Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to reduce the amount of spurious noise generated by an emission line spectrum of a signal propagating around the PLL of a PLL frequency synthesizer carrying out digital-signal processing.In order to achieve the object described above, the present invention provides a PLL frequency synthesizer with the following configuration.In a PLL frequency synthesizer having a charge-pump circuit, a waveform converter is provided at a stage behind the charge-pump circuit. The waveform converter converts the voltage waveform on a time axis of a rectangular wave output by the charge-pump circuit into a waveform which: is symmetrical with respect to a predetermined point of time; oscillates so as to have no direct-current component; and has a maximum value of the absolute values of maximums of wave heights thereof located at the center wherein the absolute value decreases uniformly as the wave height is separated farther away from the center.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus is provided with at least one waveguide portion for introducing microwaves, an electron heating space chamber formed on a downstream side with respect to a dielectric body in the waveguide portion, and a plasma generating space chamber coupled with the electron heating space chamber. A first static magnetic field generating device surrounds the electron heating space chamber using permanent magnets, producing a strong magnetic field exceeding an electron cyclotron resonance magnetic field strength along a propagation direction of the microwave in the electron heating space chamber and in a microwave leading-out portion of the dielectric body, and forming a cusped magnetic field.

Abstract: An electrical power distribution monitoring system is provided for a power distribution line having a plurality of sections with a plurality of electrical loads connected to the power distribution line to form a power distribution network. The monitoring system has at least one sensor for at least one present electrical value at at least one point of the network, and estimates electrical values for at least one section of the line in dependence on both of present electrical values measured by the sensor and data relating to past power consumption by loads connected to the line. Improved prediction of actual conditions in the distribution line can be obtained.

Abstract: A data processor has a ROM that holds a boot program for causing the CPU to transfer a debug program from a serial interface circuit to a debug-use RAM area. When supplied externally with an SDI boot command, the serial interface circuit outputs an SDI interrupt request signal (SDI.sub.-- boot) to an interrupt controller. The signal causes the CPU to execute the boot program. Debug operations are varied as per the contents of the downloaded debug program, and data exchanges upon debugging are carried out serially.

Abstract: A battery controller for controlling at least two batteries of different kinds, includes a kind-of-battery detection unit for detecting a kind of battery, and a battery switching unit in which a switching voltage, a suspended mode shift voltage and a termination voltage having different values in accordance with the kind of the battery detected by the kind-of-battery detector are previously set to compare an output voltage of a battery being discharged with the previously set switching voltage, suspended mode shift voltage and termination voltage so that switching of the battery being discharged, stopping of operation of an apparatus being supplied with electric power by the battery being discharged or stopping of supply of electric power by the battery being discharged is performed.

Abstract: A digital detector for radiography and fluoroscopy is disclosed. The detector includes a large area, flat panel that easily fits into a conventional X-ray room bucky tray. The detector utilizes a layer of photoconductor (i.e. a-Se in the preferred embodiment) to detect X-rays and convert the X-ray energy to charge, and an active matrix TFT array in the form of a very large area integrated circuit, for readout of the charge. A dual gate structure is used for the TFT array wherein the top gate is formed as an extension of the pixel electrode, so as to provide high voltage protection of the TFT. An integrated pixel storage capacitor is provided for enhanced absorption of X-ray energy with low pixel voltage, low leakage current and a large charge leakage time constant. In a preferred embodiment, the integrated pixel storage capacitor is created by overlapping the pixel the pixel electrode with an adjacent gate line or a separate ground line of the active matrix readout array.

Abstract: A design support system for executing logic verification so as to perform work management, progress state management and logic quality management efficiently in a logic verification process and so as to improve the man-hour for development and the throughput of computer resources. For every verification item to be executed, management information including a verification item number for identifying a verification item, confirmation information for indicating the fact that no failure has been confirmed in the verification item, a prerequisite verification item number for identifying another verification item required to be confirmed as a prerequisite for the verification item is stored in a memory of the system.

Abstract: In a microcomputer incorporating a microprocessor, the coprocessor having product-sum operation arithmetic units executes residue multiplications given by "A=A.multidot.B.multidot.R.sup.-1 mod N+kN", "A=A.sup.2 .multidot.R.sup.-1 mod N+kN" and "A=A.multidot.R.sup.-1 mod N 30 kN" and is provided with a multiplication function of executing a preprocessing "R.sup.2 mod N" at high speed. It is possible to perform a power-residue operation "X.sup.Y mod N" at high speed by the microprocessor, using these calculation functions of the coprocessor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of synthesizing polyamines, the improvement comprising producing polyamines having an increased nitrogen content. It concerns the improved fuel additives thereby produced, and the resultant improved fuel composition which comprises an admixture of said fuel additive and a gasoline.

Abstract: To realize etching with a high selection ratio and a high accuracy in fabrication of an LSI, the composition of dissociated species of a reaction gas is accurately controlled when dry-etching a thin film on a semiconductor substrate by causing an inert gas excited to a metastable state in a plasma and a flon gas to interact with each other and selectively obtaining desired dissociated species.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit which provides an accurate, continuously tunable impedance includes a tunable continuous time transconductor G(s) which may, for example, be an opto-electronic inductor. This has a discrete time current processor-H(z) connected between its input and output so as to provide current feedback. The discrete time current processor may be based on a switched current memory which can be adapted to provide scaler, differentiator or integrator configurations.

Abstract: A stereotactic guide apparatus 100 is provided for use with a CT scanner device 18 for guiding the entry of a probe into a patient's body. The CT scanner device is provided with a stereotactic arm member 30 having a first base end 42 connected to the CT scanner device 18 and a second free end 40 movable relative to the CT scanner device. The stereotactic surgical instrument guide apparatus includes a first end effector member 106 including a guide channel 152 defining a probe insertion path 150. The surgical instrument guidance device further includes a second end effector member 104 on the free end of the stereotactic arm member and including a laser light source 108 generating a light guide beam along the probe insertion path 150.

Abstract: A gantry (A) has a bore defining a first patient examination region (12). A first x-ray source (B) is mounted to a frame (C) for rotation around the examination region (12). An arc of first radiation detectors (14) detects x-rays which have traversed the examination region. A first image reconstruction processor (18) reconstructs a tomographic image representation from signals generated by the first radiation detectors. An angiographic device (D) is positioned remote from the gantry along a longitudinal axis (25) for generating and displaying angiographic image representations on a display monitor (46). A second examination region is defined along the longitudinal axis (25) between a second x-ray source (36) and an image intensifier tube (38). A second processor (44) reconstructs the angiographic projection image representations from signals generated by the image intensifier tube (38).

Abstract: A tank-type surge arrester includes a zinc oxide element unit having zinc oxide elements, a top shield ring for earth insulation control disposed on top of the zinc oxide element unit, an upper shield ring disposed below the top shield ring in an upper section of the zinc oxide element unit, an expanded lower shield ring disposed below the upper shield ring in the upper section of the zinc oxide element unit, and tubular conductors disposed between the upper and the lower shield rings so as to be included in a vertical plane on an extension of a high-tension conductor.

Abstract: A method of reducing reactor fouling in a polyketone polymerization process so as to allow continuous operation of the process. The method comprises contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide and one or more olefins in the presence of a suitable catalyst and a liquid diluent in a polymerization reactor characterized in that the gas head space in the reactor is no more than 5% of the total internal volume of the reactor or the polymerization reactor has substantially no head space. Where a loop reactor is employed, fouling of the loop conduit is reduced by maintaining the contents of the loop conduit in a turbulent state and above a minimum flow velocity.

Abstract: A video camera combined with a recording and reproducing system having a recording and reproducing deck unit having a generally flat shape, a camera unit, a viewfinder unit, and a battery unit. As viewed from the direction perpendicular to the widest surface of the recording and reproducing deck unit, the camera unit, viewfinder unit, and battery unit are arranged so that they are set almost in the projection area of the widest surface.

Abstract: An excavation area setting system for area limiting excavation control in construction machines, with the excavation control being performed to calculate a target speed vector for control of a front device on the basis of a body, modify the target speed vector to limit a moving speed of the front device in the direction toward a boundary of a preset excavation area when the front device comes close to the boundary of the excavation area, and move the front device along the boundary of the excavation area. To set the excavation area, an external reference is installed horizontally outside the hydraulic excavator and a depth from the external reference to the boundary of the excavation area is set by using a setting device. The excavation area is set in a manner matched with the excavation control in which calculation is executed based on the position of the body.

Abstract: A quantum semiconductor memory element is disclosed which can share the terminals easily among a plurality of memory elements and can pass a high current and which is resistant to interference from noises. In order to accomplish this a control electrode is formed to cover the entirety of thin film regions connecting low-resistance regions. As a result, the element can have a small size and can store information with high density. Thus, a highly integrated, low power consumption non-volatile quantum memory device can be realized with reduced size.