Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus comprising a charge retentive drum such as a photosensitive drum including an electrically conductive drum substrate and a charge retentive layer applied on the drum substrate, a developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the drum with toner to form a toner image, a transfer roller for transferring the toner image onto a record paper, the record paper being fed between the drum and the transfer roller, a peelling claw for peeling the record paper having the toner image transferred thereto off the drum surface, the peeling claw being made of conductive metal and its free end being urged against a depressed edge portion of the conductive drum substrate, and means for connecting the peeling claw to the earth potential.

Abstract: The invention relates to anti-fouling agents capable of decreasing the fouling of equipment in contact with a hydrocarbon charge.These agents comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of substances having the formula: ##STR1## where R and R' are linear or branched alkyl radicals having between 4 and 12 carbon atoms and where M is a metal atom of Groups IA and IIA of the Periodic Table, withn=1, when the metal M is a metal of Group 1A, andn=2, when the metal M is a metal of Group IIA.An example of such an agent is sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate.

Abstract: An automatic focussing device which functions to bring a video disc surface in focus with an optical system is disclosed. The device comprises a hologram for producing a focussing luminous flux having astigmatism with or without coma and a video signal reading out luminous flux without having astigmatism with or without coma, a relay lens having an optimum image forming plane, and an objective lens arranged such that said optimum image forming plane and said video disc surface are conjugate with respect to said objective lens.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring and detecting a preselected liquid level of a liquid in a container comprises a light emitter element disposed at a height along the outer wall of the liquid container and a light sensitive element disposed in opposition to the light emitter element at such a height that the light beam emitted from the light emitter element will impinge onto the light sensitive element when the liquid level in the container has attained the preselected liquid level, wherein change in the output state of the light sensitive element is utilized for producing an alarm signal.

Abstract: A wagon or trolley which is especially suited for the transport and distribution of piles of cartons or parcels of various sizes which are stacked directly on top of each other, comprising a substantially rectangular bottom and four mutually connected walls. A first wall is pivotally connected with the adjacent wall and serves as a door, the first wall being adapted to swing about a vertical axis so as to offer unrestricted loading access to the loading zone of the wagon when in open position. A second wall is provided with an upper door portion which in a removed or lowered position provides an additional access opening to the contents of the wagon without increasing the outer dimensions of the wagon, the lower portion of the second wall being permanently connected to its adjacent side walls and offering necessary safety for the objects in the wagon to be kept in position when the upper door portion of the second wall is opened.

Abstract: Device for inserting several bits in a rhythmed digital train, comprising a osed looped shift register, the shift being controlled according to the rhythm of the train. The register receives, in parallel, the bits to be inserted, the write-in locations depending on the instant at which it is required to have these bits available in order to insert them in the train. Preferably, the train being subdivided into sub-groups (IT) of adjacent bits, the register comprises as many bistable elements as there are bits in a sub-group.

Abstract: A heat engine using as the working medium a non-compressible substance such as a liquid or a solid. The non-compressible substance in an enclosure is moved alternately relative to and between a high temperature zone and a low temperature zone to undergo expansion and contraction, which are transmitted directly or indirectly as mechanical displacement by an output piston. As the non-compressible substance, polyethylene or paraffin is most desirable.

Abstract: Apparatus for preparing carbides from a powdered charge of carbon and oxygen-containing compounds of elements that can form carbides comprises an inductor for the induction heating of the charge to the reaction temperature with continuous compacting thereof. The powdered charge is heated by inducing in it high-frequency currents uniformly throughout the entire induction volume to the depth of not less than the radius of the charge column. A tubular reactor is enclosed inside the inductor which is a high-frequency generator. The reactor is manufactured out of nonmagnetic material. The reactor has slots in its wall that are filled with a dielectric material. A loading device provided with a pusher is mounted at a top portion of the reactor, and an unloading device provided with a valve and a receptacle is located at the bottom portion of the reactor.

Abstract: A thermal timer valve for temperature-dependent operation of accessory devices of a fuel mixture preparation system of a combustion engine. The valve has a membrane chamber acted upon by intake pipe or manifold negative pressure. The membrane is connected to a rod which on one end has a valve closure element and on the other end a piston located in an oil chamber. The oil chamber may have an adjustable overflow channel. A disk check valve may be associated with the piston. Also there may be an overflow channel with a compensation chamber.

Abstract: .alpha.-Tocopheryl derivatives, useful as agents for the treatment of ulcer, are described.

Abstract: A refrigerant compressor for effecting successive compression and exhaust strokes by the reciprocating action of a piston driven by an inclined oscillating plate. A rotor chamber communicates with an air inlet chamber through an air inlet silencer chamber while an exhaust chamber communicates with an outlet via an exhaust silencer chamber. The exhaust silencer chamber communicates with a lower sump chamber through a separator so that lubricating oil can be separated in the exhaust chamber and can flow to the sump chamber wherefrom the lubricating oil can flow back to the rotor chamber through a bore in a rotor drive shaft which communicates with the sump chamber through an orifice.

Abstract: A scanning arrangement in which the scanning speed at right angles to line direction is selected so that every line becomes scanned anew by the following element in picture direction. Reproduction is carried out by way of a series arrangement of luminous diodes. The light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are arranged geometrically corresponding to the detector array. For scanning the thermal picture, use is made of a polygon prism permeable for thermal radiation and beams; for reproduction use is made of a polygon prism permeable for visible radiation or beams. Both prisms are located on the same pivot axis and the scanning of the thermal picture, as well as the reproduction of the visible picture in line direction is achieved by turning both polygons and scanning in picture direction is achieved by tilting the pivot axis.

Abstract: A double-acting closure valve for use in a coaxial flow system consists of an inner pipe having an inner wall surface including surface portions which are profiled so as to provide a pair of inner valve seats spaced apart axially from one another, an inner body disposed coaxially within the inner pipe and having associated therewith a pair of inner valve closure members movable generally axially so as to abut the inner valve seats and an outer pipe coaxial with the inner pipe and having an inner wall surface including surface portions which are profiled so as to provide a pair of outer valve seats spaced apart axially from one another, an outer wall surface of the inner pipe also including surface portions each of which is profiled to enable one of a pair of outer valve closure members associated therewith to move generally axially so as to abut an outer valve seat.

Abstract: The transducer is formed of at least two metallic blocks (3) with at least one layer 3 of piezo-electric material sandwiched between these metallic blocks, the faces of the layer or layers being metal sprayed to conduct the voltage. One metallic block has at least one projecting element reaching to the opposite metallic block and being connected with the opposite block by means of a binder. Stresses are generated between the layers of piezo-electric material and the metallic blocks originate in the piezo-ceramic material. The faces of contact between the metallic blocks can be either slanted or perpendicular relative to the layers of piezo-electric material. The projecting elements can be made either as dowels or as collars. Oscillations in the transducer are excited by a voltage applied to the transducer terminals.

Abstract: The invention provides novel 19-methyl-9-keto-15-hydroxy-prost-18-enoic, -prosta-13,18-dienoic and -prosta-5,13,18-trienoic acids and esters having antiulcer and antiasthma activity.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkylbenzenes, according to which benzene is reacted with an olefin (or mixture of olefins) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, according to the Friedel-Crafts reaction. The reactant which is reacted with the benzene is the product of the autocondensation of an olefin or a mixture of olefins, having a number of carbon atoms of between 10 and 15, whereby a mixture of both light and heavy alkylbenzenes is obtained, the heavy alkylbenzenes being useful for lubricating compositions.

Abstract: An arrangement for supplying a card by means of a feed chute to which the fiber material is supplied from above and from which it is removed below for delivery to the card. The feed chute for compressing fiber material has at its lower end air exit openings and at its upper end an arrangement delivering flowing air fiber material. The air exiting from the air exit openings is drawn in and fed again to the feed chute at its upper end. One end of an outflow channel is connected to the air exit openings and the other end to a unit delivering air to the fiber material. This unit may be capable of generating flowing air in spurts or continuously. It may be a check-valve type pump or a fan. A filter device is located in the outflow channel, and an air distribution arrangement may be placed behind the unit for delivering air.

Abstract: An abrasive body for machining a workpiece including an abrasive compact comprising a mass of abrasive particles such as diamond and cubic boron nitride, present in an amount of at least 70 percent by volume of the compact, bonded into a hard conglomerate; support means covering more than 50 percent of the surface of the compact and bonded to the compact; and the compact presenting a formation, salient in relation to the support means, capable of machining the workpiece. Preferred configurations for the body are those in which the compact is sandwiched between two supports and a cylinder of compact inside a supporting sleeve.

Abstract: The impellers of two rotary compressors are respectively fixed to the opposite ends of each shaft of a plurality of shafts, the compressors being connected in succession by connecting pipes to constitute a single multistage combination of the compressors in successive compression stages, the impeller of the preceding stage of the impellers on each shaft having a gas exit flow angle which is less than that of the impeller of the succeeding stage thereby to cause the specific speed of each impeller to be at its optimal value.

Abstract: In a machine for separating and discharging products in sheet form, in which the sheets are supplied by a conveyor and stacked in a stacking position defined by a stop abutment associated with the conveyor, each successive sheet being introduced under the preceding sheet in the stacking position, a roller is provided at the upstream lower edge of the stack, the roller having peripheral cogs and being arranged so that the upstream edge of the lowest sheet in the stack rests against it and is raised by rotation of the roller.