Abstract: A filled structure characterized by the combination of high compressive and tensile strength to allow a high bending load includes a fiber reinforced resinous hollow structure having a tensile strength of at least 30,000 psi. The hollow structure has first and second ends, an inside surface forming a boundary which encloses a space, and an outside surface. At least a portion of the outside surface of one of the ends has a roughened portion sufficient to provide frictional resistance with the ground when the one end is driven into the ground. A hard core is disposed within the space enclosed by the hollow structure. The hard core has a density of at least 35 pounds per cubic foot and a compressive strength of at least 1500 psi. The hard core is formed from a mixture of particulate cementitious material and liquid.

Abstract: A ducted fan gas turbine engine is provided with a fan which is carried by a shaft. Frangible fuse pins maintain the shaft carrying the fan coaxial with the engine longitudinal axis. In the event of severe fan damage, the fuse pins fracture and the fan shaft orbits about the engine longitudinal axis. A spoked resilient member is provided to exert a radially inward restoration force upon the fan shaft following such an event in order to reduce vibration.

Abstract: A wagon assembly for use in gardening and lawn care comprises a wagon body structure which provides a main compartment. The main compartment accommodates the carriage of items and materials used in gardening and lawn care. A handle structure is pivotally connected to a forward end of the wagon body structure such that the handle structure moves between a stacking position and a range of operating positions. Wheel structures are rotatably connected to the wagon body structure and are constructed to enable the wagon assembly to be rolled manually by exerting force on the handle structure. Upwardly facing supporting surfaces are constructed and arranged to support a first similar wagon assembly aligned above the wagon assembly in a stable stacking and nesting relation with the handle structure of the wagon assembly in the stacking position such that portions of wheel structures of the first similar wagon assembly are disposed between upper peripheral edges of the wagon body structure.

Abstract: A ducted fan gas turbine engine is provided with a fan which is carried by a shaft. Frangible fuse pins maintain the shaft carrying the fan coaxial with the engine longitudinal axis. In the event of severe fan damage, the fuse pins fracture and the fan shaft orbits about the engine longitudinal axis. An annular resilient member is provided to exert a radially inward restoration force upon the fan shaft following such an event in order to reduce vibration.

Abstract: The fan duct of a ducted fan gas turbine engine is provided with a secondary duct at least partly within the downstream end of the primary duct. The secondary duct is provided with means such as flaps whereby the airflow therethrough may be varied to suit flight requirements of an associated aircraft, in a way which will control the maximum diameter of the free stream tube airflow at the intake of the engine, thus effectively reducing the frontal area of the fan duct, and therefor, drag.

Abstract: In a gas turbine engine, compressor delivery air is fed into air inlets in hollow turbine nozzle guide vanes, and then ejected into the gas stream via holes in the vane walls. Valving is provided so as to provide modulation of the cooling airflow over and above the modulation achieved by compressor output when it changes with engine power setting. Excessive cooling of the gas stream is thus prevented.

Abstract: A decomposition reactor for installation in connection with a thermal decomposition chamber for hydrocarbon gases, especially a plasma torch, is designed in the form of a defined, insulated chamber, with an inlet for admixtures/gases in the walls of the reactor space. In order to improve the control of the products produced, the supply channels in the walls of the reactor are provided with channels for introducing hydrocarbon gases of the same kind as the main medium introduced at a temperature of between 1,000 and 2,000.degree. C. in the upper region of the space. Hydrocarbon gas of a lower temperature is introduced at one or more points further down in the reactor. A method for the operation of such a decomposition reactor for the production of carbon black with defined physical properties, is also described.

Abstract: It is the norm to make diffusion bonded and superplastically formed heat exchanger panels from a trio of three sheet stacks, which employs four diffusion bonding stages and three superplastic forming stages. The concept described and claimed obviates one sheet from the central stack and provides only one passageway between the remaining two sheets. The advantages gained include less material and one bonding/superplastic forming stage is obviated with resulting savings in cost, time and machine utilization.

Abstract: A turbine (10) for a gas turbine engine includes an annular array of turbine aerofoil blades (12) which are mounted on a disc (19). Each of the aerofoil blades (12) is provided with a radially inner platform (21). Each platform (21) includes a passage (37) into which leaked cooling air flows. The passages (37) are disposed in a direction having a circumferential component so that cooling air is exhausted from them in a direction that is generally opposite to that in which the disc (19) operationally rotates.

Abstract: An apparatus (14) for locating a source of acoustic mission in an article (10) comprises a plurality of spaced transducers (18) which supply output signals corresponding to detected acoustic emission activity to a processor (24). Artificially induced acoustic emissions (12) are generated in the article (10) by directing a laser beam (33) onto the article (10). A camera (40) produces an image of the article (10) and any laser flashes. A processor (42) converts the positions of the laser flashes to coordinates on the article (10). A processor (24) analyses parameters of the acoustic emission in the output signals and the coordinates of the laser flashes to infer the mathematical relationship between the parameters and location of acoustic emissions.

Abstract: A bladed rotor and surround assembly comprising an annular casing, a bladed rotor element that is rotatable about an axis concentrically within the casing, and an annular shroud liner. The shroud liner, typically made up of an annular array of circumferentially abutting shroud liner segments, is disposed within the casing in an annular radial space defined between the casing and an outer circumference of the bladed rotor. The shroud liner segments have location members to locate each segment within the casing. The location members and the annular radial space are configured to enable axial insertion of the shroud liner segment between the bladed rotor and the casing. In addition the location members and the annular radial space allow a limited amount of radial translation of the shroud segment during insertion. The location members also provide a positive radial location to prevent radial translation of the shroud segment once each shroud segment is in a final assembled position.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring distance includes a capacitance probe positioned adjacent a rotating member and within the housing of the rotating member such that the distance between the probe and rotating member can be measured. The rotating member and probe co-operate with each other so as to define a capacitor. An oscillator comprising a transmission line is electrically connected to the probe, the resonat frequency value of which is a function of the capacitance of the capacitor. The change in distance between the rotating member and the probe can therefore be measured.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of applying a coating to an article having one or more recesses or through holes includes establishing in a bath of coating solution a substantially uniform velocity flow field over and generally parallel to the surface of the article so as to create a pressure differential between the liquid flowing over the surface and the liquid present in the hole or recess.

Abstract: A variable diameter shroud ring (21) for the turbine of a gas turbine engine (10) comprises a support structure (25) which carries an annular array of circumferentially spaced apart ceramic segments (26). The radially outer surfaces of the segments (26) are overlaid by a plurality of circumferentially extending metallic sheets (38). The sheets (38) serve to inhibit gas leakage through gaps between the segments (26) as the diameter of the shroud ring (21) is varied.

Abstract: Provided is radiation-curable ink composition containing a radiation-curable carrier system containing at least one radiation-curable monomer or oligomer and at least one pigment dispersed in the radiation-curable carrier system in an amount sufficient to provide a color which is visible without magnification. The pigment is substantially insoluble in the radiation-curable carrier system whereby the particulate shape of the pigment is substantially retained in the radiation-curable carrier system. The pigment having a particle size that substantially avoids pigment induced microbending of an optical glass fiber coated with the ink coating.

Abstract: Provided is a process for recovering chemicals and energy from spent liquor obtained when producing paper pulp by chemical delignificatation of fibrous raw material. The spent liquor is gasified in at least two reactors, a first and a second stream of solid and/or smelt material and of combustible gaseous material being formed. The formed material is treated in one or more devices (5, 6, 7, 8), whereby a first (9) and a second liquor (27) are formed. The pressure and/or temperature in the first reactor differ(s) from the pressure and/or temperature in the second reactor. In addition, one or more process chemicals are recovered selectively from the formed liquor and/or gas, and are thereafter returned in whole or in part to one or more of the reactors (1, 2) and/or to one or more of the devices (5, 6, 7, 8) for treatment of the formed material.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for releasing energy from hydrogen atoms (molecules) by stimulating their electrons to relax to quantized lower energy levels and smaller radii (smaller semimajor and semiminor axes) than the "ground state" by providing energy sinks or means to remove energy resonant with the hydrogen energy released to stimulate these transitions. An energy sink, energy hole, can be provided by the transfer of at least one electron between participating species including atoms, ions, molecules, and ionic and molecular compounds. In one embodiment, the energy hole comprises the transfer of t electrons from one or more donating species to one or more accepting species whereby the sum of the ionization energies and/or electron affinities of the electron donating species minus the sum of the ionization energies and/or electron affinities of the electron accepting species equals approximately mX27.21 eV (mX48.6 eV) for atomic (molecular) hydrogen below "ground state" transitions where m and t are integers.

Abstract: Provided is a process for removing metals from a bleaching plant spent liquor and recovering a chelating agent which includes the steps of: heating a spent liquor containing a chelate comprising metals bound in a chelating agent to a temperature of at least about 140.degree. C.

Abstract: A tag applicator for cylindrical objects is provided with an applicator station for receiving an adhesive surfaced label or tag over a pair of flexible wrapping fingers; a transport device engages, grips and moves an article to be tagged from a supply station through a tag applying station and then to a discharge station with the movement of the part through the tag applying station being effective in combination with the wrapping fingers to securely apply the adhesive tag to the part.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable, phenolic resin composition adapted to form a closed-cell phenolic resin foam under substantially atmospheric pressure. The foamable, phenolic resin composition is formulated from a resol resin, a blowing agent, and a bond strength enhancing agent and/or a phenolic resin nucleating agent. The present invention also relates to a method of forming a closed-cell, phenolic resin foam and a closed-cell phenolic resin foam.