Abstract: Methods of inhibiting proliferation of a plurality of proliferating cells are disclosed. Methods of inhibiting cell overgrowth on compositions that are in an animal's body are disclosed. Methods of inhibiting cell overgrowth on a device that is in an animal's body are disclosed. Devices that have on their exterior surface an alginate matrix that comprises Strontium are disclosed. Compositions comprising an alginate body and alginate sheets that each comprise a single layer of cells coating the exterior surface of the alginate body are disclosed. Methods of preparing an artificial tissue are disclosed. Devices comprising cells encapsulated within an alginate matrix and/or maintained as a monolayer on an alginate body, and methods of making and using the same are disclosed. Methods of coating compositions and devices are disclosed.

Abstract: Kits and compositions for producing an alginate gel are disclosed. The kits and compositions comprise soluble alginate and insoluble alginate/gelling ion particles. Methods for dispensing a self-gelling alginate dispersion are disclosed. The methods comprise forming a dispersion of insoluble alginate/gelling ion particles in a solution containing soluble alginate, and dispensing the dispersion whereby the dispersion forms an alginate gel matrix. The methods may include dispensing the dispersion into the body of an individual. An alginate gel having a thickness of greater than 5 mm and a homogenous alginate matrix network and homogenous alginate gels free of one or more of: sulfates citrates, phosphates, lactatates, EDTA or lipids are disclosed. Implantable devices comprising a homogenous alginate gel coating are disclosed. Methods of improving the viability of pancreatic islets, or other cellular aggregates or tissue, following isolation and during storage and transport are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for removal of dissolved materials and/or particles from a liquid stream comprising flocculation by vigorously mixing polysaccharides or hydrocolloids into the liquid stream and subsequent gelation of the polysaccharides or hydrocolloids with cations capable of gelling same. Large, strong gelled agglomerates of pollutant and polysaccharide or hydrocolloid are formed with the help of suitable cations. The gelled agglomerates are well suited to separation from a liquid stream by flotation, in a sieve, in a centrifuge, in a cyclone or via other conventional separation processes. Also described is a method for mixing of un-dissolved polysaccharide or hydrocolloid with a polluted aqueous stream by shearing the polysaccharide or hydrocolloid into the aqueous stream to improve logistics and provide economic savings in treatment of large volumes of water. Also described is the use of dilute solutions of polysaccharides for treatment of a variety of effluent streams.

Abstract: It has now been found that certain novel N-(substituted aryl)-4-(disubstituted methyl)piperidine and pyridine derivatives have provided unexpected insecticidal activity. These compounds are represented by formula (I): wherein m, n, q, r, and s are independently selected from 0 or 1; and p is 0, 1, 2, or 3; A is C or CH; and B, D, E, R, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are fully described herein. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula I, and optionally, an effective amount of at least one of a second compound, with at least one insecticidally compatible carrier are also disclosed; along with methods of controlling insects comprising applying said compositions to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present.

Abstract: Gelled biopolymer based foams are disclosed. The gelled foams comprise a cross-linked biopolymer, preferably alginate; optionally, a foaming agent such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; and a plasticizer, preferably glycerin sorbitol, or a mixture thereof, that forms the predominant portion of the gelled foam. The foams are soft and pliable and have high absorbency. They are used as wound dressing materials, controlled release delivery systems, cell culture, barrier media for preventing tissue adherence, and bioabsorbable implants. They also have various personal care applications, especially in oral hygiene, and can be used in food applications.

Abstract: Gelled biopolymer based foams are disclosed. The gelled foams comprise a cross-linked biopolymer, preferably alginate; optionally, a foaming agent such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; and a plasticizer, preferably glycerin sorbitol, or a mixture thereof, that forms the predominant portion of the gelled foam. The foams are soft and pliable and have high absorbency. They are used as wound dressing materials, controlled release delivery systems, cell culture, barrier media for preventing tissue adherence, and bioabsorbable implants. They also have various personal care applications, especially in oral hygiene, and can be used in food applications.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a sulfonamide of formula (II), comprising reacting at elevated temperature an aniline of formula (I), with a sulfonating agent A of the formula R1—SO2-Z in the presence of a catalytic amount of either: (i) an amide B-1, other than N,N-dimethylformamide, or (ii) a high boiling tertiary amine B-2. Also provided in accordance with the present invention are processes for preparing sulfonamides of formula (II) by reacting an aniline of formula (I) with sulfanating agent A of the formula R1—SO2-Z in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide, at a temperature in the range of about 120° C. to about 160° C. for about three to about seven hours.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 1-aryltriazolinones of formula I useful in the production of commercial herbicides: by (i) carbonylating an amidrazone of formula (A) with one or more carbonylating agent, or by (ii) condensing a hydrazonoyl derivative of formula (A) with one or more ring-forming agent, wherein formula (A) is where W, X, Y, Z, and R1 are fully described herein. Preferred are those where W is halogen or —NHR where R is hydrogen or haloalkyl; X and Y are independently selected from hydrogen, chloro, or fluoro; Z is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, nitro, amino, or methylsulfonylamino; and R1 is methyl. Certain compounds of formula (A) are novel compositions of matter. The process as described herein has utility in providing compounds of formula I in unexpectedly high yield and purity.

Abstract: Insecticidal (dihalopropenyl) phenylalkyl substituted dihydrobenzofuran and dihydrobenzopyran derivatives of Formula I are disclosed. These compounds provide unexpected insecticidal activity across a spectrum of insect pests combined with desirable physical properties including improved photostability. wherein x and y are integers independently selected from 0 or 1; and B is a bridging group *—(CR16R17)q—(CR18R19)r—(CR20R21)s—Lt—(CR22R23)u—(CR24R25)v—(CR26R27)w—, where the asterisk denotes attachment at A; and q, r, s, u, v and w are integers independently selected from 0, 1 and 2; and t is an integer selected from 0 and 1. A, D, E, G, M, R through R11, and R16 through R27, inclusively, are fully described herein. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula I and methods of controlling insects by applying said compositions to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a method of formulating hydrophobic pesticides comprising emulsifying an aqueous phase and a water-immiscible phase to form a formulation; wherein the aqueous phase is comprised of water and optionally a freeze/thaw agent, one or more emulsifiers, or combinations thereof, and the water-immiscible phase comprises the hydrophobic pesticide and one or more emulsifiers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to protection of plants from unintended phytotoxic injury due to application of a herbicide to reduce competition for the plant of interest. A preferred herbicide used in the context of the present invention is clomazone. The unintended phytotoxic injury is avoided by application of a safening-effective amount of one or more of the compounds described by formula (I) wherein T and T1 are independently selected from the group of hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl; U is oxygen or sulfur, and; V, W, X, Y, and Z are independently selected from the group of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxy. The present invention is preferably used for growing corn, wheat, and cotton in the presence of the otherwise phytoxic effects of clomazone, for example.

Abstract: An aqueous composition suitable for use as a high-retention sanitizer, especially on irregular and/or non-horizontal surfaces and surfaces on which water does not readily spread, a method for sanitizing a surface using the composition, and kits comprising components of the composition. The composition contains an organic peracid, preferably peracetic acid, or other antimicrobial agent, and a retention aid. The retention aid preferably is provided as a concentrate for admixture with the antimicrobial agent at point of use and comprises a mixture of a non-ionic surfactant, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a water-soluble magnesium ion source; or a mixture of a biopolymer thickening agent and at least one surfactant, and optionally a water-soluble magnesium ion source.

Abstract: A novel liquid herbicide composition containing carfentrazone-ethyl, an anionic surfactant, a water-soluble organic compound and water and having a pH of from 2 to 7 is provided in which carfentrazone-ethyl is prevented from being in storage.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: wherein A, B, D, and R are as defined herein and their agriculturally acceptable salts are disclosed as effective insecticides. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of Formula I in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant and methods of controlling insects comprising applying said compositions to locus on crops where control is desired are disclosed. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims (see 37 C.F.R. 1.72(b)).

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a fat-like substitute in low-calorie, aqueous-based foodstuffs comprising dry, water-dispersible particles, said particles consisting of an agglomerate of microreticulated or microfibrillated microcrystalline cellulose in a predominant amount by weight, and a hydrocolloid selected from a carboxymethylcellulose and xanthan gum in an amount sufficient to provide effective coverage of the cellulose.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a one-pot, high-throughput method for the measurement of the amount of a nucleotide generated in a cell. The method is particularly effective in measuring changes in cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) coupled to cell receptors in insects.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 1-aryltriazolinones of formula I useful in the production of commercial herbicides: by (i) carbonylating an amidrazone of formula (A) with one or more carbonylating agent, or by (ii) condensing a hydrazonoyl derivative of formula (A) with one or more ring-forming agent, wherein formula (A) is where W, X, Y, Z, and R1 are fully described herein. Preferred are those where W is halogen or —NHR where R is hydrogen or haloalkyl; X and Y are independently selected from hydrogen, chloro, or fluoro; Z is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, nitro, amino, or methylsulfonylamino; and R1 is methyl. Certain compounds of formula (A) are novel compositions of matter. The process as described herein has utility in providing compounds of formula I in unexpectedly high yield and purity.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 1-aryltriazolinones of formula I useful in the production of commercial herbicides: by (i) carbonylating an amidrazone of formula (A) with one or more carbonylating agent, or by (ii) condensing a hydrazonoyl derivative of formula (A) with one or more ring-forming agent, wherein formula (A) is where W, X, Y, Z, and R1 are fully described herein. Preferred are those where W is halogen or —NHR where R is hydrogen or haloalkyl; X and Y are independently selected from hydrogen, chloro, or fluoro; Z is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, nitro, amino, or methylsulfonylamino; and R1 is methyl. Certain compounds of formula (A) are novel compositions of matter. The process as described herein has utility in providing compounds of formula I in unexpectedly high yield and purity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of the herbicide ethyl &agr;-2-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorobenzenepropionate by the simultaneous diazotization of 4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(5-amino-2-fluoro-4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (the Amine) and arylation of ethyl acrylate with the diazotized Amine. In the process the following reagents are added in sequence and, under specified conditions, to a cooled, stirred solution of the Amine in acetone: cuprous chloride, hydrochloric acid, ethyl acrylate, and sodium nitrite.

Abstract: An herbicidal composition containing from 1 to 4 pounds of clomazone per gallon of formulation and having a clomazone volatility less than fifty percent of that of an emulsifiable concentrate containing four pounds of clomazone per gallon of formulation is prepared by the interfacial reaction of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate with a polyfunctional amine selected from ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 1,6-hexanediamine, and their mixtures in an aqueous phase optionally containing from 0.05 to 0.25 weight percent of a xanthan gum viscosity modified/stabilizer. Several such formulations and the method of their preparation are described.