Abstract: Pure azelaic acid is obtained by working up a reaction mixture containing C.sub.1-18 monocarboxylic acids, mainly pelargonic acid, and C.sub.4-16 dicarboxylic acids, mainly azelaic acid, obtained from the ozonolysis of oleic acid or a starting mixture containing oleic acid. All but <2% by weight of the monocarboxylic acids and part of the dicarboxylic acids with a chain length of <C.sub.9 and >C.sub.9 are separated off to obtain a prepurified product containing more than 75% by weight of oleic acid and the prepurified product is concentrated to more than 90% by weight of oleic acid in several process steps. In a first process step (1), the dicarboxylic acids with chain lengths of <C.sub.9 present in the prepurified product are removed as first runnings by fractional distillation. In a second process step (2), the bottom product obtained is reacted with water to split carboxylic anhydrides present in the bottom product.

Abstract: A process of bonding a plastic is provided. The process comprises applying to a plastic surface an aqueous dispersion of a hydroxyl-functional polyurethane prepolymer obtained by:(1) reaction of:a polyol component containing a polyester polyol,a compound selected from the group of compounds containing groups capable of salt formation and at least two isocyanate-reactive groups,an isocyanate component in a stoichiometric excess, at least 20% by weight of said component consisting of tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate, and(2) subsequent dispersion in water and at least partial reaction of the remaining NCO groups with an aminoalcohol and, optionally, subsequent chain extension. The process further comprises drying said applied aqueous dispersion to form a primer and bonding said plastic surface having said primer to a part to be joined thereto. The process is particularly useful for priming plastics such as polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: Described is a moisture-curing sealing and bonding compound made from completely synthetic polymers, the compound containing, to improve its non-sag properties, a triglyceride, either as the sole non-sag agent or in addition to prior art agents. The triglyceride should have a melting point over 40.degree. C., preferably over 50.degree. C., and be derived from saturated fatty acids with 8 to 26 C-atoms. Even without using thixotropic agents, compounds can be obtained which do not sag at temperatures over 40.degree. C. Such joint sealants can be used to fill joints more than 35 mm wide without sagging.

Abstract: A process is presented for producing stable multi-enzyme containing granules. The process involves the steps of mixing a reversible competitive inhibitor with a first enzyme, adding a second incompatible enzyme, adding a carrier, extruding and granulating the resulting mixture and reducing the moisture content if necessary.

Abstract: A process for pressure splitting glycerides into fatty acids and glycerols involving the steps of: (a) providing a glyceride feedstock; (b) providing a hydrolytic lipase enzyme; (c) providing an alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof; (d) mixing components (a)-(c) in the presence of water and with agitation, at a temperature ranging from about 50 to about 60.degree. C. to form a partially hydrolyzed glyceride feedstock; (e) introducing the partially hydrolyzed glyceride feedstock into a pressure splitter; and (f) splitting the partially hydrolyzed glyceride feedstock in the pressure splitter into carboxylic acids and glycerols.

Abstract: Toxic cyanide and anionic metal species are removed from aqueous alkaline solutions by contacting the aqueous alkaline solutions with an extractant compound which is capable of being protonated at a pH of 9 or above. Whereby the anionic metal species is extracted from the aqueous alkaline solution, subsequently stripping the metal values from the extractant and recovering the metal species, preferably by electrowinning. The process is useful in a flotation process in which a recycled aqueous process stream is employed in that the toxic cyanide ion and anionic metal species are removed prior to recycling of the aqueous process stream for flotation.

Abstract: A deodorant composition containing: (a) a cationic biopolymer; (b) an aluminum chlorohydrate; and (c) an esterase inhibitor.

Abstract: A process for making a phenolic ketone involving reacting a metal aryloxide with an aliphatic aldehyde having from at least 2 to about 25 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process comprising the steps of contacting a metal surface with an aqueous composition comprising water and specific amounts by weight of phosphate ions, condensed phosphate ions and water soluble polymer molecules of a specific general formula, separating the contacted metal surface from the aqueous composition, rinsing with water and heating.

Abstract: The hotmelt adhesive according to the invention containsA) at least one polyurethane prepolymer ofa) at least one polyisocyanate, more particularly toluene diisocyanate and/or MDI,b) at least one polyalkylene glycol in a concentration of more than 10% by weight, based on the hotmelt adhesive as a whole, more particularly polypropylene glycol,c) at least one polyester glycol, preferably at least two polyester glycols with different glass transition temperatures andd) at least one chain extender andB) optionally additives, such ase) a resin, more particularly a hydrocarbon resin, andf) a stabilizer, more particularly toluene sulfonyl isocyanate.The hotmelt adhesive preferably has a melt viscosity of 4 to 100 Pa.cndot.s at 170.degree. C. The PU prepolymer has only one Tg in the DSC curve. The hotmelt adhesive is distinguished by high creep resistance and high early and ultimate strengths.

Abstract: A container for a free-flowing product, in particular a correcting fluid, has an opening provided with a removable closure cap with an integrated brush-shaped applicator. A sleeve-shaped stripper is positioned in the opening and includes stripping strips whose ends are elastically supported against each other and at least partially close the open cross section of the stripper. Product is perfectly dosed from the container even over a long time and losses of the volatile fraction of the product in the container are largely avoided when opening the container and removing product therefrom, via a brush-shaped applicator provided in the area of its stem with a continuous notch in which the free ends of the stripping strips are engaged when the closure cap is installed on the container.

Abstract: A reaction adhesive becomes porous after hardening. This allows both small and larger gaps to be sealed between the bonded substrates, as the liquid adhesive has a low to medium viscosity and the hardened glue shows a marked volume increase. Reaction adhesives based on (meth)acrylates and that contain azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as initiator and expanding agent are preferably used. The disclosed reaction adhesive is preferably used for gluing reactive coils.

Abstract: A process for preparing high detergency or surfactant alkyl polyglycoside compositions and a purified alkyl monoglycoside and to compositions employing the polyglycosides for various end use applications. The process involves removal of a substantial portion of the monoglycoside present in a reaction product mixture containing alkyl polyglycosides resulting from the reaction of an alcohol and saccharide at elevated temperatures in the presence of an acid catalyst. Separation of the monoglycoside from the reaction product mixture may be carried out by molecular distillation.

Abstract: Aliphatic polycarboxylic acids are made by a process comprising the steps of: (1) fermenting a beta-oxidation blocked C. tropicalis cell wherein both copies of the chromosomal POX5 gene and the chromosomal POX4A and POX4B genes are disrupted in a culture medium comprised of a nitrogen source, an organic substrate and a cosubstrate wherein the substrate is an unsaturated aliphatic compound having at least one internal carbon--carbon double bond and at least one terminal methyl group, a terminal carboxyl group and/or a terminal functional group which is oxidizable to a carboxyl group by biooxidation; (2) reacting the product of step (1) with an oxidizing agent to produce one or more polycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently of one another may represent a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-4) alkyl group, a hydroxy (C.sub.2-3) alkyl group, an alkoxy (C.sub.2-3) alkyl group, an amino (C.sub.2-3) alkyl group or a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently of one another may represent hydrogen or a (C.sub.1-4) alkyl group, are made by reacting 2,4-dinitrohalobenzenes with 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolanes under alkaline conditions to form 4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolanes, which are further reduced to the compounds of formula (I). In an alternate process, the 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolanes are reacted with 4-halo-3-nitranilines or 2-halo-5-nitranilines, the product further reacted first under basic conditions with chloroformic acid ester followed by treatment with strong base, alkylation or alkoxylation, reduction, and optionally further alkylation of alkoxylation to arrive at the compounds (I).

Abstract: Process for the aftertreatment of betaine and amphoteric surfactants comprising adjusting the pH to the range of from 11 to 14 by addition of an alkali metal hydroxide, followed by a thermal aftertreatment if the surfactant contains dichloroacetic acid residues.

Abstract: A process for improving the adherence of paint applied after thin-film anodization is characterized in that the anodized metal surfaces are brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing one or more of the following components: (a) 200 to 2000 ppm of a homopolymer or copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and/or their esters; (b) 200 to 3000 ppm of a poly(vinyl phenol) compound in which at part of the phenol rings carry an alkylamino substituent; (c) 200 to 3000 ppm of hexafluorotitanic acid, hexafluorozirconic acid, and/or their anions.

Abstract: An aqueous thickener composition containing an organic water-dispersible or water-soluble polymeric thickener and a viscosity reducer comprising a compound corresponding to formula (1):R.sup.1 --O--(R.sup.2 --O).sub.n --H (1)in whichR.sup.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 represents an alkylene radical containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, andn is an integer of 3 to 7.

Abstract: The invention concerns aqueous surfactant concentrates having a solids content of between 35 and 65 wt % and containing (a1) alkyl oligoglycosides and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides; and/or (a2) fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxy alkylamides; and (b) betaine, in weight ratios of (a):(b) of between 10:90 and 90:10; wherein the pH of these concentrates is between 3.5 and 6.5.

Abstract: A process for producing a particulate amorphous alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio of M.sub.2 O to SiO.sub.2 of 1:1.5 to 1:3.3 bya) spray-drying an aqueous mixture of amorphous alkali metal silicate,b) impregnating the spray-dried amorphous alkali metal silicate with an aqueous dispersion or solution of detergent composition components containing at least one organic component, andc) optionally drying the impregnated amorphous alkali metal silicate.