Abstract: A predictive encoder for still pictures comprises a quantizer (Q) whose characteristic curve is variable. The encoded picture data are read and transmitted at a constant bit rate from an output memory (PMUX). A subtractor (SR) and a picture memory (BS) are used for obtaining prediction values. In order to be able to transmit the still pictures from a video camera without any noticeable loss of quality, a first frame memory (V1) is provided in which the data of all pixels of the still picture to be transmitted are stored. A selection circuit (AS) adjusts the characteristic curve after the quantizer (Q) performs the quantizing operation. If the data stored in the first frame memory (V1) are transmitted several times, the selection circuit (AS) selects, for each encoding and transmission operation, a characteristic curve corresponding to a more refined quantizing operation than the characteristic curve which was used for the previous encoding and transmission operation.

Abstract: This package wrapping apparatus is equipped with film hauling device.This film hauling device comprises lower and upper conveyor belts which can catch selvage of film between those belts and unwind folded rolled film uniformly.Furthermore one end of lower or upper conveyor belts can be opened or closed by hand and, also can be locked in the closed position by locking lever.So if a piece of selvage of film is cut away, it can be removed from the above film hauling device easily by opening upper conveyor belt.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium discharge reflector lamp having a blown glass outer envelope. The outer envelope contains a rare gas having a fill pressure slightly less than one atmosphere and a pressure at lamp operating temperature of approximately one atmosphere for implosion protection.

Abstract: A barometric meter such as barometer or a barometric altimeter comprises a vacuum chamber having a movable portion which displaces in proportion to air pressure. An aperture plate for allowing a light beam to pass therethrough is mounted to the movable portion of the vacuum chamber, and a light source stationary relative to the vacuum chamber is provided for illuminating the aperture plate. A photoelectric position detector disposed on the other side of the light source relative to the aperture plate and stationary to the vacuum chamber is provided for receiving the light beam which passes through the aperture in the aperture plate and for supplying an output indicative of the positional change of the light beam impinging on the photo-electric position detector. The output of the detector may be digitally displayed on a display as either air pressure or altitude.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting tight ends in a sheet of yarns of an associated yarn processing machine comprises an elongate channel extending transversely below the yarn sheet and having an upper open side. A multiplicity of sensing fingers having upwardly bowed central portions and projecting end portions are retained in the open side of the channel by flanges engaging the end portions of the fingers. A resilient strip or inflated tube engages a first end portion of each sensing finger to press the end portions of the sensing fingers up against the respective retaining flanges. The yarn sheet passes over the sensing fingers and, on both sides of the channel, is held down by guide bars which are lower than the sensing fingers.

Abstract: Nitrile hydration activity of the nitrilase or the immobilized from thereof can be stably preserved by adding as a stabilizer at least one compound selected from nitriles, amides, and organic acids and salts thereof to a solution or suspension of the nitrilase or of the immobilized form thereof.

Abstract: A distributed feedback semiconductor device is disclosed which has a diffraction grating disposed near a light emitting active layer, a double hetero structure with the active layer sandwiched between n- and p-type semiconductors and n- and p-side electrodes for injection a current into the active layer, one of the n- and p-side electrodes being divided into a plurality of electrodes, and in which a current is injected into the active layer across the n- and p-side electrodes for laser oscillation to obtain output light. A first current source is connected to each of electrodes into which one of the n- and p-side electrodes is divided, and a second current source is connected to the divided electrodes via resistors, for injecting a current into the active layer in a desired ratio. The first and second current sources are controlled in accordance with the light emitting state of the active layer.

Abstract: The wrapping includes two front end discoidal lids with cylindrical perimetral covers, suitable to surround the coil; each of the two lids is made up of at least two parts (21, 23; 25, 27) defined by radial planes, as two half-covers, which are assembled one after the other, each resting on the top part of the coil B, and making the coil itself resting on rollers 35 rotate; the two lids are made so that they overlap when they are assembled on the coil axially opposite to one another.

Abstract: A graphitic or carbonaceous molding comprising graphite powder and a mesophase-containing pitch is obtained by suspending graphite powder in a tar, heating the suspension while blowing an inert gas therein to form the mesophase-containing pitch on the graphite particles to obtain carbonaceous precursors and molding/carbonizing or graphitizing the carbonaceous precursors.

Abstract: A method of and device for recording an information signal (Vc) on a record carrier (1) are revealed. The information words of the information signal are converted into code words (200) comprising a variable number of bits of a first logic value ("1"). The number of consecutive bits of the first logic value is at least equal to P. the number of consecutive bits of the second logic value ("0") is at least Q, P being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and Q being an integer greater than P. the code words are selected in such a way that for information words of successive values the associated code words differ for only one bit. During recording an elementary mark (54) is formed on the record carrier for every bit of the first logic value. Moreover a read device for the record carrier thus obtained is described.

Abstract: The electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp has a lamp vessel (1) with a protuberance (2), in which an electrical coil (4) is situated around a soft magnetic body (3). A heat-resistant envelope (5) separates the coil (4) from the body (3).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a fluoride glass fiber preform are disclosed which preclude the step of pouring a glass melt into a mold from a crucible, and hence permit the fabrication of a long, homogeneous fluoride glass fiber preform free from foreign substances and air bubbles leading to scattering and which also allow ease in the fabrication of a preform having an elliptic core portion for drawing a polarized wave retaining fiber.

Abstract: A film wrapping apparatus for wrapping articles and a method of wrapping articles in a heat-sealable thermoplastic packaging film. The apparatus has a film-hauling device in form of a conveyer having travelling clamping runs of upper and lower belts for clamping a free marginal selvage or edge part of a folded strip of packaging film having the parts thereof superposed. An infeed device positions articles successively at a position in which the superposed parts of successive lengths of the folded film are hauled over and under the articles respectively and envelope the articles as the successive lengths of the folded film are advanced intermittently by the film-hauling device from a web.

Abstract: The invention relates to an unsaturated high-pressure sodium lamp provided with a discharge vessel enclosing a discharge space, having a ceramic wall and closed at both ends by a leadthrough element to which an electrode is secured, and at least one electrode provided with emitter material. The fill material within the discharge vessel contains sodium, mercury and a rare gas. According to the invention, the discharge space also contains in metallic form one or more of the elements Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba up to at most 10% by weight of the mercury metered.

Abstract: A powder mixture of yttrium and aluminum sulfates is prepared and heated in a oxidizing atmosphere. Silicon and/or magnesium compounds are added during the powder mixture preparation, or after it is heated and the resulting garnet powder is molded into the shape of a discharge envelope. The molding is then sintered.

Abstract: A light triggering switch is disclosed for switching the optical path of an input optical signal to a desired output optical path. A portion of an optical control signal of a predetermined wavelength is branched by a branching filter. An electrically-controlled optical switch is provided for converting the branched optical control signal into an electrical signal and for switching the optical signal to the desired output optical path in accordance with the intensity of the converted electrical signal. In place of the electrically-controlled optical switch, a nonlinear reflector type optical switch may be provided for switching the optical signal to the desired output optical path in accordance with the intensity of the branched optical control signal.

Abstract: An optical amplification method or system for an optical communication system which transmits signal light from the transmitting side to the receiving side via an optical transmission medium formed by an optical fiber or space. In accordance with the present invention, the signal light entered a certain state of polarization in at least one part of the transmitting side, the receiving side and the optical transmission medium is separated into two orthogonal polarized waves by a polarizing beam coupler/splitter. The two polarized waves are amplified by optical amplifiers disposed in correspondence to their state of polarization, respectively. The amplified orthogonal polarized waves are combined together by another polarizing beam coupler/splitter.

Abstract: The electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp comprises a discharge vessel (1) having an inwardly extending protuberance (2) and an evacuated outer bulb (5) having a protuberance (6) projecting into the protuberance (2). A soft magnetic body (3) is arranged in the protuberance (6). It is a heat-resistant envelope (22) and is surrounded by an electrical coil (4) outside the envelope (22).