Abstract: In a quartz glass crucible obtained by heating and fusing a rotating layer (3) charged with a powder of silicon dioxide, impurity elements are controlled so that copper, chromium, and nickel each amount to 0.5 ppb or less, iron amounts to 120 ppb or less, and sodium amounts to 20 ppb or less. The silicon dioxide powder is supplied to a rotatable mold (1) having an open top, thereby forming a layer (3) charged with silicon dioxide along the inner peripheral wall of the mold. The layer (3) is internally heated and fused while covering the open top with a lid (5) having two or more holes (6,7), and the mold (1) is ventilated to discharge the high temperature gases through the holes (6,7).

Abstract: Optical measuring apparatus for determining chromaticity of thin films on a substrate includes a light source for illuminating the substrate and a measuring apparatus for dispersing light into various wavelengths and making wavelength dependent intensity measurements. Radiation from the light source is reflected or transmitted by the substrate to the measuring apparatus along a first beam path having a first diaphragm for cutting off the radiation from the substrate in a leak-tight manner. Radiation from the light source is also transmitted to the measuring apparatus directly along a second beam path having a second diaphragm for cutting off radiation from the light source in a leak-tight manner. The light source (6a) consists of a globe photometer (6a), in which a lamp (4) is provided. A steadily burning light source, especially a halogen lamp, is used as the lamp (4).

Abstract: The invention concerns a binding matrix containing a carrier material and a solid phase reactant which is adsorbed to this via anchor groups that is capable of binding to at least one free reaction partner wherein the solid phase reactant forms a dilute and essentially laterally homogeneous binding layer on the surface of the carrier material. In addition a method for the determination of an analyte in a sample solution is claimed in which a solid phase reactant is used which is a component of a binding matrix according to the present invention. In this process the specific binding reaction is preferably determined by optical reflection techniques.

Abstract: A novel crystal modification of the compound 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxymethylpteridine hydrobromide and a process for its preparation and its use for preparing methotrexate. The novel crystal modification of 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxymethylpteridine hydrobromide is distinguished in particular by the fact that only one equivalent of the brominating agent triphenylphosphine dibromide is needed for brominating the 6-hydroxymethyl group. No reaction with the amino groups in the 2 and 4 positions takes place. This facilitates the reaction to give 2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl derivatives such as methotrexate.

Abstract: The invention involves assaying for possible presence of certain cancers, by screening a sample for a member of the MAGE-Xp family of genes. These cancers include testicular seminoma, non-small call lung carcinoma, melanoma, breast cancer, sarcoma, and leukemia.

Abstract: A method of applying strengthening coatings to metallic or metal-containing surfaces is provided in which the surface (2) to which a strengthening coating is to be applied is first subjected to activation, then at least one strengthening coating layer (1) is applied to the surface thus prepared. Said layer is treated with a laser beam (3) having a diameter (d) ranging from 0.2 mm to half the diameter (d) of the laser beam (3) entering into focusing element (5), with a power of at least 0.5 kW, with a rate of relative travel (A) of the surface being treated (2) and the laser beam (3) of at least 50 mm/min, the distance (L) between the focal plane (f) of the focusing element (5) to the surface being treated (2) being less than or equal to half the focal distance (F).

Abstract: Wheel speed values for each of four wheels are collected and analyzed for a statistical variation which would indicate low tire pressure. Prior to analysis, and following reset of the system, calibration factors are determined for each of the wheels to compensate rolling radius variations, and subsequently used to correct all wheel speed values. The corrected speed values are then filtered to exclude values which represent wheel slippage, rough road fluctuations, vehicle cornering, and uphill or downhill travel. When a sufficient number of values have been collected, an F-value is calculated substantially according to the statistical method "analysis of the variance", and the F-value is compared to an empirically determined value corresponding to a predetermined pressure loss. This comparison can provide the basis for a driver warning. Since a larger F-value indicates a larger statistical difference in wheel speeds, the value can be rechecked after a further interval for additional pressure loss.

Abstract: Disclosed is a food product having at least one distinct phase and a process and apparatus for producing such a product wherein a blend of ingredients, having a moisture content, is extruded in separate streams, and a coloring, flavoring or texturizing agent is added to the extruded streams at a pre-determined point. The streams are re-combined and then passed through a static mixer which produces minimal mixing while allowing a smooth separation and a proper flow into a die insert such as a shaping die.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a possibly substituted C.sub.8 -C.sub.15 -alkyl chain, n the number 0, 1 or 2 and A the residue of a nucleoside, processes for their preparation, as well as antiviral medicaments which contain these compounds.

Abstract: Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) is a 45 kDa endothelial cell mitogen that has been purified to homogeneity from human platelets. It does not bind to heparin and does not stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts, in contrast to other endothelial mitogens of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. PD-ECGF appears to be the only endothelial cell growth factor in human platelets and recent data indicate that it has angiogenic activity in vitro, i.e., the ability to stimulate the formation of new blood vessels and chemotactic activity, in vitro. The present invention provides a homogeneous PD-ECGF in substantially greater yields than available in the past, the primary structure of PD-ECGF, antibodies against PD-ECGF, clones of its cDNA, and variants thereof. The invention also provides a therapeutic preparation of PD-ECGF.

Abstract: Process for the production of oligonucleotides of formula II, in which the exocyclic amino groups of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, 7-deazaadenine and 7-deazaguanine carry N-phenylacetyl groups, are used for oligonucleotide synthesis, wherein in a first step a starting nucleotide is bound to a solid carrier, subsequently the desired oligonucleotide is synthesized by stepwise coupling with appropriately activated further monomeric nucleotide building blocks of the general formula I with the above-mentioned meanings, if desired, trivalent phosphorus is oxidized to pentavalent phosphorus during and after the synthesis, the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the carrier and the 5' protecting groups are cleaved off. The phenylacetyl functional groups that protect exocyclic NH.sub.2 groups of the bases can be cleaved off in a mild way with penicillin amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.1.11).

Abstract: For the production of polyolefins by polymerization of .alpha.-olefins in the presence of a peroxide catalyst a catalyst system is used as the catalyst which is composed of the components (A) and (B) in which:(A) denotes at least one compound selected from the group of organoaluminium compounds of formula AlR3 in which R represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or cycloalkyl group; and(B) denotes at least one organic peroxide.

Abstract: A method of administering a drug to a patient comprises the steps of filling a dispenser (20) with a predetermined total volume of a liquid containing the drug and administering a predetermined volume of the liquid in the dispenser to the patient (10) The liquid in the dispenser is then replaced with a diluent (22). The administration of liquid and replacement with diluent (22) are then repeated from time to time so that diminishing doses of the drug are administered to the patient (10). Preferably the diluent (22) is drawn into the dispenser (20) prior to the drug containing liquid being administered. The method is preferably- patient (10) controlled via control push button (48). The invention extends to apparatus which is used to carry out the method.

Abstract: A data processing system for processing the voting of partial stock interests via equity components comprising computer means for calculating and storing component factors for equity component interests and vote component factors corresponding to each of said component factors, wherein each said vote component factor is indicative of the right to receive a partial vote attributed to each of said equity component factors, wherein said equity component factors are at least two of: (i) a component interest indicative of the right to receive a partial share of stock equal in value to a stipulated price or a fall share of stock of the company on a predetermined future date, whichever is the lesser value; (ii) a component interest indicative of the right to receive a partial share of stock equal in value to the appreciation, if any, of the share of stock above the stipulated price on the predetermined date; and (iii) a component interest indicative of the right to receive substitute payments equal in amount to divi

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of producing synthetic GM2s. The methods are simple and efficient, and result in high yields of GM2s.

Abstract: A photographic printing apparatus for printing an image projected from a film on to a photosensitive material is disclosed. The apparatus has a lens system for forming the image of the film located at an exposing position on the photosensitive material, a lens-system drive mechanism for supporting and moving the lens system along an optical axis thereof, a temperature sensor for detecting an ambience temperature around the lens-system drive mechanism, and a control device connected with the temperature sensor and the lens-system drive mechanism. The control device has a memory for storing position correction information for the lens system at each possible temperature and a driver for outputting a correction operation signal obtained based on the correction information to the lens-system drive mechanism. Depending on an operation condition of the photographic printing apparatus, a timing of outputting the correction operation signal from the driver to the lens-system drive mechanism is determined.

Abstract: A central control module generates nominal values for braking based on a pedal input value form a pedal sensor which detects actuation of the brake pedal by the driver, and sensor signals representing wheel speeds. First and second brake control modules transmit sensor signals to the central module, receive nominal values from the central module, and transmit nominal values to the actuators. The first brake control module receives the pedal input value from the pedal sensor directly, and calculates the nominal values as a function of the pedal input value when the central module has failed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing calcium cyanamide by reacting urea with an oxygen-containing calcium compound in at least two stepsa) in a first step the reaction components are allowed to react under compression and/or while being revolved or by applying them to a hot surface at temperatures of 120.degree. to 500.degree. C. until a solid is formed andb) the solid reaction mixture that is formed is subsequently calcined at temperatures of 600.degree. to 900.degree. C.In this process it is possible to obtain high yields and throughputs of calcium cyanamide without requiring a time-consuming processing of the reaction product after the first or second step.

Abstract: The extent to which the brake pedal is actuated is detected, and the braking action in the wheel brakes with the greater amount of wear is reduced as a function of this pedal actuation. The reduction in brake pressure takes place primarily in a low range of brake pressures, the amount of reduction decreasing continuously in a middle range of brake pressures, and not taking place at all at high brake pressures.

Abstract: Two components are connected to each other by least one screw and held a certain distance apart from each other by a spacer which is provided with a slot for the passage of the screw. A first component has a hole which is larger than the shaft of the screw, this hole being covered by a washer borne against by the head of the screw. Slots provided in the washer and in the spacer permit not only a two-dimensional change of position of the first component with respect to the shaft of the screw but also a two-dimensional change of position of the washer and the spacer with respect to the shaft of the screw. When the components are being aligned, the washer and the spacer can be rotated by means of fingers extending from the spacer and through holes in the washer in such a way that the washer and the spacer continue to be concentric to the central axis of the hole in the first component.