Abstract: An apparatus for encoding includes a first domain converter, a switchable bypass, a second domain converter, a first processor and a second processor to obtain an encoded audio signal having different signal portions represented by coded data in different domains, which have been coded by different coding algorithms. Corresponding decoding stages in the decoder together with a bypass for bypassing a domain converter allow the generation of a decoded audio signal with high quality and low bit rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to identify names, personalities, titles, and topics that are present in a repository, and place them into a grammar, and to identify names, personalities, titles, and topics that are not present in the repository, and place them into a grammar, uses information from external data sources, notably the text used in non-speech, text-based searches, to expand the search terms entered into the ASR grammars. The expansion takes place in two forms: (1) finding plausible linguistic variants of existing search terms that are already comprehended in the repository, but that are present under slightly different names; and (2) expanding the existing search term list with items that should be there by virtue of their currency in popular culture, but which for whatever reason have not yet been reflected with content items in the repository.

Abstract: When localizing terminal devices an updating measure of reference ambient information allocated to surroundings of the terminal device is executed when a deviation of ambient information determined by means of the terminal device from reference ambient information allocated to a position of the terminal device is detected.

Abstract: A multi-phase system for creating a metallic effect on a substrate, includes applying to the substrate a first ink jet ink having a dispersion of reflective metallic particles in a suitable carrier system, to form a reflective coating layer; and applying a second ink jet ink over the reflective coating layer to form a protective coating layer. Optionally, an undercoat layer is printed on the substrate prior to applying the first ink jet ink. The second ink jet comprises at least one crosslinkable polymer or is otherwise energy curable. The second ink jet ink optionally imparts a color to the metallic image.

Abstract: A filter apparatus for filtering a time domain input signal to obtain a time domain output signal, which is a representation of the time domain input signal filtered using a filter characteristic having an non-uniform amplitude/frequency characteristic, comprises a complex analysis filter bank for generating a plurality of complex subband signals from the time domain input signals, a plurality of intermediate filters, wherein at least one of the intermediate filters of the plurality of the intermediate filters has a non-uniform amplitude/frequency characteristic, wherein the plurality of intermediate filters have a shorter impulse response compared to an impulse response of a filter having the filter characteristic, and wherein the non-uniform amplitude/frequency characteristics of the plurality of intermediate filters together represent the non-uniform filter characteristic, and a complex synthesis filter bank for synthesizing the output of the intermediate filters to obtain the time domain output signal.

Abstract: A handwriting recognition apparatus facilitates user entry of strokes one on top of another. The apparatus, which includes a processor and a display integrated with a touch sensitive screen, receives a series of strokes via the screen. Each stroke is defined by contact, trace, and lift occurrences. Each stroke appears on the display until occurrence of a prescribed event, and then disappears. The apparatus accumulates strokes into a buffer and interprets all accumulated strokes collectively against a character database and optionally a linguistic database, to identify multiple candidate strings that could be represented by the accumulated strokes. The apparatus displays candidate strings for user selection after all strokes have faded, or after receiving a user submitted delimiter, or after a given delay has elapsed following user entry of the latest stroke. Alternatively, candidate strings are displayed after each stroke without waiting for timeout or explicit delimiter.

Abstract: A mechanism gives users meaningful access to information while protecting the interests of publishers and creators of information including text, graphics, photos, executable files, data tables, audio, video, and three dimensional data and allows a user to review a document while connected to a network but prevents the user from downloading, printing, or copying the document unless a fee is paid. The user is allowed to review documents at a first cost basis, but only provides other access to documents, such as copying, printing, or downloading on a second cost basis. The user is also allowed to purchase a selectable portion of a document at a price based on the amount of material selected where that amount of material can include a portion of a document, an entire document, or an anthology of components of multiple documents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a speech recognition system combined with one or more alternate input modalities to ensure efficient and accurate text input. The speech recognition system achieves less than perfect accuracy due to limited processing power, environmental noise, and/or natural variations in speaking style. The alternate input modalities use disambiguation or recognition engines to compensate for reduced keyboards, sloppy input, and/or natural variations in writing style. The ambiguity remaining in the speech recognition process is mostly orthogonal to the ambiguity inherent in the alternate input modality, such that the combination of the two modalities resolves the recognition errors efficiently and accurately. The invention is especially well suited for mobile devices with limited space for keyboards or touch-screen input.

Abstract: A multi-frequency band receiver has a first path configured to process first and second frequency bands, and a second path configured to process a third frequency band, the first and second frequency bands having a smaller distance than the first and third frequency bands, and having a smaller distance than the second and third frequency bands. In addition, the multi-frequency band receiver has an oscillator stage for providing a local oscillator signal having a frequency that is between the center frequencies of the first and second frequency bands, the first path having a mixer that may be supplied with the local oscillator signal, and the second path having a mixer that may also be supplied with the local oscillator signal. In addition, the multi-frequency band receiver has a baseband stage for processing output signals of the first and second paths so as to obtain a receive signal.

Abstract: A method and system for producing and working with transcripts according to the invention eliminates time inefficiencies. By dispersing a source recording to a transcription team in small segments, so that team members transcribe segments in parallel, a rapid transcription process delivers a fully edited transcript within minutes. Clients can view accurate, grammatically correct, proofread and fact-checked documents that shadow live proceedings by mere minutes. The rapid transcript includes time coding, speaker identification and summary. A viewer application allows a client to view a video recording side-by-side with a transcript. Clicking on a word in the transcript locates the corresponding recorded content; advancing a recording to a particular point locates and displays the corresponding spot in the transcript. The recording is viewed using common video features, and may be downloaded. The client can edit the transcript and insert comments. Any number of colleagues can view and edit simultaneously.

Abstract: The invention may be embodied as a method of selecting a service and inputting information to that service. In one such method, an input device having keys is provided. When such a key is pressed and released quickly, the user indicates a desire to enter a symbol on the key in order to enter symbols of an entry string. In addition, one or more of the keys may also be used to identify a service and also supply that service with the entry string. For example, by pressing and holding such a key, the entry string may be delimited and then sent to a service corresponding to the pressed key. In this manner, a single key press may be used to both delimit an entry string and also send the entry string to the service. The service may use the delimited entry string to retrieve information, which is then supplied to the input device.

Abstract: In a communications system, after parties form a voice telephone connection, the parties respective communications devices automatically create or leverage machine readable features or content of the telephone connection to identify the parties to each other or to a rendezvous server, and thereafter the communications devices and/or the rendezvous server automatically establishes a data link between the parties.

Abstract: An apparatus for writing checksum information on a data content on a storage medium. The apparatus has a provider for providing checksum information based on the data content and a writer for writing the data content and the checksum information on the storage medium such that a baseline reader and an enhanced reader can read the data content, the enhanced reader can read and process the checksum information, and the baseline reader ignores, skips or does not read the checksum information.

Abstract: A microscope with sub-wavelength resolution with a light source for monochromatic light with a predetermined wavelength, an object carrier for an object to be examined, and an image sensor with an optical structure with a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, the optical structure having a negative refractive index, and a pixel array extending along the second side of the optical structure at a predetermined distance, wherein the first side of the optical structure of the image sensor is arranged at a near-field distance smaller than the wavelength of the monochromatic light to the object carrier.

Abstract: A secure instant messaging (IM) system integrates secure instant messaging into existing instant messaging systems. A certificate authority (CA) issues security certificates to users binding the user's IM screen name to a public key, used by sending users to encrypt messages and files for the user. The CA uses a subscriber database to keep track of valid users and associated information, e.g. user screen names, user subscription expiration dates, and enrollment agent information. A user sends his certificate to an instant messaging server which publishes the user's certificate to other users. Users encrypt instant messages and files using an encryption algorithm and the recipient's certificate. A sending user can sign instant messages using his private signing key. The security status of received messages is displayed to recipients.

Abstract: A computer receives user entry of a sequence of keypresses, representing an intended series of letters collectively spelling-out some or all of a desired textual object. Resolution of the intended series of letters and the desired textual object is ambiguous, however, because some or all of the key presses individually represent multiple letters. The computer interprets the keypresses utilizing concurrent, competing strategies, including one-keypress-per-letter and multi-tap interpretations. The computer displays a combined output of proposed interpretations and completions from both strategies.

Abstract: An evaluation device 20 comprises a circuit element comprising respective pairs of inputs and outputs including several capacitances 25a-25c and resistances 26a-26d, one end of each being connected to both ends of the capacitances 25a-25c, wherein a resistance value of a signal input side is generally equal to that of a signal output side. The evaluation device 20 is further provided with a connecting terminal with an output device 10 for outputting signals to a device to be evaluated 30 on the signal input side, and is provided with a connecting terminal with the device to be evaluated 30 on the signal output side.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a spectral ratio between a first signal having a first spectrum which depends on a biological quantity, and a second signal having a second spectrum which depends on a biological quantity, the first signal and the second signal having a plurality of harmonics of a periodic signal, the apparatus including a computer for computing a first wave ratio between a spectral value of the first spectrum which has a frequency of a harmonic of the plurality of harmonics, and a spectral value of the second spectrum which has the frequency of the harmonic; and for computing a second wave ratio between a spectral value of the first spectrum which has a frequency of another harmonic of the plurality of harmonics, and a spectral value of the second spectrum which has the frequency of the other harmonic. In addition, the apparatus includes an optimizer.

Abstract: A system is provided for supporting multiple platforms with common personal preferences for printer drivers. The set preferences for the printer driver are therefore reusable and may be moved from one driver to another. The system involves the provision of a common format for printer driver preferences. When a new printer is brought to a system or a user moves to a station that uses a different printer, the preferences are readily moved to that location. Further, an MIS department may provide a corporate wide printer preference solution, for example for printing a particular page or printing in a particular style. The preferences may not be identical for each printer due to differences in the capabilities of various platforms. The printer preferences overwrite a default value in printers with preferences, to the extent that each printer has the options available. To the extent that these options are not available, the printer reverts to its default setting.

Abstract: Flow control is applied to increasing the performance of a browser while pre-fetching Web objects while operating over bandwidth constrained links to increase the level of concurrency, thus reducing contention for limited bandwidth resources with increased levels of concurrency. Using an agent or a gateway to speed up its Internet transactions over bandwidth constrained connections to source servers. Assisting a browser in the fetching of objects in such a way that an object is ready and available locally before the browser requires it, without suffering congestion on any bandwidth constrained link. Providing seemingly instantaneous availability of objects to a browser enabling it to complete processing the object to request the next object without much wait.