. The laminations are stacked in a simple or complex configuration on a movable support frame on tracks, which receives the core laminations at a lamination loading station from four movable platforms on independent tracks. The platforms are grouped circumferentially about the support frame at four lamination feed positions while it is at the lamination loading station and have thereon stacked corresponding core laminations that are to be stacked on the support frame in a proper sequence and position order for forming a transformer laminated core. The system has four travelling gantry cranes that are on independent tracks and are each provided with a pick-up frame having suction cups arranged thereon for lifting the laminations individually from corresponding platforms at the four lamination feed positions and depositing them on the support frame in a properly stacked relationship.

Abstract: A method for yield tightening of screws by use of a wrench including a device for detecting a tightening torque in the actual tightening process, a device for detecting a tightening angle and an electric motor for applying a torque to each screw, a device for driving the wrench, and a controller including a device for communication with an external device. After the actual tightening torque reaches a certain value, an average torque rate is obtained by an integration using four or more pieces of torque data and is compared with a preset target torque rate, judging a yield point. The integration is performed for each minimum angle for which new torque data can be obtained. The tightening process is stopped when the judgement of the yield point has been given in succession a larger number of times than 1/2 of the number of torque data used for the integration.

Abstract: An HID lamp incorporates all-metal electrodes providing rapid transition of the arc to the electrode tip. The electrode comprises a length of thoriated tungsten wire having a close wrapped coil between connection and tip ends, so that rapid heating of the electrode tip promotes rapid transition of the arc from coil crevices to the tip.

Abstract: A key stream is generated, and successive keys and instruction words are derived from it. A character is enciphered with a derived key by an enciphering operation determined by the instruction word. A subsequent character is enciphered with the next key derived from the key stream by another enciphering operation determined by the next derived instruction word. Any transmission errors which may occur in the enciphered characters do not propagate, resulting in effective enciphering and reliable deciphering.

Abstract: A polarization diversity light receiving system using base combining is disclosed, which is arranged so that the control signal for the local oscillator laser is the sum of squared values of received signals.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for reducing smoke emitted from a diesel engine are disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a trap for trapping black smoke particles which is disposed within the exhaust system of the engine, the trap including a ceramic trap assembly having a honeycomb structure in which a catalyst which enables lowering of the combustion temperature of black smoke is carried on internal passage walls; a pressure sensor provided at the inlet of the trap; an engine speed sensor; a butterfly valve provided in the intake system of the engine; and a combination of a controller and an actuator for the butterfly valve.

Abstract: An overhead projector comprises a housing having a top comprising a Fresnel lens and a writing plate overlying the Fresnel lens. A light source in the housing directs light up through the Fresnel lens and writing plate. A support arm projecting up from the rear of the housing supports an objective lens and a deflection mirror in position to project light from the writing plate onto a wall or screen. A liquid crystal indicating or display device overlies the writing plate and is spaced from the writing plate to provide an air flow space between the writing plate and the liquid crystal indicating device. A fan or blower in the projector housing draws air through the air flow space between the liquid crystal indicating device and the writing plate to cool the liquid crystal indicating device and also produces air flow in the projector housing to cool the light source and other components in the housing. The projector may also have a computer and keyboard for controlling the liquid crystal indicating device.

Abstract: A broadband balun, suitable for feeding a spiral antenna, has a balanced port (20) comprising two adjacent strip conductors (16,17; 36,37) which are coupled to the unbalanced port (6) by respective paths of the same effective electrical lengths. The paths comprise respective strip transmission lines (9,10) having a common ground conductor (3; 44) which terminates in a transition to the balanced line (19), and further comprise slot line means (11; 21) and strip transmission line-to-slot line coupling means (14,15) so arranged as in operation to provide in the two strip conductors (16,17; 36,37) from an RF signal at the unbalanced port (6) signals of mutually opposite phases with respect to the common ground conductor (3; 44).

Abstract: An apparatus for assemblying link chains of the type having paired links joined together with cross pins joining successive pairs of links longitudinally as chain links having a pitch corresponding to the distance between successive cross pins connecting the paired links. The apparatus has a pair of opposed presses each having a corresponding ram head. The ram heads are cylically operated from a retracted starting position and advanced toward each other and retracted to their retracted position. The ram heads are provided with tools on tool bars for transporting and assemblying paired links on successive cross pins. A trolley travels between the ram heads in a diection forwardly three half pitches and then in a reverse direction two half pitches. The trolley upon reaching the second reverse half-pitch returns to the forward movement of its next operating cycle. The trolley advances successive individual cross pins spaced along the path of travel and thus transports the link chain assembly.

Abstract: An overhead projector comprises a housing the upper side of which is closed by a transparent writing plate under which there is a Fresnel lens. A lamp in the housing is provided with a cold light reflector and a condenser lens for directing light upwardly through the Fresnel lens and writing plate. A projection head mounted above the writing plate on a support arm extending up from the rear side of the housing and comprising an objective lens and a deflection mirror directs the light received from the lamp through the Fresnel lens and writing plate onto a projection screen. A liquid crystal display in a frame hingedly mounted on the rear side of the housing can be swung between an operative position overlying, but spaced from the writing plate and an idle position up against the support arm where it is held by a magnet.

Abstract: Cells of Pseudomonas bacteria having a high nitrile hydratase activity can be obtained in a high yield by adding sequentially to a culture medium at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propionitrile, isobutyronitrile, propionamide, and isobutyramide in the process of cultivation of Pseudomonas bacteria capable of producing nitrile hydratase.

Abstract: In a fluorescent lamp having a multi-layer phosphor, a halophosphate-containing layer having color coordinates within an oval centered on X=0.382 and Y=0.384. A rare earth activated phosphor layer has approximately the same color coordinates. The area density ratio of the rare earth and halophosphate-containing phosphor layers is between 0.088 to 0.222 and preferably between 0.088 to 0.133.